Old page wikitext, before the edit ($1) (old_wikitext) | '{{short description|Overview of Muhammad Ali's boxing career}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2023}}
{{Infobox boxer
| name = Muhammad Ali
| image = Ali the greatest 1976.jpg
| caption = Ali in 1976
| nickname = {{plainlist|
*''The Greatest''
*''The Louisville Lip''
*''The People's Champion''
}}
| weight = [[Heavyweight]]
| height = 6 ft 3 in<ref name=BoxRec>{{boxrec|180}}. Retrieved June 5, 2016.</ref>
| reach = 78 in<ref name=BoxRec />
| nationality = American
| birth_name = Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.
| birth_date = {{birth date|1942|1|17}}
| birth_place = [[Louisville, Kentucky]], U.S.
| death_date = {{death date and age|2016|6|3|1942|1|17}}
| death_place = [[Scottsdale, Arizona]], U.S.
| style = [[Orthodox stance|Orthodox]]<!-- This is a boxing term, not a religious one -->
| boxrec = 180
| total = 61
| wins = 56
| KO = 37
| losses = 5
| website = {{URL|https://web.archive.org/web/20181112191859/http://muhammadali.com:80/|muhammadali.com}}
| medaltemplates =
{{MedalSport | Men's amateur boxing}}
{{MedalCompetition | [[Olympic Games]]}}
{{MedalCountry | the {{USA}} }}
{{MedalGold | [[1960 Rome]] | [[Boxing at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight|Light-heavyweight]]}}
{{MedalCompetition | [[Intercity Golden Gloves]]}}
{{MedalGold | 1959 Chicago | [[List of US national Golden Gloves light heavyweight champions|Light-heavyweight]]}}
{{MedalGold | 1960 New York | [[List of US national Golden Gloves heavyweight champions|Heavyweight]]}}
{{MedalCompetition | [[Chicago Golden Gloves]]}}
{{MedalGold | 1959 Chicago | Light-heavyweight}}
{{MedalGold | 1960 Chicago | Light-heavyweight}}
{{MedalCompetition | [[United States national amateur boxing championships|US National Championships]]}}
{{MedalGold | 1959 Toledo | [[List of United States national amateur boxing light heavyweight champions|Light-heavyweight]]}}
{{MedalGold | 1960 Toledo | Light-heavyweight}}
}}
[[Muhammad Ali]] was a boxer who mastered the [[rope-a-dope]] fighting technique. He is widely regarded by many boxing commentators and historians as the greatest [[heavyweight]] [[boxing|boxer]] of all time. Boxing magazine ''[[The Ring (magazine)|The Ring]]'' named him number one in a 1998 ranking of greatest heavyweights from all eras.<ref name="ring">{{cite web |url=http://www.boxinginsider.com/columns/was-ali-the-greatest-heavyweight/ |title=Was Ali the Greatest Heavyweight? |publisher=Boxinginsider.com |last=Donelson |first=Tom |date=July 14, 2008 |access-date=September 4, 2016 |archive-date=November 9, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161109171120/http://www.boxinginsider.com/columns/was-ali-the-greatest-heavyweight/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1999, ''[[The Associated Press]]'' voted Ali the number one heavyweight of the 20th century.<ref name="ap">{{cite web |url=http://static.espn.go.com/boxing/news/1999/1208/221260.html |title=AP Fighters of the Century list |access-date=February 12, 2012 |archive-date=August 2, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180802053209/http://static.espn.go.com/boxing/news/1999/1208/221260.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
In 1999, Ali was named the second greatest boxer in the history of combat sports, [[pound for pound]] by [[ESPN]]. He was only behind the [[welterweight]] and [[middleweight]] legend [[Sugar Ray Robinson]].<ref name="espn">{{cite news|url=http://espn.go.com/boxing/fnf/981202topten.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080107172258/http://espn.go.com/boxing/fnf/981202topten.html|archive-date=January 7, 2008 |title=Sugar Ray Robinson wins split decision from Ali |publisher=ESPN |date=September 6, 1999 |access-date=April 26, 2009}}</ref> In December 2007, ESPN placed Ali second in its choice of the greatest heavyweights of all time, behind [[Joe Louis]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amazon.com/dp/B000R7HY5K |title=ESPN Classic Ringside: Top 10 Heavyweights |website=Amazon |date=September 25, 2007 |access-date=January 29, 2012 |archive-date=February 25, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225094400/https://www.amazon.com/dp/B000R7HY5K |url-status=live }}</ref> He was inducted in the [[International Boxing Hall of Fame]] in the inaugural class of 1990.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1990/04/07/Boxing-Hall-of-Fame-names-first-inductees/6244639460800/|title=Boxing Hall of Fame names first inductees – UPI Archives|website=UPI|access-date=May 22, 2021|archive-date=January 31, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220131054353/https://www.upi.com/Archives/1990/04/07/Boxing-Hall-of-Fame-names-first-inductees/6244639460800/|url-status=live}}</ref>
== Early career ==
[[File:1961 Cassius Clay vs. Donnie Fleeman On-Site Poster.jpg|thumb|upright|On-site poster for Cassius Clay's fifth professional bout]]
Clay made his professional debut on October 29, 1960, winning a six-round decision over [[Tunney Hunsaker]]. From then until the end of 1963, Clay amassed a record of 19–0 with 15 wins by knockout. He defeated boxers including Tony Esperti, [[Jim Robinson (boxer)|Jim Robinson]], Donnie Fleeman, Alonzo Johnson, George Logan, Willi Besmanoff, [[LaMar Clark]], [[Doug Jones (boxer)|Doug Jones]] and [[Henry Cooper]]. Clay also beat his former trainer and veteran boxer [[Archie Moore]] in a 1962 match.<ref>{{cite news|last=Calkins|first=Matt|url=http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/2014/nov/17/archie-moore-the52-boxing-heavyweight/|title=Archie Moore was the KO king|work=[[U-T San Diego]]|date=November 17, 2014|access-date=June 15, 2016|archive-date=August 11, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160811005535/http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/2014/nov/17/archie-moore-the52-boxing-heavyweight/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mgDK3q6GWI8C|title=Ali in Action: The Man, the Moves, the Mouth|first=Les|last=Krantz|date=January 1, 2008|publisher=Globe Pequot|access-date=June 15, 2016|via=Google Books|isbn=9781599213026}}</ref>
These early fights were not without trials. Clay was knocked down by both [[Sonny Banks]] and Cooper. In the Cooper fight, Clay was floored by a left [[Hook (boxing)|hook]] at the end of round four, and was groggy when he got up at the count of three. However, the round had ended by the time he rose, and he recovered between rounds, going on to win in the predicted 5th round due to Cooper's severely cut eye. The fight with Doug Jones on March 13, 1963, was Clay's toughest fight during this stretch. The number two and three heavyweight contenders respectively, Clay and Jones fought on Jones' home turf at New York's [[Madison Square Garden (1925)|Madison Square Garden]]. Jones staggered Clay in the first round, and the unanimous decision for Clay was greeted by boos and a rain of debris thrown into the ring. Watching on closed-circuit TV, heavyweight champ Sonny Liston quipped that if he fought Clay he might get locked up for murder. The fight was later named "Fight of the Year" by ''The Ring'' magazine.<ref>{{cite news|last=Velin|first=Bob|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/2016/06/04/muhammad-ali-fight-by-fight-career/85341622/|title=Fight by fight: Muhammad Ali's legendary career|work=[[USA Today]]|date=June 4, 2016|access-date=June 15, 2016|archive-date=June 15, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160615060046/http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/2016/06/04/muhammad-ali-fight-by-fight-career/85341622/|url-status=live}}</ref>
In each of these fights, Clay vocally belittled his opponents and vaunted his abilities. He called Jones "an ugly little man" and Cooper a "bum." He said he was embarrassed to get in the ring with Alex Miteff and claimed that Madison Square Garden was "too small for me."<ref name=Mee>Bob Mee, ''Ali and Liston: The Boy Who Would Be King and the Ugly Bear'', 2011.</ref> His provocative and outlandish behavior in the ring was inspired by [[professional wrestler]] [[Gorgeous George|"Gorgeous George" Wagner]].<ref name="SI">{{cite magazine|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1114630/index.htm |title=King Strut |first=John |last=Capouya |magazine=[[Sports Illustrated]] |access-date=March 14, 2017 |date=December 12, 2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110603232105/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1114630/index.htm |archive-date=June 3, 2011 }}</ref> Ali stated in a 1969 interview with the Associated Press' Hubert Mizel that he met with Gorgeous George in Las Vegas in 1961 and that the wrestler inspired him to use wrestling jargon when he did interviews.<ref name=georgali>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbssports.com/general/news/how-muhammad-alis-fascination-with-pro-wrestling-fueled-his-career-inspired-mma/|title=How Muhammad Ali's fascination with pro wrestling fueled his career, inspired MMA|first=Denny|last=Burkholder|work=CBS Sports|date=June 6, 2016|access-date=October 2, 2016|archive-date=August 7, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220807202007/https://www.cbssports.com/general/news/how-muhammad-alis-fascination-with-pro-wrestling-fueled-his-career-inspired-mma/|url-status=live}}</ref>
In 1960, Clay left Moore's camp, partially due to his refusal to do chores such as washing dishes and sweeping. To replace Moore, Clay hired [[Angelo Dundee]] to be his trainer. Clay had met Dundee in February 1957 during Clay's amateur career.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://espn.go.com/boxing/story/_/id/7470417/muhammad-ali-was-continues-greatest | publisher=ESPN | title=Dundee: Ali was, still is 'The Greatest' | date=January 17, 2012 | access-date=January 17, 2012 | first1=Carlos | last1=Irusta | archive-date=January 19, 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120119214342/http://espn.go.com/boxing/story/_/id/7470417/muhammad-ali-was-continues-greatest | url-status=live }}</ref> Around this time, Clay sought longtime idol [[Sugar Ray Robinson]] to be his manager, but was rebuffed.<ref>{{cite book |last=Haygood |first=Wil |author-link=Wil Haygood |title=Sweet Thunder: The Life and Times of Sugar Ray Robinson |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q_nfLUMzlM0C&pg=PA378 |page=378 |publisher=[[Chicago Review Press]] |date=April 1, 2011 |access-date=June 24, 2016 |isbn=9781569768648 |archive-date=October 31, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031223022/https://books.google.com/books?id=Q_nfLUMzlM0C&pg=PA378#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref>
== World heavyweight champion ==
=== Fights against Liston ===
{{Main|Muhammad Ali vs. Sonny Liston}}
By late 1963, Clay had become the top contender for Sonny Liston's title. The fight was set for February 25, 1964, in [[Miami Beach]]. Liston was an intimidating personality, a dominating fighter with a criminal past and ties to the mob. Based on Clay's uninspired performance against Jones and Cooper in his previous two fights, and Liston's destruction of former heavyweight champion [[Floyd Patterson]] in two first-round knock outs, Clay was an 8:1 underdog.<ref name="Liston">{{cite news |first=Robert |last=Lipsyte |title=Clay Wins Title in Seventh-Round Upset As Liston Is Halted by Shoulder Injury |url=https://www.nytimes.com/books/98/10/25/specials/ali-upset.html |work=The New York Times |date=February 26, 1964 |access-date=December 27, 2008 |archive-date=April 10, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090410085134/http://www.nytimes.com/books/98/10/25/specials/ali-upset.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Despite this, Clay taunted Liston during the pre-fight buildup, dubbing him "the big ugly bear", stating "Liston even smells like a bear" and claiming "After I beat him I'm going to donate him to the zoo."<ref>[{{Google books|plainurl=y|id=vkvoAgAAQBAJ|page=147|text=Liston even smells like a bear}} Remnick (1998), p. 147]</ref> Clay turned the pre-fight weigh-in into a circus, shouting at Liston that "someone is going to die at ringside tonight." Clay's pulse rate was measured at 120, more than double his normal 54.<ref name="Liston" /> Many of those in attendance thought Clay's behavior stemmed from fear, and some commentators wondered if he would show up for the bout.
The outcome of the fight was a major upset. At the opening bell, Liston rushed at Clay, seemingly angry and looking for a quick knockout. However, Clay's superior speed and mobility enabled him to elude Liston, making the champion miss and look awkward. At the end of the first round, Clay opened up his attack and hit Liston repeatedly with jabs. Liston fought better in round two, but at the beginning of the third round Clay hit Liston with a combination that buckled his knees and opened a cut under his left eye. This was the first time Liston had ever been cut. At the end of round four, Clay was returning to his corner when he began experiencing blinding pain in his eyes and asked his trainer, [[Angelo Dundee]], to cut off his gloves. Dundee refused. It has been speculated that the problem was due to ointment used to seal Liston's cuts, perhaps deliberately applied by his corner to his gloves.<ref name="Liston" /> Though unconfirmed, boxing historian [[Bert Sugar]] claimed that two of Liston's opponents also complained about their eyes "burning."<ref>{{cite book |last=Sugar |first=Bert Randolph |title=Bert Sugar on Boxing: The Best of the Sport's Most Notable Writer |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R8hivgAACAAJ |year=2003 |publisher=Globe Pequot |isbn=978-1-59228-048-3 |page=196 |access-date=November 5, 2023 |archive-date=November 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231103145011/https://books.google.com/books?id=R8hivgAACAAJ |url-status=live }}</ref>
Despite Liston's attempts to knock out a blinded Clay, Clay was able to survive the fifth round until sweat and tears rinsed the irritation from his eyes. In the sixth, Clay dominated, hitting Liston repeatedly. Liston did not answer the bell for the seventh round, and Clay was declared the winner by [[TKO]]. Liston stated that the reason he quit was an injured shoulder. Following the win, a triumphant Clay rushed to the edge of the ring and, pointing to the ringside press, shouted: "Eat your words!" He added, "I am the greatest! I shook up the world. I'm the prettiest thing that ever lived."<ref>McLeod, Kembrew, ''Pranksters: Making Mischief in the Modern World'', pp. 223–4.</ref>
At ringside post fight, Clay appeared unconvinced that the fight was stopped due to a Liston shoulder injury, saying that the only injury Liston had was "an open eye, a big cut eye!" When told by Joe Louis that the injury was a "left arm thrown out of its socket," Clay quipped, "Yeah, swinging at nothing, who wouldn't!"<ref>{{cite AV media |title= Cassius Clay versus Sonny Liston |url= https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W4IKMX-5JLk |date=February 25, 1964 |access-date=November 5, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203100534/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W4IKMX-5JLk |archive-date=December 3, 2018 |work=Theatre Network Television |publisher=[[ESPN Classic]] |via=kumite27 (YouTube) |url-status=live}}</ref>
In winning this fight at the age of 22, Clay became the youngest boxer to take the title from a reigning heavyweight champion. However, [[Floyd Patterson]] remained the youngest to win the heavyweight championship, doing so at the age 21 during an elimination bout following [[Rocky Marciano]]'s retirement. [[Mike Tyson]] broke both records in 1986 when he defeated [[Trevor Berbick]] to win the heavyweight title at age 20.
Soon after the Liston fight, Clay changed his name to Cassius X, and then later to Muhammad Ali upon converting to Islam and affiliating with the [[Nation of Islam]]. Ali then faced a rematch with Liston scheduled for May 1965 in [[Lewiston, Maine]]. It had been scheduled for Boston the previous November, but was postponed for six months due to Ali's emergency surgery for a hernia three days before.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cuddy|first=Jack|title=Clay Undergoes Surgery; Fight Is Off Indefinitely|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/9544811/the_bridgeport_telegram/|newspaper=[[The Bridgeport Telegram]]|date=November 14, 1964|page=1|via=[[Newspapers.com]]|access-date=March 14, 2017|archive-date=March 15, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170315174456/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/9544811/the_bridgeport_telegram/|url-status=live}} {{free access}}</ref> The fight was controversial. Midway through the first round, Liston was knocked down by a difficult-to-see blow the press dubbed a "phantom punch." Referee [[Jersey Joe Walcott]] did not begin the count immediately after the knockdown, as Ali refused to retreat to a neutral corner. Liston rose after he had been down for about 20 seconds, and the fight momentarily continued. However a few seconds later Walcott, having been informed by the timekeepers that Liston had been down for a count of 10, stopped the match and declared Ali the winner by knockout.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NXYwb2C6Hec |title=Muhammad Ali vs Sonny Liston I & II – Highlights (Ali Becomes World Champion & Phantom Punch Fight!) |publisher=YouTube |access-date=June 20, 2018 |archive-date=August 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180827114607/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NXYwb2C6Hec |url-status=live }}</ref> The entire fight lasted less than two minutes.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/01/16/sports/sports-of-the-times-on-his-50th-ali-is-still-the-greatest.html | work=The New York Times | title=Sports of The Times; On His 50th, Ali Is Still 'The Greatest' | date=January 16, 1992 | access-date=January 25, 2012 | first1=Dave | last1=Anderson | archive-date=December 21, 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131221075405/http://www.nytimes.com/1992/01/16/sports/sports-of-the-times-on-his-50th-ali-is-still-the-greatest.html | url-status=live }}</ref>
It has since been speculated that Liston purposely dropped to the ground. Proposed motivations include threats on his life from the Nation of Islam, that he had bet against himself and that he "took a dive" to pay off debts. Slow-motion replays show that Liston was jarred by a chopping right from Ali, although it is unclear whether the blow was a genuine knockout punch.<ref>{{cite book |last=Vachss |first=Andrew |author-link=Andrew Vachss |url=http://www.vachss.com/only_child/index.html |title=Only Child |page=89 |publisher=Vintage |year=2003 |access-date=April 15, 2019 |archive-date=May 27, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160527140026/http://www.vachss.com/only_child/index.html |url-status=live }} Vachss further explains the way such a fix would have been engineered in {{cite book |url=http://twotrainsrunning.com/ |title=Two Trains Running |pages=160–165, 233 |publisher=Pantheon |year=2005 |access-date=April 15, 2019 |archive-date=July 16, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160716221347/http://www.twotrainsrunning.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
=== Fight against Patterson ===
{{Main|Muhammad Ali vs. Floyd Patterson}}
Ali defended his title against former heavyweight champion [[Floyd Patterson]] on November 22, 1965. Before the match, Ali mocked Patterson, who was widely known to call him by his former name Cassius Clay, as an "[[Uncle Tom syndrome|Uncle Tom]]", calling him "The Rabbit". Although Ali clearly had the better of Patterson, who appeared injured during the fight, the match lasted 12 rounds before being called on a technical knockout. Patterson later said he had strained his [[sacroiliac]]. Ali was criticized in the sports media for appearing to have toyed with Patterson during the fight.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sportsonearth.com/article/37158310/|agency=Sports on Earth|title=ALI-PATTERSON: THE REAL STORY|date=August 27, 2012|access-date=June 3, 2016|first=Alex|last=Belth|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171108100358/http://www.sportsonearth.com/article/37158310/|archive-date=November 8, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> Patterson biographer W.K. Stratton claims that the conflict between Ali and Patterson was not genuine but was staged to increase ticket sales and the closed-circuit viewing audience, with both men complicit in the theatrics. Stratton also cites an interview by Howard Cosell in which Ali explained that rather than toying with Patterson, he refrained from knocking him out after it became apparent Patterson was injured. Patterson himself later said that he'd never been hit by punches as soft as Ali's. Stratton states that Ali arranged the second fight, in 1972, with the financially struggling Patterson to help the former champion earn enough money to pay a debt to the [[IRS]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sportsonearth.com/article/37158310/the-real-story-behind-the-1965-muhammad-ali-floyd-patterson-fight|title=Ali-Patterson: The Real Story|access-date=June 20, 2018|archive-date=May 5, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200505115702/http://www.sportsonearth.com/article/37158310/the-real-story-behind-the-1965-muhammad-ali-floyd-patterson-fight|url-status=dead}}</ref>
=== Main Bout ===
After the Patterson fight, Ali founded his own promotion company, Main Bout. The company handled Ali's boxing promotions and [[pay-per-view]] [[closed-circuit television]] broadcasts; its stockholders were mainly fellow [[Nation of Islam]] members, such as [[Jabir Herbert Muhammad]] and the chief aide to Nation of Islam leader [[Elijah Muhammad]], John Ali,<ref>{{cite web|title=Risk vs. Reward|last=Hauser|first=Thomes|url=https://www.toprank.com/all-news/risk-vs-reward-top-rank-innovation-boxing/|website=Top Rank Boxing|date=November 4, 2011|access-date=April 17, 2019|archive-date=September 11, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911114254/https://www.toprank.com/all-news/risk-vs-reward-top-rank-innovation-boxing/|url-status=live}}</ref> along with several others, including [[Bob Arum]], who later founded [[Top Rank#Main Bout|Top Rank]].<ref name="Ezra105">{{cite book|last=Ezra|first=Michael|title=The Economic Civil Rights Movement: African Americans and the Struggle for Economic Power|date=2013|publisher=[[Routledge]]|isbn=9781136274756|page=105|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DL41bsCigZcC&pg=PA105|language=en|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=October 31, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031223028/https://books.google.com/books?id=DL41bsCigZcC&pg=PA105#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:Muhammad Ali 1966.jpg|thumb|left|Ali in 1966]]
Ali and then-[[World Boxing Association|WBA]] heavyweight champion boxer [[Ernie Terrell]] had agreed to meet for a bout in Chicago on March 29, 1966 (the WBA, one of two boxing associations, had stripped Ali of his title following his signing a rematch with Liston <ref>Honolulu Star-Bulletin. Honolulu, Hawaii. September 14, 1964</ref> But in February Ali was reclassified by the Louisville draft board as 1-A from 1-Y, and he indicated that he would refuse to serve, commenting to the press, "I ain't got nothing against no [[Viet Cong]]; no Viet Cong never called me nigger."<ref>{{cite news |last=Shalit |first=Nevin I. |title=Muhammad Ali: Losing the Real Title |url=http://www.thecrimson.com/article/1980/7/15/muhammad-ali-losing-the-real-title/ |newspaper=The Harvard Crimson |date=July 15, 1980 |access-date=August 19, 2015 |archive-date=September 15, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915114003/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1980/7/15/muhammad-ali-losing-the-real-title/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Amidst the media and public outcry over Ali's stance, the Illinois Athletic Commission refused to sanction the fight, citing technicalities.<ref>{{cite magazine |magazine=[[Sports Illustrated]] |title=He Could Go To Jail And Still Be Champ |date=August 28, 1967 |first1=Angelo |last1=Dundee |first2=Tex |last2=Maule}}</ref>
Instead, Ali traveled to Canada and Europe and won championship bouts against [[George Chuvalo]], [[Henry Cooper]], [[Brian London]] and [[Karl Mildenberger]].
Ali returned to the United States to fight [[Cleveland Williams]] in the Houston Astrodome on November 14, 1966. The bout drew a record-breaking indoor crowd of 35,460 people. Williams had once been considered among the hardest punchers in the heavyweight division, but in 1964 he had been shot at point-blank range with a [[.357 Magnum]] by a Texas policeman, resulting in the loss of one kidney and {{convert|10|ft|m}} of his small intestine. Ali dominated Williams, winning a third-round technical knockout in what some consider the finest performance of his career.
Ali fought Terrell in Houston on February 6, 1967. Terrell, who was unbeaten in five years and had defeated many of the boxers Ali had faced, was billed as Ali's toughest opponent since Liston; he was big, strong and had a three-inch reach advantage over Ali. During the lead up to the bout, Terrell repeatedly called Ali "Clay", much to Ali's annoyance. The two almost came to blows over the name issue in a pre-fight interview with [[Howard Cosell]]. Ali seemed intent on humiliating Terrell. "I want to torture him", he said. "A clean knockout is too good for him."<ref>{{cite magazine|first=Tex |last=Maule |url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1079523/1/index.htm |title=Cruel Ali With All The Skills |date=February 13, 1967 |magazine=Sports Illustrated |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130309201457/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1079523/1/index.htm |archive-date=March 9, 2013}}</ref> The fight was close until the seventh round, when Ali bloodied Terrell and almost knocked him out. In the eighth round, Ali taunted Terrell, hitting him with jabs and shouting between punches, "What's my name, Uncle Tom ... what's my name?" Ali won a unanimous 15-round decision. Terrell claimed that early in the fight Ali deliberately thumbed him in the eye, forcing him to fight half-blind, and then, in a clinch, rubbed the wounded eye against the ropes. Because of Ali's apparent intent to prolong the fight to inflict maximum punishment, critics described the bout as "one of the ugliest boxing fights." [[Tex Maule]] later wrote: "It was a wonderful demonstration of boxing skill and a barbarous display of cruelty." Ali denied the accusations of cruelty but, for Ali's critics, the fight provided more evidence of his arrogance.
After Ali's title defense against [[Zora Folley]] on March 22, he was stripped of his title due to his refusal to be drafted to army service.<ref name="greatath">{{cite book| last = Johnson| first = Rafer| title = Great Athletes| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=TnIAPwAACAAJ| edition = revised| volume = 1| date = February 1, 2002| publisher = Salem Press| isbn = 978-1-58765-008-6| pages = 38–41| access-date = April 15, 2019| archive-date = October 31, 2023| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231031223020/https://books.google.com/books?id=TnIAPwAACAAJ| url-status = live}}</ref> His boxing license was also suspended by the state of New York. He was convicted of draft evasion on June 20 and sentenced to five years in prison and a $10,000 fine. He paid a bond and remained free while the verdict was being appealed.
== Exile and comeback ==
In March 1966, Ali [[Draft evasion in the Vietnam War|refused to be inducted into the armed forces]]. He was systematically denied a boxing license in every state and stripped of his passport. As a result, he did not fight from March 1967 to October 1970—from ages 25 to almost 29—as his case worked its way through the appeals process before his conviction was overturned in 1971. During this time of inactivity, as [[opposition to the Vietnam War]] began to grow and Ali's stance gained sympathy, he spoke at colleges across the nation, criticizing the Vietnam War and advocating African-American pride and racial justice.
=== ''The Super Fight'' ===
{{Main|The Super Fight}}
While banned from sanctioned bouts, Ali settled a $1 million lawsuit against radio producer Murray Woroner by accepting $10,000 to appear in a privately staged fantasy fight against retired champion Rocky Marciano.<ref name="Enterprise News Sep 2009">{{cite news |title=Ali vs. Marciano: Who wins? |url=http://www.enterprisenews.com/article/20090901/News/309019646 |work=The Enterprise |date=September 1, 2009 |access-date=July 19, 2016 |archive-date=September 14, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160914161353/http://www.enterprisenews.com/article/20090901/News/309019646 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1969 the boxers were filmed sparring for about 75 one-minute rounds; they acted out several different endings.<ref name="The Guardian Nov 2012">{{cite web| title = The forgotten story of ... the Rocky Marciano v Muhammad Ali Super Fight| url = https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2012/nov/13/forgotten-story-rocky-marciano-muhammad-ali| date = November 13, 2012| work = The Guardian| access-date = April 15, 2019| archive-date = July 25, 2023| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230725193639/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2012/nov/13/forgotten-story-rocky-marciano-muhammad-ali| url-status = live}}</ref> A computer program purportedly determined the winner, based on data about the fighters. Edited versions of the bout were shown in movie theaters in 1970. In the U.S. version Ali lost in a simulated 13th-round knockout, but in the European version Marciano lost due to cuts, also simulated.<ref name="Bingham 218">{{cite book|title=Muhammad Ali's Greatest Fight: Cassius Clay vs. the United States of America|first1= Howard|last1=Bingham|first2=Max|last2=Wallace|publisher=M. Evans|page = 218|year=2000}}</ref>
Ali suggested that prejudice determined his defeat in the U.S. version. He was reported to jokingly say, "That computer was made in Alabama."<ref name="Enterprise News Sep 2009"/>
== Return to prizefighting ==
On August 11, 1970, with his case still in appeal, Ali was granted a license to box by the City of Atlanta Athletic Commission, thanks to State Senator [[Leroy Johnson (Georgia politician)|Leroy R. Johnson]].<ref>{{cite magazine |first=John H. |last=Britton |title=Ga. Senator Gets TKOed By His Political 'Friends' |magazine=Jet |date=March 4, 1971 |pages=52–54}}</ref> Ali's first return bout was against [[Jerry Quarry]] on October 26, resulting in a win after three rounds after Quarry was cut.
A month earlier, a victory in federal court forced the New York State Boxing Commission to reinstate Ali's license.<ref name=cgnyrl >{{cite news |url=http://palmbeachpost.newspapers.com/image/132677737/?terms=%22Clay%2Bgranted%2BNew%2BYork%2Bring%2Blicense%22 |newspaper=The Palm Beach Post |agency=Associated Press |title=Clay granted New York ring license |date=September 15, 1970 |page=B4 |url-access=subscription |access-date=April 15, 2019 |archive-date=September 12, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160912212056/http://palmbeachpost.newspapers.com/image/132677737/?terms=%22Clay%2Bgranted%2BNew%2BYork%2Bring%2Blicense%22 |url-status=live }}</ref> He fought [[Oscar Bonavena]] at Madison Square Garden in December, an uninspired performance that ended in a dramatic [[technical knockout]] of Bonavena in the 15th round. The win left Ali as a top contender against heavyweight champion [[Joe Frazier]].
=== First fight against Joe Frazier ===
{{Main|Joe Frazier vs. Muhammad Ali}}
Ali and Frazier's first fight, held at the Garden on March 8, 1971, was nicknamed the "[[Fight of the Century]]", due to the tremendous excitement surrounding a bout between two undefeated fighters, each with a legitimate claim as heavyweight champions. Veteran boxing writer John Condon called it "the greatest event I've ever worked on in my life." The bout was broadcast to 35 foreign countries; promoters granted 760 press passes.<ref name="Hauser 2004">{{Harvnb|Hauser|2012}}{{page needed|date=August 2022}}</ref>
Adding to the atmosphere were the considerable pre-fight theatrics and name calling. Ali portrayed Frazier as a "dumb tool of the white establishment." "Frazier is too ugly to be champ", Ali said. "Frazier is too dumb to be champ." Ali also frequently called Frazier an "Uncle Tom". Dave Wolf, who worked in Frazier's camp, recalled that, "Ali was saying 'the only people rooting for Joe Frazier are white people in suits, Alabama sheriffs, and members of the [[Ku Klux Klan]]. I'm fighting for the little man in the ghetto.' Joe was sitting there, smashing his fist into the palm of his hand, saying, 'What the fuck does he know about the ghetto?{{' "}}<ref name="Hauser 2004"/>
Ali began training at a farm near [[Reading, Pennsylvania]], in 1971 and, finding the country setting to his liking, sought to develop a [[Muhammad Ali's Deer Lake Training Camp|real training camp]] in the countryside. He found a five-acre site on a Pennsylvania country road in the village of Deer Lake, Pennsylvania. On this site, Ali carved out what was to become his training camp, where he trained for all his fights from 1972 to the end of his career in 1981.
The Monday night fight lived up to its billing. In a preview of their two other fights, a crouching, bobbing and weaving Frazier constantly pressured Ali, getting hit regularly by Ali jabs and combinations, but relentlessly attacking and scoring repeatedly, especially to Ali's body. The fight was even in the early rounds, but Ali was taking more punishment than ever in his career. On several occasions in the early rounds he played to the crowd and shook his head "no" after he was hit. In the later rounds—in what was the first appearance of the "[[rope-a-dope]] strategy"—Ali leaned against the ropes and absorbed punishment from Frazier, hoping to tire him. In the 11th round, Frazier connected with a left hook that wobbled Ali, but because it appeared that Ali might be clowning as he staggered backwards across the ring, Frazier hesitated to press his advantage, fearing an Ali counter-attack. In the final round, Frazier knocked Ali down with a vicious left hook, which referee [[Arthur Mercante]] said was as hard as a man can be hit. Ali was back on his feet in three seconds.<ref name="Hauser 2004"/> Nevertheless, Ali lost by unanimous decision, his first professional defeat.
=== Chamberlain challenge and Ellis fight ===
{{Main|Muhammad Ali vs. Jimmy Ellis}}
In 1971, basketball star [[Wilt Chamberlain]] challenged Ali to a fight, and a bout was scheduled for July 26. Although the seven-foot-two-inch tall Chamberlain had formidable physical advantages over Ali— weighing 60{{nbsp}}pounds more and able to reach 14{{nbsp}}inches further —Ali was able to influence Chamberlain into calling off the bout by taunting him with calls of "Timber!" and "The tree will fall" during a shared interview. These statements of confidence unsettled his taller opponent, whom [[Los Angeles Lakers]] owner [[Jack Kent Cooke]] had offered a record-setting contract, conditional on Chamberlain agreeing to abandon what Cooke termed "this boxing foolishness,"<ref>{{cite news|title=Ali's Remark Ended Wilt's Ring Career|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1989-01-15/sports/sp-979_1_wilt-s-ring-career|at=Morning Briefing|work=Los Angeles Times|date=January 15, 1989|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=June 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603030813/http://articles.latimes.com/1989-01-15/sports/sp-979_1_wilt-s-ring-career|url-status=live}}</ref> and he did exactly that.<ref>{{cite news|last1=O'Reilly|first1=Terry|title=Achilles Heel Advertising: Repositioning the Competition|url=http://www.cbc.ca/radio/undertheinfluence/achilles-heel-advertising-repositioning-the-competition-1.3473631|access-date=August 30, 2018|publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|date=March 3, 2016|archive-date=March 28, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160328021008/http://www.cbc.ca/radio/undertheinfluence/achilles-heel-advertising-repositioning-the-competition-1.3473631|url-status=live}}</ref> To replace Ali's opponent, promoter [[Bob Arum]] quickly booked a former sparring partner of Ali's, [[Jimmy Ellis (boxer)|Jimmy Ellis]], who was a childhood friend from [[Louisville, Kentucky]], to fight him.
=== Fights against Quarry, Patterson, Foster and Norton ===
After the loss to Frazier, Ali fought Jerry Quarry, had a second bout with Floyd Patterson and faced [[Bob Foster (boxer)|Bob Foster]] in 1972, winning a total of six fights that year. In 1973, [[Ken Norton]] broke Ali's jaw while giving him the second loss of his career. After initially considering retirement, Ali won a controversial decision against Norton in their second bout. This led to a rematch with Joe Frazier at Madison Square Garden on January 28, 1974; Frazier had recently lost his title to George Foreman.
=== Second fight against Joe Frazier ===
{{Main|Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Frazier II}}
Ali was strong in the early rounds of the fight, and staggered Frazier in the second round. Referee Tony Perez mistakenly thought he heard the bell ending the round and stepped between the two fighters as Ali was pressing his attack, giving Frazier time to recover. However, Frazier came on in the middle rounds, snapping Ali's head in round seven and driving him to the ropes at the end of round eight. The last four rounds saw round-to-round shifts in momentum between the two fighters. Throughout most of the bout, however, Ali was able to circle away from Frazier's dangerous left hook and to tie Frazier up when he was cornered, the latter a tactic that Frazier's camp complained of bitterly. Judges awarded Ali a unanimous decision.
== World heavyweight champion (second reign) ==
=== ''The Rumble in the Jungle'' ===
{{Main|The Rumble in the Jungle}}
The defeat of Frazier set the stage for a title fight against heavyweight champion [[George Foreman]] in Kinshasa, [[Zaire]], on October 30, 1974—a bout nicknamed ''[[The Rumble in the Jungle]]''. Foreman was considered one of the hardest punchers in heavyweight history. In assessing the fight, analysts pointed out that [[Joe Frazier]] and [[Ken Norton]], who had given Ali four tough battles and won two of them, had both been devastated by Foreman in second-round knockouts. Ali was 32 years old, and had clearly lost speed and reflexes since his twenties. Contrary to his later persona, Foreman was at the time a brooding and intimidating presence. Almost no-one associated with the sport, not even Ali's long-time supporter [[Howard Cosell]], gave the former champion a chance of winning.
[[File:WORLD HEAVYWEIGHT BOXING CHAMPION MUHAMMAD ALI, A BLACK MUSLIM, ATTENDS THE SECT'S SERVICE TO HEAR ELIJAH MUHAMMAD... - NARA - 556247.jpg|thumb|Ali in 1974]]
As usual, Ali was confident and colorful before the fight. He told interviewer [[David Frost]], "If you think the world was surprised when Nixon resigned, wait 'til I whup Foreman's behind!"<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1aGHpXt_hMc |title=Muhammad Ali- The Rumble In The Jungle(Interview) |publisher=YouTube |date=March 22, 1967 |access-date=September 3, 2013 |archive-date=February 2, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202235829/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1aGHpXt_hMc |url-status=live }}</ref> He told the press, "I've done something new for this fight. I done wrestled with an alligator, I done tussled with a whale; handcuffed lightning, thrown thunder in jail; only last week, I murdered a rock, injured a stone, hospitalized a brick; I'm so mean I make medicine sick."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dGk0R63C0eM |title=Muhammad Ali Inspirational Speech (Cassius Clay Boxing Motivation) |publisher=YouTube |date=September 14, 2012 |access-date=September 3, 2013 |archive-date=March 17, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130317021119/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dGk0R63C0eM |url-status=live }}</ref> Ali was wildly popular in Zaire, with crowds chanting "Ali, bomaye" ("Ali, kill him") wherever he went.
Ali opened the fight moving and scoring with right crosses to Foreman's head. Then, beginning in the second round, and to the consternation of his corner, Ali retreated to the ropes and invited Foreman to hit him while covering up, clinching and counter-punching, all while verbally taunting Foreman. The move, which would later become known as the "[[Rope-a-dope]]", so violated conventional boxing wisdom—letting one of the hardest hitters in boxing strike at will—that at ringside writer [[George Plimpton]] thought the fight had to be fixed.<ref name="Hauser 2004"/> Foreman, increasingly angered, threw punches that were deflected and did not land squarely. Midway through the fight, as Foreman began tiring, Ali countered more frequently and effectively with punches and flurries, which electrified the pro-Ali crowd. In the eighth round, Ali dropped an exhausted Foreman with a combination at center ring; Foreman failed to make the count. Against the odds, and amidst pandemonium in the ring, Ali had regained the title by knockout. Reflecting on the fight, George Foreman later said: "I thought Ali was just one more knockout victim until, about the seventh round, I hit him hard to the jaw and he held me and whispered in my ear: 'That all you got, George?' I realized that this ain't what I thought it was."<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Foreman |first=George |url=http://www.shortlist.com/entertainment/sport/george-foreman-on-ali |title=George Foreman on why Muhammad Ali was so much more than a 'boxer' |magazine=[[ShortList]] |date=January 2012 |access-date=June 6, 2016 |archive-date=June 11, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611144417/http://www.shortlist.com/entertainment/sport/george-foreman-on-ali |url-status=live }}</ref>
=== Fights against Wepner, Lyle and Bugner ===
Ali's next opponents included [[Chuck Wepner]], [[Ron Lyle]], and [[Joe Bugner]]. Wepner, a journeyman known as "The Bayonne Bleeder", stunned Ali with a "knockdown" in the ninth round; Ali would later say he tripped on Wepner's foot, or that Wepner had actually stepped on Ali's foot and he lost his balance. Wepner also admitted that is what happened in a later interview.{{citation needed|date=January 2024}} It was a bout that would inspire [[Sylvester Stallone]] to create the acclaimed film, ''[[Rocky]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/2006/08/10/rocky-stallone-settlement-cx_rs_0810autofacescan04|title=Stallone Settles With The 'Real' Rocky|first=R. M.|last=Schneiderman|website=Forbes|access-date=April 18, 2019|archive-date=April 18, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190418224955/https://www.forbes.com/2006/08/10/rocky-stallone-settlement-cx_rs_0810autofacescan04|url-status=live}}</ref>
=== Third fight against Joe Frazier ===
{{Main|Thrilla in Manila}}
Ali then agreed to a third match with Joe Frazier in [[Manila]]. The bout, known as the "[[Thrilla in Manila]]", was held on October 1, 1975,<ref name="greatath"/> in temperatures approaching {{convert|100|°F|°C}}. In the first rounds, Ali was aggressive, moving and exchanging blows with Frazier. However, Ali soon appeared to tire and adopted the "rope-a-dope" strategy, frequently resorting to clinches. During this part of the bout Ali did some effective counter-punching, but for the most part absorbed punishment from a relentlessly attacking Frazier. In the 12th round, Frazier began to tire, and Ali scored several sharp blows that closed Frazier's left eye and opened a cut over his right eye. With Frazier's vision now diminished, Ali dominated the 13th and 14th rounds, at times conducting what boxing historian Mike Silver called "target practice" on Frazier's head. The fight was stopped when Frazier's trainer, Eddie Futch, refused to allow Frazier to answer the bell for the 15th and final round, despite Frazier's protests. Frazier's eyes were both swollen shut. Ali, in his corner, winner by TKO, slumped on his stool, clearly spent.
An ailing Ali said afterwards that the fight "was the closest thing to dying that I know", and, when later asked if he had viewed the fight on videotape, reportedly said, "Why would I want to go back and see Hell?" After the fight he cited Frazier as "the greatest fighter of all times next to me."
== Later career ==
[[File:Anderson ali.jpg|thumb|Ali being interviewed by [[WBAL-TV]]'s [[Curt Anderson]], 1978, Baltimore, Maryland]]
Following the Manila bout, Ali fought [[Jean-Pierre Coopman]], [[Jimmy Young (boxer)|Jimmy Young]], and [[Richard Dunn (boxer)|Richard Dunn]], winning the last by knockout.
On June 1, 1976, Ali removed his shirt and jacket and confronted [[professional wrestler]] [[Gorilla Monsoon]] in the ring after his match at a [[World Wide Wrestling Federation]] show in [[Philadelphia Arena]]. After dodging a few punches, Monsoon put Ali in an [[airplane spin]] and dumped him to the mat. Ali stumbled to the corner, where his associate [[Butch Lewis]] convinced him to walk away.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://boxinghalloffame.com/muhammad-ali-boxing-a-monsoon/|title=Muhammad Ali Boxing a Monsoon – Boxing Hall of Fame|date=December 29, 2012|publisher=boxinghalloffame.com|access-date=June 9, 2016|archive-date=September 16, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150916221053/http://boxinghalloffame.com/muhammad-ali-boxing-a-monsoon/|url-status=live}}</ref>
On June 26, 1976, Ali participated in [[Muhammad Ali vs. Antonio Inoki|an exhibition bout]] in Tokyo against Japanese professional wrestler and martial artist [[Antonio Inoki]].<ref name="sweetScience">{{cite web|last=Tallent |first=Aaron |title=The Joke That Almost Ended Ali's Career |url=http://www.thesweetscience.com/articles-of-2005/1716-the-joke-that-almost-ended-ali-s-career |access-date=December 4, 2007 |publisher=The Sweet Science |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160709012841/http://www.thesweetscience.com/articles-of-2005/1716-the-joke-that-almost-ended-ali-s-career |archive-date=July 9, 2016 }}</ref> Ali was only able to land two jabs while Inoki's kicks caused two blood clots and an infection that almost resulted in Ali's leg being amputated.<ref name="sweetScience" /><ref name="leastMemorable">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/06/sports/who-lost-when-muhammad-ali-fought-a-pro-wrestler-the-fans.html|title=Ali's Least Memorable Fight|first=Victor|last=Mather|newspaper=The New York Times|date=June 5, 2016|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 30, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220730031616/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/06/sports/who-lost-when-muhammad-ali-fought-a-pro-wrestler-the-fans.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The match was not scripted and ultimately declared a draw.<ref name="sweetScience" /> After Ali's death, ''The New York Times'' declared it his least memorable fight.<ref name="leastMemorable" /> Most boxing commentators at the time viewed the fight negatively and hoped it would be forgotten as some considered it a "15-round farce."<ref name="forgottenInfluence">{{cite news|last1=Gross|first1=Josh|title=Muhammad Ali's Forgotten Fight Was Also One of His Most Influential|url=http://www.newsweek.com/muhammad-ali-antonio-inoki-mixed-martial-arts-ufc-japan-mma-boxing-wrestling-474502|access-date=April 10, 2018|publisher=Newsweek|date=June 25, 2016|archive-date=April 26, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190426153926/https://www.newsweek.com/muhammad-ali-antonio-inoki-mixed-martial-arts-ufc-japan-mma-boxing-wrestling-474502|url-status=live}}</ref> Today it is considered by some to be one of Ali's most influential fights and CBS Sports said the attention the mixed-style bout received "foretold the arrival of standardized [[MMA]] years later."<ref name="forgottenInfluence" /><ref>{{cite news|last=Burkholder|first=Denny|url=http://www.cbssports.com/general/news/how-muhammad-alis-fascination-with-pro-wrestling-fueled-his-career-inspired-mma/|title=How Muhammad Ali's fascination with pro wrestling fueled his career, inspired MMA|work=[[CBS Sports]]|date=June 6, 2016|access-date=June 11, 2016|archive-date=August 7, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220807202007/https://www.cbssports.com/general/news/how-muhammad-alis-fascination-with-pro-wrestling-fueled-his-career-inspired-mma/|url-status=live}}</ref>
Ali fought Ken Norton for the third time in September 1976. The bout, which was held at [[Yankee Stadium (1923)|Yankee Stadium]], resulted in Ali winning a heavily contested decision that was loudly booed by the audience. Afterwards, he announced he was retiring from boxing to practice his faith, having converted to [[Sunni Islam]] after falling out with the Nation of Islam the previous year.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.newspaperarchive.com/SiteMap/FreePdfPreview.aspx?img=110827611%3Fsec%3DSports|title=Champion Ali Quits Boxing|work=The Paris News|page=12|access-date=October 19, 2011|date=October 1, 1976|archive-date=June 7, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120607021747/http://www.newspaperarchive.com/SiteMap/FreePdfPreview.aspx?img=110827611%3Fsec%3DSports|url-status=live}}</ref>
After returning to box in two exhibition bouts in April 1977 against a then 18-year-old [[Michael Dokes]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Muhammad Ali vs Michael Dokes(1977 Exhibition) – BoxRec|url=https://boxrec.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=184126|access-date=July 18, 2021|website=boxrec.com|archive-date=July 18, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210718100952/https://boxrec.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=184126|url-status=live}}</ref> and journeyman Jody Ballard, Ali successfully defended his title for the 9th time against [[Alfredo Evangelista]] in May. Ali fought again in September 1977, struggling in a 10th title defence against hard-hitting contender [[Earnie Shavers]]. Ali was hurt in the second round but ultimately won the fight by another unanimous decision. The bout caused his long-time doctor [[Ferdie Pacheco]] to quit after he was rebuffed for telling Ali he should retire. Pacheco was quoted as saying, "the New York State Athletic Commission gave me a report that showed Ali's kidneys were falling apart. I wrote to Angelo Dundee, Ali's trainer, his wife and Ali himself. I got nothing back in response. That's when I decided enough is enough."<ref name="Hauser 2004"/>
In February 1978, Ali faced [[Leon Spinks]] at the Hilton Hotel in [[Las Vegas]]. At the time, Spinks had only seven professional fights to his credit, and had recently fought a draw with journeyman Scott LeDoux. Ali sparred less than two dozen rounds in preparation for the fight, and was out of shape. He lost the title by split decision. Ali sought to regain his title however, and a rematch was scheduled for the fall of 1978.
Ali started training early and even travelled to Moscow, Russia to box in three exhibition fights in June of that year against Soviet Amateur champion [[Igor Vysotsky]], [[Pyotr Zayev|Pyotar Zayev]] and Yevgeny Gorstkov.<ref>{{Citation|title=Boxing 1978 Highlights 3 X Heavyweight Exhibition Bouts Muhammad Ali Vs Pyotar Zayev + Yevge|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SNw9cKQJuc8|language=en|access-date=July 18, 2021|archive-date=July 18, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210718105923/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SNw9cKQJuc8|url-status=live}}</ref> Embarrassed by the Spinks loss, Ali purportedly sparred over 200 rounds in his preparation for the rematch, seemingly determined to regain his title. The Spinks rematch took place in September 1978 at the [[Mercedes-Benz Superdome|Superdome]] in New Orleans, Louisiana. A then-record 63,350 people attended the bout<ref>{{Cite web|last=Diaz|first=Greydy|date=September 12, 2018|title=The day Muhammad Ali beat Leon Spinks in a 15-round rematch for a historic third heavyweight title|url=https://andscape.com/features/the-day-muhammad-ali-beat-leon-spinks-in-a-15-round-rematch-for-a-historic-third-heavyweight-title/|access-date=July 18, 2021|website=[[Andscape]]|language=en-US|archive-date=August 11, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220811121227/https://andscape.com/features/the-day-muhammad-ali-beat-leon-spinks-in-a-15-round-rematch-for-a-historic-third-heavyweight-title/|url-status=live}}</ref> and paid a total of $6 million in admission, making it the largest live gate in boxing history at that time.<ref name="Times-Picayune, New Orleans, Peter Finney's column from 1978">[http://www.nola.com/sports/index.ssf/2016/06/read_peter_finneys_column_from.html Read Peter Finney's column on Ali vs. Spinks 2 at the Superdome in 1978] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180419053449/http://www.nola.com/sports/index.ssf/2016/06/read_peter_finneys_column_from.html |date=April 19, 2018 }}, ''The Times-Picayune'' NOLA.com (New Orleans, LA.), re-posted on June 4, 2016.</ref> A fitter and sharper Ali, although noticeably slower than his prime years, danced around Spinks and scored from range for the majority of the bout, holding his much younger opponent every time he got in close. Ali won a well deserved unanimous decision, with referee Lucien Joubert scoring rounds 10–4, judge Ernie Cojoe 10–4, and judge Herman Preis 11–4. This made Ali the first heavyweight champion to win the lineal title three times.<ref>''Muhammad Ali, The Glory Years'', Felix Dennis and Don Atyeo, p. 258.</ref><ref name="RingsideReport.com, Kevin Kincade, 2016">[http://ringsidereport.com/?p=63321 The Last Flight of the Butterfly: Remembering Ali vs Spinks II] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180419053533/http://ringsidereport.com/?p=63321 |date=April 19, 2018 }}, RingsideReport.com, Kevin "The Voice" Kincade, September 22, 2016.</ref>
Following this win, on July 27, 1979, Ali announced his retirement from boxing. His retirement was short-lived, however; Ali announced his comeback to face [[Larry Holmes]] for the WBC belt in an attempt to win the heavyweight championship an unprecedented fourth time. The fight was largely motivated by Ali's need for money. Holmes' trainer Richie Giachetti said, "Larry didn't want to fight Ali. He knew Ali had nothing left; he knew it would be a horror."
It was around this time that Ali started struggling with vocal stutters and trembling hands.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2012/12/21/us/muhammad-ali---fast-facts/ |title=Muhammad Ali Fast Facts |publisher=CNN |access-date=February 20, 2013 |archive-date=March 27, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130327055610/http://edition.cnn.com/2012/12/21/us/muhammad-ali---fast-facts |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[Nevada Athletic Commission]] (NAC) ordered that he undergo a complete physical in Las Vegas before being allowed to fight again. Ali chose instead to check into the [[Mayo Clinic]], who declared him fit to fight. Their opinion was accepted by the NAC on July 31, 1980, paving the way for Ali's return to the ring.<ref name="LVSun 50">{{cite news |url=http://www.lasvegassun.com/muhammad-ali/timeline/ |title=Timeline: Fifty years of Las Vegas memories for Muhammad Ali |newspaper=Las Vegas Sun |access-date=November 12, 2013 |last=Koch |first=Ed |archive-date=November 12, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112134317/http://www.lasvegassun.com/muhammad-ali/timeline/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
The fight took place on October 2, 1980, in Las Vegas Valley, with Holmes easily dominating Ali, who was weakened from thyroid medication he had taken to lose weight. Giachetti called the fight "awful ... the worst sports event I ever had to cover." Actor [[Sylvester Stallone]] was at ringside and said that it was like watching an autopsy on a man who is still alive.<ref name="Hauser 2004"/> In the eleventh round, Angelo Dundee told the referee to stop the fight, making it the only time that Ali ever lost by [[technical knockout|stoppage]]. After the fight, Holmes went back to his dressing room and cried. The Holmes fight is said to have contributed to Ali's Parkinson's syndrome.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/27/arts/television/27muhammad.html | work=The New York Times | title=Boxing King Casts His Shadow, Even at Time of Defeat | date=October 26, 2009 | access-date=March 5, 2012 | first1=Mike | last1=Hale | archive-date=March 10, 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120310053609/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/27/arts/television/27muhammad.html? | url-status=live }}</ref> Despite pleas to definitively retire, Ali fought one last time on December 11, 1981, in Nassau, [[Bahamas]], against [[Trevor Berbick]], losing a ten-round decision.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ali to try again? |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1870&dat=19810816&id=9_EwAAAAIBAJ&pg=2603,113296&hl=en |newspaper=The Daytona Beach Sunday News-Journal |agency=Associated Press |date=August 16, 1981 |access-date=June 4, 2016 |archive-date=August 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210828083317/https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1870&dat=19810816&id=9_EwAAAAIBAJ&pg=2603%2C113296&hl=en |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=It's all over for Ali after loss |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2199&dat=19811212&id=XKUyAAAAIBAJ&pg=3700,2405394&hl=en |newspaper=Lawrence Journal-World |agency=Associated Press |date=December 12, 1981 |access-date=June 4, 2016 |archive-date=September 29, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210929102632/https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2199&dat=19811212&id=XKUyAAAAIBAJ&pg=3700,2405394&hl=en |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |first=William |last=Nack |author-link=William Nack |title=Not with a bang but a whisper |url=https://www.si.com/vault/1981/12/21/826243/not-with-a-bang-but-a-whisper-after-losing-to-trevor-berbick-a-subdued-muhammad-ali-softly-admitted-that-his-illustrious-career-had-come-to-an-end |magazine=Sports Illustrated |date=December 21, 1981 |access-date=June 4, 2016 |archive-date=June 9, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160609212952/http://www.si.com/vault/1981/12/21/826243/not-with-a-bang-but-a-whisper-after-losing-to-trevor-berbick-a-subdued-muhammad-ali-softly-admitted-that-his-illustrious-career-had-come-to-an-end |url-status=live }}</ref>
By the end of his boxing career Ali had absorbed 200,000 hits.<ref name="veconomist" >{{cite news|title=A new biography of Muhammad Ali|url=https://www.economist.com/news/books-and-arts/21730621-downfall-tragic-rebellious-hero-new-biography-muhammad-ali|newspaper=[[The Economist]]|date=October 26, 2017|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=October 26, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171026191204/https://www.economist.com/news/books-and-arts/21730621-downfall-tragic-rebellious-hero-new-biography-muhammad-ali|url-status=live}}</ref>
==Boxing style==
{{See also|Muhammad Ali's Training Camp|Slipping}}
[[File:Muhammad Ali's boxing gloves.jpg|thumb|Muhammad Ali's boxing gloves are preserved in the [[Smithsonian Institution]] National Museum of American History.]]
Ali had a highly unorthodox boxing style for a heavyweight (210 pounds), epitomized by his catchphrase "float like a butterfly, sting like a bee." Never an overpowering puncher, Ali relied early in his career on his incredible hand speed, superb reflexes and constant movement, dancing and circling opponents for most of the fight, holding his hands low and lashing out with a quick, cutting left jab that he threw from unpredictable angles. His footwork was so strong that it was extremely difficult for opponents to cut down the ring and corner Ali against the ropes. He was also able to quickly dodge punches with his speed, head movement, dancing and footwork.{{citation needed|date=June 2016}}
One of Ali's greatest tricks was to make opponents overcommit by pulling straight backward from punches. Disciplined, world-class boxers chased Ali and threw themselves off balance attempting to hit him because he seemed to be an open target, only missing and leaving themselves exposed to Ali's counter punches, usually a chopping right.<ref>{{cite web |last=Slack |first=Jack |url=http://www.bloodyelbow.com/2013/1/24/3908574/muhammad-ali-boxing-technique-jack-slack |title=Pulling Back the Curtain on Muhammad Ali |publisher=Bloody Elbow |date=January 24, 2013 |access-date=July 2, 2013 |archive-date=July 13, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130713121233/http://www.bloodyelbow.com/2013/1/24/3908574/muhammad-ali-boxing-technique-jack-slack |url-status=live }}</ref> Slow motion replays show that this was precisely the way Sonny Liston was hit and apparently knocked out by Ali in their second fight.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=prxnGjKjxoo |title=Muhammad Ali knockout Sonny Liston in Slow Motion HD |publisher=YouTube |date=October 30, 1974 |access-date=September 3, 2013 |archive-date=September 27, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927082423/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=prxnGjKjxoo |url-status=live }}</ref> Ali often flaunted his movement by dancing the "Ali Shuffle", a sort of center-ring jig.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.quotedb.com/quotes/3980 |title=Float like a butterfly, sting like a bee. by Muhammad Ali |publisher=Quotedb.com |access-date=December 5, 2010 |archive-date=December 9, 2012 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121209032439/http://www.quotedb.com/quotes/3980 |url-status=live }}</ref> Ali's early style was so unusual that he was initially discounted because he reminded boxing writers of a lightweight, and it was assumed he would be vulnerable to big hitters like Sonny Liston.{{citation needed|date=June 2016}}
Jimmy Jacobs, who co-managed Mike Tyson, used a synchronizer to measure young Ali's punching speed versus Sugar Ray Robinson, a welter/middleweight who was considered pound-for-pound the best fighter in history. Ali was 25% faster than Robinson, even though Ali was 45–50{{nbsp}}pounds heavier.<ref name="Gallenger">Paul Gallenger, ''Sonny Liston''.</ref> Ali's punches produced approximately 1,000{{nbsp}}pounds of force.<ref>{{cite book | first=Phillip |last=Starr| title =Martial Mechanics: Maximum Results with Minimum Effort in the Practice of Martial Arts| publisher =Blue Snake Books| year =2008| page =13| isbn =978-1583942116}}</ref> "No matter what his opponents heard about him, they didn't realize how fast he was until they got in the ring with him", Jacobs said.<ref>{{cite book | first=Thomas |last=Hauser| title =Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times| publisher =Open Road Media| year =2012| page =<!-- not numbered -->| isbn =978-1453250631|edition=Enhanced}}</ref> The effect of Ali's punches was cumulative.<!-- "Ali would rub you out", said Floyd Patterson. "He would hit you 14,000 times and he wouldn't knock you out, he rubbed you out."{{Cite quote| date=September 2014}}--> [[Charlie Powell]], who fought Ali early in Ali's career and was knocked out in the third round, said: "When he first hit me I said to myself, 'I can take two of these to get one in myself.' But in a little while I found myself getting dizzier and dizzier every time he hit me. He throws punches so easily that you don't realize how much they hurt you until it's too late."<ref name=Mee/>
Commenting on fighting the young Ali, George Chuvalo said: "He was just so damn fast. When he was young, he moved his legs and hands at the same time. He threw his punches when he was in motion. He'd be out of punching range, and as he moved into range he'd already begun to throw the punch. So if you waited until he got into range to punch back, he beat you every time."<ref name="Hauser 2004"/>
Floyd Patterson said, "It's very hard to hit a moving target, and (Ali) moved all the time, with such grace, three minutes of every round for fifteen rounds. He never stopped. It was extraordinary."<ref name="Hauser 2004"/>
Darrell Foster, who trained Will Smith for the movie ''Ali'', said: "Ali's signature punches were the left jab and the overhand right. But there were at least six different ways Ali used to jab. One was a jab that Ali called the 'snake lick', like cobra striking that comes from the floor almost, really low down. Then there was Ali's rapid-fire jab—three to five jabs in succession rapidly fired at his opponents' eyes to create a blur in [the latter's] face so he wouldn't be able to see [Ali's] right hand coming behind it."<ref>{{cite news |url=http://observer.guardian.co.uk/osm/story/0,,641739,00.html |title=How to ... fight like Muhammad Ali |newspaper=The Observer |date=February 9, 2011 |access-date=July 2, 2013 |archive-date=October 29, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111029172005/http://observer.guardian.co.uk/osm/story/0,,641739,00.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
===Footwork===
{{See also|Footwork (martial arts)}}
An unconventional "dancing" style of [[Footwork (martial arts)|footwork]] was popularized by Ali in the 1960s. He moved side to side, and forward and back, while bouncing on the balls of his feet and dancing around his opponents. This allowed him to quickly move to wherever he wanted in the ring. He also occasionally shuffled his feet back and forth quickly, confusing his opponents before landing a blow, a move called the [[Ali shuffle]].<ref>{{cite web |title=5 Of Muhammad Ali's Signature Boxing Techniques You Can Add To Your Game – Evolve Daily |url=https://evolve-mma.com/blog/5-of-muhammad-alis-signature-boxing-techniques-you-can-add-to-your-game/ |website=[[Evolve MMA]] |access-date=June 15, 2020 |date=June 9, 2019 |archive-date=August 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813025424/https://evolve-mma.com/blog/5-of-muhammad-alis-signature-boxing-techniques-you-can-add-to-your-game/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Willis |first1=George |title=Anatomy of the Ali Shuffle: The dizzying, mesmerizing dance |url=https://nypost.com/2016/06/04/anatomy-of-the-ali-shuffle-the-dizzying-mesmerizing-dance/ |access-date=June 15, 2020 |work=[[New York Post]] |date=June 4, 2016 |archive-date=March 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200328224504/https://nypost.com/2016/06/04/anatomy-of-the-ali-shuffle-the-dizzying-mesmerizing-dance/ |url-status=live }}</ref> His unconventional footwork was referred to as the "dancing legs" at the time.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Anderson |first1=Dave |title=Frazier and Ali: Morality Drama Unfolds |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1971/03/07/archives/frazier-and-ali-morality-drama-unfolds-frazier-and-ali-morality.html |access-date=June 15, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=March 7, 1971 |archive-date=June 15, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200615230055/https://www.nytimes.com/1971/03/07/archives/frazier-and-ali-morality-drama-unfolds-frazier-and-ali-morality.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
Ali's footwork notably influenced [[martial artist]] and actor [[Bruce Lee]], who studied Ali's footwork and incorporated it into his own [[Jeet Kune Do]] style of [[hybrid martial arts]] in the 1960s.<ref>{{cite book |editor-last1=Vaughn |editor-first1=Jack |editor-last2=Lee |editor-first2=Mike |title=The Legendary Bruce Lee |date=1986 |publisher=[[Black Belt Communications]] |isbn=978-0-89750-106-4 |page=127 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D8d_YjWV9k4C&pg=PA127 |access-date=June 16, 2020 |archive-date=November 6, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002028/https://books.google.com/books?id=D8d_YjWV9k4C&pg=PA127#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref>
===Trash-talk===
{{See also|Trash-talk}}
Ali regularly taunted and baited his opponents—including Liston, Frazier, and Foreman—before the fight and often during the bout itself. He said Frazier was "too dumb to be champion", that he would whip Liston "like his Daddy did", that Terrell was an "[[Uncle Tom]]" for refusing to call Ali by his name and continuing to call him Cassius Clay, calling Patterson a "rabbit", and calling Foreman "a mummy". In speaking of how Ali stoked Liston's anger and overconfidence before their first fight, one writer commented that "the most brilliant fight strategy in boxing history was devised by a teenager who had graduated 376 in a class of 391."<ref name="Gallenger"/>
Ali typically portrayed himself as the "people's champion" and his opponent as a tool of the (white) establishment. During the early part of his career, he built a reputation for predicting rounds in which he would finish opponents, often vowing to crawl across the ring or to leave the country if he lost the bout.<ref name="greatath"/> Ali adopted the latter practice from "Gorgeous" [[Gorgeous George|George Wagner]], a professional wrestling champion who drew thousands of fans to his matches as "the man you love to hate."<ref name="greatath"/> When Ali was 19, Wagner, who was in town to wrestle [[Freddie Blassie]] and had crossed paths with Clay,<ref name=georgali /> told the boxer before a bout with Duke Sabedong in Las Vegas,<ref name=georgali /> "A lot of people will pay to see someone shut your mouth. So keep on bragging, keep on sassing and always be outrageous."<ref name="SI"/>
ESPN columnist Ralph Wiley called Ali "The King of Trash Talk".<ref name="ESPN Wiley">{{cite web |last=Wiley |first=Ralph |url=http://espn.go.com/page2/s/wiley/010125.html |title=Jive trash talkin' |publisher=ESPN |date=September 13, 2001 |access-date=September 3, 2013 |archive-date=July 18, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120718073839/http://espn.go.com/page2/s/wiley/010125.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2013, ''The Guardian'' said Ali exemplified boxing's "golden age of [[trash-talk]]ing."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2011/jun/28/boxing-trash-talk-david-haye |title=Boxing trash talk that stings like a bee |work=The Guardian |date=September 28, 2007 |access-date=September 3, 2013 |archive-date=September 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130930100659/http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2011/jun/28/boxing-trash-talk-david-haye |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Bleacher Report]] called Clay's description of Sonny Liston smelling like a bear and his vow to donate him to a zoo after he beat him the greatest trash-talk line in sports history.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bleacherreport.com/articles/1238737-the-50-best-trash-talk-lines-in-sports-history/page/51 |title=The 50 Best Trash Talk Lines in Sports History |publisher=Bleacher Report |access-date=September 3, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131218114136/http://bleacherreport.com/articles/1238737-the-50-best-trash-talk-lines-in-sports-history/page/51 |archive-date=December 18, 2013 }}</ref>
===Rope-a-dope===
{{Further|Rope-a-dope}}
In the opinion of many observers, Ali became a different fighter after the 3½-year layoff. Ferdie Pacheco, Ali's corner physician, noted that he had lost his ability to move and dance as before.<ref name="Hauser 2004"/> This forced Ali to become more stationary and exchange punches more frequently, exposing him to more punishment while indirectly revealing his tremendous ability to take a punch. This physical change led in part to the "[[rope-a-dope]]" strategy, where Ali would lie back on the ropes, cover up to protect himself and conserve energy, and tempt opponents to punch themselves out. Ali often taunted opponents in the process and lashed back with sudden, unexpected combinations. The strategy was dramatically successful in the George Foreman fight, but less so in the first Joe Frazier bout when it was introduced.{{citation needed|date=June 2016}}
===Later years===
Of his later career, Arthur Mercante said: "Ali knew all the tricks. He was the best fighter I ever saw in terms of clinching. Not only did he use it to rest, but he was big and strong and knew how to lean on opponents and push and shove and pull to tire them out. Ali was so smart. Most guys are just in there fighting, but Ali had a sense of everything that was happening, almost as though he was sitting at ringside analyzing the fight while he fought it."<ref name="Hauser 2004"/>
In the mid-1970s, Ali took an interest in [[Asian martial arts]], such as [[karate]] and [[taekwondo]]. The founder of American taekwondo, [[Jhoon Goo Rhee]], coached Ali for several fights. A punching technique that Rhee taught him was the "accupunch", a technique that Rhee himself had originally learnt from [[Bruce Lee]]. The "accupunch" is a rapid fast punch that is very difficult to block, based on human reaction time—"the idea is to finish the execution of the punch before the opponent can complete the brain-to-wrist communication." Ali was reportedly unable to block the punch when Rhee first demonstrated it to him. Ali later used the "accupunch" to [[Muhammad Ali vs. Richard Dunn|knockout Richard Dunn]] in 1976.<ref name="Rhee">{{Cite web|url=http://www.jhoonrhee.com/bio7.html|title=Jhoon Rhee, Father of American Tae Kwon Do|website=jhoonrhee.com|access-date=May 1, 2019|archive-date=May 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190506223915/http://www.jhoonrhee.com/bio7.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
==Ali and his contemporaries==
===Ali and Frazier===
====Friendship====
In an interview published in 2002, [[Joe Frazier]] recalled that he had first met Ali around 1968. At this time Ali was continuing his legal fight to get his boxing license back, and Frazier was the undisputed heavyweight champion of the world. Frazier stated that he had campaigned vigorously for Ali to get his license; this included going to Washington and meeting the president to lobby on Ali's behalf. Frazier also lent Ali some money at this time.<ref name = "Facing Ali 115-6">{{cite book|title=Facing Ali|first=Stephen|last=Brunt|author-link=Stephen Brunt|publisher=The Lyons Press|pages = 115–116|year=2002}}</ref>
According to Dave Wolf, former sports editor of ''[[Life (magazine)|Life]]'' and a member of Frazier's entourage, Frazier was keen for Ali's return to boxing, because he believed that beating Ali would win him unambiguous acknowledgement as the "best."<ref name="Hauser 217"/> According to Wolf, Frazier was also kind to Ali during this time—agreeing to participate in staged confrontations, which enabled Ali to get publicity and earn money giving lectures. Wolf states that Frazier had deep respect for Ali's religious beliefs, and even participated in Muslim services at Ali's suggestion. Until Ali got "nasty" before their [[Fight of the Century|first fight]], Frazier endorsed Ali's refusal to be drafted; Wolf recalls: "I remember [Frazier] telling me, 'If Baptists weren't allowed to fight, I wouldn't fight either'."<ref name="Hauser 217">{{cite book|title=Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times|url=https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus|url-access=registration|first= Thomas|last=Hauser|publisher=Simon & Schuster|page = [https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus/page/217 217]|year=1991|isbn=9780671688929}}</ref>
Ali and Frazier knew they would become wealthy if Ali returned to the ring.<ref name = "Facing Ali 116">{{cite book|title=Facing Ali|first=Stephen|last=Brunt|author-link=Stephen Brunt|publisher=The Lyons Press|page=116|year=2002}}</ref><ref name = "Glory Years 162">{{cite book|title=Muhammad Ali: The Glory Years|first1=Felix|last1=Dennis|first2=Don|last2=Atyeo|publisher=Miramax Books|page = 162|year=2003}}</ref> Prior to their first fight, both had expressed a liking for each other.<ref name = "Glory Years 180"/> In 1970, Ali had stated: "Me and Joe Frazier will be buddies. I just want it to go down in history that I didn't sell out or [[Uncle Tom]] when I got famous, and I don't think Joe Frazier's going to do that either. He ain't dumb."<ref name="Glory Years 180">{{cite book|title=Muhammad Ali: The Glory Years|first1=Felix|last1=Dennis|first2=Don|last2=Atyeo|publisher=Miramax Books|page = 180|year=2003}}</ref>
====Opponents====
Ali and Frazier fought three fights in the span of five years; the first and third of these are widely regarded to be among the greatest of all boxing bouts, and the Ali-Frazier rivalry has been hailed as one of the greatest any sport has seen.<ref name="Hauser 216">{{cite book|title=Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times|url=https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus|url-access=registration|first=Thomas|last=Hauser|publisher=Simon & Schuster|page = [https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus/page/216 216]|year=1991|isbn=9780671688929}}</ref><ref name="SI Nack"/> Writing in ''[[Sports Illustrated]]'', William Nack commented: {{Blockquote|Of all the names joined forever in the annals of boxing—from [[Jack Dempsey|Dempsey]]-[[Gene Tunney|Tunney]] to [[Joe Louis|Louis]]-[[Max Schmeling|Schmeling]], from [[Tony Zale|Zale]]-[[Rocky Graziano|Graziano]] to [[Sugar Ray Leonard|Leonard]]-[[Thomas Hearns|Hearns]]—none are more fiercely bound by a hyphen than Ali-Frazier. Not [[Arnold Palmer|Palmer]]-[[Nicklaus]] in golf nor [[Björn Borg|Borg]]-[[John McEnroe|McEnroe]] in tennis, as ardently competitive as these rivalries were, conjure up anything remotely close to the epic theater of Ali-Frazier.<ref name="SI Nack">{{cite magazine |url=https://www.si.com/vault/1996/09/30/208924/muhammad-ali-joe-frazier-war-of-words |title='The Fight's Over, Joe' |magazine=Sports Illustrated |date=30 September 1996 |access-date=25 October 2016 |archive-date=26 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161026081421/http://www.si.com/vault/1996/09/30/208924/muhammad-ali-joe-frazier-war-of-words |url-status=live }}</ref>}}
According to Ali, Frazier's style of boxing made him a tougher opponent for him than Liston or Foreman because he was vulnerable to Frazier's in-close left [[Hook (boxing)|hook]]. Had he fought with Frazier before his three-and-half year break from boxing, when he was younger, "I'd have danced for fifteen rounds, and Joe wouldn't have ever caught me."<ref name="Hauser 231">{{cite book|title=Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times|url=https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus|url-access=registration|first= Thomas|last=Hauser|publisher=Simon & Schuster|page = [https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus/page/231 231]|year=1991|isbn=9780671688929}}</ref>{{efn|{{Blockquote|[Frazier] was harder for me than Liston or Foreman, because he had what I was vulnerable to—a good in-close left [[Hook (boxing)|hook]]. Foreman wasn't an [[Infighting (martial arts)|infighter]] or a hooker. He was an [[uppercut]]ter with a right hand and a [[jab]], always looking you in the eye. Liston was scarier than Frazier, but I fought Liston when I was young. Joe stayed on me, always on my chest, and from out of nowhere he'd throw the hook. If I was young, I'd have danced for fifteen rounds, and Joe wouldn't have ever caught me. But the first time we fought, I was three-and-half years out of shape. |author=Muhammad Ali<ref name="Hauser 231"/>}}}}
After [[Thrilla in Manila]], Frazier called Ali "a great champion",<ref name="SI Kram">{{cite magazine |url=https://www.si.com/vault/1975/10/13/613261/muhammad-ali-joe-frazier-thrilla-in-manilla |title='Lawdy, Lawdy He's Great' |magazine=Sports Illustrated |date=October 13, 1975 |access-date=October 29, 2016 |archive-date=October 30, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161030142550/http://www.si.com/vault/1975/10/13/613261/muhammad-ali-joe-frazier-thrilla-in-manilla |url-status=live }}</ref> and, referring to Ali, graciously stated that "[m]y man fought a good fight";<ref name="Aksyon">{{cite news|url=http://www.interaksyon.com/interaktv/marcos-used-thrilla-in-manila-fight-as-distraction-from-filipinos-plight |title=Marcos used Thrilla in Manila fight as distraction from Filipinos' plight |work=Inter Aksyon |date=November 10, 2011 |access-date=October 30, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161003061025/http://www.interaksyon.com/interaktv/marcos-used-thrilla-in-manila-fight-as-distraction-from-filipinos-plight |archive-date=October 3, 2016 }}</ref> while Ali declared Frazier to be "the greatest fighter of all time next to me."<ref name="Facing Ali 123">{{cite book|title=Facing Ali|first=Stephen|last=Brunt|author-link=Stephen Brunt|publisher=The Lyons Press|page=123|year=2002}}</ref>
====Trash-talk and altercations====
In the buildup to their bouts, Ali called Frazier "dumb" and an "Uncle Tom" before their first, "ignorant" before the second, and a "gorilla" before the third.<ref name="Guardian Hauser">{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2005/sep/04/features.sport16 |title=The unforgiven |work=The Guardian |date=September 3, 2005 |access-date=October 30, 2016 |archive-date=October 30, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161030144119/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2005/sep/04/features.sport16 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name = "Facing Ali 121">{{cite book|title=Facing Ali|first=Stephen|last=Brunt|author-link=Stephen Brunt|publisher=The Lyons Press|page=121|year=2002}}</ref> Writers [[Felix Dennis|Dennis]] and Don Atyeo have noted that given Ali's warm words for Frazier in the past, his jibes about Frazier sounded hollow.<ref name = "Glory Years 180"/>
On January 23, 1974, five days before their [[Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Frazier II|second fight]], Ali and Frazier had a public altercation captured on television. ABC Sports' [[Howard Cosell]] had arranged for the two to come to the studio to comment on their first fight. Things went smoothly until Frazier commented about Ali having to visit a hospital after the fight. Ali immediately responded by claiming he had gone to a hospital for ten minutes whereas Frazier had been hospitalized for three weeks after the fight,{{efn|According to Dave Wolf, the reason for Frazier's hospitalization was hypertension from which he had been suffering before the fight.<ref name="Hauser 256">{{cite book|title=Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times|url=https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus|url-access=registration|first=Thomas|last=Hauser|publisher=Simon & Schuster|page = [https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus/page/256 256]|year=1991|isbn=9780671688929}}</ref>}} and concluded by calling Frazier "ignorant."<ref name = "Glory Years 204"/><ref name="Hauser 255">{{cite book|title=Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times|url=https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus|url-access=registration|first=Thomas|last=Hauser|publisher=Simon & Schuster|page = [https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus/page/255 255]|year=1991|isbn=9780671688929}}</ref> Frazier then snapped; removing his studio earplug, Frazier reached across to Ali, protesting the use of the word "ignorant."<ref name="Hauser 256"/><ref name = "Glory Years 204"/> Soon the two were wrestling on the floor, until they were separated by onlookers.<ref name = "Glory Years 204">{{cite book|title=Muhammad Ali: The Glory Years|first1=Felix|last1=Dennis|first2=Don|last2=Atyeo|publisher=Miramax Books|page = 204|year=2003}}</ref><ref name="Hauser 256-57">{{cite book|title=Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times|url=https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus|url-access=registration|first=Thomas|last=Hauser|publisher=Simon & Schuster|pages = [https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus/page/256 256–57]|year=1991|isbn=9780671688929}}</ref>{{efn|[[Larry Holmes]] commented that instead of letting Ali's words upset him, Frazier's response to Ali calling him ignorant should have been: "Yeah, okay, I might be ignorant, but this ignorant man is going to kick your ass."Eig<ref name = "Facing Ali 104">{{cite book|title=Facing Ali|first=Stephen|last=Brunt|author-link=Stephen Brunt|publisher=The Lyons Press|page = 104|year=2002}}</ref>}}
According to veteran boxing commentator Ronnie Nathanielsz, during the buildup to Thrilla in Manilla, Ali once awakened Frazier in the middle of the night by constantly screaming. When Frazier appeared on the balcony of his hotel room, Ali pointed a toy gun at him and shouted: "I am going to shoot you."<ref name="Aksyon"/>
Immediately after Thrilla in Manilla, Ali summoned Frazier's son [[Marvis Frazier|Marvis]] to his dressing room and apologized for the things he had said about Frazier.<ref name = "Glory Years 244"/>{{efn|{{Blockquote|Ali asked for me to come to his dressing room before any of the press arrived. I went in there and Ali was real tired and he hugged me and apologized for what he'd said about my father before the fight. He said, 'Tell your father he's a great man'.|author=Marvis Frazier<ref name = "Glory Years 244">{{cite book|title=Muhammad Ali: The Glory Years|first1=Felix|last1=Dennis|first2=Don|last2=Atyeo|publisher=Miramax Books|page = 244|year=2003}}</ref>}}}} When Marvis conveyed Ali's contrition to his father, Frazier commented that Ali should have communicated this to him directly.<ref name = "Glory Years 244"/> After returning to the United States, Ali called boxing promoter and manager [[Butch Lewis]], and asked for Frazier's private number, saying he wanted to apologize to Frazier. However, when Lewis conveyed this request to Frazier, he was told not to share the phone number with Ali.<ref name="SI Nack"/>
====Finale====
In 1988, Ali and Frazier joined [[George Foreman]], [[Larry Holmes]], and [[Ken Norton]] in Las Vegas for the making of the film ''Champions Forever''. At a local gym, Frazier came across Ali before a crowd of spectators, and said: "Look at Ali. Look what's happened to him. All your talkin', man. I'm faster than you are now. You're damaged goods."<ref name="SI Nack"/> Ali, already afflicted with Parkinson's, insisted that he remained faster than Frazier and pointing to a heavy bag suggested the two compete to see which of them could hit the bag the fastest. Frazier immediately took off his coat, moved to the bag and threw a dozen rapid punches at it accompanied by loud grunts. Without removing his coat, Ali strolled towards the bag, held the ready stance, mimicked one of Frazier's grunts without throwing a punch, and then addressed Frazier with the words "Wanna see it again, Joe?" Everyone laughed, except Frazier.<ref name="SI Nack"/>
Later that day, Frazier started walking towards Ali after having had too much to drink. Ali biographer [[Thomas Hauser]], who was present, recalled that for the next 10 minutes Larry Holmes positioned himself between Ali and Frazier, preventing Frazier from reaching Ali. George Foreman then took over and acted as Ali's shield for the next 10 minutes. Throughout this incident, Ali remained oblivious to what was going on.<ref name="SI Nack"/>
In his 1996 autobiography ''Smokin' Joe: The Autobiography of a Heavyweight Champion of the World'', in which he always refers to Ali as Cassius Clay,<ref>{{cite web |title=Smokin' Joe: The Autobiography of a Heavyweight Champion of the World, Smokin' Joe Frazier [review] |url=http://www.publishersweekly.com/978-0-02-860847-1 |work=[[Publishers Weekly]] |date=April 29, 1996 |access-date=October 30, 2016 |archive-date=October 31, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161031091826/http://www.publishersweekly.com/978-0-02-860847-1 |url-status=live }}</ref> Frazier wrote: {{Blockquote|Truth is, I'd like to rumble with that sucker [Ali] again—beat him up piece by piece and mail him back to Jesus. ... Now people ask me if I feel bad for him, now that things aren't going so well for him. Nope. I don't. Fact is, I don't give a damn. They want me to love him, but I'll open up the graveyard and bury his ass when the Lord chooses to take him.<ref name="SI Nack"/><ref name="ESPN Woods">{{cite news |url=http://www.espn.com/blog/new-york/boxing/post/_/id/391/joe-frazier-often-had-a-new-york-state-of-mind |title=Joe Frazier hated Muhammad Ali |work=ESPN |date=9 November 2011 |access-date=30 October 2016 |archive-date=31 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161031151100/http://www.espn.com/blog/new-york/boxing/post/_/id/391/joe-frazier-often-had-a-new-york-state-of-mind |url-status=live }}</ref>}}
Commenting on Ali lighting the Olympic flame in 1996, Frazier stated that it would have been good if Ali had fallen into the cauldron after lighting the flame, and that he would have pushed Ali in himself if he had the chance to do so.<ref name="SI Nack"/><ref name = "Facing Ali 102">{{cite book|title=Facing Ali|first=Stephen|last=Brunt|author-link=Stephen Brunt|publisher=The Lyons Press|page = 102|year=2002}}</ref><ref name="HC Jacobs">{{cite news |url=http://articles.courant.com/2011-11-08/sports/hc-jacobs-joe-frazier-column-1109-20111108_1_ali-s-parkinson-s-joe-frazier-muhammad-ali |title=Hoping Joe Frazier Actually Forgave Muhammad Ali |work=Hartford Courant |date=November 8, 2011 |access-date=October 30, 2016 |archive-date=October 31, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161031091232/http://articles.courant.com/2011-11-08/sports/hc-jacobs-joe-frazier-column-1109-20111108_1_ali-s-parkinson-s-joe-frazier-muhammad-ali |url-status=live }}</ref> In a press conference held on July 30, 1996, Frazier accused Ali of being a "draft dodger" and a racist,{{efn|In the 1996 press conference, Frazier stated that "[Ali] didn't like his white brothers."<ref name="SI Nack"/> Prior to their first fight, Frazier had questioned Ali's commitment to blacks, given "a lot of guys around him are white."<ref name="Glory Years 180"/>}} and claimed he would have been a better choice to light the Olympic flame.<ref name="SI Nack"/> Also in 1996, Frazier claimed Ali was suffering from "Joe Frazier-itis" and "left-hook-itis."<ref name="SI Nack"/>
In a 1997 interview, Frazier expressed no regret for the words he had used for Ali at the 1996 Atlanta Olympics. According to Frazier: {{Blockquote|We weren't animals. We were human beings. He called me a gorilla. An Uncle Tom. Uncle Tom? I grew up so poor and so black in South Carolina, even the water we drank was colored. The only guy I 'tommed' for was him, giving in to him. God gave him so many gifts. Fast. Pretty. Smart. Strong. He didn't have to do what he did.<ref name="HC Jacobs"/>}}
In a 2001 interview with ''The New York Times'', Ali again apologized to Frazier for calling him names which, Ali claimed, was done to promote their fights. Frazier initially accepted the apology saying it was time to put this issue behind them.<ref name="NYT Sandomir">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/03/15/sports/boxing-no-floating-no-stinging-ali-extends-hand-to-frazier.html |title=BOXING; No Floating, No Stinging: Ali Extends Hand to Frazier |work=The New York Times |date=March 15, 2001 |access-date=October 30, 2016 |archive-date=October 30, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161030142842/http://www.nytimes.com/2001/03/15/sports/boxing-no-floating-no-stinging-ali-extends-hand-to-frazier.html |url-status=live }}</ref> However, subsequently Frazier commented that Ali should apologize directly to him instead of apologizing through a newspaper. Reacting to this, Ali stated: "If you see Frazier, you tell him he's still a gorilla."<ref name="ESPN Sielski">{{cite news |url=http://www.espn.com/classic/biography/s/Frazier_Joe.html |title=Frazier battled Ali in timeless trilogy |work=ESPN |access-date=October 30, 2016 |archive-date=October 30, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161030141127/http://www.espn.com/classic/biography/s/Frazier_Joe.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
In his interview in [[Stephen Brunt]]'s 2002 book [[Facing Ali (book)|''Facing Ali'']], Frazier, referring to how he had contributed to Ali's infirmity, claimed he was sure Ali thinks of him whenever he gets out of bed, and that whatever Ali was undergoing was the will of God.<ref name = "Facing Ali 102, 124"/>{{efn|In his book, Brunt notes Frazier's struggle of revealing his genuine beliefs about Ali, and being savvy, because by now he had people looking after his commercial interests, and "somebody probably had a talk with him about image and public relations and how they relate to earning potential ... Still, even the new, polished, packaged Frazier has his moments."<ref name = "Facing Ali 102, 124">{{cite book|title=Facing Ali|first=Stephen|last=Brunt|author-link=Stephen Brunt|publisher=The Lyons Press|pages = 102, 124|year=2002}}</ref>}}
In a 2008 interview, Frazier stated he had forgiven Ali, but was unable to comment on whether Ali's present condition was due to divine punishment, as he had earlier stated, since "God works in a mysterious way."<ref name="Telegraph Higginbotham">{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/3563084/Joe-Frazier-Still-Smokin-after-all-these-years.html |title=Joe Frazier: Still Smokin' after all these years |work=The Telegraph |date=November 11, 2008 |access-date=October 30, 2016 |archive-date=July 4, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170704121649/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/3563084/Joe-Frazier-Still-Smokin-after-all-these-years.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
In 2011, on the eve of the 40th anniversary of his first fight with Ali, and the year of his death, Frazier reiterated that he had forgiven Ali.<ref name="HC Jacobs"/>{{efn|In a column in the ''Hartford Courant'', published the day after Frazier's death, Jeff Jacobs wrote: "I hope Smokin' Joe did [forgave Ali]. I hope he let every inch of hate go. The Greatest and The Greatest Opponent deserve to join gloves and walk together into immortality.<ref name="HC Jacobs"/>}} Frazier's funeral service was attended by Ali who reportedly stood and clapped vigorously when the Rev. [[Jesse Jackson]] asked the mourners to stand and bring their hands together one last time for Frazier.<ref name="NYP AP 2011">{{cite news|url=https://nypost.com/2011/11/14/ali-among-4000-at-frazier-funeral/|title=Ali among 4,000 at Frazier funeral|work=New York Post|date=November 14, 2011|access-date=October 30, 2016|archive-date=October 31, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161031090224/http://nypost.com/2011/11/14/ali-among-4000-at-frazier-funeral/|url-status=live}}</ref>
==Titles in boxing==
[[File:Boxing light-heavyweight 1960 Olympics.jpg|thumb|Cassius Clay, later Muhammad Ali, (second from right) at the [[1960 Summer Olympics|1960 Olympics]]]]
===Major world titles===
*[[List of WBA world champions#Heavyweight|WBA heavyweight champion]] (4×)
*[[List of WBC world champions#Heavyweight|WBC heavyweight champion]] (2×)
===Other world titles===
====''The Ring'' magazine titles====
*[[List of The Ring world champions#Heavyweight|''The Ring'' heavyweight champion]] (3×)
====Lineal titles====
*Lineal heavyweight champion (3×)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cyberboxingzone.com/boxing/heavy.htm|title=The Lineal Heavyweight Champions|publisher=The Cyber Boxing Zone Encyclopedia|access-date=January 4, 2020|archive-date=October 9, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221009143352/http://www.cyberboxingzone.com/boxing/heavy.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>
===Regional titles===
*[[List of NABF champions#Heavyweight|NABF heavyweight champion]] (3×)
=== Amateur titles ===
*[[Boxing at the 1960 Summer Olympics|Olympic]] [[Boxing at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight|light heavyweight champion]] (gold medal, 1960)
*[[Amateur Athletic Union|AAU]] national champion (2×)
*National [[Golden Gloves]] champion (2×)
*Kentucky Golden Gloves champion (6×)
==Accolades==
*[[International Boxing Hall of Fame]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Muhammad Ali |url=http://www.ibhof.com/pages/about/inductees/modern/ali.html |access-date=June 6, 2016 |publisher=ibhof.com |archive-date=October 17, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181017200549/http://www.ibhof.com/pages/about/inductees/modern/ali.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[Sports Illustrated#Sportsman of the Century|''Sports Illustrated'' Sportsman of the Century]]
*[[BBC Sports Personality of the Century]]
*[[Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory|CSHL]] [[Double Helix Medal|Double Helix Medal Honoree]]
*Martin Luther King Memorial Award
*[[Presidential Citizens Medal]]
*[[Presidential Medal of Freedom]]<ref>{{cite web| author1 = Office of the Press Secretary| title = Citations for Recipients of the 2005 Presidential Medal of Freedom| url = https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2005/11/20051109-10.html| publisher = The White House, George W. Bush| access-date = June 6, 2016| location = Washington D.C., U.S.| date = November 9, 2005| archive-date = April 24, 2020| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200424022351/https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2005/11/20051109-10.html| url-status = live}}</ref>
*[[Otto Hahn Peace Medal]]
*[[Hollywood Walk of Fame]]<ref>{{cite news| last1 = Bulman| first1 = May| title = Why Muhammad Ali's star is on the wall, not the Walk of Fame| url = https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/muhammad-ali-death-hollywood-star-why-is-it-on-the-wall-not-walk-of-fame-a7065186.html| access-date = June 6, 2016| work = The Independent| date = June 4, 2016| archive-date = July 6, 2018| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180706092045/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/muhammad-ali-death-hollywood-star-why-is-it-on-the-wall-not-walk-of-fame-a7065186.html| url-status = live}}</ref>
*[[Philadelphia Liberty Medal]]<ref name="Liberty">{{cite web|title=Muhammad Ali 2012 Liberty Medal Ceremony|url=https://constitutioncenter.org/calendar/muhammad-ali-2012-liberty-medal-ceremony|publisher=[[National Constitution Center]]|access-date=January 17, 2018|archive-date=January 18, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180118064736/https://constitutioncenter.org/calendar/muhammad-ali-2012-liberty-medal-ceremony|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="sky">{{cite news|title=Muhammad Ali Handed Humanitarian Honour|url=https://news.sky.com/story/muhammad-ali-handed-humanitarian-honour-10470033|work=[[Sky News]]|date=September 14, 2012|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=May 13, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180513080927/https://news.sky.com/story/muhammad-ali-handed-humanitarian-honour-10470033|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[Sports Illustrated Sportsperson of the Year|''Sports Illustrated'' Sportsman of the Year]] (1974)
*''[[Associated Press]]'' [[Associated Press Athlete of the Year|Athlete of the Year]] (1974)
*[[United Press International Athlete of the Year Award]] (1974)
*[[BWAA Fighter of the Year]] (3×)
*[[The Ring magazine Fighter of the Year|''The Ring'' Fighter of the Year]] (6×)
*[[The Ring magazine Fight of the Year|''The Ring'' Fight of the Year]] (6×)
==Professional boxing record==
{{Boxing record summary
|ko-wins=37
|ko-losses=1
|dec-wins=19
|dec-losses=4
}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!{{abbr|No.|Number}}
!Result
!Record
!Opponent
!Type
!Round, time
!Date
!Age
!Location
!Notes
|-
|61
|{{no2}}Loss
|56–5
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Trevor Berbick]]
|UD
|10
|[[Drama in Bahama|Dec 11, 1981]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1981|12|11}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Queen Elizabeth Sports Centre, [[Nassau, Bahamas|Nassau]], Bahamas}}
|
|-
|60
|{{no2}}Loss
|56–4
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Larry Holmes]]
|RTD
|10 (15), {{small|3:00}}
|[[Larry Holmes vs. Muhammad Ali|Oct 2, 1980]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1980|10|02}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Caesars Palace]], [[Paradise, Nevada]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|For WBC and vacant ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|59
|{{yes2}}Win
|56–3
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Leon Spinks]]
|UD
|15
|[[Leon Spinks vs. Muhammad Ali II|Sep 15, 1978]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1978|9|15}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Mercedes-Benz Superdome|Superdome]], [[New Orleans]], Louisiana, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Won WBA and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|58
|{{no2}}Loss
|55–3
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Leon Spinks]]
|SD
|15
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Leon Spinks|Feb 15, 1978]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1978|2|15}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Las Vegas Hilton]], Winchester, Nevada, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Lost WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|57
|{{yes2}}Win
|55–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Earnie Shavers]]
|UD
|15
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Earnie Shavers|Sep 29, 1977]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|9|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Madison Square Garden]], New York City, New York, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|56
|{{yes2}}Win
|54–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Alfredo Evangelista]]
|UD
|15
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Alfredo Evangelista|May 16, 1977]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|5|16}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Capital Centre, Landover, Maryland, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|55
|{{yes2}}Win
|53–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Ken Norton]]
|UD
|15
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Ken Norton III|Sep 28, 1976]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1976|9|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Yankee Stadium (1923)|Yankee Stadium]], New York City, New York, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|54
|{{yes2}}Win
|52–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Richard Dunn (boxer)|Richard Dunn]]
|TKO
|5 (15), {{small|2:05}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Richard Dunn|May 24, 1976]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1976|5|24}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Olympiahalle]], Munich, West Germany}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|53
|{{yes2}}Win
|51–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jimmy Young (boxer)|Jimmy Young]]
|UD
|15
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Jimmy Young|Apr 30, 1976]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1976|4|30}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Capital Centre (Landover, Maryland)|Capital Centre]], [[Landover, Maryland]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|52
|{{yes2}}Win
|50–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jean-Pierre Coopman]]
|KO
|5 (15), {{small|2:46}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Jean-Pierre Coopman|Feb 20, 1976]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1976|2|20}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Roberto Clemente Coliseum]], [[San Juan, Puerto Rico|San Juan]], Puerto Rico}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|51
|{{yes2}}Win
|49–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Joe Frazier]]
|RTD
|14 (15), {{small|3:00}}
|[[Thrilla in Manila|Oct 1, 1975]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1975|10|01}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Philippine Coliseum]], [[Quezon City]], Philippines}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|50
|{{yes2}}Win
|48–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Joe Bugner]]
|UD
|15
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Bugner|July 1, 1975]]<!-- This is often reported as happening on June 30 because it was still June 30 in much of the world when the fight started on July 1 in Malaysia --><ref>{{cite web |title=ESPN Classic – Muhammad Ali's ring record |url=https://www.espn.com/classic/s/Ali_record.html |website=espn.com |access-date=July 6, 2021 |archive-date=December 20, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220072645/https://espn.go.com/classic/s/Ali_record.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1975|6|30}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Stadium Merdeka]], Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|49
|{{yes2}}Win
|47–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Ron Lyle]]
|TKO
|11 (15), {{small|1:08}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Ron Lyle|May 16, 1975]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1975|5|16}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Las Vegas Convention Center, Winchester, Nevada, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|48
|{{yes2}}Win
|46–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Chuck Wepner]]
|TKO
|15 (15), {{small|2:41}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Chuck Wepner|Mar 24, 1975]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1975|3|24}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Richfield Coliseum|Coliseum]], [[Richfield, Ohio]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|47
|{{yes2}}Win
|45–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[George Foreman]]
|KO
|8 (15), {{small|2:58}}
|[[The Rumble in the Jungle|Oct 30, 1974]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1974|10|30}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Stade du 20 Mai]], [[Kinshasa]], Zaire}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Won WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|46
|{{yes2}}Win
|44–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Joe Frazier]]
|UD
|12
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Frazier II|Jan 28, 1974]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1974|1|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained NABF heavyweight title}}
|-
|45
|{{yes2}}Win
|43–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Rudie Lubbers]]
|UD
|12
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Rudie Lubbers|Oct 20, 1973]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1973|10|20}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Gelora Bung Karno Stadium]], [[Jakarta]], Indonesia}}
|
|-
|44
|{{yes2}}Win
|42–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Ken Norton]]
|SD
|12
|[[Ken Norton vs. Muhammad Ali II|Sep 10, 1973]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1973|9|10}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[The Forum (Inglewood, California)|The Forum]], [[Inglewood, California]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Won NABF heavyweight title}}
|-
|43
|{{no2}}Loss
|41–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Ken Norton]]
|{{abbr|SD|Split decision}}
|12
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Ken Norton|Mar 31, 1973]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1973|3|31}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Pechanga Arena|Sports Arena]], [[San Diego, California]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Lost NABF heavyweight title}}
|-
|42
|{{yes2}}Win
|41–1
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Joe Bugner]]
|UD
|12
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Bugner|Feb 14, 1973]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1973|2|14}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Las Vegas Convention Center, Winchester, Nevada, U.S.}}
|
|-
|41
|{{yes2}}Win
|40–1
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Bob Foster (boxer)|Bob Foster]]
|KO
|8 (12), {{small|0:40}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Bob Foster|Nov 21, 1972]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|11|21}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Sahara Tahoe]], [[Stateline, Nevada]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained NABF heavyweight title}}
|-
|40
|{{yes2}}Win
|39–1
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Floyd Patterson]]
|RTD
|7 (12), {{small|3:00}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Floyd Patterson II|Sep 20, 1972]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|9|20}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained NABF heavyweight title}}
|-
|39
|{{yes2}}Win
|38–1
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Alvin Lewis (boxer)|Alvin Lewis]]
|TKO
|11 (12), {{small|1:15}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Al Lewis|Jul 19, 1972]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|7|19}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Croke Park]], [[Dublin]], Ireland}}
|
|-
|38
|{{yes2}}Win
|37–1
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jerry Quarry]]
|TKO
|7 (12), {{small|0:19}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Jerry Quarry|Jun 27, 1972]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|6|27}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Las Vegas Convention Center, Winchester, Nevada, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained NABF heavyweight title}}
|-
|37
|{{yes2}}Win
|36–1
|style="text-align:left;"|[[George Chuvalo]]
|UD
|12
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. George Chuvalo|May 1, 1972]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|5|01}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Pacific Coliseum]], [[Vancouver]], British Columbia, Canada}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained NABF heavyweight title}}
|-
|36
|{{yes2}}Win
|35–1
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Mac Foster]]
|UD
|15
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Mac Foster|Apr 1, 1972]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|4|01}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Nippon Budokan]], [[Tokyo]], Japan}}
|
|-
|35
|{{yes2}}Win
|34–1
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jürgen Blin]]
|KO
|7 (12), {{small|2:12}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Jürgen Blin|Dec 26, 1971]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|12|26}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Hallenstadion]], [[Zürich]], Switzerland}}
|
|-
|34
|{{yes2}}Win
|33–1
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Buster Mathis]]
|UD
|12
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Buster Mathis|Nov 17, 1971]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|11|17}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Astrodome, Houston, Texas, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained NABF heavyweight title}}
|-
|33
|{{yes2}}Win
|32–1
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jimmy Ellis (boxer)|Jimmy Ellis]]
|TKO
|12 (12), {{small|2:10}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Jimmy Ellis|Jul 26, 1971]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|7|26}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Astrodome, Houston, Texas, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Won vacant NABF heavyweight title}}
|-
|32
|{{no2}}Loss
|31–1
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Joe Frazier]]
|UD
|15
|[[Joe Frazier vs. Muhammad Ali|Mar 8, 1971]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|3|08}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|For WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|31
|{{yes2}}Win
|31–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Oscar Bonavena]]
|TKO
|15 (15), {{small|2:03}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Oscar Bonavena|Dec 7, 1970]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1970|12|07}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Won vacant [[list of NABF champions#Heavyweight|NABF heavyweight title]]}}
|-
|30
|{{yes2}}Win
|30–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jerry Quarry]]
|RTD
|3 (15), {{small|3:00}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Jerry Quarry|Oct 26, 1970]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1970|10|26}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Atlanta Municipal Auditorium|Municipal Auditorium]], [[Atlanta, Georgia]], U.S.}}
|
|-
|29
|{{yes2}}Win
|29–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Zora Folley]]
|KO
|7 (15), {{small|1:48}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Zora Folley|Mar 22, 1967]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1967|3|22}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Madison Square Garden (1925)|Madison Square Garden]], New York City, New York, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBA, WBC, NYSAC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|28
|{{yes2}}Win
|28–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Ernie Terrell]]
|UD
|15
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Ernie Terrel|Feb 6, 1967]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1967|2|06}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Astrodome, Houston, Texas, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBC, NYSAC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles;<br>Won WBA heavyweight title}}
|-
|27
|{{yes2}}Win
|27–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Cleveland Williams]]
|TKO
|3 (15), {{small|1:08}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Cleveland Williams|Nov 14, 1966]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1966|11|14}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Astrodome]], [[Houston]], Texas, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBC, NYSAC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|26
|{{yes2}}Win
|26–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Karl Mildenberger]]
|TKO
|12 (15), {{small|1:30}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Karl Mildenberger|Sep 10, 1966]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1966|9|10}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Waldstadion (Frankfurt)|Waldstadion]], Frankfurt, West Germany}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBC, NYSAC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|25
|{{yes2}}Win
|25–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Brian London]]
|KO
|3 (15), {{small|1:40}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Brian London|Aug 6, 1966]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1966|8|06}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Earls Court Exhibition Centre]], London, England}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBC, NYSAC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|24
|{{yes2}}Win
|24–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Henry Cooper]]
|TKO
|6 (15), {{small|1:38}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Henry Cooper II|May 21, 1966]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1966|5|21}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Arsenal Stadium]], London, England}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBC, NYSAC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|23
|{{yes2}}Win
|23–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[George Chuvalo]]
|UD
|15
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. George Chuvalo|Mar 29, 1966]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1966|3|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Maple Leaf Gardens]], [[Toronto]], Canada}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBC, NYSAC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|22
|{{yes2}}Win
|22–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Floyd Patterson]]
|TKO
|12 (15), {{small|2:18}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Floyd Patterson|Nov 22, 1965]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1965|11|22}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Las Vegas Convention Center, Winchester, Nevada, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBC, NYSAC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|21
|{{yes2}}Win
|21–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Sonny Liston]]
|KO
|1 (15), {{small|2:12}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Sonny Liston#Ali vs. Liston II|May 25, 1965]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1965|5|25}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Androscoggin Bank Colisée|Civic Center]], [[Lewiston, Maine]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBC, NYSAC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|20
|{{yes2}}Win
|20–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Sonny Liston]]
|RTD
|6 (15), {{small|3:00}}
|[[Sonny Liston vs. Cassius Clay|Feb 25, 1964]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1964|2|25}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Convention Center, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Won [[list of WBA world champions#Heavyweight|WBA]], [[list of WBC world champions#Heavyweight|WBC]], [[NYSAC]], and [[list of The Ring world champions#Heavyweight|''The Ring'' heavyweight titles]]}}
|-
|19
|{{yes2}}Win
|19–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Henry Cooper]]
|TKO
|5 (10), {{small|2:15}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Henry Cooper|Jun 18, 1963]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1963|6|18}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Wembley Stadium (1923)|Wembley Stadium]], London, England}}
|
|-
|18
|{{yes2}}Win
|18–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Doug Jones (boxer)|Doug Jones]]
|UD
|10
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Doug Jones|Mar 13, 1963]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1963|3|13}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.}}
|
|-
|17
|{{yes2}}Win
|17–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Charlie Powell]]
|KO
|3 (10), {{small|2:04}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Charlie Powell|Jan 24, 1963]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1963|1|24}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Civic Arena (Pittsburgh)|Civic Arena]], [[Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania]], U.S.}}
|
|-
|16
|{{yes2}}Win
|16–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Archie Moore]]
|TKO
|4 (10), {{small|1:35}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Archie Moore|Nov 15, 1962]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1962|11|15}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Memorial Sports Arena, Los Angeles, California, U.S.}}
|
|-
|15
|{{yes2}}Win
|15–0
|style="text-align:left;"|Alejandro Lavorante
|KO
|5 (10), {{small|1:48}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Alejandro Lavorante|Jul 20, 1962]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1962|7|20}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Memorial Sports Arena, Los Angeles, California, U.S.}}
|
|-
|14
|{{yes2}}Win
|14–0
|style="text-align:left;"|Billy Daniels
|TKO
|7 (10), {{small|2:21}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Billy Daniels|May 19, 1962]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1962|5|19}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[St. Nicholas Arena]], New York City, New York, U.S.}}
|
|-
|13
|{{yes2}}Win
|13–0
|style="text-align:left;"|George Logan
|TKO
|4 (10), {{small|1:34}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. George Logan|Apr 23, 1962]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1962|4|23}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Memorial Sports Arena]], [[Los Angeles, California]], U.S.}}
|
|-
|12
|{{yes2}}Win
|12–0
|style="text-align:left;"|Don Warner
|TKO
|4 (10), {{small|0:34}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Don Warner|Feb 28, 1962]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1962|3|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Convention Center, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.}}
|
|-
|11
|{{yes2}}Win
|11–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Sonny Banks]]
|TKO
|4 (10), {{small|0:26}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Sonny Banks|Feb 10, 1962]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1962|2|10}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Madison Square Garden, [[New York City, New York]], U.S.}}
|
|-
|10
|{{yes2}}Win
|10–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Willi Besmanoff]]
|TKO
|7 (10), {{small|1:55}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Willi Besmanoff|Nov 29, 1961]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1961|11|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Freedom Hall, Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.}}
|
|-
|9
|{{yes2}}Win
|9–0
|style="text-align:left;"|Alex Miteff
|TKO
|6 (10), {{small|1:45}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Alex Miteff|Oct 7, 1961]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1961|10|07}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Freedom Hall, Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.}}
|
|-
|8
|{{yes2}}Win
|8–0
|style="text-align:left;"|Alonzo Johnson
|UD
|10
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Alonzo Johnson|Jul 22, 1961]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1961|7|22}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Freedom Hall, Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.}}
|
|-
|7
|{{yes2}}Win
|7–0
|style="text-align:left;"|Duke Sabedong
|UD
|10
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Duke Sabedong|Jun 26, 1961]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1961|6|26}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Las Vegas Convention Center]], [[Winchester, Nevada]], U.S.}}
|
|-
|6
|{{yes2}}Win
|6–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[LaMar Clark]]
|KO
|2 (8), {{small|1:27}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Lamar Clark|Apr 19, 1961]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1961|4|19}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Freedom Hall, Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.}}
|
|-
|5
|{{yes2}}Win
|5–0
|style="text-align:left;"|Donnie Fleeman
|{{abbr|RTD|Corner retirement}}
|6 (8)
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Donnie Fleeman|Feb 21, 1961]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1961|2|21}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Municipal Auditorium, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.}}
|
|-
|4
|{{yes2}}Win
|4–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jim Robinson (boxer)|Jim Robinson]]
|{{abbr|KO|Knockout}}
|1 (8), {{small|1:34}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Jim Robinson|Feb 7, 1961]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1961|2|07}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Miami Beach Convention Center|Convention Center]], Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.}}
|
|-
|3
|{{yes2}}Win
|3–0
|style="text-align:left;"|Tony Esperti
|TKO
|3 (8), {{small|1:30}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Tony Esperti|Jan 17, 1961]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1961|1|17}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Municipal Auditorium, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.}}
|
|-
|2
|{{yes2}}Win
|2–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Herb Siler]]
|{{abbr|TKO|Technical knockout}}
|4 (8), {{small|1:00}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Herb Siler|Dec 27, 1960]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1960|12|27}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Miami Beach Municipal Auditorium|Municipal Auditorium]], [[Miami Beach, Florida]], U.S.}}
|
|-
|1
|{{yes2}}Win
|1–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Tunney Hunsaker]]
|{{abbr|UD|Unanimous decision}}
|6
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Tunney Hunsaker|Oct 29, 1960]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1960|10|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Freedom Hall]], [[Louisville, Kentucky]], U.S.}}
|
|}
==Exhibition boxing record==
{{incomplete list|date=December 2021}}
''The following list does not include matches in which the opponent's name, location or exact date is unknown such as the one that took place in [[Genoa]], [[Italy]] against Alonzo Johnson and Giorgio Bambini around 1971, his knockout victory over Alonzo Johnson in [[Doha]], [[Qatar]] in 1971 (before The Fight of the Century), his two ten-round exhibitions against Roy "Tiger" Williams at [[Deer Lake, Pennsylvania|Deer Lake]] in early 1975, his six-round exhibition on April 26, 1975 in [[Orlando]], [[Florida]], and the one that took place in [[Casablanca]], [[Morocco]] around 1979.'' Exhibition contests do not count on a professional or amateur boxer's official record.
{{BoxingRecordSummary
|draws=2
|ko-wins=1
|ko-losses=3
|dec-wins=1
|dec-losses=
|nonscore=98
}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!{{abbr|No.|Number}}
!Result
!Record
!Opponent
!Type
!Round, time
!Date
!Age
!Location
!Notes
|-
|105
|{{draw}}Draw
|2–3–2 {{small|(98)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Dave Semenko]]
|PTS
|3
|Jun 12, 1983
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1983|6|12}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Northlands Coliseum]], [[Edmonton]], [[Alberta]], Canada}}
|style="text-align:left;"|
|-
|104
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(98)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Reiner Hartner
|{{N/A}}
|?
|Dec 4, 1982
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1982|12|4}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Al Maktoum Stadium]], [[Dubai]], U.A.E.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|103
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(97)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jimmy Ellis (boxer)|Jimmy Ellis]]
|{{N/A}}
|?
|Dec 1, 1982
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1982|12|1}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Zayed Sports City Stadium|Sheikh Zayed Stadium]], [[Abu Dhabi]], [[U.A.E.]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|102
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(96)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jimmy Ellis (boxer)|Jimmy Ellis]]
|{{N/A}}
|5
|Jan 31, 1980
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1980|1|31}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Madras]], India}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|101
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(95)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Kaur Singh]]
|{{N/A}}
|4
|Jan 27, 1980
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1980|1|27}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Major Dhyan Chand National Stadium|National Stadium]], [[New Delhi]], [[India]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|100
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(94)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Lyle Alzado]]
|{{N/A}}
|8
|Jul 14, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|7|14}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Mile High Stadium]], [[Denver]], [[Colorado]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|99
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(93)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Thomas F. X. Smith]]
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jun 29, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|6|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Jersey City Armory]], [[Jersey City, New Jersey]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|98
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(92)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Brendan Byrne]]
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jun 29, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|6|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Jersey City Armory]], [[Jersey City, New Jersey]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|97
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(91)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jimmy Ellis (boxer)|Jimmy Ellis]]
|{{N/A}}
|5
|Jun 7, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|6|7}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Birmingham Odeon|Odeon Theatre]], [[Birmingham]], England}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|96
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(90)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Karl Mildenberger]]
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jun 4, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|6|4}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Grugahalle]], [[Essen]], West Germany}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|95
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(89)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Georg Butzbach
|{{N/A}}
|3
|Jun 4, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|6|4}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Grugahalle]], [[Essen]], [[West Germany]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|94
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(88)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[John L. Gardner (boxer)|John L. Gardner]]
|{{N/A}}
|4
|May 29, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|5|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Royal Albert Hall]], London, England}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|93
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(87)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jimmy Ellis (boxer)|Jimmy Ellis]]
|{{N/A}}
|5
|May 27, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|5|27}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Arena Randers|Randershallen]], [[Randers]], Denmark}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|92
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(86)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Alonzo Johnson
|{{N/A}}
|5
|May 27, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|5|27}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Arena Randers|Randershallen]], [[Randers]], [[Denmark]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|91
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(85)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jimmy Ellis (boxer)|Jimmy Ellis]]
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Mar 12, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|3|12}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Providence Civic Center]], [[Providence, Rhode Island]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|90
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(84)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Alonzo Johnson
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Mar 12, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|3|12}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Providence Civic Center]], [[Providence, Rhode Island]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|89
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(83)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|John "Dino" Denis
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Mar 12, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|3|12}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Providence Civic Center]], [[Providence, Rhode Island]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|88
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(82)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Luke Capuano
|{{N/A}}
|4
|Feb 28, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|2|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Alumni Hall (DePaul University)|DePaul University Alumni Hall]], Chicago, Illinois, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|87
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(81)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Joe Bugner]]
|{{N/A}}
|?
|Feb 8, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|2|8}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Auckland]], New Zealand}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|86
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(80)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jimmy Ellis (boxer)|Jimmy Ellis]]
|{{N/A}}
|?
|Feb 8, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|2|8}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Auckland]], New Zealand}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|85
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(79)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Igor Vysotsky]]
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jun 20, 1978
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1978|6|20}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Moscow]], [[RSFSR]], U.S.S.R.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|84
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(78)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Evgeny Gorstkov
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jun 20, 1978
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1978|6|20}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Moscow]], [[RSFSR]], U.S.S.R.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|83
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(77)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pyotr Zayev]]
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jun 20, 1978
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1978|6|20}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Moscow]], [[RSFSR]], [[U.S.S.R.]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|82
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(76)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Burt Young]]
|{{N/A}}
|?
|May 8, 1978
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1978|5|8}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Olympic Auditorium]], [[Los Angeles]], [[California]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|81
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(75)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Marvin Gaye]]
|{{N/A}}
|?
|May 8, 1978
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1978|5|8}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Olympic Auditorium]], [[Los Angeles]], [[California]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|80
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(74)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Richard Pryor]]
|{{N/A}}
|?
|May 8, 1978
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1978|5|8}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Olympic Auditorium]], [[Los Angeles]], [[California]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|79
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(73)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Sammy Davis Jr.]]
|{{N/A}}
|?
|May 8, 1978
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1978|5|8}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Olympic Auditorium]], [[Los Angeles]], [[California]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|78
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(72)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Scott LeDoux]]
|{{N/A}}
|5
|Dec 2, 1977
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|12|2}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Auditorium Theatre]], Chicago, Illinois, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|77
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(71)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Bernardo Mercado]]
|{{N/A}}
|5
|Nov 14, 1977
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|11|14}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Santamaría Bullring]], [[Bogotá]], [[Colombia]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|76
|{{no2}}Loss
|2–3–1 {{small|(70)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Bruce Wells]]
|KO
|?
|Aug 12, 1977
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|8|12}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[South Shields]], England}}
|style="text-align:left;"|
|-
|75
|{{N/A}}
|2–2–1 {{small|(70)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Michael Dokes]]
|{{N/A}}
|3
|Apr 16, 1977
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|4|16}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Miami Beach Convention Center]], Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|74
|{{N/A}}
|2–2–1 {{small|(69)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Jody Ballard
|{{N/A}}
|3
|Apr 16, 1977
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|4|16}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Miami Beach Convention Center]], Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|73
|{{N/A}}
|2–2–1 {{small|(68)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Ron Drinkwater
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jan 29, 1977
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|1|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Hynes Convention Center|Hynes Auditorium]], [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|72
|{{N/A}}
|2–2–1 {{small|(67)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Matt Ross
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jan 29, 1977
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|1|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Hynes Convention Center|Hynes Auditorium]], [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|71
|{{N/A}}
|2–2–1 {{small|(66)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Frank Kingston Smith]]
|{{N/A}}
|1
|Jan 29, 1977
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|1|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Hynes Convention Center|Hynes Auditorium]], [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|70
|{{N/A}}
|2–2–1 {{small|(65)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Walter Haines
|{{N/A}}
|1
|Jan 29, 1977
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|1|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Hynes Convention Center|Hynes Auditorium]], [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|69
|{{N/A}}
|2–2–1 {{small|(64)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Peter Fuller
|{{N/A}}
|1
|Jan 29, 1977
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|1|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Hynes Convention Center|Hynes Auditorium]], [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|68
|{{N/A}}
|2–2–1 {{small|(63)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Jerry Huston Jr.
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jan 29, 1977
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|1|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Hynes Convention Center|Hynes Auditorium]], [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|67
|{{N/A}}
|2–2–1 {{small|(62)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Larry D. Rice
|{{N/A}}
|1
|Jun 27, 1976
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1976|6|27}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Camp Casey, South Korea|Camp Casey]], [[Dongducheon]], South Korea}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|66
|{{N/A}}
|2–2–1 {{small|(61)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Gerald Noble
|{{N/A}}
|1
|Jun 27, 1976
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1976|6|27}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Camp Casey, South Korea|Camp Casey]], [[Dongducheon]], [[South Korea]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|65
|{{draw}}Draw
|2–2–1 {{small|(60)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Antonio Inoki]]
|PTS
|15
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Antonio Inoki|Jun 25, 1976]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1976|6|25}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Nippon Budokan]], [[Tokyo]], [[Japan]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Under special "boxing-wrestling" rules}}
|-
|64
|{{yes2}}Win
|2–2 {{small|(60)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Buddy Wolff]]
|PTS
|3
|Jun 10, 1976
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1976|6|10}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|International Amphitheater, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|"Boxer vs. Wrestler"}}
|-
|63
|{{yes2}}Win
|1–2 {{small|(60)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Kenny Jay]]
|KO
|2 (3) {{small|1:29}}
|Jun 10, 1976
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1976|6|10}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[International Amphitheater]], [[Chicago]], [[Illinois]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|"Boxer vs. Wrestler"}}
|-
|62
|{{no2}}Loss
|0–2 {{small|(60)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[José Miguel Agrelot]]
|KO
|?
|Feb 6, 1976
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1976|2|6}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Cancha Pepin Cestero, [[Bayamón]], Puerto Rico}}
|style="text-align:left;"|
|-
|61
|{{N/A}}
|0–1 {{small|(60)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Clifford "Randy" Stephens
|{{N/A}}
|3
|Dec 6, 1975
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1975|12|6}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Dallas]], Texas, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|60
|{{no2}}Loss
|0–1 {{small|(59)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Bill Cunningham
|KO
|? (2)
|Jun 6, 1975
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1975|6|6}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Olympia Stadium]], [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|
|-
|59
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(59)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Robert Blackwell
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jun 6, 1975
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1975|6|6}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Olympia Stadium]], [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|58
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(58)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Johnny Hudson
|{{N/A}}
|3
|Jun 6, 1975
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1975|6|6}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Olympia Stadium]], [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|57
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(57)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Boston Almon
|{{N/A}}
|1
|Jun 6, 1975
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1975|6|6}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Olympia Stadium]], [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|56
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(56)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Ron Gentry
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jun 6, 1975
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1975|6|6}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Olympia Stadium]], [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|55
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(55)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Joe Bugner]]
|{{N/A}}
|?
|Dec 3, 1974
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1974|12|3}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Royal Albert Hall]], London, England}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|54
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(54)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Roy "Cookie" Wallace
|{{N/A}}
|4
|Feb 23, 1973
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1973|2|23}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Moody Coliseum]], [[University Park, Texas|University Park]], [[Texas]] U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|53
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(53)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Alonzo Johnson
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Nov 28, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|11|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Salem Civic Center|Salem-Roanoke Valley Civic Center]], [[Salem, Virginia]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|52
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(52)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|John Jordan
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Nov 28, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|11|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Salem Civic Center|Salem-Roanoke Valley Civic Center]], [[Salem, Virginia]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|51
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(51)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Jimmy Wingfield
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Nov 28, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|11|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Salem Civic Center|Salem-Roanoke Valley Civic Center]], [[Salem, Virginia]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|50
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(50)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Charlie Boston
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Nov 28, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|11|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Salem Civic Center|Salem-Roanoke Valley Civic Center]], [[Salem, Virginia]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|49
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(49)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Paul Raymond
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Oct 11, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|10|11}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Boston Garden]], [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|48
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(48)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Ray Anderson (boxer)|Ray Anderson]]
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Oct 11, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|10|11}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Boston Garden, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|47
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(47)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Doug Kirk
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Oct 11, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|10|11}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Boston Garden, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|46
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(46)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Cliff McDonald
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Oct 11, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|10|11}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Boston Garden, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|45
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(45)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|John "Dino" Denis
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Oct 11, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|10|11}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Boston Garden]], [[Boston, Massachusetts]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|44
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(44)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Gary Dee]]
|{{N/A}}
|1
|Aug 28, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|8|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Cleveland Arena, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|43
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(43)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Rodney Greene
|{{N/A}}
|1
|Aug 28, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|8|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Cleveland Arena, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|42
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(42)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Terry Daniels
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Aug 28, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|8|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Cleveland Arena, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|41
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(41)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Amos Johnson
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Aug 28, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|8|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Cleveland Arena, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|40
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(40)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Alonzo Johnson
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Aug 28, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|8|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Cleveland Arena]], [[Cleveland, Ohio]] U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|39
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(39)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Ray Anderson (boxer)|Ray Anderson]]
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Aug 24, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|8|24}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Baltimore Civic Center]], [[Baltimore, Maryland]] U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|38
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(38)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Alonzo Johnson
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Aug 24, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|8|24}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Baltimore Civic Center]], [[Baltimore, Maryland]] U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|37
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(37)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Gregorio Peralta]]
|{{N/A}}
|8
|Aug 1, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|8|1}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[La Monumental]], [[Barcelona]], [[Spain]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|36
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(36)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Ba Sounkalo
|{{N/A}}
|8
|Jul 29, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|7|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Casablanca]], [[Morocco]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|35
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(35)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Rahman Ali|Rudy Clay]]
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jul 1, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|7|1}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Los Angeles, California, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|34
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(34)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Charley James
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jul 1, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|7|1}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Los Angeles, California, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|33
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(33)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Billy Ryan
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jul 1, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|7|1}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Los Angeles, California, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|32
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(32)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Eddie Jones
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jul 1, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|7|1}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Los Angeles, California, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|31
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(31)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Lonnie Bennett
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jul 1, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|7|1}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Los Angeles, California]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|30
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(30)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Al Migliorato
|{{N/A}}
|4
|Feb 18, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|2|18}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|29
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(29)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Jeff Merritt
|{{N/A}}
|5
|Jan 28, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|1|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Pacific Coliseum, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|28
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(28)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Alonzo Johnson
|{{N/A}}
|5
|Jan 28, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|1|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Pacific Coliseum]], [[Vancouver, British Columbia]], [[Canada]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|27
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(27)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Miguel Ángel Páez
|{{N/A}}
|5
|Nov 6, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|11|6}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Atlanta Court, Buenos Aires, Argentina}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|26
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(26)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|James Summerville
|{{N/A}}
|5
|Nov 6, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|11|6}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Estadio Don León Kolbovski|Atlanta Court]], [[Buenos Aires]], [[Argentina]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|25
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(25)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Cliff Field
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Oct 19, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|10|19}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Royal Albert Hall, London, England}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|24
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(24)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Graham Sines
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Oct 19, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|10|19}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Royal Albert Hall, London, England}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|23
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(23)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Johnny Frankham]]
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Oct 19, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|10|19}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Royal Albert Hall, London, England}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|22
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(22)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Alonzo Johnson
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Oct 19, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|10|19}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Royal Albert Hall]], London, England}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|21
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(21)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Eddie Brooks
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Aug 22, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|8|22}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Queen's Park Oval, Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|20
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(20)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Lancer Johnson
|{{N/A}}
|4
|Aug 22, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|8|22}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Queen's Park Oval]], [[Port of Spain]], [[Trinidad and Tobago]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|19
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(19)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Eddie Brooks
|{{N/A}}
|4
|Aug 21, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|8|21}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Nuevo Circo, Caracas, Venezuela}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|18
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(18)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Lancer Johnson
|{{N/A}}
|4
|Aug 21, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|8|21}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Nuevo Circo, [[Caracas]], Venezuela}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|17
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(17)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Rufus Braswell
|{{N/A}}
|3
|Jun 25, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|6|25}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Hara Arena, Dayton, Ohio, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|16
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(16)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Eddie Brooks
|{{N/A}}
|3
|Jun 25, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|6|25}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Hara Arena, Dayton, Ohio, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|15
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(15)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|J.D. McCauley
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jun 25, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|6|25}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Hara Arena]], [[Dayton]], [[Ohio]] U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|14
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(14)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|George Hill
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Sep 2, 1970
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1970|9|2}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Archer Hall Gymnasium, Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|13
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(13)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Johnny Hudgins
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Sep 2, 1970
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1970|9|2}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Archer Hall Gymnasium, Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|12
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(12)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Rufus Braswell
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Sep 2, 1970
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1970|9|2}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Archer Hall Gymnasium, [[Atlanta, Georgia]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|11
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(11)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Orvill Qualls
|{{N/A}}
|3
|Jun 15, 1967
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1967|6|15}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Detroit, Michigan, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|10
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(10)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Al "Blue" Lewis]]
|{{N/A}}
|3
|Jun 15, 1967
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1967|6|15}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Detroit, Michigan]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|9
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(9)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Doug Jones (boxer)|Doug Jones]]
|{{N/A}}
|6
|Oct 27, 1966
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1966|10|27}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Freedom Hall]], [[Louisville, Kentucky]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|8
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(8)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Cody Jones
|{{N/A}}
|4
|Aug 20, 1965
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1965|8|20}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Paisley, Renfrewshire|Paisley]], Scotland}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|7
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(7)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jimmy Ellis (boxer)|Jimmy Ellis]]
|{{N/A}}
|4
|Aug 20, 1965
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1965|8|20}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[London]], [[England]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|6
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(6)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jimmy Ellis (boxer)|Jimmy Ellis]]
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Aug 16, 1965
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1965|8|16}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Nya Ullevi, Gothenburg, Sweden}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|5
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(5)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Cody Jones
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Aug 16, 1965
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1965|8|16}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Nya Ullevi]], [[Gothenburg]], [[Sweden]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|4
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(4)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Cody Jones
|{{N/A}}
|3
|Jul 31, 1965
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1965|7|31}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|San Juan, Puerto Rico}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|3
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(3)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jimmy Ellis (boxer)|Jimmy Ellis]]
|{{N/A}}
|3
|Jul 31, 1965
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1965|7|31}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[San Juan, Puerto Rico|San Juan]], [[Puerto Rico]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|2
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(2)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Cody Jones
|{{N/A}}
|4
|Jul 28, 1965
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1965|7|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|The Palace Theatre, [[Belize City]], British Honduras}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|1
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(1)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Ingemar Johansson]]
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Feb 6, 1961
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1961|2|6}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Miami Beach]], [[Florida]] [[U.S.]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|}
==Television viewership==
{{See also|Muhammad Ali#Television appearances}}
Muhammad Ali's fights were some of the world's [[List of most-watched television broadcasts|most-watched television broadcasts]], setting television viewership records. Some of his most-watched fights drew an estimated 1{{ndash}}2 billion viewers worldwide between 1974 and 1980, and were the world's most-watched live television broadcasts at the time.<ref name="briefly">{{cite news |last=Gitonga |first=Ruth |title=Most-watched television events in the world ever: Top 20 list ranked |url=https://briefly.co.za/facts-lifehacks/top/152256-most-watched-television-events-world-top-20-list-ranked/ |work=briefly.co.za |date=February 7, 2023 |access-date=November 5, 2023 |archive-date=March 14, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314153340/https://briefly.co.za/facts-lifehacks/top/152256-most-watched-television-events-world-top-20-list-ranked/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%"
|-
! Date !! Fight(s) !! Region(s) !! Viewers !! Source(s)
|-
| rowspan="3" | {{dts|1964|February|25|format=mdy}}
| rowspan="3" | [[Sonny Liston vs. Cassius Clay]]
| Western world
| 165,950,000
|
|-
| Europe
| 165,000,000
| <ref>{{cite book|last=Eig|first=Jonathan|title=Ali: A Life|date=2017|publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin Harcourt]]|isbn=9780544435247|page=145|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MgNLDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA145|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002029/https://books.google.com/books?id=MgNLDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA145#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| United States ([[Pay-per-view|PPV]])
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:700000+250000}}|}}
| <ref name="Ezra82"/><ref name="Ezra83"/>
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{dts|1965|May|25|format=mdy}}
| rowspan="2" | [[Muhammad Ali vs. Sonny Liston]] II
| Worldwide
| 80,000,000
| <ref name="mee">{{cite book|last=Mee|first=Bob|title=Liston and Ali: The Ugly Bear and the Boy Who Would Be King|date=2011|publisher=[[Mainstream Publishing]]|isbn=9781907195655|page=308|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cdWp6foVPA4C&pg=PT308|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002029/https://books.google.com/books?id=cdWp6foVPA4C&pg=PT308|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| United Kingdom
| 7,000,000
| <ref>{{cite book|title=BBC Year Book|date=1966|publisher=BBC|page=32|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vMo5AQAAIAAJ&q=Clay+Liston|language=en|quote=Among the outstanding events sent "live" on Early Bird television in the testing period were: the launching and recovery of the Gemini Titan IV, the United Nations Session in San Francisco to commemorate the twentieth anniversary of the signing of the United Nations Charter, the inauguration of President Johnson, and the Clay—Liston world heavyweight championship fight, watched in Britain by seven million viewers at 3.30 a.m.|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002030/https://books.google.com/books?id=vMo5AQAAIAAJ&q=Clay+Liston|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" | {{dts|1966|May|21|format=mdy}}
| rowspan="3" | [[Muhammad Ali vs. Henry Cooper II]]
| Worldwide
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:100000000*2}}|}}
| <ref>{{cite book|last1=Boddy|first1=Kasia|title=Boxing: A Cultural History|date=2008|publisher=[[Reaktion Books]]|location=London|isbn=978-1861896179|page=330|url=https://archive.org/stream/BoxingACulturalHistory/Boxing-ACulturalHistory#page/n331/mode/1up}}</ref>
|-
| United Kingdom
| 21,000,000
| <ref>{{cite journal|title=Papers by Command|journal=Papers by Command|date=1966|volume=23|page=29|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TMs5AQAAIAAJ&q=ali+cooper|publisher=[[H.M. Stationery Office]]|language=en|quote=Other outstanding sporting events carried on radio included the Commonwealth Games in Jamaica and the World Heavyweight Championship fight between Henry Cooper and Muhammad Ali (Cassius Clay), which attracted an audience of twenty-one million.|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002030/https://books.google.com/books?id=TMs5AQAAIAAJ&q=ali+cooper|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| United States
| 20,000,000
| <ref name="haynes">{{cite book|last=Haynes|first=Richard|title=BBC Sport in Black and White|date=2016|publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media|Springer]]|isbn=9781137455017|page=213|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZM-GDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA213|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002030/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZM-GDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA213#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" | {{dts|1971|March|8|format=mdy}}
| rowspan="3" | [[Fight of the Century|Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Frazier (''Fight of the Century'')]]
| Worldwide
| 300,000,000
| <ref name="nzz">{{cite news|title=Muhammad Ali gegen Joe Frazier im Madison Square Garden war der wahre Kampf des Jahrhunderts|url=https://www.nzz.ch/sport/muhammad-ali-gegen-joe-frazier-war-der-wahre-kampf-des-jahrhunderts-ld.1604784?reduced=true|work=[[Neue Zürcher Zeitung]]|access-date=October 30, 2022|language=German|archive-date=October 30, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221030145542/https://www.nzz.ch/sport/muhammad-ali-gegen-joe-frazier-war-der-wahre-kampf-des-jahrhunderts-ld.1604784?reduced=true|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| United Kingdom
| 27,500,000
| <ref>{{cite book|last=Green|first=Timothy|title=The Universal Eye: The World of Television|date=1972|publisher=[[Stein and Day]]|isbn=9780812814248|page=86|language=en|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dSUvAAAAMAAJ&q=ali+frazier|quote=The annual Miss World Contest, which is often the single most popular program of the year — attracting half the British population — is a natural for BBC 1; so was the Ali-Frazier fight, which was watched by 27.5 million people.|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002030/https://books.google.com/books?id=dSUvAAAAMAAJ&q=ali+frazier|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[South Korea]]
| 2,000,000
| <ref>{{cite news|title=Most Boxing Buffs Agree With Outcome|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/114440497/|work=[[Poughkeepsie Journal]]|date=March 9, 1971|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=June 30, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630190147/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/114440497/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| {{dts|1973|February|14|format=mdy}}
| [[Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Bugner]]
| United Kingdom
| 20,000,000
| <ref>{{cite book|title=Annual Report and Accounts|date=1972–1973|publisher=[[Independent Broadcasting Authority]]|page=13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cM1aAAAAYAAJ&q=ali+bugner|language=en|quote=And Muhammad Ali, still the greatest attraction in boxing, was seen in action against Jerry Quarry, Bob Foster and finally, in Las Vegas, against Joe Bugner — a fight which attracted an ITV audience of twenty million.|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002031/https://books.google.com/books?id=cM1aAAAAYAAJ&q=ali+bugner|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{dts|1974|October|30|format=mdy}}
| rowspan="2" | [[The Rumble in the Jungle|Muhammad Ali vs. George Foreman (''The Rumble in the Jungle'')]]
| Worldwide
| 1,000,000,000
| <ref name="usatoday">{{cite news|title=Revisiting 'The Rumble in the Jungle' 40 years later|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/boxing/2014/10/29/muhammad-ali-george-foreman-rumble-in-the-jungle-40th-anniversary/18097587/|work=[[USA Today]]|date=October 29, 2014|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 1, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211101103836/https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/boxing/2014/10/29/muhammad-ali-george-foreman-rumble-in-the-jungle-40th-anniversary/18097587/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Mike Tyson May Fight George Foreman In Biggest Money Match: $80 Million|journal=[[Jet (magazine)|Jet]]|date=September 18, 1995|volume=88|issue=19|page=46|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fTkDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA46|publisher=Johnson Publishing Company|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=October 31, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031224046/https://books.google.com/books?id=fTkDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="the guardian">{{cite news|title=How one riotous Rumble changed the world forever|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2004/oct/30/boxing|work=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=October 29, 2022|archive-date=April 15, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415024911/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2004/oct/30/boxing|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Oct 30, 1974 CE: Rumble in the Jungle |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.org/thisday/oct30/rumble-jungle/ |access-date=February 14, 2022 |agency=National Geographic |archive-date=February 14, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220214170110/https://www.nationalgeographic.org/thisday/oct30/rumble-jungle/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| United Kingdom
| 26,000,000
| <ref>{{cite news|title=Daily Mirror|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9tkZAQAAMAAJ&q=26+million|date=November 1, 1974|publisher=Longman Asia|isbn=9789623599856|quote='Ali is so tired he cannot raise his hands. ' The next moment Ali raised his fists and Foreman was knocked out. The 26 million who saw the same fight with the same commentary on BBC-1 ... did not hear that line. "Yes, we cut it out, ' said a BBC man last night, 'to spare Harry Carpenter's blushes.'|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002534/https://books.google.com/books?id=9tkZAQAAMAAJ&q=26+million|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| {{dts|1975|May|16|format=mdy}}
| [[Muhammad Ali vs. Ron Lyle]]
| United States
| 50,000,000
| <ref>{{cite news|last=Anderson|first=Dave|title=Ali, After a Slow Start, Stops Lyle In 11th Round of Championship Bout|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/05/17/archives/ali-after-a-slow-start-stops-lyle-in-11th-round-of-championship.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=May 17, 1975|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 1, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701002010/https://www.nytimes.com/1975/05/17/archives/ali-after-a-slow-start-stops-lyle-in-11th-round-of-championship.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| {{dts|1976|February|20|format=mdy}}
| [[Muhammad Ali vs. Jean-Pierre Coopman]]
| United States
| 40,000,000
| <ref>{{cite news|title=The RING Archive: Muhammad Ali and the pussy cat|url=https://www.ringtv.com/412109-the-ring-archive-muhammad-ali-and-the-pussy-cat/|work=[[The Ring (magazine)|The Ring]]|date=February 20, 2016|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 1, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701083328/https://www.ringtv.com/412109-the-ring-archive-muhammad-ali-and-the-pussy-cat/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| {{dts|1976|April|30|format=mdy}}
| [[Muhammad Ali vs. Jimmy Young]]
| United States
| 33,700,000
| <ref>{{cite news|title=Boxing Back On The Tube In A Big Way|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/northwest-arkansas-times-jan-26-1977-p-12/|work=[[Northwest Arkansas Times]]|date=January 26, 1977|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702175652/https://newspaperarchive.com/northwest-arkansas-times-jan-26-1977-p-12/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| {{dts|1976|May|24|format=mdy}}
| [[Muhammad Ali vs. Richard Dunn]]
| United States
| 65,000,000
| <ref name="jet-shavers"/>
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{dts|1976|June|26|format=mdy}}
| rowspan="2" | [[Muhammad Ali vs. Antonio Inoki]]
| Worldwide
| 1,400,000,000
| <ref>{{cite news|last=McKirdy|first=Andrew|title=How a bizarre 'bout of the century' between Muhammad Ali and Antonio Inoki led to a firm friendship|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/sports/2016/06/07/more-sports/boxing-2/how-a-bizarre-bout-of-the-century-between-muhammad-ali-and-antonio-inoki-led-to-a-firm-friendship/|work=[[The Japan Times]]|date=June 7, 2016|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=January 30, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200130212544/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/sports/2016/06/07/more-sports/boxing-2/how-a-bizarre-bout-of-the-century-between-muhammad-ali-and-antonio-inoki-led-to-a-firm-friendship/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Dwight Jaynes|title=McGregor-Mayweather reminds me of Ali-Inoki and could be the same sort of fiasco|url=https://www.nbcsports.com/northwest/more/mcgregor-mayweather-reminds-me-ali-inoki-and-could-be-same-sort-fiasco|work=[[NBC Sports]]|date=June 15, 2017|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=October 11, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221011144136/https://www.nbcsports.com/northwest/more/mcgregor-mayweather-reminds-me-ali-inoki-and-could-be-same-sort-fiasco|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| Japan
| 54,000,000
| <ref>{{cite news|title=Ten highest-rated Japanese MMA matches|url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/ten-highest-rated-japanese-mma-182200552--spt.html|work=[[Yahoo! Sports]]|date=December 21, 2007|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=October 11, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221011144126/https://www.yahoo.com/news/ten-highest-rated-japanese-mma-182200552--spt.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| {{dts|1977|May|16|format=mdy}}
| [[Muhammad Ali vs. Alfredo Evangelista]]
| United States
| 50,000,000
| <ref>{{cite book|last1=Holmes|first1=Larry|author-link1=Larry Holmes|last2=Berger|first2=Phil|title=Larry Holmes: Against the Odds|date=2007|publisher=[[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]]|isbn=9781429975544|page=124|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dVr5RepSf6AC&pg=PA124|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002535/https://books.google.com/books?id=dVr5RepSf6AC&pg=PA124#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| {{dts|1977|September|29|format=mdy}}
| [[Muhammad Ali vs. Earnie Shavers]]
| United States
| 70,000,000
| <ref name="jet-shavers">{{cite journal|title=Ali-Shavers Bout Most Watched In TV History|journal=[[Jet (magazine)|Jet]]|date=October 20, 1977|volume=53|issue=5|page=54|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nrsDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA54|publisher=[[Johnson Publishing Company]]|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002535/https://books.google.com/books?id=nrsDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA54#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| {{dts|1978|February|15|format=mdy}}
| [[Muhammad Ali vs. Leon Spinks]]
| United States
| 70,000,000
| <ref>{{cite news|title=CBS was big winner when Spinks beat Ali|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/211185428/|work=[[The Times (Shreveport)|The Times]]|date=February 24, 1978|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 3, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703133450/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/211185428/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{dts|1978|September|27|format=mdy}}
| rowspan="2" | [[Leon Spinks vs. Muhammad Ali II]]
| Worldwide
| 2,000,000,000
| <ref name="Detroit">{{cite news|title=Ali maps plans to retire with cameras running|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/98931508/|work=[[Detroit Free Press]]|date=February 1, 1979|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=March 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308105345/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/98931508/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="washington post">{{cite news|title=Leon Spinks, who beat Muhammad Ali in historic upset in 1978, dies at 67|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/leon-spinks-who-beat-muhammad-ali-in-historic-upset-in-1978-dies-at-67/2021/02/06/e66b394c-1c4d-11ea-8d58-5ac3600967a1_story.html|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=October 29, 2022|archive-date=May 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515184806/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/leon-spinks-who-beat-muhammad-ali-in-historic-upset-in-1978-dies-at-67/2021/02/06/e66b394c-1c4d-11ea-8d58-5ac3600967a1_story.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| United States
| 90,000,000
| <ref>{{cite news|title=ABC Captures Huge First Week Ratings|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/107182950/|work=[[The Indianapolis Star]]|date=September 20, 1978|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=March 20, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230320111231/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/107182950/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Fight Viewers Second Only To TV's 'Roots' Series|journal=[[Jet (magazine)|Jet]]|date=October 5, 1978|volume=55|issue=3|page=55|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Zb8DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA55|publisher=[[Johnson Publishing Company]]|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002536/https://books.google.com/books?id=Zb8DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA55#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
!
! Total viewership
! Worldwide
! {{formatnum:{{#expr:5500000000 round -6}}|}}
!
|}
===Pay-per-view bouts===
The earliest form of [[pay-per-view]] boxing telecasts was [[closed-circuit television]], also known as [[theatre television]], where fights were telecast live to a select number of venues, mostly theaters, where viewers paid for tickets to watch the fight live. The use of closed-circuit for boxing telecasts peaked in popularity with Ali in the 1960s and 1970s.<ref name="Ezra">{{cite book|last=Ezra|first=Michael|title=The Economic Civil Rights Movement: African Americans and the Struggle for Economic Power|date=2013|publisher=[[Routledge]]|isbn=9781136274756|page=105|chapter=Muhammad Ali's Main Bout: African American Economic Power and the World Heavyweight Title|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DL41bsCigZcC&pg=PA105|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=October 31, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031223028/https://books.google.com/books?id=DL41bsCigZcC&pg=PA105#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="bloodyelbow">{{cite news|title=History of Prizefighting's Biggest Money Fights|url=https://www.bloodyelbow.com/2017/8/24/16170894/history-of-prizefightings-biggest-money-fights-boxing-mma-ufc|work=[[Bloody Elbow]]|agency=[[SB Nation]]|date=August 24, 2017|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=October 23, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181023055845/https://www.bloodyelbow.com/2017/8/24/16170894/history-of-prizefightings-biggest-money-fights-boxing-mma-ufc|url-status=live}}</ref> Most of Ali's closed-circuit telecasts were handled by his promotion company Main Bout.<ref name="Ezra105"/> The following table lists known ticket sales/buys for Ali fights at closed-circuit venues/theaters:
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%"
|+ Closed-circuit theatre television
! Date !! Fight !! Billing<ref name="eyeonthering">{{cite web |title=Muhammad Ali Fights in the Vault |url=https://eyeonthering.com/fighters/muhammad-ali |website=Eye On The Ring |access-date=September 16, 2018 |archive-date=September 17, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917105250/https://eyeonthering.com/fighters/muhammad-ali |url-status=live }}</ref> !! Region(s) !! Buys !! Revenue !! Revenue {{small|(inflation)}}
|-
| {{dts|1963|March|13|format=mdy}}
| Cassius Clay vs. [[Doug Jones (boxer)|Doug Jones]]
| ''[[Cassius Clay vs. Doug Jones|Clay vs. Jones]]''
| United States
| {{nts|150,000}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Invitation To Murder: Cassius May Get A Crack At Liston This Summer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/107794061/|work=[[The Courier-Journal]]|date=March 14, 1963|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 16, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191116114456/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/107794061/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| $500,000<ref name="newspapers1963">{{cite news|title=Clay-Jones Fight First Garden Sellout in 13 Yrs|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/54847931/|work=[[Traverse City Record-Eagle]]|date=March 13, 1963|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=June 30, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630081133/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/54847931/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|500000|1963|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1964|February|25|format=mdy}}
| [[Sonny Liston]] vs. Cassius Clay
| ''[[Sonny Liston vs. Cassius Clay|Greatest Fight In History]]''
| United States
| {{nts|700,000}}<ref name="Ezra82">{{cite book|last=Ezra|first=Michael|title=Muhammad Ali: The Making of an Icon|date=2009|publisher=[[Temple University Press]]|isbn=9781592136612|page=82|chapter=Muhammad Ali's Main Bout: African American Economic Power and the World Heavyweight Title|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gh3rtDyeSAIC&pg=PA82|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=October 31, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031223533/https://books.google.com/books?id=Gh3rtDyeSAIC&pg=PA82#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
| $5,000,000<ref name="Ezra82"/>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|5000000|1964|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1965|May|25|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Sonny Liston]] II
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Sonny Liston|Champion vs. Ex-Champion]]''
| United States
| {{nts|630,000}}<ref name="mee"/>
| $4,300,000<ref name="Ezra"/>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|4300000|1965|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1965|November|22|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Floyd Patterson]]
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Floyd Patterson|Ali vs. Patterson]]''<ref>{{cite web |title=Muhammad Ali v. Floyd Patterson boxing ticket |url=https://nmaahc.si.edu/object/nmaahc_2014.194.2 |website=[[National Museum of African American History and Culture]] |publisher=[[Smithsonian Institution]] |access-date=September 16, 2018 |language=en |archive-date=September 17, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917105304/https://nmaahc.si.edu/object/nmaahc_2014.194.2 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| United States
| {{nts|500,000}}<ref>{{cite news |title=Clay Selects Terrell As Next Title Foe |url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/48685114/ |work=[[Independent Tribune|The Daily Independent]] |date=November 23, 1965 |access-date=April 15, 2019 |archive-date=November 16, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191116114457/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/48685114/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
| $4,000,000<ref name="Ezra"/>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|4000000|1965|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1966|March|29|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[George Chuvalo]]
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. George Chuvalo|The Second Reckoning]]''
| United States
| {{nts|46,000}}<ref name="Ezra16">{{cite book|last=Ezra|first=Michael|title=The Economic Civil Rights Movement: African Americans and the Struggle for Economic Power|date=2013|publisher=[[Routledge]]|isbn=9781136274749|chapter=Muhammad Ali's Main Bout: African American Economic Power and the World Heavyweight Title|page=16|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QfTOECi6wtYC&pg=RA3-PA16|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002536/https://books.google.com/books?id=QfTOECi6wtYC&pg=RA3-PA16#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
| $230,000<ref name="Ezra16"/>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|230000|1966|r=-4}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1966|May|21|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Henry Cooper]] II
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Henry Cooper II|Friday Night of the Century]]''
| England
| {{nts|40,000}}<ref name="Ezra114">{{cite book|last=Ezra|first=Michael|title=The Economic Civil Rights Movement: African Americans and the Struggle for Economic Power|date=2013|publisher=[[Routledge]]|isbn=9781136274756|page=114|chapter=Muhammad Ali's Main Bout: African American Economic Power and the World Heavyweight Title|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DL41bsCigZcC&pg=PA114|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002537/https://books.google.com/books?id=DL41bsCigZcC&pg=PA114#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
| $1,500,000<ref name="Ezra114"/>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|1500000|1966|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1966|August|6|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Brian London]]
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Brian London|Ali vs. British Bulldog]]''
| England
| {{nts|38,000}}<ref>{{cite news |title=The Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/52514887/ |date=August 9, 1966 |access-date=April 15, 2019 |archive-date=September 11, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911083406/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/52514887/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
| $300,000<ref name="Ezra114"/>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|300000|1966|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1966|November|14|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Cleveland Williams]]
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Cleveland Williams|Ali vs. Williams]]''
| United States
| {{nts|500,000}}<ref name="Ezra114"/>
| {{US$|{{#expr:500000*7.5}}|long=no}}<ref name="Ezra114"/>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|3750000|1965|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1967|February|6|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Ernie Terrell]]
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Ernie Terrell|The Battle of Champions]]''
| United States
| {{nts|800,000}}<ref name="Philadelphia">{{cite news|title=Terrell Gets Crack at Unbeaten Clay|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/179875868/|work=[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]]|date=February 5, 1967|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 16, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191116114500/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/179875868/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{#expr:800000*5}}|long=no}}<ref name="Philadelphia"/>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|4000000|1966|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{dts|1970|January|20|format=mdy}}
| rowspan="2" | Muhammad Ali vs. [[Rocky Marciano]]
| rowspan="2" | ''[[The Super Fight]]''
| Western world
|
| $5,000,000<ref name="Enterprise">{{cite news |title=Ali vs. Marciano: Who wins? |url=http://www.enterprisenews.com/article/20090901/News/309019646 |work=[[The Enterprise (Brockton)|The Enterprise]] |date=September 1, 2009 |access-date=July 19, 2016 |archive-date=September 14, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160914161353/http://www.enterprisenews.com/article/20090901/News/309019646 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|5000000|1970|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| United States
| {{nts|{{#expr:2500000/5}}}}<ref name="Sullivan"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Dayton Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/398063977/ |date=January 21, 1970 |access-date=April 15, 2019 |archive-date=September 11, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911081748/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/398063977/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
| $2,500,000<ref name="Sullivan">{{cite book |last=Sullivan |first=Russell |title=Rocky Marciano: The Rock of His Times |date=2002 |publisher=[[University of Illinois Press]] |isbn=9780252027635 |page=286 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BH4LHMbERT8C&pg=PA286 |access-date=April 15, 2019 |archive-date=November 6, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002537/https://books.google.com/books?id=BH4LHMbERT8C&pg=PA286#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|2500000|1970|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1970|October|26|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Jerry Quarry]]
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Jerry Quarry|Return of the Champion]]''
| United States
| {{nts|{{formatnum:{{#expr:900000*(70/100)}}|long=no}}}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Ali wants Frazier after TKO over Quarry|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/auburn-citizen-advertiser-oct-27-1970-p-17/|work=[[Auburn Citizen]]|date=October 27, 1970|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702011155/https://newspaperarchive.com/auburn-citizen-advertiser-oct-27-1970-p-17/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Ezra82"/>
| $3,500,000<ref>{{cite news|title=Clay-Quarry fight to gross $3.5 million|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/207159853/|work=[[Battle Creek Enquirer]]|date=November 10, 1970|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 16, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191116114458/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/207159853/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|3500000|1970|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| rowspan="3" | {{dts|1971|March|8|format=mdy}}
| rowspan="3" | Muhammad Ali vs. [[Joe Frazier]]
| rowspan="3" | ''[[Fight of the Century]]''
| [[Anglosphere]]
| {{nts|{{formatnum:{{#expr:2500000+90000}}|long=no}}}}
| {{US$|{{#expr:45000000+750000}}|long=no}}
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|45750000|1971|r=-8}}|long=no}}
|-
| United States
| {{nts|2,500,000}}<ref>{{cite book|last1=Frazier|first1=Joe|author-link1=Joe Frazier|last2=Berger|first2=Phil|title=Smokin' Joe: The Autobiography of a Heavyweight Champion of the World, Smokin' Joe Frazier|date=2013|publisher=[[AudioGO]]|isbn=9781620642160|page=104|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6_cuDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT104|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003054/https://books.google.com/books?id=6_cuDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT104|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{#expr:30000000+15000000}}|long=no}}<ref>{{cite book|last=Ryan|first=Joe|title=Heavyweight Boxing in the 1970s: The Great Fighters and Rivalries|date=2013|publisher=[[McFarland & Company|McFarland]]|isbn=9780786492497|page=65|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xY4I-7T4Q5gC&pg=PA65|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003100/https://books.google.com/books?id=xY4I-7T4Q5gC&pg=PA65#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|45000000|1971|r=-6}}|long=no}}
|-
| London
| {{nts|90,000}}<ref>{{cite news|title=The Promoters Loved the Fight But Some Fans Call It 'a Bore'|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/98957162/|work=[[Detroit Free Press]]|date=March 10, 1971|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=May 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511015929/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/98957162/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| $750,000<ref>{{cite news|title='Bugner's British Bunch' Travels To See Ali Bout|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/212171990/|work=[[The News-Press]]|date=February 2, 1973|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=May 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511162703/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/212171990/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|750000|1971|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1973|February|14|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Joe Bugner]]
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Bugner|Fight of a Lifetime]]''
| United Kingdom
| {{nts|30,000}}<ref name="Philadelphia73">{{cite news|title=Ali{{mdash}}Old Punch Gone{{mdash}}Still Gets Big Offers|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/180359569/|work=[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]]|date=February 16, 1973|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 3, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703133448/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/180359569/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{#expr:30000*10}}|long=no}}<ref name="Philadelphia73"/>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|300000|1973|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1974|January|28|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Joe Frazier]] II
| ''[[Super Fight II]]''
| United States
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:17000000/15 round -5}}|long=no}}<ref name="Lompoc"/>
| $17,000,000<ref name="Lompoc">{{cite news|title=Ali-Frazier show is a hit|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/lompoc-record-jan-29-1974-p-6/|work=[[Lompoc Record]]|date=January 29, 1974|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702012747/https://newspaperarchive.com/lompoc-record-jan-29-1974-p-6/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|17000000|1974|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{dts|1974|October|30|format=mdy}}
| rowspan="2" | Muhammad Ali vs. [[George Foreman]]
| rowspan="2" | ''[[The Rumble in the Jungle]]''
| Worldwide
| {{nts|50,000,000}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Zaire's fight promotion opens new gold mines|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/28336306/|work=[[The Morning Herald]]|date=November 18, 1974|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=August 5, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805080748/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/28336306/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| $100,000,000<ref>{{cite journal|title=New Times|journal=[[New Times (magazine)|New Times]]|date=1974|volume=3|page=116|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XltXAAAAYAAJ&q=ali+foreman+100+million|publisher=New Times Communications Corp.|quote=No, if the Ali-Foreman story is just going to be about Race and Religion, forget the millions of dollars this fight can make, forget the shot in the arm this championship bout will give to boxing, forget gigundo grosses from the documentary movies of the fight, the training camps and that three-day black music festival in Zaire, forget that possible total of $100 million in revenues|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003051/https://books.google.com/books?id=XltXAAAAYAAJ&q=ali+foreman+100+million|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Kabanda|first=Aloys|title=Ali/Foreman: le combat du siècle à Kinshasa, 29–30 octobre 1974 : introduit par une étude sur la République du Zaïre|date=1977|publisher=Naaman|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O74KAQAAIAAJ|language=fr|quote=Soit, pour Don King et ses amis, c'est la fin de leurs dépenses d'énergie pour trouver de l'argent nécessaire pour le coup le plus formidable jamais réalisé dans le show-boxing business et il prévoit une recette pouvant aller de 35 à 100 millions de dollars.|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003051/https://books.google.com/books?id=O74KAQAAIAAJ|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|100000000|1974|r=-7}}|long=no}}
|-
| United States
| {{nts|3,000,000}}<ref name="bloodyelbow"/>
| {{US$|{{#expr:3000000*20}}|long=no}}<ref name="bloodyelbow"/>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|60000000|1974|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1975|March|24|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Chuck Wepner]]
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Chuck Wepner|Chance of a Lifetime]]''
| United States
| {{nts|500,000}}<ref>{{cite news|title=All batters Wepner in 15-round win|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/43266833/|work=[[The Capital]]|date=March 25, 1975|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 5, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705175723/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/43266833/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| $5,000,000<ref>{{cite news|title=Promoter likes format used for Mon. fight|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/55716764/|work=[[Traverse City Record-Eagle]]|date=March 26, 1975|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 5, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180109/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/55716764/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|5000000|1975|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{dts|1975|October|1|format=mdy}}
| rowspan="2" | Muhammad Ali vs. [[Joe Frazier]] III
| rowspan="2" | ''[[Thrilla in Manila]]''
| Worldwide
| {{nts|100,000,000}}<ref>{{cite journal|title=Karriem Allah|journal=[[Black Belt (magazine)|Black Belt]]|date=1976|page=35|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XtUDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA35|publisher=Active Interest Media, Inc.|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003052/https://books.google.com/books?id=XtUDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA35#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
| $100,000,000
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|100000000|1975|r=-8}}|long=no}}
|-
| United States
| {{nts|3,000,000}}<ref name="bloodyelbow"/>
| {{US$|{{#expr:3000000*20}}|long=no}}<ref name="bloodyelbow"/>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|60000000|1975|r=-6}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1976|June|26|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Antonio Inoki]]
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Antonio Inoki|War of the Worlds]]''
| United States
| {{nts|{{formatnum:{{#expr:1000000*2}}|long=no}}}}<ref>{{cite book|last=Stravinsky|first=John|title=Muhammad Ali|date=1998|publisher=Literary Express|isbn=9781581650457|page=133|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9ZLFk0KqxUcC&q=millions|quote=Probably the dullest event in sports history, it was watched by millions over closed-circuit television as well as by suckers in Tokyo who forked over $1,000 per ringside seat.|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003057/https://books.google.com/books?id=9ZLFk0KqxUcC&q=millions|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{#expr:2000000*10}}|long=no}}<ref>{{cite news|last=Bull|first=Andy|title=The forgotten story of ... Muhammad Ali v Antonio Inoki|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2009/nov/11/the-forgotten-story-of-ali-inoki|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=November 11, 2009|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=December 26, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151226185741/http://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2009/nov/11/the-forgotten-story-of-ali-inoki|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|20000000|1976|r=-7}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1976|September|28|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Ken Norton]] III
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Ken Norton III|Ali's Revenge]]''
| United States
| {{nts|1,500,000}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Ali Wins On Decision|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/45803479/|work=[[Danville Register & Bee|The Bee]]|date=September 29, 1976|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 16, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191116114505/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/45803479/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{#expr:(1500000*20)+3500000}}|long=no}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Ali, Norton meet Tuesday in title fight|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/277453071/|work=[[Hattiesburg American]]|date=September 26, 1976|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702011454/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/277453071/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Muhammad Ali vs. Ken Norton (3rd meeting) |url=http://boxrec.com/media/index.php/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ken_Norton_(3rd_meeting) |website=[[BoxRec]] |access-date=September 17, 2018 |archive-date=September 19, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919061701/http://boxrec.com/media/index.php/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ken_Norton_(3rd_meeting) |url-status=live }}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|33500000|1976|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1985|March|31|format=mdy}}
| [[WrestleMania I]]
| ''[[WrestleMania I|WrestleMania]]''
| United States
| {{nts|1,000,000}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Wrestlemania In Photographs: 1–10|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/wwe/wrestlemania-in-photographs-1-10|work=Sportskeeda|date=April 1, 2017|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=October 31, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031001134/https://www.sportskeeda.com/wwe/wrestlemania-in-photographs-1-10|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{#expr:1000000*10}}|long=no}}<ref>{{cite news|title=St. Cloud Times|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/223114664/|date=April 1, 1985|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 6, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706190701/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/223114664/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|10000000|1985|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
!
! Total sales
!
! Worldwide
! {{formatnum:{{#expr:150000+700000+630000+500000+46000+40000+38000+800000+500000+500000+630000+2590000+30000+50000000+500000+100000000+2000000+1500000+1000000}}|long=no}}
! ${{formatnum:{{#expr:500000+5000000+4300000+4000000+230000+1500000+300000+4000000+3750000+5000000+3500000+45750000+750000+300000+17000000+100000000+5000000+100000000+20000000+33500000+10000000}}|long=no}}
! $2,016,420,000
|}
Professional boxing was introduced to [[pay-per-view]] home cable television with several Muhammad Ali fights, especially the ''[[Thrilla in Manila]]'' fight between Ali and [[Joe Frazier]] in 1975, which was transmitted through [[HBO]].<ref name="askmen">{{cite web|author=Steve Seepersaud |url=http://ca.askmen.com/sports/business_60/99_sports_business.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070310081737/http://ca.askmen.com/sports/business_60/99_sports_business.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 10, 2007 |title=Money in Boxing: The Pay-Per-View Craze |publisher=Ca.askmen.com |access-date=November 3, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Steve Seepersaud |url=https://www.youtube.com/user/93599Productions |title=Money in Boxing: The Pay-Per-View Craze |publisher=Ca.askmen.com |access-date=November 3, 2011 |archive-date=September 6, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130906164204/http://www.youtube.com/user/93599Productions |url-status=live }}</ref> Ali had several fights broadcast on early pay-per-view home television:
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%"
|+ Pay-per-view home television
! Date !! Fight !! Billing<ref name="eyeonthering"/> !! Network !! Region(s) !! Buys !! Revenue !! Revenue {{small|(inflation)}}
|-
| {{dts|1963|March|13|format=mdy}}
| Cassius Clay vs. [[Doug Jones (boxer)|Doug Jones]]
| ''[[Cassius Clay vs. Doug Jones|Clay vs. Jones]]''
|
| United States
| <ref name="newspapers1963"/>
|
|
|-
| {{dts|1964|February|25|format=mdy}}
| [[Sonny Liston]] vs. Cassius Clay
| ''[[Sonny Liston vs. Cassius Clay|Greatest Fight In History]]''
| [[WUVN|WHCT]]<ref>{{cite journal|title=Can the fine arts find a home on television?|journal=[[Broadcasting & Cable|Broadcasting]]|date=1972|volume=83|page=38|url=http://www.projectstraightink.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/1972-12-11-BC-watermark.pdf#page=38|publisher=Broadcasting Publications Incorporated|quote=Noting that many in the arts community have rested their hopes on pay cable, Mr. Jencks recalled that during a pay-TV experiment over WHCT(TV) Hartford, Conn., 96% of all viewing time was devoted to motion pictures and sports events. A single boxing match between Sonny Liston and Muhammad Ali, Mr. Jencks said, attracted nearly four times as many subscribers as the cumulative total of all 50 "educational features" offered by WHCT over a two-year period.|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180511191906/http://www.projectstraightink.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/1972-12-11-BC-watermark.pdf#page=38|archive-date=May 11, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| United States
| {{nts|250,000}}<ref name="Ezra83">{{cite book|last=Ezra|first=Michael|title=Muhammad Ali: The Making of an Icon|date=2009|publisher=[[Temple University Press]]|isbn=9781592136612|page=83|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gh3rtDyeSAIC&pg=PA83|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003053/https://books.google.com/books?id=Gh3rtDyeSAIC&pg=PA83#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{#expr:250000*3}}|long=no}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Pay Television on Trial|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/149113437/|work=[[The Pittsburgh Press]]|date=February 4, 1963|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 1, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701055156/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/149113437/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Subscription Television (STV – Pay TV)|date=December 1976|publisher=[[Federal Communications Commission]]|page=6|url=https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED136808.pdf#page=6|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=February 17, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170217205720/http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED136808.pdf#page=6|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|750000|1964|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1965|November|22|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Floyd Patterson]]
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Floyd Patterson|Ali vs. Patterson]]''
|
| United States
|
| $150,000<ref>{{cite news|title=Need Convincing Fight to Restore Confidence|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/30704373/|work=[[Independent Press-Telegram]]|date=November 21, 1965|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=June 30, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630214109/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/30704373/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|150000|1965|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1966|May|21|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Henry Cooper]] II
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Henry Cooper II|Friday Night of the Century]]''
| Pay TV
| United Kingdom
| {{nts|40,000}}<ref name="haynes"/>
| {{US$|{{#expr:(40000*4)/0.35714 round 0}}|long=no}}<ref>{{cite journal|title=BKSTS Journal|journal=BKSTS Journal|date=1973|volume=55|page=46|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sIspAQAAIAAJ&q=Clay+Cooper|publisher=[[British Kinematograph, Sound and Television Society]]|quote=In 1966 Pay TV started a 3-year experiment in transmitting films, minority appeal programmes, sporting events and local programmes for which the viewer paid for the period of time during which he was actually viewing. This varied from six shillings for a film to £4 for the entire boxing show which included Cassius Clay v. Henry Cooper.|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003053/https://books.google.com/books?id=sIspAQAAIAAJ&q=Clay+Cooper|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="sauder">{{cite web|title=Pacific Exchange Rate Service (0.35714 GBP per USD)|url=http://fx.sauder.ubc.ca/etc/USDpages.pdf|website=[[UBC Sauder School of Business]]|publisher=[[University of British Columbia]]|year=1966|access-date=November 21, 2017|archive-date=May 12, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150512095429/http://fx.sauder.ubc.ca/etc/USDpages.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{#expr:{{To USD|{{Inflation|UK|160000|1966}}|GBR|round=yes}} round -4}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1966|November|14|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Ernie Terrell]]
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Ernie Terrell|The Battle of Champions]]''
| [[Hartford]]
| United States
| <ref>{{cite book|last=Ezra|first=Michael|title=The Economic Civil Rights Movement: African Americans and the Struggle for Economic Power|date=2013|publisher=[[Routledge]]|isbn=9781136274756|page=115|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DL41bsCigZcC&pg=PA115}}</ref>
|
|
|-
| {{dts|1975|October|1|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Joe Frazier]] III
| ''[[Thrilla in Manila]]''
| [[HBO]]
| United States
| {{nts|500,000}}<ref>{{cite book|last=Smith|first=Ronald A.|title=Play-by-Play: Radio, Television, and Big-Time College Sport|date=2003|publisher=[[Johns Hopkins University Press]]|isbn=9780801876929|page=101|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CMKqn6LzsBIC&pg=PP101|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003634/https://books.google.com/books?id=CMKqn6LzsBIC&pg=PP101#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{#expr:500000*20}}|long=no}}<ref>{{cite news|title=The Morning News|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/157225369/|date=November 30, 1975|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=June 30, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630185942/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/157225369/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|10000000|1975|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1981|December|11|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Trevor Berbick]]
| ''[[Drama in Bahama]]''
| SelectTV
| United States
| <ref>{{cite news|title=Cable packaging next Ali fight|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/lowell-sun-nov-28-1981-p-16/|work=[[Lowell Sun]]|date=November 28, 1981|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 1, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701194206/https://newspaperarchive.com/lowell-sun-nov-28-1981-p-16/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|
|
|-
!
! Total sales
!
!
!
! {{formatnum:{{#expr:250000+40000+500000}}|long=no}}
! $11,348,004
! $62,640,000
|}
==See also==
{{Portal|Sports}}
* [[List of heavyweight boxing champions]]
* [[List of WBA world champions]]
* [[List of WBC world champions]]
* [[List of The Ring world champions|List of ''The Ring'' world champions]]
* [[List of undisputed boxing champions]]
* [[Notable boxing families]]
==Notes==
{{Notelist}}
{{reflist|group=note}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
{{Wikiquote|Muhammad Ali}}
{{Commons category|Muhammad Ali}}
* {{Official website|https://web.archive.org/web/20181112191859/http://muhammadali.com:80/}} (November 2018 archive)
* {{Boxrec|id=000180}}
* [https://boxrec.com/media/index.php/NYSAC_World_Heavyweight_Champion NYSAC World Heavyweight Champion – BoxRec]
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{{s-ttl|title=[[List of US national Golden Gloves light heavyweight champions|U.S. Golden Gloves<br>light heavyweight champion]]
|years=1959}}
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{{s-ttl|title=[[List of United States national amateur boxing light heavyweight champions|U.S. light heavyweight champion]]
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|years=September 10, 1973 – [[The Rumble in the Jungle|October 30, 1974]]<br>Won world title}}
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|years=[[Muhammad Ali vs. Sonny Liston#Liston vs. Clay I|February 25, 1964]] – September 14, 1964<br>Stripped}}
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|years=February 25, 1964 – March 11, 1969<br>Stripped}}
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{{s-ttl|title=[[List of The Ring world champions#Heavyweight|''The Ring'' heavyweight champion]]
|years=February 25, 1964 – March 13, 1970<br>Stripped}}
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|years=February 25, 1964 – September 14, 1964<br>Titles fragmented}}
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|years=[[Muhammad Ali vs. Ernie Terrell|February 6, 1967]] – April 28, 1967<br>Stripped}}
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|years=February 6, 1967 – April 28, 1967<br>Titles fragmented}}
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{{s-bef|rows=4|before=George Foreman}}
{{s-ttl|title=WBA heavyweight champion
|years=October 30, 1974 – February 15, 1978}}
{{s-aft|rows=4|after=[[Leon Spinks]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=WBC heavyweight champion
|years=October 30, 1974 – February 15, 1978}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-ttl|title=''The Ring'' heavyweight champion
|years=October 30, 1974 – February 15, 1978}}
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{{s-ttl|title=Undisputed heavyweight champion
|years=October 30, 1974 – February 15, 1978}}
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{{s-bef|rows=2|before=Leon Spinks}}
{{s-ttl|title=WBA heavyweight champion
|years=September 15, 1978 – October 18, 1979<br>Vacated}}
{{s-vac|next=[[John Tate (boxer)|John Tate]]}}
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{{s-ttl|title=''The Ring'' heavyweight champion
|years=September 15, 1978 – July 4, 1979<br>Retired}}
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{{s-after|after=[[Arthur Ashe]]}}
{{s-before|before=[[Niki Lauda]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=BBC Overseas<br>Sports Personality of the Year
|years=1978}}
{{s-after|after=[[Björn Borg]]}}
{{s-ach|rec}}
{{s-before|before=Ernie Terrell}}
{{s-ttl|title=Oldest living<br>world heavyweight champion
|years=December 16, 2014 – June 3, 2016}}
{{s-after|after=George Foreman}}
{{s-sports|oly}}
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{{s-ttl|title=[[List of people who have lit the Olympic Cauldron|Final Summer Olympic torchbearer]]
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{{s-after|after=[[Cathy Freeman]]}}
{{s-end}}
{{Muhammad Ali|state=expanded}}
{{Navboxes|title=Articles related to Muhammad Ali|list1=
{{SI Sportsman of the Year}}
{{Associated Press Male Athlete of the Year navbox}}
{{Footer Olympic Champions Boxing Light Heavyweight}}
{{Footer USA Boxing 1960 Summer Olympics}}
{{Ring magazine Fighter of the Year}}
{{Sugar Ray Robinson Award}}
{{Hickok Belt}}
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{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ali, Muhammad}}
[[Category:Muhammad Ali| ]]
[[Category:African-American boxers]]
[[Category:Boxers from Kentucky]]
[[Category:International Boxing Hall of Fame inductees]]
[[Category:Medalists at the 1960 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:The Ring (magazine) champions]]
[[Category:Winners of the United States Championship for amateur boxers]]
[[Category:World Boxing Association champions]]
[[Category:World Boxing Council champions]]
[[Category:World heavyweight boxing champions]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit ($1) (new_wikitext) | '{{short description|Overview of Muhammad Ali's boxing career}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2023}}
{{Infobox boxer
| name = Muhammad Ali
| image = Ali the greatest 1976.jpg 💪🏿😀😊😊😇🤣😂😍😍😙😉☺️😂🙂🥰😚😚😚😍😊☺️
| caption = Ali in 1976
| nickname = {{plainlist|
*''The Greatest''
*''The Louisville Lip''
*''The People's Champion''
}}
| weight = [[Heavyweight]]
| height = 6 ft 3 in<ref name=BoxRec>{{boxrec|180}}. Retrieved June 5, 2016.</ref>
| reach = 78 in<ref name=BoxRec />
| nationality = American
| birth_name = Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.
| birth_date = {{birth date|1942|1|17}}
| birth_place = [[Louisville, Kentucky]], U.S.
| death_date = {{death date and age|2016|6|3|1942|1|17}}
| death_place = [[Scottsdale, Arizona]], U.S.
| style = [[Orthodox stance|Orthodox]]<!-- This is a boxing term, not a religious one -->
| boxrec = 180
| total = 61
| wins = 56
| KO = 37
| losses = 5
| website = {{URL|https://web.archive.org/web/20181112191859/http://muhammadali.com:80/|muhammadali.com}}
| medaltemplates =
{{MedalSport | Men's amateur boxing}}
{{MedalCompetition | [[Olympic Games]]}}
{{MedalCountry | the {{USA}} }}
{{MedalGold | [[1960 Rome]] | [[Boxing at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight|Light-heavyweight]]}}
{{MedalCompetition | [[Intercity Golden Gloves]]}}
{{MedalGold | 1959 Chicago | [[List of US national Golden Gloves light heavyweight champions|Light-heavyweight]]}}
{{MedalGold | 1960 New York | [[List of US national Golden Gloves heavyweight champions|Heavyweight]]}}
{{MedalCompetition | [[Chicago Golden Gloves]]}}
{{MedalGold | 1959 Chicago | Light-heavyweight}}
{{MedalGold | 1960 Chicago | Light-heavyweight}}
{{MedalCompetition | [[United States national amateur boxing championships|US National Championships]]}}
{{MedalGold | 1959 Toledo | [[List of United States national amateur boxing light heavyweight champions|Light-heavyweight]]}}
{{MedalGold | 1960 Toledo | Light-heavyweight}}
}}
[[Muhammad Ali]] was a boxer who mastered the [[rope-a-dope]] fighting technique. He is widely regarded by many boxing commentators and historians as the greatest [[heavyweight]] [[boxing|boxer]] of all time. Boxing magazine ''[[The Ring (magazine)|The Ring]]'' named him number one in a 1998 ranking of greatest heavyweights from all eras.<ref name="ring">{{cite web |url=http://www.boxinginsider.com/columns/was-ali-the-greatest-heavyweight/ |title=Was Ali the Greatest Heavyweight? |publisher=Boxinginsider.com |last=Donelson |first=Tom |date=July 14, 2008 |access-date=September 4, 2016 |archive-date=November 9, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161109171120/http://www.boxinginsider.com/columns/was-ali-the-greatest-heavyweight/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1999, ''[[The Associated Press]]'' voted Ali the number one heavyweight of the 20th century.<ref name="ap">{{cite web |url=http://static.espn.go.com/boxing/news/1999/1208/221260.html |title=AP Fighters of the Century list |access-date=February 12, 2012 |archive-date=August 2, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180802053209/http://static.espn.go.com/boxing/news/1999/1208/221260.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
In 1999, Ali was named the second greatest boxer in the history of combat sports, [[pound for pound]] by [[ESPN]]. He was only behind the [[welterweight]] and [[middleweight]] legend [[Sugar Ray Robinson]].<ref name="espn">{{cite news|url=http://espn.go.com/boxing/fnf/981202topten.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080107172258/http://espn.go.com/boxing/fnf/981202topten.html|archive-date=January 7, 2008 |title=Sugar Ray Robinson wins split decision from Ali |publisher=ESPN |date=September 6, 1999 |access-date=April 26, 2009}}</ref> In December 2007, ESPN placed Ali second in its choice of the greatest heavyweights of all time, behind [[Joe Louis]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amazon.com/dp/B000R7HY5K |title=ESPN Classic Ringside: Top 10 Heavyweights |website=Amazon |date=September 25, 2007 |access-date=January 29, 2012 |archive-date=February 25, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225094400/https://www.amazon.com/dp/B000R7HY5K |url-status=live }}</ref> He was inducted in the [[International Boxing Hall of Fame]] in the inaugural class of 1990.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1990/04/07/Boxing-Hall-of-Fame-names-first-inductees/6244639460800/|title=Boxing Hall of Fame names first inductees – UPI Archives|website=UPI|access-date=May 22, 2021|archive-date=January 31, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220131054353/https://www.upi.com/Archives/1990/04/07/Boxing-Hall-of-Fame-names-first-inductees/6244639460800/|url-status=live}}</ref>
== Early career ==
[[File:1961 Cassius Clay vs. Donnie Fleeman On-Site Poster.jpg|thumb|upright|On-site poster for Cassius Clay's fifth professional bout]]
Clay made his professional debut on October 29, 1960, winning a six-round decision over [[Tunney Hunsaker]]. From then until the end of 1963, Clay amassed a record of 19–0 with 15 wins by knockout. He defeated boxers including Tony Esperti, [[Jim Robinson (boxer)|Jim Robinson]], Donnie Fleeman, Alonzo Johnson, George Logan, Willi Besmanoff, [[LaMar Clark]], [[Doug Jones (boxer)|Doug Jones]] and [[Henry Cooper]]. Clay also beat his former trainer and veteran boxer [[Archie Moore]] in a 1962 match.<ref>{{cite news|last=Calkins|first=Matt|url=http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/2014/nov/17/archie-moore-the52-boxing-heavyweight/|title=Archie Moore was the KO king|work=[[U-T San Diego]]|date=November 17, 2014|access-date=June 15, 2016|archive-date=August 11, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160811005535/http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/2014/nov/17/archie-moore-the52-boxing-heavyweight/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mgDK3q6GWI8C|title=Ali in Action: The Man, the Moves, the Mouth|first=Les|last=Krantz|date=January 1, 2008|publisher=Globe Pequot|access-date=June 15, 2016|via=Google Books|isbn=9781599213026}}</ref>
These early fights were not without trials. Clay was knocked down by both [[Sonny Banks]] and Cooper. In the Cooper fight, Clay was floored by a left [[Hook (boxing)|hook]] at the end of round four, and was groggy when he got up at the count of three. However, the round had ended by the time he rose, and he recovered between rounds, going on to win in the predicted 5th round due to Cooper's severely cut eye. The fight with Doug Jones on March 13, 1963, was Clay's toughest fight during this stretch. The number two and three heavyweight contenders respectively, Clay and Jones fought on Jones' home turf at New York's [[Madison Square Garden (1925)|Madison Square Garden]]. Jones staggered Clay in the first round, and the unanimous decision for Clay was greeted by boos and a rain of debris thrown into the ring. Watching on closed-circuit TV, heavyweight champ Sonny Liston quipped that if he fought Clay he might get locked up for murder. The fight was later named "Fight of the Year" by ''The Ring'' magazine.<ref>{{cite news|last=Velin|first=Bob|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/2016/06/04/muhammad-ali-fight-by-fight-career/85341622/|title=Fight by fight: Muhammad Ali's legendary career|work=[[USA Today]]|date=June 4, 2016|access-date=June 15, 2016|archive-date=June 15, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160615060046/http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/2016/06/04/muhammad-ali-fight-by-fight-career/85341622/|url-status=live}}</ref>
In each of these fights, Clay vocally belittled his opponents and vaunted his abilities. He called Jones "an ugly little man" and Cooper a "bum." He said he was embarrassed to get in the ring with Alex Miteff and claimed that Madison Square Garden was "too small for me."<ref name=Mee>Bob Mee, ''Ali and Liston: The Boy Who Would Be King and the Ugly Bear'', 2011.</ref> His provocative and outlandish behavior in the ring was inspired by [[professional wrestler]] [[Gorgeous George|"Gorgeous George" Wagner]].<ref name="SI">{{cite magazine|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1114630/index.htm |title=King Strut |first=John |last=Capouya |magazine=[[Sports Illustrated]] |access-date=March 14, 2017 |date=December 12, 2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110603232105/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1114630/index.htm |archive-date=June 3, 2011 }}</ref> Ali stated in a 1969 interview with the Associated Press' Hubert Mizel that he met with Gorgeous George in Las Vegas in 1961 and that the wrestler inspired him to use wrestling jargon when he did interviews.<ref name=georgali>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbssports.com/general/news/how-muhammad-alis-fascination-with-pro-wrestling-fueled-his-career-inspired-mma/|title=How Muhammad Ali's fascination with pro wrestling fueled his career, inspired MMA|first=Denny|last=Burkholder|work=CBS Sports|date=June 6, 2016|access-date=October 2, 2016|archive-date=August 7, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220807202007/https://www.cbssports.com/general/news/how-muhammad-alis-fascination-with-pro-wrestling-fueled-his-career-inspired-mma/|url-status=live}}</ref>
In 1960, Clay left Moore's camp, partially due to his refusal to do chores such as washing dishes and sweeping. To replace Moore, Clay hired [[Angelo Dundee]] to be his trainer. Clay had met Dundee in February 1957 during Clay's amateur career.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://espn.go.com/boxing/story/_/id/7470417/muhammad-ali-was-continues-greatest | publisher=ESPN | title=Dundee: Ali was, still is 'The Greatest' | date=January 17, 2012 | access-date=January 17, 2012 | first1=Carlos | last1=Irusta | archive-date=January 19, 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120119214342/http://espn.go.com/boxing/story/_/id/7470417/muhammad-ali-was-continues-greatest | url-status=live }}</ref> Around this time, Clay sought longtime idol [[Sugar Ray Robinson]] to be his manager, but was rebuffed.<ref>{{cite book |last=Haygood |first=Wil |author-link=Wil Haygood |title=Sweet Thunder: The Life and Times of Sugar Ray Robinson |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q_nfLUMzlM0C&pg=PA378 |page=378 |publisher=[[Chicago Review Press]] |date=April 1, 2011 |access-date=June 24, 2016 |isbn=9781569768648 |archive-date=October 31, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031223022/https://books.google.com/books?id=Q_nfLUMzlM0C&pg=PA378#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref>
== World heavyweight champion ==
=== Fights against Liston ===
{{Main|Muhammad Ali vs. Sonny Liston}}
By late 1963, Clay had become the top contender for Sonny Liston's title. The fight was set for February 25, 1964, in [[Miami Beach]]. Liston was an intimidating personality, a dominating fighter with a criminal past and ties to the mob. Based on Clay's uninspired performance against Jones and Cooper in his previous two fights, and Liston's destruction of former heavyweight champion [[Floyd Patterson]] in two first-round knock outs, Clay was an 8:1 underdog.<ref name="Liston">{{cite news |first=Robert |last=Lipsyte |title=Clay Wins Title in Seventh-Round Upset As Liston Is Halted by Shoulder Injury |url=https://www.nytimes.com/books/98/10/25/specials/ali-upset.html |work=The New York Times |date=February 26, 1964 |access-date=December 27, 2008 |archive-date=April 10, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090410085134/http://www.nytimes.com/books/98/10/25/specials/ali-upset.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Despite this, Clay taunted Liston during the pre-fight buildup, dubbing him "the big ugly bear", stating "Liston even smells like a bear" and claiming "After I beat him I'm going to donate him to the zoo."<ref>[{{Google books|plainurl=y|id=vkvoAgAAQBAJ|page=147|text=Liston even smells like a bear}} Remnick (1998), p. 147]</ref> Clay turned the pre-fight weigh-in into a circus, shouting at Liston that "someone is going to die at ringside tonight." Clay's pulse rate was measured at 120, more than double his normal 54.<ref name="Liston" /> Many of those in attendance thought Clay's behavior stemmed from fear, and some commentators wondered if he would show up for the bout.
The outcome of the fight was a major upset. At the opening bell, Liston rushed at Clay, seemingly angry and looking for a quick knockout. However, Clay's superior speed and mobility enabled him to elude Liston, making the champion miss and look awkward. At the end of the first round, Clay opened up his attack and hit Liston repeatedly with jabs. Liston fought better in round two, but at the beginning of the third round Clay hit Liston with a combination that buckled his knees and opened a cut under his left eye. This was the first time Liston had ever been cut. At the end of round four, Clay was returning to his corner when he began experiencing blinding pain in his eyes and asked his trainer, [[Angelo Dundee]], to cut off his gloves. Dundee refused. It has been speculated that the problem was due to ointment used to seal Liston's cuts, perhaps deliberately applied by his corner to his gloves.<ref name="Liston" /> Though unconfirmed, boxing historian [[Bert Sugar]] claimed that two of Liston's opponents also complained about their eyes "burning."<ref>{{cite book |last=Sugar |first=Bert Randolph |title=Bert Sugar on Boxing: The Best of the Sport's Most Notable Writer |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R8hivgAACAAJ |year=2003 |publisher=Globe Pequot |isbn=978-1-59228-048-3 |page=196 |access-date=November 5, 2023 |archive-date=November 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231103145011/https://books.google.com/books?id=R8hivgAACAAJ |url-status=live }}</ref>
Despite Liston's attempts to knock out a blinded Clay, Clay was able to survive the fifth round until sweat and tears rinsed the irritation from his eyes. In the sixth, Clay dominated, hitting Liston repeatedly. Liston did not answer the bell for the seventh round, and Clay was declared the winner by [[TKO]]. Liston stated that the reason he quit was an injured shoulder. Following the win, a triumphant Clay rushed to the edge of the ring and, pointing to the ringside press, shouted: "Eat your words!" He added, "I am the greatest! I shook up the world. I'm the prettiest thing that ever lived."<ref>McLeod, Kembrew, ''Pranksters: Making Mischief in the Modern World'', pp. 223–4.</ref>
At ringside post fight, Clay appeared unconvinced that the fight was stopped due to a Liston shoulder injury, saying that the only injury Liston had was "an open eye, a big cut eye!" When told by Joe Louis that the injury was a "left arm thrown out of its socket," Clay quipped, "Yeah, swinging at nothing, who wouldn't!"<ref>{{cite AV media |title= Cassius Clay versus Sonny Liston |url= https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W4IKMX-5JLk |date=February 25, 1964 |access-date=November 5, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203100534/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W4IKMX-5JLk |archive-date=December 3, 2018 |work=Theatre Network Television |publisher=[[ESPN Classic]] |via=kumite27 (YouTube) |url-status=live}}</ref>
In winning this fight at the age of 22, Clay became the youngest boxer to take the title from a reigning heavyweight champion. However, [[Floyd Patterson]] remained the youngest to win the heavyweight championship, doing so at the age 21 during an elimination bout following [[Rocky Marciano]]'s retirement. [[Mike Tyson]] broke both records in 1986 when he defeated [[Trevor Berbick]] to win the heavyweight title at age 20.
Soon after the Liston fight, Clay changed his name to Cassius X, and then later to Muhammad Ali upon converting to Islam and affiliating with the [[Nation of Islam]]. Ali then faced a rematch with Liston scheduled for May 1965 in [[Lewiston, Maine]]. It had been scheduled for Boston the previous November, but was postponed for six months due to Ali's emergency surgery for a hernia three days before.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cuddy|first=Jack|title=Clay Undergoes Surgery; Fight Is Off Indefinitely|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/9544811/the_bridgeport_telegram/|newspaper=[[The Bridgeport Telegram]]|date=November 14, 1964|page=1|via=[[Newspapers.com]]|access-date=March 14, 2017|archive-date=March 15, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170315174456/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/9544811/the_bridgeport_telegram/|url-status=live}} {{free access}}</ref> The fight was controversial. Midway through the first round, Liston was knocked down by a difficult-to-see blow the press dubbed a "phantom punch." Referee [[Jersey Joe Walcott]] did not begin the count immediately after the knockdown, as Ali refused to retreat to a neutral corner. Liston rose after he had been down for about 20 seconds, and the fight momentarily continued. However a few seconds later Walcott, having been informed by the timekeepers that Liston had been down for a count of 10, stopped the match and declared Ali the winner by knockout.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NXYwb2C6Hec |title=Muhammad Ali vs Sonny Liston I & II – Highlights (Ali Becomes World Champion & Phantom Punch Fight!) |publisher=YouTube |access-date=June 20, 2018 |archive-date=August 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180827114607/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NXYwb2C6Hec |url-status=live }}</ref> The entire fight lasted less than two minutes.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/01/16/sports/sports-of-the-times-on-his-50th-ali-is-still-the-greatest.html | work=The New York Times | title=Sports of The Times; On His 50th, Ali Is Still 'The Greatest' | date=January 16, 1992 | access-date=January 25, 2012 | first1=Dave | last1=Anderson | archive-date=December 21, 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131221075405/http://www.nytimes.com/1992/01/16/sports/sports-of-the-times-on-his-50th-ali-is-still-the-greatest.html | url-status=live }}</ref>
It has since been speculated that Liston purposely dropped to the ground. Proposed motivations include threats on his life from the Nation of Islam, that he had bet against himself and that he "took a dive" to pay off debts. Slow-motion replays show that Liston was jarred by a chopping right from Ali, although it is unclear whether the blow was a genuine knockout punch.<ref>{{cite book |last=Vachss |first=Andrew |author-link=Andrew Vachss |url=http://www.vachss.com/only_child/index.html |title=Only Child |page=89 |publisher=Vintage |year=2003 |access-date=April 15, 2019 |archive-date=May 27, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160527140026/http://www.vachss.com/only_child/index.html |url-status=live }} Vachss further explains the way such a fix would have been engineered in {{cite book |url=http://twotrainsrunning.com/ |title=Two Trains Running |pages=160–165, 233 |publisher=Pantheon |year=2005 |access-date=April 15, 2019 |archive-date=July 16, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160716221347/http://www.twotrainsrunning.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
=== Fight against Patterson ===
{{Main|Muhammad Ali vs. Floyd Patterson}}
Ali defended his title against former heavyweight champion [[Floyd Patterson]] on November 22, 1965. Before the match, Ali mocked Patterson, who was widely known to call him by his former name Cassius Clay, as an "[[Uncle Tom syndrome|Uncle Tom]]", calling him "The Rabbit". Although Ali clearly had the better of Patterson, who appeared injured during the fight, the match lasted 12 rounds before being called on a technical knockout. Patterson later said he had strained his [[sacroiliac]]. Ali was criticized in the sports media for appearing to have toyed with Patterson during the fight.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sportsonearth.com/article/37158310/|agency=Sports on Earth|title=ALI-PATTERSON: THE REAL STORY|date=August 27, 2012|access-date=June 3, 2016|first=Alex|last=Belth|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171108100358/http://www.sportsonearth.com/article/37158310/|archive-date=November 8, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> Patterson biographer W.K. Stratton claims that the conflict between Ali and Patterson was not genuine but was staged to increase ticket sales and the closed-circuit viewing audience, with both men complicit in the theatrics. Stratton also cites an interview by Howard Cosell in which Ali explained that rather than toying with Patterson, he refrained from knocking him out after it became apparent Patterson was injured. Patterson himself later said that he'd never been hit by punches as soft as Ali's. Stratton states that Ali arranged the second fight, in 1972, with the financially struggling Patterson to help the former champion earn enough money to pay a debt to the [[IRS]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sportsonearth.com/article/37158310/the-real-story-behind-the-1965-muhammad-ali-floyd-patterson-fight|title=Ali-Patterson: The Real Story|access-date=June 20, 2018|archive-date=May 5, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200505115702/http://www.sportsonearth.com/article/37158310/the-real-story-behind-the-1965-muhammad-ali-floyd-patterson-fight|url-status=dead}}</ref>
=== Main Bout ===
After the Patterson fight, Ali founded his own promotion company, Main Bout. The company handled Ali's boxing promotions and [[pay-per-view]] [[closed-circuit television]] broadcasts; its stockholders were mainly fellow [[Nation of Islam]] members, such as [[Jabir Herbert Muhammad]] and the chief aide to Nation of Islam leader [[Elijah Muhammad]], John Ali,<ref>{{cite web|title=Risk vs. Reward|last=Hauser|first=Thomes|url=https://www.toprank.com/all-news/risk-vs-reward-top-rank-innovation-boxing/|website=Top Rank Boxing|date=November 4, 2011|access-date=April 17, 2019|archive-date=September 11, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911114254/https://www.toprank.com/all-news/risk-vs-reward-top-rank-innovation-boxing/|url-status=live}}</ref> along with several others, including [[Bob Arum]], who later founded [[Top Rank#Main Bout|Top Rank]].<ref name="Ezra105">{{cite book|last=Ezra|first=Michael|title=The Economic Civil Rights Movement: African Americans and the Struggle for Economic Power|date=2013|publisher=[[Routledge]]|isbn=9781136274756|page=105|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DL41bsCigZcC&pg=PA105|language=en|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=October 31, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031223028/https://books.google.com/books?id=DL41bsCigZcC&pg=PA105#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:Muhammad Ali 1966.jpg|thumb|left|Ali in 1966]]
Ali and then-[[World Boxing Association|WBA]] heavyweight champion boxer [[Ernie Terrell]] had agreed to meet for a bout in Chicago on March 29, 1966 (the WBA, one of two boxing associations, had stripped Ali of his title following his signing a rematch with Liston <ref>Honolulu Star-Bulletin. Honolulu, Hawaii. September 14, 1964</ref> But in February Ali was reclassified by the Louisville draft board as 1-A from 1-Y, and he indicated that he would refuse to serve, commenting to the press, "I ain't got nothing against no [[Viet Cong]]; no Viet Cong never called me nigger."<ref>{{cite news |last=Shalit |first=Nevin I. |title=Muhammad Ali: Losing the Real Title |url=http://www.thecrimson.com/article/1980/7/15/muhammad-ali-losing-the-real-title/ |newspaper=The Harvard Crimson |date=July 15, 1980 |access-date=August 19, 2015 |archive-date=September 15, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915114003/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1980/7/15/muhammad-ali-losing-the-real-title/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Amidst the media and public outcry over Ali's stance, the Illinois Athletic Commission refused to sanction the fight, citing technicalities.<ref>{{cite magazine |magazine=[[Sports Illustrated]] |title=He Could Go To Jail And Still Be Champ |date=August 28, 1967 |first1=Angelo |last1=Dundee |first2=Tex |last2=Maule}}</ref>
Instead, Ali traveled to Canada and Europe and won championship bouts against [[George Chuvalo]], [[Henry Cooper]], [[Brian London]] and [[Karl Mildenberger]].
Ali returned to the United States to fight [[Cleveland Williams]] in the Houston Astrodome on November 14, 1966. The bo drew a record-breaking indoor crowd of 35,460 people. Williams had once been considered among the hardest punchers in the heavyweight division, but in 1964 he had been shot at point-blank range with a [[.357 Magnum]] by a Texas policeman, resulting in the loss of one kidney and {{convert|10|ft|m}} of his small intestine. Ali dominated Williams, winning a third-round technical knockout in what some consider the finest performance of his career.
Ali fought Terrell in Houston on February 6, 1967. Terrell, who was unbeaten in five years and had defeated many of the boxers Ali had faced, was billed as Ali's toughest opponent since Liston; he was big, strong and had a three-inch reach advantage over Ali. During the lead up to the bout, Terrell repeatedly called Ali "Clay", much to Ali's annoyance. The two almost came to blows over the name issue in a pre-fight interview with [[Howard Cosell]]. Ali seemed intent on humiliating Terrell. "I want to torture him", he said. "A clean knockout is too good for him."<ref>{{cite magazine|first=Tex |last=Maule |url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1079523/1/index.htm |title=Cruel Ali With All The Skills |date=February 13, 1967 |magazine=Sports Illustrated |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130309201457/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1079523/1/index.htm |archive-date=March 9, 2013}}</ref> The fight was close until the seventh round, when Ali bloodied Terrell and almost knocked him out. In the eighth round, Ali taunted Terrell, hitting him with jabs and shouting between punches, "What's my name, Uncle Tom ... what's my name?" Ali won a unanimous 15-round decision. Terrell claimed that early in the fight Ali deliberately thumbed him in the eye, forcing him to fight half-blind, and then, in a clinch, rubbed the wounded eye against the ropes. Because of Ali's apparent intent to prolong the fight to inflict maximum punishment, critics described the bout as "one of the ugliest boxing fights." [[Tex Maule]] later wrote: "It was a wonderful demonstration of boxing skill and a barbarous display of cruelty." Ali denied the accusations of cruelty but, for Ali's critics, the fight provided more evidence of his arrogance.
After Ali's title defense against [[Zora Folley]] on March 22, he was stripped of his title due to his refusal to be drafted to army service.<ref name="greatath">{{cite book| last = Johnson| first = Rafer| title = Great Athletes| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=TnIAPwAACAAJ| edition = revised| volume = 1| date = February 1, 2002| publisher = Salem Press| isbn = 978-1-58765-008-6| pages = 38–41| access-date = April 15, 2019| archive-date = October 31, 2023| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231031223020/https://books.google.com/books?id=TnIAPwAACAAJ| url-status = live}}</ref> His boxing license was also suspended by the state of New York. He was convicted of draft evasion on June 20 and sentenced to five years in prison and a $10,000 fine. He paid a bond and remained free while the verdict was being appealed.
== Exile and comeback ==
In March 1966, Ali [[Draft evasion in the Vietnam War|refused to be inducted into the armed forces]]. He was systematically denied a boxing license in every state and stripped of his passport. As a result, he did not fight from March 1967 to October 1970—from ages 25 to almost 29—as his case worked its way through the appeals process before his conviction was overturned in 1971. During this time of inactivity, as [[opposition to the Vietnam War]] began to grow and Ali's stance gained sympathy, he spoke at colleges across the nation, criticizing the Vietnam War and advocating African-American pride and racial justice.
=== ''The Super Fight'' ===
{{Main|The Super Fight}}
While banned from sanctioned bouts, Ali settled a $1 million lawsuit against radio producer Murray Woroner by accepting $10,000 to appear in a privately staged fantasy fight against retired champion Rocky Marciano.<ref name="Enterprise News Sep 2009">{{cite news |title=Ali vs. Marciano: Who wins? |url=http://www.enterprisenews.com/article/20090901/News/309019646 |work=The Enterprise |date=September 1, 2009 |access-date=July 19, 2016 |archive-date=September 14, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160914161353/http://www.enterprisenews.com/article/20090901/News/309019646 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1969 the boxers were filmed sparring for about 75 one-minute rounds; they acted out several different endings.<ref name="The Guardian Nov 2012">{{cite web| title = The forgotten story of ... the Rocky Marciano v Muhammad Ali Super Fight| url = https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2012/nov/13/forgotten-story-rocky-marciano-muhammad-ali| date = November 13, 2012| work = The Guardian| access-date = April 15, 2019| archive-date = July 25, 2023| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230725193639/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2012/nov/13/forgotten-story-rocky-marciano-muhammad-ali| url-status = live}}</ref> A computer program purportedly determined the winner, based on data about the fighters. Edited versions of the bout were shown in movie theaters in 1970. In the U.S. version Ali lost in a simulated 13th-round knockout, but in the European version Marciano lost due to cuts, also simulated.<ref name="Bingham 218">{{cite book|title=Muhammad Ali's Greatest Fight: Cassius Clay vs. the United States of America|first1= Howard|last1=Bingham|first2=Max|last2=Wallace|publisher=M. Evans|page = 218|year=2000}}</ref>
Ali suggested that prejudice determined his defeat in the U.S. version. He was reported to jokingly say, "That computer was made in Alabama."<ref name="Enterprise News Sep 2009"/>
== Return to prizefighting ==
On August 11, 1970, with his case still in appeal, Ali was granted a license to box by the City of Atlanta Athletic Commission, thanks to State Senator [[Leroy Johnson (Georgia politician)|Leroy R. Johnson]].<ref>{{cite magazine |first=John H. |last=Britton |title=Ga. Senator Gets TKOed By His Political 'Friends' |magazine=Jet |date=March 4, 1971 |pages=52–54}}</ref> Ali's first return bout was against [[Jerry Quarry]] on October 26, resulting in a win after three rounds after Quarry was cut.
A month earlier, a victory in federal court forced the New York State Boxing Commission to reinstate Ali's license.<ref name=cgnyrl >{{cite news |url=http://palmbeachpost.newspapers.com/image/132677737/?terms=%22Clay%2Bgranted%2BNew%2BYork%2Bring%2Blicense%22 |newspaper=The Palm Beach Post |agency=Associated Press |title=Clay granted New York ring license |date=September 15, 1970 |page=B4 |url-access=subscription |access-date=April 15, 2019 |archive-date=September 12, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160912212056/http://palmbeachpost.newspapers.com/image/132677737/?terms=%22Clay%2Bgranted%2BNew%2BYork%2Bring%2Blicense%22 |url-status=live }}</ref> He fought [[Oscar Bonavena]] at Madison Square Garden in December, an uninspired performance that ended in a dramatic [[technical knockout]] of Bonavena in the 15th round. The win left Ali as a top contender against heavyweight champion [[Joe Frazier]].
=== First fight against Joe Frazier ===
{{Main|Joe Frazier vs. Muhammad Ali}}
Ali and Frazier's first fight, held at the Garden on March 8, 1971, was nicknamed the "[[Fight of the Century]]", due to the tremendous excitement surrounding a bout between two undefeated fighters, each with a legitimate claim as heavyweight champions. Veteran boxing writer John Condon called it "the greatest event I've ever worked on in my life." The bout was broadcast to 35 foreign countries; promoters granted 760 press passes.<ref name="Hauser 2004">{{Harvnb|Hauser|2012}}{{page needed|date=August 2022}}</ref>
Adding to the atmosphere were the considerable pre-fight theatrics and name calling. Ali portrayed Frazier as a "dumb tool of the white establishment." "Frazier is too ugly to be champ", Ali said. "Frazier is too dumb to be champ." Ali also frequently called Frazier an "Uncle Tom". Dave Wolf, who worked in Frazier's camp, recalled that, "Ali was saying 'the only people rooting for Joe Frazier are white people in suits, Alabama sheriffs, and members of the [[Ku Klux Klan]]. I'm fighting for the little man in the ghetto.' Joe was sitting there, smashing his fist into the palm of his hand, saying, 'What the fuck does he know about the ghetto?{{' "}}<ref name="Hauser 2004"/>
Ali began training at a farm near [[Reading, Pennsylvania]], in 1971 and, finding the country setting to his liking, sought to develop a [[Muhammad Ali's Deer Lake Training Camp|real training camp]] in the countryside. He found a five-acre site on a Pennsylvania country road in the village of Deer Lake, Pennsylvania. On this site, Ali carved out what was to become his training camp, where he trained for all his fights from 1972 to the end of his career in 1981.
The Monday night fight lived up to its billing. In a preview of their two other fights, a crouching, bobbing and weaving Frazier constantly pressured Ali, getting hit regularly by Ali jabs and combinations, but relentlessly attacking and scoring repeatedly, especially to Ali's body. The fight was even in the early rounds, but Ali was taking more punishment than ever in his career. On several occasions in the early rounds he played to the crowd and shook his head "no" after he was hit. In the later rounds—in what was the first appearance of the "[[rope-a-dope]] strategy"—Ali leaned against the ropes and absorbed punishment from Frazier, hoping to tire him. In the 11th round, Frazier connected with a left hook that wobbled Ali, but because it appeared that Ali might be clowning as he staggered backwards across the ring, Frazier hesitated to press his advantage, fearing an Ali counter-attack. In the final round, Frazier knocked Ali down with a vicious left hook, which referee [[Arthur Mercante]] said was as hard as a man can be hit. Ali was back on his feet in three seconds.<ref name="Hauser 2004"/> Nevertheless, Ali lost by unanimous decision, his first professional defeat.
=== Chamberlain challenge and Ellis fight ===
{{Main|Muhammad Ali vs. Jimmy Ellis}}
In 1971, basketball star [[Wilt Chamberlain]] challenged Ali to a fight, and a bout was scheduled for July 26. Although the seven-foot-two-inch tall Chamberlain had formidable physical advantages over Ali— weighing 60{{nbsp}}pounds more and able to reach 14{{nbsp}}inches further —Ali was able to influence Chamberlain into calling off the bout by taunting him with calls of "Timber!" and "The tree will fall" during a shared interview. These statements of confidence unsettled his taller opponent, whom [[Los Angeles Lakers]] owner [[Jack Kent Cooke]] had offered a record-setting contract, conditional on Chamberlain agreeing to abandon what Cooke termed "this boxing foolishness,"<ref>{{cite news|title=Ali's Remark Ended Wilt's Ring Career|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1989-01-15/sports/sp-979_1_wilt-s-ring-career|at=Morning Briefing|work=Los Angeles Times|date=January 15, 1989|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=June 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603030813/http://articles.latimes.com/1989-01-15/sports/sp-979_1_wilt-s-ring-career|url-status=live}}</ref> and he did exactly that.<ref>{{cite news|last1=O'Reilly|first1=Terry|title=Achilles Heel Advertising: Repositioning the Competition|url=http://www.cbc.ca/radio/undertheinfluence/achilles-heel-advertising-repositioning-the-competition-1.3473631|access-date=August 30, 2018|publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|date=March 3, 2016|archive-date=March 28, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160328021008/http://www.cbc.ca/radio/undertheinfluence/achilles-heel-advertising-repositioning-the-competition-1.3473631|url-status=live}}</ref> To replace Ali's opponent, promoter [[Bob Arum]] quickly booked a former sparring partner of Ali's, [[Jimmy Ellis (boxer)|Jimmy Ellis]], who was a childhood friend from [[Louisville, Kentucky]], to fight him.
=== Fights against Quarry, Patterson, Foster and Norton ===
After the loss to Frazier, Ali fought Jerry Quarry, had a second bout with Floyd Patterson and faced [[Bob Foster (boxer)|Bob Foster]] in 1972, winning a total of six fights that year. In 1973, [[Ken Norton]] broke Ali's jaw while giving him the second loss of his career. After initially considering retirement, Ali won a controversial decision against Norton in their second bout. This led to a rematch with Joe Frazier at Madison Square Garden on January 28, 1974; Frazier had recently lost his title to George Foreman.
=== Second fight against Joe Frazier ===
{{Main|Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Frazier II}}
Ali was strong in the early rounds of the fight, and staggered Frazier in the second round. Referee Tony Perez mistakenly thought he heard the bell ending the round and stepped between the two fighters as Ali was pressing his attack, giving Frazier time to recover. However, Frazier came on in the middle rounds, snapping Ali's head in round seven and driving him to the ropes at the end of round eight. The last four rounds saw round-to-round shifts in momentum between the two fighters. Throughout most of the bout, however, Ali was able to circle away from Frazier's dangerous left hook and to tie Frazier up when he was cornered, the latter a tactic that Frazier's camp complained of bitterly. Judges awarded Ali a unanimous decision.
== World heavyweight champion (second reign) ==
=== ''The Rumble in the Jungle'' ===
{{Main|The Rumble in the Jungle}}
The defeat of Frazier set the stage for a title fight against heavyweight champion [[George Foreman]] in Kinshasa, [[Zaire]], on October 30, 1974—a bout nicknamed ''[[The Rumble in the Jungle]]''. Foreman was considered one of the hardest punchers in heavyweight history. In assessing the fight, analysts pointed out that [[Joe Frazier]] and [[Ken Norton]], who had given Ali four tough battles and won two of them, had both been devastated by Foreman in second-round knockouts. Ali was 32 years old, and had clearly lost speed and reflexes since his twenties. Contrary to his later persona, Foreman was at the time a brooding and intimidating presence. Almost no-one associated with the sport, not even Ali's long-time supporter [[Howard Cosell]], gave the former champion a chance of winning.
[[File:WORLD HEAVYWEIGHT BOXING CHAMPION MUHAMMAD ALI, A BLACK MUSLIM, ATTENDS THE SECT'S SERVICE TO HEAR ELIJAH MUHAMMAD... - NARA - 556247.jpg|thumb|Ali in 1974]]
As usual, Ali was confident and colorful before the fight. He told interviewer [[David Frost]], "If you think the world was surprised when Nixon resigned, wait 'til I whup Foreman's behind!"<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1aGHpXt_hMc |title=Muhammad Ali- The Rumble In The Jungle(Interview) |publisher=YouTube |date=March 22, 1967 |access-date=September 3, 2013 |archive-date=February 2, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202235829/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1aGHpXt_hMc |url-status=live }}</ref> He told the press, "I've done something new for this fight. I done wrestled with an alligator, I done tussled with a whale; handcuffed lightning, thrown thunder in jail; only last week, I murdered a rock, injured a stone, hospitalized a brick; I'm so mean I make medicine sick."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dGk0R63C0eM |title=Muhammad Ali Inspirational Speech (Cassius Clay Boxing Motivation) |publisher=YouTube |date=September 14, 2012 |access-date=September 3, 2013 |archive-date=March 17, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130317021119/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dGk0R63C0eM |url-status=live }}</ref> Ali was wildly popular in Zaire, with crowds chanting "Ali, bomaye" ("Ali, kill him") wherever he went.
Ali opened the fight moving and scoring with right crosses to Foreman's head. Then, beginning in the second round, and to the consternation of his corner, Ali retreated to the ropes and invited Foreman to hit him while covering up, clinching and counter-punching, all while verbally taunting Foreman. The move, which would later become known as the "[[Rope-a-dope]]", so violated conventional boxing wisdom—letting one of the hardest hitters in boxing strike at will—that at ringside writer [[George Plimpton]] thought the fight had to be fixed.<ref name="Hauser 2004"/> Foreman, increasingly angered, threw punches that were deflected and did not land squarely. Midway through the fight, as Foreman began tiring, Ali countered more frequently and effectively with punches and flurries, which electrified the pro-Ali crowd. In the eighth round, Ali dropped an exhausted Foreman with a combination at center ring; Foreman failed to make the count. Against the odds, and amidst pandemonium in the ring, Ali had regained the title by knockout. Reflecting on the fight, George Foreman later said: "I thought Ali was just one more knockout victim until, about the seventh round, I hit him hard to the jaw and he held me and whispered in my ear: 'That all you got, George?' I realized that this ain't what I thought it was."<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Foreman |first=George |url=http://www.shortlist.com/entertainment/sport/george-foreman-on-ali |title=George Foreman on why Muhammad Ali was so much more than a 'boxer' |magazine=[[ShortList]] |date=January 2012 |access-date=June 6, 2016 |archive-date=June 11, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611144417/http://www.shortlist.com/entertainment/sport/george-foreman-on-ali |url-status=live }}</ref>
=== Fights against Wepner, Lyle and Bugner ===
Ali's next opponents included [[Chuck Wepner]], [[Ron Lyle]], and [[Joe Bugner]]. Wepner, a journeyman known as "The Bayonne Bleeder", stunned Ali with a "knockdown" in the ninth round; Ali would later say he tripped on Wepner's foot, or that Wepner had actually stepped on Ali's foot and he lost his balance. Wepner also admitted that is what happened in a later interview.{{citation needed|date=January 2024}} It was a bout that would inspire [[Sylvester Stallone]] to create the acclaimed film, ''[[Rocky]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/2006/08/10/rocky-stallone-settlement-cx_rs_0810autofacescan04|title=Stallone Settles With The 'Real' Rocky|first=R. M.|last=Schneiderman|website=Forbes|access-date=April 18, 2019|archive-date=April 18, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190418224955/https://www.forbes.com/2006/08/10/rocky-stallone-settlement-cx_rs_0810autofacescan04|url-status=live}}</ref>
=== Third fight against Joe Frazier ===
{{Main|Thrilla in Manila}}
Ali then agreed to a third match with Joe Frazier in [[Manila]]. The bout, known as the "[[Thrilla in Manila]]", was held on October 1, 1975,<ref name="greatath"/> in temperatures approaching {{convert|100|°F|°C}}. In the first rounds, Ali was aggressive, moving and exchanging blows with Frazier. However, Ali soon appeared to tire and adopted the "rope-a-dope" strategy, frequently resorting to clinches. During this part of the bout Ali did some effective counter-punching, but for the most part absorbed punishment from a relentlessly attacking Frazier. In the 12th round, Frazier began to tire, and Ali scored several sharp blows that closed Frazier's left eye and opened a cut over his right eye. With Frazier's vision now diminished, Ali dominated the 13th and 14th rounds, at times conducting what boxing historian Mike Silver called "target practice" on Frazier's head. The fight was stopped when Frazier's trainer, Eddie Futch, refused to allow Frazier to answer the bell for the 15th and final round, despite Frazier's protests. Frazier's eyes were both swollen shut. Ali, in his corner, winner by TKO, slumped on his stool, clearly spent.
An ailing Ali said afterwards that the fight "was the closest thing to dying that I know", and, when later asked if he had viewed the fight on videotape, reportedly said, "Why would I want to go back and see Hell?" After the fight he cited Frazier as "the greatest fighter of all times next to me."
== Later career ==
[[File:Anderson ali.jpg|thumb|Ali being interviewed by [[WBAL-TV]]'s [[Curt Anderson]], 1978, Baltimore, Maryland]]
Following the Manila bout, Ali fought [[Jean-Pierre Coopman]], [[Jimmy Young (boxer)|Jimmy Young]], and [[Richard Dunn (boxer)|Richard Dunn]], winning the last by knockout.
On June 1, 1976, Ali removed his shirt and jacket and confronted [[professional wrestler]] [[Gorilla Monsoon]] in the ring after his match at a [[World Wide Wrestling Federation]] show in [[Philadelphia Arena]]. After dodging a few punches, Monsoon put Ali in an [[airplane spin]] and dumped him to the mat. Ali stumbled to the corner, where his associate [[Butch Lewis]] convinced him to walk away.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://boxinghalloffame.com/muhammad-ali-boxing-a-monsoon/|title=Muhammad Ali Boxing a Monsoon – Boxing Hall of Fame|date=December 29, 2012|publisher=boxinghalloffame.com|access-date=June 9, 2016|archive-date=September 16, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150916221053/http://boxinghalloffame.com/muhammad-ali-boxing-a-monsoon/|url-status=live}}</ref>
On June 26, 1976, Ali participated in [[Muhammad Ali vs. Antonio Inoki|an exhibition bout]] in Tokyo against Japanese professional wrestler and martial artist [[Antonio Inoki]].<ref name="sweetScience">{{cite web|last=Tallent |first=Aaron |title=The Joke That Almost Ended Ali's Career |url=http://www.thesweetscience.com/articles-of-2005/1716-the-joke-that-almost-ended-ali-s-career |access-date=December 4, 2007 |publisher=The Sweet Science |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160709012841/http://www.thesweetscience.com/articles-of-2005/1716-the-joke-that-almost-ended-ali-s-career |archive-date=July 9, 2016 }}</ref> Ali was only able to land two jabs while Inoki's kicks caused two blood clots and an infection that almost resulted in Ali's leg being amputated.<ref name="sweetScience" /><ref name="leastMemorable">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/06/sports/who-lost-when-muhammad-ali-fought-a-pro-wrestler-the-fans.html|title=Ali's Least Memorable Fight|first=Victor|last=Mather|newspaper=The New York Times|date=June 5, 2016|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 30, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220730031616/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/06/sports/who-lost-when-muhammad-ali-fought-a-pro-wrestler-the-fans.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The match was not scripted and ultimately declared a draw.<ref name="sweetScience" /> After Ali's death, ''The New York Times'' declared it his least memorable fight.<ref name="leastMemorable" /> Most boxing commentators at the time viewed the fight negatively and hoped it would be forgotten as some considered it a "15-round farce."<ref name="forgottenInfluence">{{cite news|last1=Gross|first1=Josh|title=Muhammad Ali's Forgotten Fight Was Also One of His Most Influential|url=http://www.newsweek.com/muhammad-ali-antonio-inoki-mixed-martial-arts-ufc-japan-mma-boxing-wrestling-474502|access-date=April 10, 2018|publisher=Newsweek|date=June 25, 2016|archive-date=April 26, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190426153926/https://www.newsweek.com/muhammad-ali-antonio-inoki-mixed-martial-arts-ufc-japan-mma-boxing-wrestling-474502|url-status=live}}</ref> Today it is considered by some to be one of Ali's most influential fights and CBS Sports said the attention the mixed-style bout received "foretold the arrival of standardized [[MMA]] years later."<ref name="forgottenInfluence" /><ref>{{cite news|last=Burkholder|first=Denny|url=http://www.cbssports.com/general/news/how-muhammad-alis-fascination-with-pro-wrestling-fueled-his-career-inspired-mma/|title=How Muhammad Ali's fascination with pro wrestling fueled his career, inspired MMA|work=[[CBS Sports]]|date=June 6, 2016|access-date=June 11, 2016|archive-date=August 7, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220807202007/https://www.cbssports.com/general/news/how-muhammad-alis-fascination-with-pro-wrestling-fueled-his-career-inspired-mma/|url-status=live}}</ref>
Ali fought Ken Norton for the third time in September 1976. The bout, which was held at [[Yankee Stadium (1923)|Yankee Stadium]], resulted in Ali winning a heavily contested decision that was loudly booed by the audience. Afterwards, he announced he was retiring from boxing to practice his faith, having converted to [[Sunni Islam]] after falling out with the Nation of Islam the previous year.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.newspaperarchive.com/SiteMap/FreePdfPreview.aspx?img=110827611%3Fsec%3DSports|title=Champion Ali Quits Boxing|work=The Paris News|page=12|access-date=October 19, 2011|date=October 1, 1976|archive-date=June 7, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120607021747/http://www.newspaperarchive.com/SiteMap/FreePdfPreview.aspx?img=110827611%3Fsec%3DSports|url-status=live}}</ref>
After returning to box in two exhibition bouts in April 1977 against a then 18-year-old [[Michael Dokes]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Muhammad Ali vs Michael Dokes(1977 Exhibition) – BoxRec|url=https://boxrec.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=184126|access-date=July 18, 2021|website=boxrec.com|archive-date=July 18, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210718100952/https://boxrec.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=184126|url-status=live}}</ref> and journeyman Jody Ballard, Ali successfully defended his title for the 9th time against [[Alfredo Evangelista]] in May. Ali fought again in September 1977, struggling in a 10th title defence against hard-hitting contender [[Earnie Shavers]]. Ali was hurt in the second round but ultimately won the fight by another unanimous decision. The bout caused his long-time doctor [[Ferdie Pacheco]] to quit after he was rebuffed for telling Ali he should retire. Pacheco was quoted as saying, "the New York State Athletic Commission gave me a report that showed Ali's kidneys were falling apart. I wrote to Angelo Dundee, Ali's trainer, his wife and Ali himself. I got nothing back in response. That's when I decided enough is enough."<ref name="Hauser 2004"/>
In February 1978, Ali faced [[Leon Spinks]] at the Hilton Hotel in [[Las Vegas]]. At the time, Spinks had only seven professional fights to his credit, and had recently fought a draw with journeyman Scott LeDoux. Ali sparred less than two dozen rounds in preparation for the fight, and was out of shape. He lost the title by split decision. Ali sought to regain his title however, and a rematch was scheduled for the fall of 1978.
Ali started training early and even travelled to Moscow, Russia to box in three exhibition fights in June of that year against Soviet Amateur champion [[Igor Vysotsky]], [[Pyotr Zayev|Pyotar Zayev]] and Yevgeny Gorstkov.<ref>{{Citation|title=Boxing 1978 Highlights 3 X Heavyweight Exhibition Bouts Muhammad Ali Vs Pyotar Zayev + Yevge|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SNw9cKQJuc8|language=en|access-date=July 18, 2021|archive-date=July 18, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210718105923/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SNw9cKQJuc8|url-status=live}}</ref> Embarrassed by the Spinks loss, Ali purportedly sparred over 200 rounds in his preparation for the rematch, seemingly determined to regain his title. The Spinks rematch took place in September 1978 at the [[Mercedes-Benz Superdome|Superdome]] in New Orleans, Louisiana. A then-record 63,350 people attended the bout<ref>{{Cite web|last=Diaz|first=Greydy|date=September 12, 2018|title=The day Muhammad Ali beat Leon Spinks in a 15-round rematch for a historic third heavyweight title|url=https://andscape.com/features/the-day-muhammad-ali-beat-leon-spinks-in-a-15-round-rematch-for-a-historic-third-heavyweight-title/|access-date=July 18, 2021|website=[[Andscape]]|language=en-US|archive-date=August 11, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220811121227/https://andscape.com/features/the-day-muhammad-ali-beat-leon-spinks-in-a-15-round-rematch-for-a-historic-third-heavyweight-title/|url-status=live}}</ref> and paid a total of $6 million in admission, making it the largest live gate in boxing history at that time.<ref name="Times-Picayune, New Orleans, Peter Finney's column from 1978">[http://www.nola.com/sports/index.ssf/2016/06/read_peter_finneys_column_from.html Read Peter Finney's column on Ali vs. Spinks 2 at the Superdome in 1978] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180419053449/http://www.nola.com/sports/index.ssf/2016/06/read_peter_finneys_column_from.html |date=April 19, 2018 }}, ''The Times-Picayune'' NOLA.com (New Orleans, LA.), re-posted on June 4, 2016.</ref> A fitter and sharper Ali, although noticeably slower than his prime years, danced around Spinks and scored from range for the majority of the bout, holding his much younger opponent every time he got in close. Ali won a well deserved unanimous decision, with referee Lucien Joubert scoring rounds 10–4, judge Ernie Cojoe 10–4, and judge Herman Preis 11–4. This made Ali the first heavyweight champion to win the lineal title three times.<ref>''Muhammad Ali, The Glory Years'', Felix Dennis and Don Atyeo, p. 258.</ref><ref name="RingsideReport.com, Kevin Kincade, 2016">[http://ringsidereport.com/?p=63321 The Last Flight of the Butterfly: Remembering Ali vs Spinks II] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180419053533/http://ringsidereport.com/?p=63321 |date=April 19, 2018 }}, RingsideReport.com, Kevin "The Voice" Kincade, September 22, 2016.</ref>
Following this win, on July 27, 1979, Ali announced his retirement from boxing. His retirement was short-lived, however; Ali announced his comeback to face [[Larry Holmes]] for the WBC belt in an attempt to win the heavyweight championship an unprecedented fourth time. The fight was largely motivated by Ali's need for money. Holmes' trainer Richie Giachetti said, "Larry didn't want to fight Ali. He knew Ali had nothing left; he knew it would be a horror."
It was around this time that Ali started struggling with vocal stutters and trembling hands.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2012/12/21/us/muhammad-ali---fast-facts/ |title=Muhammad Ali Fast Facts |publisher=CNN |access-date=February 20, 2013 |archive-date=March 27, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130327055610/http://edition.cnn.com/2012/12/21/us/muhammad-ali---fast-facts |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[Nevada Athletic Commission]] (NAC) ordered that he undergo a complete physical in Las Vegas before being allowed to fight again. Ali chose instead to check into the [[Mayo Clinic]], who declared him fit to fight. Their opinion was accepted by the NAC on July 31, 1980, paving the way for Ali's return to the ring.<ref name="LVSun 50">{{cite news |url=http://www.lasvegassun.com/muhammad-ali/timeline/ |title=Timeline: Fifty years of Las Vegas memories for Muhammad Ali |newspaper=Las Vegas Sun |access-date=November 12, 2013 |last=Koch |first=Ed |archive-date=November 12, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112134317/http://www.lasvegassun.com/muhammad-ali/timeline/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
The fight took place on October 2, 1980, in Las Vegas Valley, with Holmes easily dominating Ali, who was weakened from thyroid medication he had taken to lose weight. Giachetti called the fight "awful ... the worst sports event I ever had to cover." Actor [[Sylvester Stallone]] was at ringside and said that it was like watching an autopsy on a man who is still alive.<ref name="Hauser 2004"/> In the eleventh round, Angelo Dundee told the referee to stop the fight, making it the only time that Ali ever lost by [[technical knockout|stoppage]]. After the fight, Holmes went back to his dressing room and cried. The Holmes fight is said to have contributed to Ali's Parkinson's syndrome.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/27/arts/television/27muhammad.html | work=The New York Times | title=Boxing King Casts His Shadow, Even at Time of Defeat | date=October 26, 2009 | access-date=March 5, 2012 | first1=Mike | last1=Hale | archive-date=March 10, 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120310053609/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/27/arts/television/27muhammad.html? | url-status=live }}</ref> Despite pleas to definitively retire, Ali fought one last time on December 11, 1981, in Nassau, [[Bahamas]], against [[Trevor Berbick]], losing a ten-round decision.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ali to try again? |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1870&dat=19810816&id=9_EwAAAAIBAJ&pg=2603,113296&hl=en |newspaper=The Daytona Beach Sunday News-Journal |agency=Associated Press |date=August 16, 1981 |access-date=June 4, 2016 |archive-date=August 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210828083317/https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1870&dat=19810816&id=9_EwAAAAIBAJ&pg=2603%2C113296&hl=en |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=It's all over for Ali after loss |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2199&dat=19811212&id=XKUyAAAAIBAJ&pg=3700,2405394&hl=en |newspaper=Lawrence Journal-World |agency=Associated Press |date=December 12, 1981 |access-date=June 4, 2016 |archive-date=September 29, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210929102632/https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2199&dat=19811212&id=XKUyAAAAIBAJ&pg=3700,2405394&hl=en |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |first=William |last=Nack |author-link=William Nack |title=Not with a bang but a whisper |url=https://www.si.com/vault/1981/12/21/826243/not-with-a-bang-but-a-whisper-after-losing-to-trevor-berbick-a-subdued-muhammad-ali-softly-admitted-that-his-illustrious-career-had-come-to-an-end |magazine=Sports Illustrated |date=December 21, 1981 |access-date=June 4, 2016 |archive-date=June 9, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160609212952/http://www.si.com/vault/1981/12/21/826243/not-with-a-bang-but-a-whisper-after-losing-to-trevor-berbick-a-subdued-muhammad-ali-softly-admitted-that-his-illustrious-career-had-come-to-an-end |url-status=live }}</ref>
By the end of his boxing career Ali had absorbed 200,000 hits.<ref name="veconomist" >{{cite news|title=A new biography of Muhammad Ali|url=https://www.economist.com/news/books-and-arts/21730621-downfall-tragic-rebellious-hero-new-biography-muhammad-ali|newspaper=[[The Economist]]|date=October 26, 2017|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=October 26, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171026191204/https://www.economist.com/news/books-and-arts/21730621-downfall-tragic-rebellious-hero-new-biography-muhammad-ali|url-status=live}}</ref>
==Boxing style==
{{See also|Muhammad Ali's Training Camp|Slipping}}
[[File:Muhammad Ali's boxing gloves.jpg|thumb|Muhammad Ali's boxing gloves are preserved in the [[Smithsonian Institution]] National Museum of American History.]]
Ali had a highly unorthodox boxing style for a heavyweight (210 pounds), epitomized by his catchphrase "float like a butterfly, sting like a bee." Never an overpowering puncher, Ali relied early in his career on his incredible hand speed, superb reflexes and constant movement, dancing and circling opponents for most of the fight, holding his hands low and lashing out with a quick, cutting left jab that he threw from unpredictable angles. His footwork was so strong that it was extremely difficult for opponents to cut down the ring and corner Ali against the ropes. He was also able to quickly dodge punches with his speed, head movement, dancing and footwork.{{citation needed|date=June 2016}}
One of Ali's greatest tricks was to make opponents overcommit by pulling straight backward from punches. Disciplined, world-class boxers chased Ali and threw themselves off balance attempting to hit him because he seemed to be an open target, only missing and leaving themselves exposed to Ali's counter punches, usually a chopping right.<ref>{{cite web |last=Slack |first=Jack |url=http://www.bloodyelbow.com/2013/1/24/3908574/muhammad-ali-boxing-technique-jack-slack |title=Pulling Back the Curtain on Muhammad Ali |publisher=Bloody Elbow |date=January 24, 2013 |access-date=July 2, 2013 |archive-date=July 13, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130713121233/http://www.bloodyelbow.com/2013/1/24/3908574/muhammad-ali-boxing-technique-jack-slack |url-status=live }}</ref> Slow motion replays show that this was precisely the way Sonny Liston was hit and apparently knocked out by Ali in their second fight.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=prxnGjKjxoo |title=Muhammad Ali knockout Sonny Liston in Slow Motion HD |publisher=YouTube |date=October 30, 1974 |access-date=September 3, 2013 |archive-date=September 27, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927082423/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=prxnGjKjxoo |url-status=live }}</ref> Ali often flaunted his movement by dancing the "Ali Shuffle", a sort of center-ring jig.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.quotedb.com/quotes/3980 |title=Float like a butterfly, sting like a bee. by Muhammad Ali |publisher=Quotedb.com |access-date=December 5, 2010 |archive-date=December 9, 2012 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121209032439/http://www.quotedb.com/quotes/3980 |url-status=live }}</ref> Ali's early style was so unusual that he was initially discounted because he reminded boxing writers of a lightweight, and it was assumed he would be vulnerable to big hitters like Sonny Liston.{{citation needed|date=June 2016}}
Jimmy Jacobs, who co-managed Mike Tyson, used a synchronizer to measure young Ali's punching speed versus Sugar Ray Robinson, a welter/middleweight who was considered pound-for-pound the best fighter in history. Ali was 25% faster than Robinson, even though Ali was 45–50{{nbsp}}pounds heavier.<ref name="Gallenger">Paul Gallenger, ''Sonny Liston''.</ref> Ali's punches produced approximately 1,000{{nbsp}}pounds of force.<ref>{{cite book | first=Phillip |last=Starr| title =Martial Mechanics: Maximum Results with Minimum Effort in the Practice of Martial Arts| publisher =Blue Snake Books| year =2008| page =13| isbn =978-1583942116}}</ref> "No matter what his opponents heard about him, they didn't realize how fast he was until they got in the ring with him", Jacobs said.<ref>{{cite book | first=Thomas |last=Hauser| title =Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times| publisher =Open Road Media| year =2012| page =<!-- not numbered -->| isbn =978-1453250631|edition=Enhanced}}</ref> The effect of Ali's punches was cumulative.<!-- "Ali would rub you out", said Floyd Patterson. "He would hit you 14,000 times and he wouldn't knock you out, he rubbed you out."{{Cite quote| date=September 2014}}--> [[Charlie Powell]], who fought Ali early in Ali's career and was knocked out in the third round, said: "When he first hit me I said to myself, 'I can take two of these to get one in myself.' But in a little while I found myself getting dizzier and dizzier every time he hit me. He throws punches so easily that you don't realize how much they hurt you until it's too late."<ref name=Mee/>
Commenting on fighting the young Ali, George Chuvalo said: "He was just so damn fast. When he was young, he moved his legs and hands at the same time. He threw his punches when he was in motion. He'd be out of punching range, and as he moved into range he'd already begun to throw the punch. So if you waited until he got into range to punch back, he beat you every time."<ref name="Hauser 2004"/>
Floyd Patterson said, "It's very hard to hit a moving target, and (Ali) moved all the time, with such grace, three minutes of every round for fifteen rounds. He never stopped. It was extraordinary."<ref name="Hauser 2004"/>
Darrell Foster, who trained Will Smith for the movie ''Ali'', said: "Ali's signature punches were the left jab and the overhand right. But there were at least six different ways Ali used to jab. One was a jab that Ali called the 'snake lick', like cobra striking that comes from the floor almost, really low down. Then there was Ali's rapid-fire jab—three to five jabs in succession rapidly fired at his opponents' eyes to create a blur in [the latter's] face so he wouldn't be able to see [Ali's] right hand coming behind it."<ref>{{cite news |url=http://observer.guardian.co.uk/osm/story/0,,641739,00.html |title=How to ... fight like Muhammad Ali |newspaper=The Observer |date=February 9, 2011 |access-date=July 2, 2013 |archive-date=October 29, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111029172005/http://observer.guardian.co.uk/osm/story/0,,641739,00.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
===Footwork===
{{See also|Footwork (martial arts)}}
An unconventional "dancing" style of [[Footwork (martial arts)|footwork]] was popularized by Ali in the 1960s. He moved side to side, and forward and back, while bouncing on the balls of his feet and dancing around his opponents. This allowed him to quickly move to wherever he wanted in the ring. He also occasionally shuffled his feet back and forth quickly, confusing his opponents before landing a blow, a move called the [[Ali shuffle]].<ref>{{cite web |title=5 Of Muhammad Ali's Signature Boxing Techniques You Can Add To Your Game – Evolve Daily |url=https://evolve-mma.com/blog/5-of-muhammad-alis-signature-boxing-techniques-you-can-add-to-your-game/ |website=[[Evolve MMA]] |access-date=June 15, 2020 |date=June 9, 2019 |archive-date=August 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813025424/https://evolve-mma.com/blog/5-of-muhammad-alis-signature-boxing-techniques-you-can-add-to-your-game/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Willis |first1=George |title=Anatomy of the Ali Shuffle: The dizzying, mesmerizing dance |url=https://nypost.com/2016/06/04/anatomy-of-the-ali-shuffle-the-dizzying-mesmerizing-dance/ |access-date=June 15, 2020 |work=[[New York Post]] |date=June 4, 2016 |archive-date=March 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200328224504/https://nypost.com/2016/06/04/anatomy-of-the-ali-shuffle-the-dizzying-mesmerizing-dance/ |url-status=live }}</ref> His unconventional footwork was referred to as the "dancing legs" at the time.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Anderson |first1=Dave |title=Frazier and Ali: Morality Drama Unfolds |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1971/03/07/archives/frazier-and-ali-morality-drama-unfolds-frazier-and-ali-morality.html |access-date=June 15, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=March 7, 1971 |archive-date=June 15, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200615230055/https://www.nytimes.com/1971/03/07/archives/frazier-and-ali-morality-drama-unfolds-frazier-and-ali-morality.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
Ali's footwork notably influenced [[martial artist]] and actor [[Bruce Lee]], who studied Ali's footwork and incorporated it into his own [[Jeet Kune Do]] style of [[hybrid martial arts]] in the 1960s.<ref>{{cite book |editor-last1=Vaughn |editor-first1=Jack |editor-last2=Lee |editor-first2=Mike |title=The Legendary Bruce Lee |date=1986 |publisher=[[Black Belt Communications]] |isbn=978-0-89750-106-4 |page=127 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D8d_YjWV9k4C&pg=PA127 |access-date=June 16, 2020 |archive-date=November 6, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002028/https://books.google.com/books?id=D8d_YjWV9k4C&pg=PA127#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref>
===Trash-talk===
{{See also|Trash-talk}}
Ali regularly taunted and baited his opponents—including Liston, Frazier, and Foreman—before the fight and often during the bout itself. He said Frazier was "too dumb to be champion", that he would whip Liston "like his Daddy did", that Terrell was an "[[Uncle Tom]]" for refusing to call Ali by his name and continuing to call him Cassius Clay, calling Patterson a "rabbit", and calling Foreman "a mummy". In speaking of how Ali stoked Liston's anger and overconfidence before their first fight, one writer commented that "the most brilliant fight strategy in boxing history was devised by a teenager who had graduated 376 in a class of 391."<ref name="Gallenger"/>
Ali typically portrayed himself as the "people's champion" and his opponent as a tool of the (white) establishment. During the early part of his career, he built a reputation for predicting rounds in which he would finish opponents, often vowing to crawl across the ring or to leave the country if he lost the bout.<ref name="greatath"/> Ali adopted the latter practice from "Gorgeous" [[Gorgeous George|George Wagner]], a professional wrestling champion who drew thousands of fans to his matches as "the man you love to hate."<ref name="greatath"/> When Ali was 19, Wagner, who was in town to wrestle [[Freddie Blassie]] and had crossed paths with Clay,<ref name=georgali /> told the boxer before a bout with Duke Sabedong in Las Vegas,<ref name=georgali /> "A lot of people will pay to see someone shut your mouth. So keep on bragging, keep on sassing and always be outrageous."<ref name="SI"/>
ESPN columnist Ralph Wiley called Ali "The King of Trash Talk".<ref name="ESPN Wiley">{{cite web |last=Wiley |first=Ralph |url=http://espn.go.com/page2/s/wiley/010125.html |title=Jive trash talkin' |publisher=ESPN |date=September 13, 2001 |access-date=September 3, 2013 |archive-date=July 18, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120718073839/http://espn.go.com/page2/s/wiley/010125.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2013, ''The Guardian'' said Ali exemplified boxing's "golden age of [[trash-talk]]ing."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2011/jun/28/boxing-trash-talk-david-haye |title=Boxing trash talk that stings like a bee |work=The Guardian |date=September 28, 2007 |access-date=September 3, 2013 |archive-date=September 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130930100659/http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2011/jun/28/boxing-trash-talk-david-haye |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Bleacher Report]] called Clay's description of Sonny Liston smelling like a bear and his vow to donate him to a zoo after he beat him the greatest trash-talk line in sports history.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bleacherreport.com/articles/1238737-the-50-best-trash-talk-lines-in-sports-history/page/51 |title=The 50 Best Trash Talk Lines in Sports History |publisher=Bleacher Report |access-date=September 3, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131218114136/http://bleacherreport.com/articles/1238737-the-50-best-trash-talk-lines-in-sports-history/page/51 |archive-date=December 18, 2013 }}</ref>
===Rope-a-dope===
{{Further|Rope-a-dope}}
In the opinion of many observers, Ali became a different fighter after the 3½-year layoff. Ferdie Pacheco, Ali's corner physician, noted that he had lost his ability to move and dance as before.<ref name="Hauser 2004"/> This forced Ali to become more stationary and exchange punches more frequently, exposing him to more punishment while indirectly revealing his tremendous ability to take a punch. This physical change led in part to the "[[rope-a-dope]]" strategy, where Ali would lie back on the ropes, cover up to protect himself and conserve energy, and tempt opponents to punch themselves out. Ali often taunted opponents in the process and lashed back with sudden, unexpected combinations. The strategy was dramatically successful in the George Foreman fight, but less so in the first Joe Frazier bout when it was introduced.{{citation needed|date=June 2016}}
===Later years===
Of his later career, Arthur Mercante said: "Ali knew all the tricks. He was the best fighter I ever saw in terms of clinching. Not only did he use it to rest, but he was big and strong and knew how to lean on opponents and push and shove and pull to tire them out. Ali was so smart. Most guys are just in there fighting, but Ali had a sense of everything that was happening, almost as though he was sitting at ringside analyzing the fight while he fought it."<ref name="Hauser 2004"/>
In the mid-1970s, Ali took an interest in [[Asian martial arts]], such as [[karate]] and [[taekwondo]]. The founder of American taekwondo, [[Jhoon Goo Rhee]], coached Ali for several fights. A punching technique that Rhee taught him was the "accupunch", a technique that Rhee himself had originally learnt from [[Bruce Lee]]. The "accupunch" is a rapid fast punch that is very difficult to block, based on human reaction time—"the idea is to finish the execution of the punch before the opponent can complete the brain-to-wrist communication." Ali was reportedly unable to block the punch when Rhee first demonstrated it to him. Ali later used the "accupunch" to [[Muhammad Ali vs. Richard Dunn|knockout Richard Dunn]] in 1976.<ref name="Rhee">{{Cite web|url=http://www.jhoonrhee.com/bio7.html|title=Jhoon Rhee, Father of American Tae Kwon Do|website=jhoonrhee.com|access-date=May 1, 2019|archive-date=May 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190506223915/http://www.jhoonrhee.com/bio7.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
==Ali and his contemporaries==
===Ali and Frazier===
====Friendship====
In an interview published in 2002, [[Joe Frazier]] recalled that he had first met Ali around 1968. At this time Ali was continuing his legal fight to get his boxing license back, and Frazier was the undisputed heavyweight champion of the world. Frazier stated that he had campaigned vigorously for Ali to get his license; this included going to Washington and meeting the president to lobby on Ali's behalf. Frazier also lent Ali some money at this time.<ref name = "Facing Ali 115-6">{{cite book|title=Facing Ali|first=Stephen|last=Brunt|author-link=Stephen Brunt|publisher=The Lyons Press|pages = 115–116|year=2002}}</ref>
According to Dave Wolf, former sports editor of ''[[Life (magazine)|Life]]'' and a member of Frazier's entourage, Frazier was keen for Ali's return to boxing, because he believed that beating Ali would win him unambiguous acknowledgement as the "best."<ref name="Hauser 217"/> According to Wolf, Frazier was also kind to Ali during this time—agreeing to participate in staged confrontations, which enabled Ali to get publicity and earn money giving lectures. Wolf states that Frazier had deep respect for Ali's religious beliefs, and even participated in Muslim services at Ali's suggestion. Until Ali got "nasty" before their [[Fight of the Century|first fight]], Frazier endorsed Ali's refusal to be drafted; Wolf recalls: "I remember [Frazier] telling me, 'If Baptists weren't allowed to fight, I wouldn't fight either'."<ref name="Hauser 217">{{cite book|title=Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times|url=https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus|url-access=registration|first= Thomas|last=Hauser|publisher=Simon & Schuster|page = [https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus/page/217 217]|year=1991|isbn=9780671688929}}</ref>
Ali and Frazier knew they would become wealthy if Ali returned to the ring.<ref name = "Facing Ali 116">{{cite book|title=Facing Ali|first=Stephen|last=Brunt|author-link=Stephen Brunt|publisher=The Lyons Press|page=116|year=2002}}</ref><ref name = "Glory Years 162">{{cite book|title=Muhammad Ali: The Glory Years|first1=Felix|last1=Dennis|first2=Don|last2=Atyeo|publisher=Miramax Books|page = 162|year=2003}}</ref> Prior to their first fight, both had expressed a liking for each other.<ref name = "Glory Years 180"/> In 1970, Ali had stated: "Me and Joe Frazier will be buddies. I just want it to go down in history that I didn't sell out or [[Uncle Tom]] when I got famous, and I don't think Joe Frazier's going to do that either. He ain't dumb."<ref name="Glory Years 180">{{cite book|title=Muhammad Ali: The Glory Years|first1=Felix|last1=Dennis|first2=Don|last2=Atyeo|publisher=Miramax Books|page = 180|year=2003}}</ref>
====Opponents====
Ali and Frazier fought three fights in the span of five years; the first and third of these are widely regarded to be among the greatest of all boxing bouts, and the Ali-Frazier rivalry has been hailed as one of the greatest any sport has seen.<ref name="Hauser 216">{{cite book|title=Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times|url=https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus|url-access=registration|first=Thomas|last=Hauser|publisher=Simon & Schuster|page = [https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus/page/216 216]|year=1991|isbn=9780671688929}}</ref><ref name="SI Nack"/> Writing in ''[[Sports Illustrated]]'', William Nack commented: {{Blockquote|Of all the names joined forever in the annals of boxing—from [[Jack Dempsey|Dempsey]]-[[Gene Tunney|Tunney]] to [[Joe Louis|Louis]]-[[Max Schmeling|Schmeling]], from [[Tony Zale|Zale]]-[[Rocky Graziano|Graziano]] to [[Sugar Ray Leonard|Leonard]]-[[Thomas Hearns|Hearns]]—none are more fiercely bound by a hyphen than Ali-Frazier. Not [[Arnold Palmer|Palmer]]-[[Nicklaus]] in golf nor [[Björn Borg|Borg]]-[[John McEnroe|McEnroe]] in tennis, as ardently competitive as these rivalries were, conjure up anything remotely close to the epic theater of Ali-Frazier.<ref name="SI Nack">{{cite magazine |url=https://www.si.com/vault/1996/09/30/208924/muhammad-ali-joe-frazier-war-of-words |title='The Fight's Over, Joe' |magazine=Sports Illustrated |date=30 September 1996 |access-date=25 October 2016 |archive-date=26 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161026081421/http://www.si.com/vault/1996/09/30/208924/muhammad-ali-joe-frazier-war-of-words |url-status=live }}</ref>}}
According to Ali, Frazier's style of boxing made him a tougher opponent for him than Liston or Foreman because he was vulnerable to Frazier's in-close left [[Hook (boxing)|hook]]. Had he fought with Frazier before his three-and-half year break from boxing, when he was younger, "I'd have danced for fifteen rounds, and Joe wouldn't have ever caught me."<ref name="Hauser 231">{{cite book|title=Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times|url=https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus|url-access=registration|first= Thomas|last=Hauser|publisher=Simon & Schuster|page = [https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus/page/231 231]|year=1991|isbn=9780671688929}}</ref>{{efn|{{Blockquote|[Frazier] was harder for me than Liston or Foreman, because he had what I was vulnerable to—a good in-close left [[Hook (boxing)|hook]]. Foreman wasn't an [[Infighting (martial arts)|infighter]] or a hooker. He was an [[uppercut]]ter with a right hand and a [[jab]], always looking you in the eye. Liston was scarier than Frazier, but I fought Liston when I was young. Joe stayed on me, always on my chest, and from out of nowhere he'd throw the hook. If I was young, I'd have danced for fifteen rounds, and Joe wouldn't have ever caught me. But the first time we fought, I was three-and-half years out of shape. |author=Muhammad Ali<ref name="Hauser 231"/>}}}}
After [[Thrilla in Manila]], Frazier called Ali "a great champion",<ref name="SI Kram">{{cite magazine |url=https://www.si.com/vault/1975/10/13/613261/muhammad-ali-joe-frazier-thrilla-in-manilla |title='Lawdy, Lawdy He's Great' |magazine=Sports Illustrated |date=October 13, 1975 |access-date=October 29, 2016 |archive-date=October 30, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161030142550/http://www.si.com/vault/1975/10/13/613261/muhammad-ali-joe-frazier-thrilla-in-manilla |url-status=live }}</ref> and, referring to Ali, graciously stated that "[m]y man fought a good fight";<ref name="Aksyon">{{cite news|url=http://www.interaksyon.com/interaktv/marcos-used-thrilla-in-manila-fight-as-distraction-from-filipinos-plight |title=Marcos used Thrilla in Manila fight as distraction from Filipinos' plight |work=Inter Aksyon |date=November 10, 2011 |access-date=October 30, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161003061025/http://www.interaksyon.com/interaktv/marcos-used-thrilla-in-manila-fight-as-distraction-from-filipinos-plight |archive-date=October 3, 2016 }}</ref> while Ali declared Frazier to be "the greatest fighter of all time next to me."<ref name="Facing Ali 123">{{cite book|title=Facing Ali|first=Stephen|last=Brunt|author-link=Stephen Brunt|publisher=The Lyons Press|page=123|year=2002}}</ref>
====Trash-talk and altercations====
In the buildup to their bouts, Ali called Frazier "dumb" and an "Uncle Tom" before their first, "ignorant" before the second, and a "gorilla" before the third.<ref name="Guardian Hauser">{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2005/sep/04/features.sport16 |title=The unforgiven |work=The Guardian |date=September 3, 2005 |access-date=October 30, 2016 |archive-date=October 30, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161030144119/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2005/sep/04/features.sport16 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name = "Facing Ali 121">{{cite book|title=Facing Ali|first=Stephen|last=Brunt|author-link=Stephen Brunt|publisher=The Lyons Press|page=121|year=2002}}</ref> Writers [[Felix Dennis|Dennis]] and Don Atyeo have noted that given Ali's warm words for Frazier in the past, his jibes about Frazier sounded hollow.<ref name = "Glory Years 180"/>
On January 23, 1974, five days before their [[Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Frazier II|second fight]], Ali and Frazier had a public altercation captured on television. ABC Sports' [[Howard Cosell]] had arranged for the two to come to the studio to comment on their first fight. Things went smoothly until Frazier commented about Ali having to visit a hospital after the fight. Ali immediately responded by claiming he had gone to a hospital for ten minutes whereas Frazier had been hospitalized for three weeks after the fight,{{efn|According to Dave Wolf, the reason for Frazier's hospitalization was hypertension from which he had been suffering before the fight.<ref name="Hauser 256">{{cite book|title=Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times|url=https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus|url-access=registration|first=Thomas|last=Hauser|publisher=Simon & Schuster|page = [https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus/page/256 256]|year=1991|isbn=9780671688929}}</ref>}} and concluded by calling Frazier "ignorant."<ref name = "Glory Years 204"/><ref name="Hauser 255">{{cite book|title=Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times|url=https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus|url-access=registration|first=Thomas|last=Hauser|publisher=Simon & Schuster|page = [https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus/page/255 255]|year=1991|isbn=9780671688929}}</ref> Frazier then snapped; removing his studio earplug, Frazier reached across to Ali, protesting the use of the word "ignorant."<ref name="Hauser 256"/><ref name = "Glory Years 204"/> Soon the two were wrestling on the floor, until they were separated by onlookers.<ref name = "Glory Years 204">{{cite book|title=Muhammad Ali: The Glory Years|first1=Felix|last1=Dennis|first2=Don|last2=Atyeo|publisher=Miramax Books|page = 204|year=2003}}</ref><ref name="Hauser 256-57">{{cite book|title=Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times|url=https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus|url-access=registration|first=Thomas|last=Hauser|publisher=Simon & Schuster|pages = [https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus/page/256 256–57]|year=1991|isbn=9780671688929}}</ref>{{efn|[[Larry Holmes]] commented that instead of letting Ali's words upset him, Frazier's response to Ali calling him ignorant should have been: "Yeah, okay, I might be ignorant, but this ignorant man is going to kick your ass."Eig<ref name = "Facing Ali 104">{{cite book|title=Facing Ali|first=Stephen|last=Brunt|author-link=Stephen Brunt|publisher=The Lyons Press|page = 104|year=2002}}</ref>}}
According to veteran boxing commentator Ronnie Nathanielsz, during the buildup to Thrilla in Manilla, Ali once awakened Frazier in the middle of the night by constantly screaming. When Frazier appeared on the balcony of his hotel room, Ali pointed a toy gun at him and shouted: "I am going to shoot you."<ref name="Aksyon"/>
Immediately after Thrilla in Manilla, Ali summoned Frazier's son [[Marvis Frazier|Marvis]] to his dressing room and apologized for the things he had said about Frazier.<ref name = "Glory Years 244"/>{{efn|{{Blockquote|Ali asked for me to come to his dressing room before any of the press arrived. I went in there and Ali was real tired and he hugged me and apologized for what he'd said about my father before the fight. He said, 'Tell your father he's a great man'.|author=Marvis Frazier<ref name = "Glory Years 244">{{cite book|title=Muhammad Ali: The Glory Years|first1=Felix|last1=Dennis|first2=Don|last2=Atyeo|publisher=Miramax Books|page = 244|year=2003}}</ref>}}}} When Marvis conveyed Ali's contrition to his father, Frazier commented that Ali should have communicated this to him directly.<ref name = "Glory Years 244"/> After returning to the United States, Ali called boxing promoter and manager [[Butch Lewis]], and asked for Frazier's private number, saying he wanted to apologize to Frazier. However, when Lewis conveyed this request to Frazier, he was told not to share the phone number with Ali.<ref name="SI Nack"/>
====Finale====
In 1988, Ali and Frazier joined [[George Foreman]], [[Larry Holmes]], and [[Ken Norton]] in Las Vegas for the making of the film ''Champions Forever''. At a local gym, Frazier came across Ali before a crowd of spectators, and said: "Look at Ali. Look what's happened to him. All your talkin', man. I'm faster than you are now. You're damaged goods."<ref name="SI Nack"/> Ali, already afflicted with Parkinson's, insisted that he remained faster than Frazier and pointing to a heavy bag suggested the two compete to see which of them could hit the bag the fastest. Frazier immediately took off his coat, moved to the bag and threw a dozen rapid punches at it accompanied by loud grunts. Without removing his coat, Ali strolled towards the bag, held the ready stance, mimicked one of Frazier's grunts without throwing a punch, and then addressed Frazier with the words "Wanna see it again, Joe?" Everyone laughed, except Frazier.<ref name="SI Nack"/>
Later that day, Frazier started walking towards Ali after having had too much to drink. Ali biographer [[Thomas Hauser]], who was present, recalled that for the next 10 minutes Larry Holmes positioned himself between Ali and Frazier, preventing Frazier from reaching Ali. George Foreman then took over and acted as Ali's shield for the next 10 minutes. Throughout this incident, Ali remained oblivious to what was going on.<ref name="SI Nack"/>
In his 1996 autobiography ''Smokin' Joe: The Autobiography of a Heavyweight Champion of the World'', in which he always refers to Ali as Cassius Clay,<ref>{{cite web |title=Smokin' Joe: The Autobiography of a Heavyweight Champion of the World, Smokin' Joe Frazier [review] |url=http://www.publishersweekly.com/978-0-02-860847-1 |work=[[Publishers Weekly]] |date=April 29, 1996 |access-date=October 30, 2016 |archive-date=October 31, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161031091826/http://www.publishersweekly.com/978-0-02-860847-1 |url-status=live }}</ref> Frazier wrote: {{Blockquote|Truth is, I'd like to rumble with that sucker [Ali] again—beat him up piece by piece and mail him back to Jesus. ... Now people ask me if I feel bad for him, now that things aren't going so well for him. Nope. I don't. Fact is, I don't give a damn. They want me to love him, but I'll open up the graveyard and bury his ass when the Lord chooses to take him.<ref name="SI Nack"/><ref name="ESPN Woods">{{cite news |url=http://www.espn.com/blog/new-york/boxing/post/_/id/391/joe-frazier-often-had-a-new-york-state-of-mind |title=Joe Frazier hated Muhammad Ali |work=ESPN |date=9 November 2011 |access-date=30 October 2016 |archive-date=31 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161031151100/http://www.espn.com/blog/new-york/boxing/post/_/id/391/joe-frazier-often-had-a-new-york-state-of-mind |url-status=live }}</ref>}}
Commenting on Ali lighting the Olympic flame in 1996, Frazier stated that it would have been good if Ali had fallen into the cauldron after lighting the flame, and that he would have pushed Ali in himself if he had the chance to do so.<ref name="SI Nack"/><ref name = "Facing Ali 102">{{cite book|title=Facing Ali|first=Stephen|last=Brunt|author-link=Stephen Brunt|publisher=The Lyons Press|page = 102|year=2002}}</ref><ref name="HC Jacobs">{{cite news |url=http://articles.courant.com/2011-11-08/sports/hc-jacobs-joe-frazier-column-1109-20111108_1_ali-s-parkinson-s-joe-frazier-muhammad-ali |title=Hoping Joe Frazier Actually Forgave Muhammad Ali |work=Hartford Courant |date=November 8, 2011 |access-date=October 30, 2016 |archive-date=October 31, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161031091232/http://articles.courant.com/2011-11-08/sports/hc-jacobs-joe-frazier-column-1109-20111108_1_ali-s-parkinson-s-joe-frazier-muhammad-ali |url-status=live }}</ref> In a press conference held on July 30, 1996, Frazier accused Ali of being a "draft dodger" and a racist,{{efn|In the 1996 press conference, Frazier stated that "[Ali] didn't like his white brothers."<ref name="SI Nack"/> Prior to their first fight, Frazier had questioned Ali's commitment to blacks, given "a lot of guys around him are white."<ref name="Glory Years 180"/>}} and claimed he would have been a better choice to light the Olympic flame.<ref name="SI Nack"/> Also in 1996, Frazier claimed Ali was suffering from "Joe Frazier-itis" and "left-hook-itis."<ref name="SI Nack"/>
In a 1997 interview, Frazier expressed no regret for the words he had used for Ali at the 1996 Atlanta Olympics. According to Frazier: {{Blockquote|We weren't animals. We were human beings. He called me a gorilla. An Uncle Tom. Uncle Tom? I grew up so poor and so black in South Carolina, even the water we drank was colored. The only guy I 'tommed' for was him, giving in to him. God gave him so many gifts. Fast. Pretty. Smart. Strong. He didn't have to do what he did.<ref name="HC Jacobs"/>}}
In a 2001 interview with ''The New York Times'', Ali again apologized to Frazier for calling him names which, Ali claimed, was done to promote their fights. Frazier initially accepted the apology saying it was time to put this issue behind them.<ref name="NYT Sandomir">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/03/15/sports/boxing-no-floating-no-stinging-ali-extends-hand-to-frazier.html |title=BOXING; No Floating, No Stinging: Ali Extends Hand to Frazier |work=The New York Times |date=March 15, 2001 |access-date=October 30, 2016 |archive-date=October 30, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161030142842/http://www.nytimes.com/2001/03/15/sports/boxing-no-floating-no-stinging-ali-extends-hand-to-frazier.html |url-status=live }}</ref> However, subsequently Frazier commented that Ali should apologize directly to him instead of apologizing through a newspaper. Reacting to this, Ali stated: "If you see Frazier, you tell him he's still a gorilla."<ref name="ESPN Sielski">{{cite news |url=http://www.espn.com/classic/biography/s/Frazier_Joe.html |title=Frazier battled Ali in timeless trilogy |work=ESPN |access-date=October 30, 2016 |archive-date=October 30, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161030141127/http://www.espn.com/classic/biography/s/Frazier_Joe.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
In his interview in [[Stephen Brunt]]'s 2002 book [[Facing Ali (book)|''Facing Ali'']], Frazier, referring to how he had contributed to Ali's infirmity, claimed he was sure Ali thinks of him whenever he gets out of bed, and that whatever Ali was undergoing was the will of God.<ref name = "Facing Ali 102, 124"/>{{efn|In his book, Brunt notes Frazier's struggle of revealing his genuine beliefs about Ali, and being savvy, because by now he had people looking after his commercial interests, and "somebody probably had a talk with him about image and public relations and how they relate to earning potential ... Still, even the new, polished, packaged Frazier has his moments."<ref name = "Facing Ali 102, 124">{{cite book|title=Facing Ali|first=Stephen|last=Brunt|author-link=Stephen Brunt|publisher=The Lyons Press|pages = 102, 124|year=2002}}</ref>}}
In a 2008 interview, Frazier stated he had forgiven Ali, but was unable to comment on whether Ali's present condition was due to divine punishment, as he had earlier stated, since "God works in a mysterious way."<ref name="Telegraph Higginbotham">{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/3563084/Joe-Frazier-Still-Smokin-after-all-these-years.html |title=Joe Frazier: Still Smokin' after all these years |work=The Telegraph |date=November 11, 2008 |access-date=October 30, 2016 |archive-date=July 4, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170704121649/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/3563084/Joe-Frazier-Still-Smokin-after-all-these-years.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
In 2011, on the eve of the 40th anniversary of his first fight with Ali, and the year of his death, Frazier reiterated that he had forgiven Ali.<ref name="HC Jacobs"/>{{efn|In a column in the ''Hartford Courant'', published the day after Frazier's death, Jeff Jacobs wrote: "I hope Smokin' Joe did [forgave Ali]. I hope he let every inch of hate go. The Greatest and The Greatest Opponent deserve to join gloves and walk together into immortality.<ref name="HC Jacobs"/>}} Frazier's funeral service was attended by Ali who reportedly stood and clapped vigorously when the Rev. [[Jesse Jackson]] asked the mourners to stand and bring their hands together one last time for Frazier.<ref name="NYP AP 2011">{{cite news|url=https://nypost.com/2011/11/14/ali-among-4000-at-frazier-funeral/|title=Ali among 4,000 at Frazier funeral|work=New York Post|date=November 14, 2011|access-date=October 30, 2016|archive-date=October 31, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161031090224/http://nypost.com/2011/11/14/ali-among-4000-at-frazier-funeral/|url-status=live}}</ref>
==Titles in boxing==
[[File:Boxing light-heavyweight 1960 Olympics.jpg|thumb|Cassius Clay, later Muhammad Ali, (second from right) at the [[1960 Summer Olympics|1960 Olympics]]]]
===Major world titles===
*[[List of WBA world champions#Heavyweight|WBA heavyweight champion]] (4×)
*[[List of WBC world champions#Heavyweight|WBC heavyweight champion]] (2×)
===Other world titles===
====''The Ring'' magazine titles====
*[[List of The Ring world champions#Heavyweight|''The Ring'' heavyweight champion]] (3×)
====Lineal titles====
*Lineal heavyweight champion (3×)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cyberboxingzone.com/boxing/heavy.htm|title=The Lineal Heavyweight Champions|publisher=The Cyber Boxing Zone Encyclopedia|access-date=January 4, 2020|archive-date=October 9, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221009143352/http://www.cyberboxingzone.com/boxing/heavy.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>
===Regional titles===
*[[List of NABF champions#Heavyweight|NABF heavyweight champion]] (3×)
=== Amateur titles ===
*[[Boxing at the 1960 Summer Olympics|Olympic]] [[Boxing at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight|light heavyweight champion]] (gold medal, 1960)
*[[Amateur Athletic Union|AAU]] national champion (2×)
*National [[Golden Gloves]] champion (2×)
*Kentucky Golden Gloves champion (6×)
==Accolades==
*[[International Boxing Hall of Fame]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Muhammad Ali |url=http://www.ibhof.com/pages/about/inductees/modern/ali.html |access-date=June 6, 2016 |publisher=ibhof.com |archive-date=October 17, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181017200549/http://www.ibhof.com/pages/about/inductees/modern/ali.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[Sports Illustrated#Sportsman of the Century|''Sports Illustrated'' Sportsman of the Century]]
*[[BBC Sports Personality of the Century]]
*[[Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory|CSHL]] [[Double Helix Medal|Double Helix Medal Honoree]]
*Martin Luther King Memorial Award
*[[Presidential Citizens Medal]]
*[[Presidential Medal of Freedom]]<ref>{{cite web| author1 = Office of the Press Secretary| title = Citations for Recipients of the 2005 Presidential Medal of Freedom| url = https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2005/11/20051109-10.html| publisher = The White House, George W. Bush| access-date = June 6, 2016| location = Washington D.C., U.S.| date = November 9, 2005| archive-date = April 24, 2020| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200424022351/https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2005/11/20051109-10.html| url-status = live}}</ref>
*[[Otto Hahn Peace Medal]]
*[[Hollywood Walk of Fame]]<ref>{{cite news| last1 = Bulman| first1 = May| title = Why Muhammad Ali's star is on the wall, not the Walk of Fame| url = https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/muhammad-ali-death-hollywood-star-why-is-it-on-the-wall-not-walk-of-fame-a7065186.html| access-date = June 6, 2016| work = The Independent| date = June 4, 2016| archive-date = July 6, 2018| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180706092045/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/muhammad-ali-death-hollywood-star-why-is-it-on-the-wall-not-walk-of-fame-a7065186.html| url-status = live}}</ref>
*[[Philadelphia Liberty Medal]]<ref name="Liberty">{{cite web|title=Muhammad Ali 2012 Liberty Medal Ceremony|url=https://constitutioncenter.org/calendar/muhammad-ali-2012-liberty-medal-ceremony|publisher=[[National Constitution Center]]|access-date=January 17, 2018|archive-date=January 18, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180118064736/https://constitutioncenter.org/calendar/muhammad-ali-2012-liberty-medal-ceremony|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="sky">{{cite news|title=Muhammad Ali Handed Humanitarian Honour|url=https://news.sky.com/story/muhammad-ali-handed-humanitarian-honour-10470033|work=[[Sky News]]|date=September 14, 2012|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=May 13, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180513080927/https://news.sky.com/story/muhammad-ali-handed-humanitarian-honour-10470033|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[Sports Illustrated Sportsperson of the Year|''Sports Illustrated'' Sportsman of the Year]] (1974)
*''[[Associated Press]]'' [[Associated Press Athlete of the Year|Athlete of the Year]] (1974)
*[[United Press International Athlete of the Year Award]] (1974)
*[[BWAA Fighter of the Year]] (3×)
*[[The Ring magazine Fighter of the Year|''The Ring'' Fighter of the Year]] (6×)
*[[The Ring magazine Fight of the Year|''The Ring'' Fight of the Year]] (6×)
==Professional boxing record==
{{Boxing record summary
|ko-wins=37
|ko-losses=1
|dec-wins=19
|dec-losses=4
}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!{{abbr|No.|Number}}
!Result
!Record
!Opponent
!Type
!Round, time
!Date
!Age
!Location
!Notes
|-
|61
|{{no2}}Loss
|56–5
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Trevor Berbick]]
|UD
|10
|[[Drama in Bahama|Dec 11, 1981]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1981|12|11}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Queen Elizabeth Sports Centre, [[Nassau, Bahamas|Nassau]], Bahamas}}
|
|-
|60
|{{no2}}Loss
|56–4
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Larry Holmes]]
|RTD
|10 (15), {{small|3:00}}
|[[Larry Holmes vs. Muhammad Ali|Oct 2, 1980]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1980|10|02}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Caesars Palace]], [[Paradise, Nevada]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|For WBC and vacant ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|59
|{{yes2}}Win
|56–3
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Leon Spinks]]
|UD
|15
|[[Leon Spinks vs. Muhammad Ali II|Sep 15, 1978]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1978|9|15}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Mercedes-Benz Superdome|Superdome]], [[New Orleans]], Louisiana, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Won WBA and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|58
|{{no2}}Loss
|55–3
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Leon Spinks]]
|SD
|15
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Leon Spinks|Feb 15, 1978]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1978|2|15}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Las Vegas Hilton]], Winchester, Nevada, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Lost WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|57
|{{yes2}}Win
|55–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Earnie Shavers]]
|UD
|15
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Earnie Shavers|Sep 29, 1977]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|9|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Madison Square Garden]], New York City, New York, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|56
|{{yes2}}Win
|54–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Alfredo Evangelista]]
|UD
|15
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Alfredo Evangelista|May 16, 1977]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|5|16}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Capital Centre, Landover, Maryland, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|55
|{{yes2}}Win
|53–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Ken Norton]]
|UD
|15
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Ken Norton III|Sep 28, 1976]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1976|9|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Yankee Stadium (1923)|Yankee Stadium]], New York City, New York, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|54
|{{yes2}}Win
|52–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Richard Dunn (boxer)|Richard Dunn]]
|TKO
|5 (15), {{small|2:05}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Richard Dunn|May 24, 1976]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1976|5|24}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Olympiahalle]], Munich, West Germany}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|53
|{{yes2}}Win
|51–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jimmy Young (boxer)|Jimmy Young]]
|UD
|15
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Jimmy Young|Apr 30, 1976]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1976|4|30}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Capital Centre (Landover, Maryland)|Capital Centre]], [[Landover, Maryland]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|52
|{{yes2}}Win
|50–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jean-Pierre Coopman]]
|KO
|5 (15), {{small|2:46}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Jean-Pierre Coopman|Feb 20, 1976]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1976|2|20}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Roberto Clemente Coliseum]], [[San Juan, Puerto Rico|San Juan]], Puerto Rico}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|51
|{{yes2}}Win
|49–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Joe Frazier]]
|RTD
|14 (15), {{small|3:00}}
|[[Thrilla in Manila|Oct 1, 1975]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1975|10|01}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Philippine Coliseum]], [[Quezon City]], Philippines}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|50
|{{yes2}}Win
|48–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Joe Bugner]]
|UD
|15
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Bugner|July 1, 1975]]<!-- This is often reported as happening on June 30 because it was still June 30 in much of the world when the fight started on July 1 in Malaysia --><ref>{{cite web |title=ESPN Classic – Muhammad Ali's ring record |url=https://www.espn.com/classic/s/Ali_record.html |website=espn.com |access-date=July 6, 2021 |archive-date=December 20, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220072645/https://espn.go.com/classic/s/Ali_record.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1975|6|30}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Stadium Merdeka]], Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|49
|{{yes2}}Win
|47–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Ron Lyle]]
|TKO
|11 (15), {{small|1:08}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Ron Lyle|May 16, 1975]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1975|5|16}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Las Vegas Convention Center, Winchester, Nevada, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|48
|{{yes2}}Win
|46–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Chuck Wepner]]
|TKO
|15 (15), {{small|2:41}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Chuck Wepner|Mar 24, 1975]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1975|3|24}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Richfield Coliseum|Coliseum]], [[Richfield, Ohio]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|47
|{{yes2}}Win
|45–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[George Foreman]]
|KO
|8 (15), {{small|2:58}}
|[[The Rumble in the Jungle|Oct 30, 1974]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1974|10|30}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Stade du 20 Mai]], [[Kinshasa]], Zaire}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Won WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|46
|{{yes2}}Win
|44–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Joe Frazier]]
|UD
|12
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Frazier II|Jan 28, 1974]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1974|1|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained NABF heavyweight title}}
|-
|45
|{{yes2}}Win
|43–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Rudie Lubbers]]
|UD
|12
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Rudie Lubbers|Oct 20, 1973]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1973|10|20}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Gelora Bung Karno Stadium]], [[Jakarta]], Indonesia}}
|
|-
|44
|{{yes2}}Win
|42–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Ken Norton]]
|SD
|12
|[[Ken Norton vs. Muhammad Ali II|Sep 10, 1973]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1973|9|10}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[The Forum (Inglewood, California)|The Forum]], [[Inglewood, California]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Won NABF heavyweight title}}
|-
|43
|{{no2}}Loss
|41–2
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Ken Norton]]
|{{abbr|SD|Split decision}}
|12
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Ken Norton|Mar 31, 1973]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1973|3|31}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Pechanga Arena|Sports Arena]], [[San Diego, California]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Lost NABF heavyweight title}}
|-
|42
|{{yes2}}Win
|41–1
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Joe Bugner]]
|UD
|12
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Bugner|Feb 14, 1973]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1973|2|14}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Las Vegas Convention Center, Winchester, Nevada, U.S.}}
|
|-
|41
|{{yes2}}Win
|40–1
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Bob Foster (boxer)|Bob Foster]]
|KO
|8 (12), {{small|0:40}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Bob Foster|Nov 21, 1972]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|11|21}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Sahara Tahoe]], [[Stateline, Nevada]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained NABF heavyweight title}}
|-
|40
|{{yes2}}Win
|39–1
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Floyd Patterson]]
|RTD
|7 (12), {{small|3:00}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Floyd Patterson II|Sep 20, 1972]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|9|20}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained NABF heavyweight title}}
|-
|39
|{{yes2}}Win
|38–1
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Alvin Lewis (boxer)|Alvin Lewis]]
|TKO
|11 (12), {{small|1:15}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Al Lewis|Jul 19, 1972]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|7|19}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Croke Park]], [[Dublin]], Ireland}}
|
|-
|38
|{{yes2}}Win
|37–1
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jerry Quarry]]
|TKO
|7 (12), {{small|0:19}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Jerry Quarry|Jun 27, 1972]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|6|27}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Las Vegas Convention Center, Winchester, Nevada, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained NABF heavyweight title}}
|-
|37
|{{yes2}}Win
|36–1
|style="text-align:left;"|[[George Chuvalo]]
|UD
|12
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. George Chuvalo|May 1, 1972]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|5|01}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Pacific Coliseum]], [[Vancouver]], British Columbia, Canada}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained NABF heavyweight title}}
|-
|36
|{{yes2}}Win
|35–1
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Mac Foster]]
|UD
|15
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Mac Foster|Apr 1, 1972]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|4|01}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Nippon Budokan]], [[Tokyo]], Japan}}
|
|-
|35
|{{yes2}}Win
|34–1
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jürgen Blin]]
|KO
|7 (12), {{small|2:12}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Jürgen Blin|Dec 26, 1971]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|12|26}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Hallenstadion]], [[Zürich]], Switzerland}}
|
|-
|34
|{{yes2}}Win
|33–1
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Buster Mathis]]
|UD
|12
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Buster Mathis|Nov 17, 1971]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|11|17}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Astrodome, Houston, Texas, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained NABF heavyweight title}}
|-
|33
|{{yes2}}Win
|32–1
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jimmy Ellis (boxer)|Jimmy Ellis]]
|TKO
|12 (12), {{small|2:10}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Jimmy Ellis|Jul 26, 1971]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|7|26}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Astrodome, Houston, Texas, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Won vacant NABF heavyweight title}}
|-
|32
|{{no2}}Loss
|31–1
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Joe Frazier]]
|UD
|15
|[[Joe Frazier vs. Muhammad Ali|Mar 8, 1971]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|3|08}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|For WBA, WBC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|31
|{{yes2}}Win
|31–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Oscar Bonavena]]
|TKO
|15 (15), {{small|2:03}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Oscar Bonavena|Dec 7, 1970]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1970|12|07}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Won vacant [[list of NABF champions#Heavyweight|NABF heavyweight title]]}}
|-
|30
|{{yes2}}Win
|30–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jerry Quarry]]
|RTD
|3 (15), {{small|3:00}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Jerry Quarry|Oct 26, 1970]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1970|10|26}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Atlanta Municipal Auditorium|Municipal Auditorium]], [[Atlanta, Georgia]], U.S.}}
|
|-
|29
|{{yes2}}Win
|29–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Zora Folley]]
|KO
|7 (15), {{small|1:48}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Zora Folley|Mar 22, 1967]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1967|3|22}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Madison Square Garden (1925)|Madison Square Garden]], New York City, New York, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBA, WBC, NYSAC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|28
|{{yes2}}Win
|28–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Ernie Terrell]]
|UD
|15
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Ernie Terrel|Feb 6, 1967]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1967|2|06}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Astrodome, Houston, Texas, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBC, NYSAC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles;<br>Won WBA heavyweight title}}
|-
|27
|{{yes2}}Win
|27–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Cleveland Williams]]
|TKO
|3 (15), {{small|1:08}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Cleveland Williams|Nov 14, 1966]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1966|11|14}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Astrodome]], [[Houston]], Texas, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBC, NYSAC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|26
|{{yes2}}Win
|26–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Karl Mildenberger]]
|TKO
|12 (15), {{small|1:30}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Karl Mildenberger|Sep 10, 1966]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1966|9|10}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Waldstadion (Frankfurt)|Waldstadion]], Frankfurt, West Germany}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBC, NYSAC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|25
|{{yes2}}Win
|25–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Brian London]]
|KO
|3 (15), {{small|1:40}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Brian London|Aug 6, 1966]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1966|8|06}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Earls Court Exhibition Centre]], London, England}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBC, NYSAC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|24
|{{yes2}}Win
|24–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Henry Cooper]]
|TKO
|6 (15), {{small|1:38}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Henry Cooper II|May 21, 1966]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1966|5|21}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Arsenal Stadium]], London, England}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBC, NYSAC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|23
|{{yes2}}Win
|23–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[George Chuvalo]]
|UD
|15
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. George Chuvalo|Mar 29, 1966]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1966|3|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Maple Leaf Gardens]], [[Toronto]], Canada}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBC, NYSAC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|22
|{{yes2}}Win
|22–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Floyd Patterson]]
|TKO
|12 (15), {{small|2:18}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Floyd Patterson|Nov 22, 1965]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1965|11|22}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Las Vegas Convention Center, Winchester, Nevada, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBC, NYSAC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|21
|{{yes2}}Win
|21–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Sonny Liston]]
|KO
|1 (15), {{small|2:12}}
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Sonny Liston#Ali vs. Liston II|May 25, 1965]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1965|5|25}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Androscoggin Bank Colisée|Civic Center]], [[Lewiston, Maine]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Retained WBC, NYSAC, and ''The Ring'' heavyweight titles}}
|-
|20
|{{yes2}}Win
|20–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Sonny Liston]]
|RTD
|6 (15), {{small|3:00}}
|[[Sonny Liston vs. Cassius Clay|Feb 25, 1964]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1964|2|25}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Convention Center, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Won [[list of WBA world champions#Heavyweight|WBA]], [[list of WBC world champions#Heavyweight|WBC]], [[NYSAC]], and [[list of The Ring world champions#Heavyweight|''The Ring'' heavyweight titles]]}}
|-
|19
|{{yes2}}Win
|19–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Henry Cooper]]
|TKO
|5 (10), {{small|2:15}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Henry Cooper|Jun 18, 1963]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1963|6|18}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Wembley Stadium (1923)|Wembley Stadium]], London, England}}
|
|-
|18
|{{yes2}}Win
|18–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Doug Jones (boxer)|Doug Jones]]
|UD
|10
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Doug Jones|Mar 13, 1963]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1963|3|13}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.}}
|
|-
|17
|{{yes2}}Win
|17–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Charlie Powell]]
|KO
|3 (10), {{small|2:04}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Charlie Powell|Jan 24, 1963]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1963|1|24}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Civic Arena (Pittsburgh)|Civic Arena]], [[Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania]], U.S.}}
|
|-
|16
|{{yes2}}Win
|16–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Archie Moore]]
|TKO
|4 (10), {{small|1:35}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Archie Moore|Nov 15, 1962]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1962|11|15}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Memorial Sports Arena, Los Angeles, California, U.S.}}
|
|-
|15
|{{yes2}}Win
|15–0
|style="text-align:left;"|Alejandro Lavorante
|KO
|5 (10), {{small|1:48}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Alejandro Lavorante|Jul 20, 1962]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1962|7|20}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Memorial Sports Arena, Los Angeles, California, U.S.}}
|
|-
|14
|{{yes2}}Win
|14–0
|style="text-align:left;"|Billy Daniels
|TKO
|7 (10), {{small|2:21}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Billy Daniels|May 19, 1962]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1962|5|19}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[St. Nicholas Arena]], New York City, New York, U.S.}}
|
|-
|13
|{{yes2}}Win
|13–0
|style="text-align:left;"|George Logan
|TKO
|4 (10), {{small|1:34}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. George Logan|Apr 23, 1962]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1962|4|23}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Memorial Sports Arena]], [[Los Angeles, California]], U.S.}}
|
|-
|12
|{{yes2}}Win
|12–0
|style="text-align:left;"|Don Warner
|TKO
|4 (10), {{small|0:34}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Don Warner|Feb 28, 1962]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1962|3|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Convention Center, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.}}
|
|-
|11
|{{yes2}}Win
|11–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Sonny Banks]]
|TKO
|4 (10), {{small|0:26}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Sonny Banks|Feb 10, 1962]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1962|2|10}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Madison Square Garden, [[New York City, New York]], U.S.}}
|
|-
|10
|{{yes2}}Win
|10–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Willi Besmanoff]]
|TKO
|7 (10), {{small|1:55}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Willi Besmanoff|Nov 29, 1961]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1961|11|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Freedom Hall, Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.}}
|
|-
|9
|{{yes2}}Win
|9–0
|style="text-align:left;"|Alex Miteff
|TKO
|6 (10), {{small|1:45}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Alex Miteff|Oct 7, 1961]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1961|10|07}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Freedom Hall, Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.}}
|
|-
|8
|{{yes2}}Win
|8–0
|style="text-align:left;"|Alonzo Johnson
|UD
|10
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Alonzo Johnson|Jul 22, 1961]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1961|7|22}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Freedom Hall, Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.}}
|
|-
|7
|{{yes2}}Win
|7–0
|style="text-align:left;"|Duke Sabedong
|UD
|10
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Duke Sabedong|Jun 26, 1961]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1961|6|26}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Las Vegas Convention Center]], [[Winchester, Nevada]], U.S.}}
|
|-
|6
|{{yes2}}Win
|6–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[LaMar Clark]]
|KO
|2 (8), {{small|1:27}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Lamar Clark|Apr 19, 1961]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1961|4|19}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Freedom Hall, Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.}}
|
|-
|5
|{{yes2}}Win
|5–0
|style="text-align:left;"|Donnie Fleeman
|{{abbr|RTD|Corner retirement}}
|6 (8)
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Donnie Fleeman|Feb 21, 1961]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1961|2|21}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Municipal Auditorium, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.}}
|
|-
|4
|{{yes2}}Win
|4–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jim Robinson (boxer)|Jim Robinson]]
|{{abbr|KO|Knockout}}
|1 (8), {{small|1:34}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Jim Robinson|Feb 7, 1961]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1961|2|07}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Miami Beach Convention Center|Convention Center]], Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.}}
|
|-
|3
|{{yes2}}Win
|3–0
|style="text-align:left;"|Tony Esperti
|TKO
|3 (8), {{small|1:30}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Tony Esperti|Jan 17, 1961]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1961|1|17}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Municipal Auditorium, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.}}
|
|-
|2
|{{yes2}}Win
|2–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Herb Siler]]
|{{abbr|TKO|Technical knockout}}
|4 (8), {{small|1:00}}
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Herb Siler|Dec 27, 1960]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1960|12|27}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Miami Beach Municipal Auditorium|Municipal Auditorium]], [[Miami Beach, Florida]], U.S.}}
|
|-
|1
|{{yes2}}Win
|1–0
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Tunney Hunsaker]]
|{{abbr|UD|Unanimous decision}}
|6
|[[Cassius Clay vs. Tunney Hunsaker|Oct 29, 1960]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1960|10|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Freedom Hall]], [[Louisville, Kentucky]], U.S.}}
|
|}
==Exhibition boxing record==
{{incomplete list|date=December 2021}}
''The following list does not include matches in which the opponent's name, location or exact date is unknown such as the one that took place in [[Genoa]], [[Italy]] against Alonzo Johnson and Giorgio Bambini around 1971, his knockout victory over Alonzo Johnson in [[Doha]], [[Qatar]] in 1971 (before The Fight of the Century), his two ten-round exhibitions against Roy "Tiger" Williams at [[Deer Lake, Pennsylvania|Deer Lake]] in early 1975, his six-round exhibition on April 26, 1975 in [[Orlando]], [[Florida]], and the one that took place in [[Casablanca]], [[Morocco]] around 1979.'' Exhibition contests do not count on a professional or amateur boxer's official record.
{{BoxingRecordSummary
|draws=2
|ko-wins=1
|ko-losses=3
|dec-wins=1
|dec-losses=
|nonscore=98
}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!{{abbr|No.|Number}}
!Result
!Record
!Opponent
!Type
!Round, time
!Date
!Age
!Location
!Notes
|-
|105
|{{draw}}Draw
|2–3–2 {{small|(98)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Dave Semenko]]
|PTS
|3
|Jun 12, 1983
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1983|6|12}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Northlands Coliseum]], [[Edmonton]], [[Alberta]], Canada}}
|style="text-align:left;"|
|-
|104
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(98)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Reiner Hartner
|{{N/A}}
|?
|Dec 4, 1982
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1982|12|4}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Al Maktoum Stadium]], [[Dubai]], U.A.E.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|103
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(97)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jimmy Ellis (boxer)|Jimmy Ellis]]
|{{N/A}}
|?
|Dec 1, 1982
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1982|12|1}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Zayed Sports City Stadium|Sheikh Zayed Stadium]], [[Abu Dhabi]], [[U.A.E.]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|102
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(96)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jimmy Ellis (boxer)|Jimmy Ellis]]
|{{N/A}}
|5
|Jan 31, 1980
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1980|1|31}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Madras]], India}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|101
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(95)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Kaur Singh]]
|{{N/A}}
|4
|Jan 27, 1980
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1980|1|27}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Major Dhyan Chand National Stadium|National Stadium]], [[New Delhi]], [[India]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|100
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(94)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Lyle Alzado]]
|{{N/A}}
|8
|Jul 14, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|7|14}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Mile High Stadium]], [[Denver]], [[Colorado]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|99
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(93)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Thomas F. X. Smith]]
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jun 29, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|6|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Jersey City Armory]], [[Jersey City, New Jersey]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|98
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(92)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Brendan Byrne]]
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jun 29, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|6|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Jersey City Armory]], [[Jersey City, New Jersey]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|97
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(91)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jimmy Ellis (boxer)|Jimmy Ellis]]
|{{N/A}}
|5
|Jun 7, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|6|7}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Birmingham Odeon|Odeon Theatre]], [[Birmingham]], England}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|96
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(90)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Karl Mildenberger]]
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jun 4, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|6|4}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Grugahalle]], [[Essen]], West Germany}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|95
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(89)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Georg Butzbach
|{{N/A}}
|3
|Jun 4, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|6|4}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Grugahalle]], [[Essen]], [[West Germany]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|94
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(88)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[John L. Gardner (boxer)|John L. Gardner]]
|{{N/A}}
|4
|May 29, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|5|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Royal Albert Hall]], London, England}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|93
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(87)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jimmy Ellis (boxer)|Jimmy Ellis]]
|{{N/A}}
|5
|May 27, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|5|27}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Arena Randers|Randershallen]], [[Randers]], Denmark}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|92
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(86)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Alonzo Johnson
|{{N/A}}
|5
|May 27, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|5|27}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Arena Randers|Randershallen]], [[Randers]], [[Denmark]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|91
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(85)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jimmy Ellis (boxer)|Jimmy Ellis]]
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Mar 12, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|3|12}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Providence Civic Center]], [[Providence, Rhode Island]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|90
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(84)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Alonzo Johnson
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Mar 12, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|3|12}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Providence Civic Center]], [[Providence, Rhode Island]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|89
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(83)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|John "Dino" Denis
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Mar 12, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|3|12}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Providence Civic Center]], [[Providence, Rhode Island]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|88
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(82)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Luke Capuano
|{{N/A}}
|4
|Feb 28, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|2|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Alumni Hall (DePaul University)|DePaul University Alumni Hall]], Chicago, Illinois, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|87
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(81)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Joe Bugner]]
|{{N/A}}
|?
|Feb 8, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|2|8}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Auckland]], New Zealand}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|86
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(80)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jimmy Ellis (boxer)|Jimmy Ellis]]
|{{N/A}}
|?
|Feb 8, 1979
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1979|2|8}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Auckland]], New Zealand}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|85
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(79)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Igor Vysotsky]]
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jun 20, 1978
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1978|6|20}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Moscow]], [[RSFSR]], U.S.S.R.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|84
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(78)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Evgeny Gorstkov
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jun 20, 1978
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1978|6|20}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Moscow]], [[RSFSR]], U.S.S.R.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|83
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(77)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pyotr Zayev]]
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jun 20, 1978
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1978|6|20}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Moscow]], [[RSFSR]], [[U.S.S.R.]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|82
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(76)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Burt Young]]
|{{N/A}}
|?
|May 8, 1978
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1978|5|8}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Olympic Auditorium]], [[Los Angeles]], [[California]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|81
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(75)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Marvin Gaye]]
|{{N/A}}
|?
|May 8, 1978
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1978|5|8}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Olympic Auditorium]], [[Los Angeles]], [[California]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|80
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(74)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Richard Pryor]]
|{{N/A}}
|?
|May 8, 1978
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1978|5|8}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Olympic Auditorium]], [[Los Angeles]], [[California]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|79
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(73)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Sammy Davis Jr.]]
|{{N/A}}
|?
|May 8, 1978
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1978|5|8}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Olympic Auditorium]], [[Los Angeles]], [[California]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|78
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(72)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Scott LeDoux]]
|{{N/A}}
|5
|Dec 2, 1977
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|12|2}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Auditorium Theatre]], Chicago, Illinois, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|77
|{{N/A}}
|2–3–1 {{small|(71)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Bernardo Mercado]]
|{{N/A}}
|5
|Nov 14, 1977
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|11|14}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Santamaría Bullring]], [[Bogotá]], [[Colombia]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|76
|{{no2}}Loss
|2–3–1 {{small|(70)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Bruce Wells]]
|KO
|?
|Aug 12, 1977
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|8|12}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[South Shields]], England}}
|style="text-align:left;"|
|-
|75
|{{N/A}}
|2–2–1 {{small|(70)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Michael Dokes]]
|{{N/A}}
|3
|Apr 16, 1977
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|4|16}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Miami Beach Convention Center]], Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|74
|{{N/A}}
|2–2–1 {{small|(69)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Jody Ballard
|{{N/A}}
|3
|Apr 16, 1977
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|4|16}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Miami Beach Convention Center]], Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|73
|{{N/A}}
|2–2–1 {{small|(68)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Ron Drinkwater
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jan 29, 1977
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|1|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Hynes Convention Center|Hynes Auditorium]], [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|72
|{{N/A}}
|2–2–1 {{small|(67)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Matt Ross
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jan 29, 1977
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|1|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Hynes Convention Center|Hynes Auditorium]], [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|71
|{{N/A}}
|2–2–1 {{small|(66)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Frank Kingston Smith]]
|{{N/A}}
|1
|Jan 29, 1977
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|1|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Hynes Convention Center|Hynes Auditorium]], [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|70
|{{N/A}}
|2–2–1 {{small|(65)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Walter Haines
|{{N/A}}
|1
|Jan 29, 1977
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|1|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Hynes Convention Center|Hynes Auditorium]], [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|69
|{{N/A}}
|2–2–1 {{small|(64)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Peter Fuller
|{{N/A}}
|1
|Jan 29, 1977
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|1|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Hynes Convention Center|Hynes Auditorium]], [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|68
|{{N/A}}
|2–2–1 {{small|(63)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Jerry Huston Jr.
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jan 29, 1977
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1977|1|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Hynes Convention Center|Hynes Auditorium]], [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|67
|{{N/A}}
|2–2–1 {{small|(62)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Larry D. Rice
|{{N/A}}
|1
|Jun 27, 1976
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1976|6|27}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Camp Casey, South Korea|Camp Casey]], [[Dongducheon]], South Korea}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|66
|{{N/A}}
|2–2–1 {{small|(61)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Gerald Noble
|{{N/A}}
|1
|Jun 27, 1976
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1976|6|27}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Camp Casey, South Korea|Camp Casey]], [[Dongducheon]], [[South Korea]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|65
|{{draw}}Draw
|2–2–1 {{small|(60)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Antonio Inoki]]
|PTS
|15
|[[Muhammad Ali vs. Antonio Inoki|Jun 25, 1976]]
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1976|6|25}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Nippon Budokan]], [[Tokyo]], [[Japan]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Under special "boxing-wrestling" rules}}
|-
|64
|{{yes2}}Win
|2–2 {{small|(60)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Buddy Wolff]]
|PTS
|3
|Jun 10, 1976
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1976|6|10}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|International Amphitheater, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|"Boxer vs. Wrestler"}}
|-
|63
|{{yes2}}Win
|1–2 {{small|(60)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Kenny Jay]]
|KO
|2 (3) {{small|1:29}}
|Jun 10, 1976
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1976|6|10}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[International Amphitheater]], [[Chicago]], [[Illinois]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|"Boxer vs. Wrestler"}}
|-
|62
|{{no2}}Loss
|0–2 {{small|(60)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[José Miguel Agrelot]]
|KO
|?
|Feb 6, 1976
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1976|2|6}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Cancha Pepin Cestero, [[Bayamón]], Puerto Rico}}
|style="text-align:left;"|
|-
|61
|{{N/A}}
|0–1 {{small|(60)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Clifford "Randy" Stephens
|{{N/A}}
|3
|Dec 6, 1975
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1975|12|6}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Dallas]], Texas, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|60
|{{no2}}Loss
|0–1 {{small|(59)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Bill Cunningham
|KO
|? (2)
|Jun 6, 1975
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1975|6|6}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Olympia Stadium]], [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|
|-
|59
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(59)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Robert Blackwell
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jun 6, 1975
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1975|6|6}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Olympia Stadium]], [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|58
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(58)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Johnny Hudson
|{{N/A}}
|3
|Jun 6, 1975
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1975|6|6}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Olympia Stadium]], [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|57
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(57)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Boston Almon
|{{N/A}}
|1
|Jun 6, 1975
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1975|6|6}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Olympia Stadium]], [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|56
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(56)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Ron Gentry
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jun 6, 1975
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1975|6|6}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Olympia Stadium]], [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|55
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(55)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Joe Bugner]]
|{{N/A}}
|?
|Dec 3, 1974
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1974|12|3}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Royal Albert Hall]], London, England}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|54
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(54)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Roy "Cookie" Wallace
|{{N/A}}
|4
|Feb 23, 1973
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1973|2|23}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Moody Coliseum]], [[University Park, Texas|University Park]], [[Texas]] U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|53
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(53)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Alonzo Johnson
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Nov 28, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|11|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Salem Civic Center|Salem-Roanoke Valley Civic Center]], [[Salem, Virginia]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|52
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(52)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|John Jordan
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Nov 28, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|11|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Salem Civic Center|Salem-Roanoke Valley Civic Center]], [[Salem, Virginia]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|51
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(51)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Jimmy Wingfield
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Nov 28, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|11|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Salem Civic Center|Salem-Roanoke Valley Civic Center]], [[Salem, Virginia]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|50
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(50)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Charlie Boston
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Nov 28, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|11|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Salem Civic Center|Salem-Roanoke Valley Civic Center]], [[Salem, Virginia]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|49
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(49)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Paul Raymond
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Oct 11, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|10|11}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Boston Garden]], [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|48
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(48)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Ray Anderson (boxer)|Ray Anderson]]
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Oct 11, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|10|11}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Boston Garden, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|47
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(47)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Doug Kirk
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Oct 11, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|10|11}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Boston Garden, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|46
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(46)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Cliff McDonald
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Oct 11, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|10|11}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Boston Garden, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|45
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(45)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|John "Dino" Denis
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Oct 11, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|10|11}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Boston Garden]], [[Boston, Massachusetts]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|44
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(44)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Gary Dee]]
|{{N/A}}
|1
|Aug 28, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|8|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Cleveland Arena, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|43
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(43)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Rodney Greene
|{{N/A}}
|1
|Aug 28, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|8|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Cleveland Arena, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|42
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(42)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Terry Daniels
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Aug 28, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|8|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Cleveland Arena, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|41
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(41)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Amos Johnson
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Aug 28, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|8|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Cleveland Arena, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|40
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(40)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Alonzo Johnson
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Aug 28, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|8|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Cleveland Arena]], [[Cleveland, Ohio]] U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|39
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(39)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Ray Anderson (boxer)|Ray Anderson]]
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Aug 24, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|8|24}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Baltimore Civic Center]], [[Baltimore, Maryland]] U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|38
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(38)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Alonzo Johnson
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Aug 24, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|8|24}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Baltimore Civic Center]], [[Baltimore, Maryland]] U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|37
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(37)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Gregorio Peralta]]
|{{N/A}}
|8
|Aug 1, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|8|1}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[La Monumental]], [[Barcelona]], [[Spain]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|36
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(36)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Ba Sounkalo
|{{N/A}}
|8
|Jul 29, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|7|29}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Casablanca]], [[Morocco]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|35
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(35)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Rahman Ali|Rudy Clay]]
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jul 1, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|7|1}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Los Angeles, California, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|34
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(34)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Charley James
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jul 1, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|7|1}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Los Angeles, California, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|33
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(33)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Billy Ryan
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jul 1, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|7|1}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Los Angeles, California, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|32
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(32)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Eddie Jones
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jul 1, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|7|1}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Los Angeles, California, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|31
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(31)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Lonnie Bennett
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jul 1, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|7|1}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Los Angeles, California]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|30
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(30)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Al Migliorato
|{{N/A}}
|4
|Feb 18, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|2|18}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|29
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(29)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Jeff Merritt
|{{N/A}}
|5
|Jan 28, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|1|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Pacific Coliseum, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|28
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(28)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Alonzo Johnson
|{{N/A}}
|5
|Jan 28, 1972
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1972|1|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Pacific Coliseum]], [[Vancouver, British Columbia]], [[Canada]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|27
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(27)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Miguel Ángel Páez
|{{N/A}}
|5
|Nov 6, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|11|6}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Atlanta Court, Buenos Aires, Argentina}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|26
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(26)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|James Summerville
|{{N/A}}
|5
|Nov 6, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|11|6}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Estadio Don León Kolbovski|Atlanta Court]], [[Buenos Aires]], [[Argentina]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|25
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(25)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Cliff Field
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Oct 19, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|10|19}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Royal Albert Hall, London, England}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|24
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(24)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Graham Sines
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Oct 19, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|10|19}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Royal Albert Hall, London, England}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|23
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(23)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Johnny Frankham]]
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Oct 19, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|10|19}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Royal Albert Hall, London, England}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|22
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(22)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Alonzo Johnson
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Oct 19, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|10|19}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Royal Albert Hall]], London, England}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|21
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(21)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Eddie Brooks
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Aug 22, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|8|22}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Queen's Park Oval, Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|20
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(20)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Lancer Johnson
|{{N/A}}
|4
|Aug 22, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|8|22}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Queen's Park Oval]], [[Port of Spain]], [[Trinidad and Tobago]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|19
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(19)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Eddie Brooks
|{{N/A}}
|4
|Aug 21, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|8|21}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Nuevo Circo, Caracas, Venezuela}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|18
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(18)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Lancer Johnson
|{{N/A}}
|4
|Aug 21, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|8|21}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Nuevo Circo, [[Caracas]], Venezuela}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|17
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(17)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Rufus Braswell
|{{N/A}}
|3
|Jun 25, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|6|25}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Hara Arena, Dayton, Ohio, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|16
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(16)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Eddie Brooks
|{{N/A}}
|3
|Jun 25, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|6|25}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Hara Arena, Dayton, Ohio, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|15
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(15)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|J.D. McCauley
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Jun 25, 1971
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1971|6|25}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Hara Arena]], [[Dayton]], [[Ohio]] U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|14
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(14)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|George Hill
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Sep 2, 1970
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1970|9|2}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Archer Hall Gymnasium, Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|13
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(13)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Johnny Hudgins
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Sep 2, 1970
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1970|9|2}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Archer Hall Gymnasium, Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|12
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(12)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Rufus Braswell
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Sep 2, 1970
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1970|9|2}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Archer Hall Gymnasium, [[Atlanta, Georgia]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|11
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(11)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Orvill Qualls
|{{N/A}}
|3
|Jun 15, 1967
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1967|6|15}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Detroit, Michigan, U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|10
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(10)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Al "Blue" Lewis]]
|{{N/A}}
|3
|Jun 15, 1967
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1967|6|15}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Detroit, Michigan]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|9
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(9)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Doug Jones (boxer)|Doug Jones]]
|{{N/A}}
|6
|Oct 27, 1966
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1966|10|27}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Freedom Hall]], [[Louisville, Kentucky]], U.S.}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|8
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(8)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Cody Jones
|{{N/A}}
|4
|Aug 20, 1965
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1965|8|20}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Paisley, Renfrewshire|Paisley]], Scotland}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|7
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(7)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jimmy Ellis (boxer)|Jimmy Ellis]]
|{{N/A}}
|4
|Aug 20, 1965
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1965|8|20}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[London]], [[England]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|6
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(6)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jimmy Ellis (boxer)|Jimmy Ellis]]
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Aug 16, 1965
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1965|8|16}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Nya Ullevi, Gothenburg, Sweden}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|5
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(5)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Cody Jones
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Aug 16, 1965
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1965|8|16}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Nya Ullevi]], [[Gothenburg]], [[Sweden]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|4
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(4)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Cody Jones
|{{N/A}}
|3
|Jul 31, 1965
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1965|7|31}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|San Juan, Puerto Rico}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|3
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(3)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Jimmy Ellis (boxer)|Jimmy Ellis]]
|{{N/A}}
|3
|Jul 31, 1965
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1965|7|31}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[San Juan, Puerto Rico|San Juan]], [[Puerto Rico]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|2
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(2)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|Cody Jones
|{{N/A}}
|4
|Jul 28, 1965
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1965|7|28}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|The Palace Theatre, [[Belize City]], British Honduras}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|-
|1
|{{N/A}}
|0–0 {{small|(1)}}
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Ingemar Johansson]]
|{{N/A}}
|2
|Feb 6, 1961
|style="text-align:left;"|{{age in years and days|1942|1|17|1961|2|6}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|[[Miami Beach]], [[Florida]] [[U.S.]]}}
|style="text-align:left;"|{{small|Non-scored bout}}
|}
==Television viewership==
{{See also|Muhammad Ali#Television appearances}}
Muhammad Ali's fights were some of the world's [[List of most-watched television broadcasts|most-watched television broadcasts]], setting television viewership records. Some of his most-watched fights drew an estimated 1{{ndash}}2 billion viewers worldwide between 1974 and 1980, and were the world's most-watched live television broadcasts at the time.<ref name="briefly">{{cite news |last=Gitonga |first=Ruth |title=Most-watched television events in the world ever: Top 20 list ranked |url=https://briefly.co.za/facts-lifehacks/top/152256-most-watched-television-events-world-top-20-list-ranked/ |work=briefly.co.za |date=February 7, 2023 |access-date=November 5, 2023 |archive-date=March 14, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314153340/https://briefly.co.za/facts-lifehacks/top/152256-most-watched-television-events-world-top-20-list-ranked/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%"
|-
! Date !! Fight(s) !! Region(s) !! Viewers !! Source(s)
|-
| rowspan="3" | {{dts|1964|February|25|format=mdy}}
| rowspan="3" | [[Sonny Liston vs. Cassius Clay]]
| Western world
| 165,950,000
|
|-
| Europe
| 165,000,000
| <ref>{{cite book|last=Eig|first=Jonathan|title=Ali: A Life|date=2017|publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin Harcourt]]|isbn=9780544435247|page=145|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MgNLDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA145|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002029/https://books.google.com/books?id=MgNLDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA145#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| United States ([[Pay-per-view|PPV]])
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:700000+250000}}|}}
| <ref name="Ezra82"/><ref name="Ezra83"/>
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{dts|1965|May|25|format=mdy}}
| rowspan="2" | [[Muhammad Ali vs. Sonny Liston]] II
| Worldwide
| 80,000,000
| <ref name="mee">{{cite book|last=Mee|first=Bob|title=Liston and Ali: The Ugly Bear and the Boy Who Would Be King|date=2011|publisher=[[Mainstream Publishing]]|isbn=9781907195655|page=308|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cdWp6foVPA4C&pg=PT308|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002029/https://books.google.com/books?id=cdWp6foVPA4C&pg=PT308|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| United Kingdom
| 7,000,000
| <ref>{{cite book|title=BBC Year Book|date=1966|publisher=BBC|page=32|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vMo5AQAAIAAJ&q=Clay+Liston|language=en|quote=Among the outstanding events sent "live" on Early Bird television in the testing period were: the launching and recovery of the Gemini Titan IV, the United Nations Session in San Francisco to commemorate the twentieth anniversary of the signing of the United Nations Charter, the inauguration of President Johnson, and the Clay—Liston world heavyweight championship fight, watched in Britain by seven million viewers at 3.30 a.m.|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002030/https://books.google.com/books?id=vMo5AQAAIAAJ&q=Clay+Liston|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" | {{dts|1966|May|21|format=mdy}}
| rowspan="3" | [[Muhammad Ali vs. Henry Cooper II]]
| Worldwide
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:100000000*2}}|}}
| <ref>{{cite book|last1=Boddy|first1=Kasia|title=Boxing: A Cultural History|date=2008|publisher=[[Reaktion Books]]|location=London|isbn=978-1861896179|page=330|url=https://archive.org/stream/BoxingACulturalHistory/Boxing-ACulturalHistory#page/n331/mode/1up}}</ref>
|-
| United Kingdom
| 21,000,000
| <ref>{{cite journal|title=Papers by Command|journal=Papers by Command|date=1966|volume=23|page=29|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TMs5AQAAIAAJ&q=ali+cooper|publisher=[[H.M. Stationery Office]]|language=en|quote=Other outstanding sporting events carried on radio included the Commonwealth Games in Jamaica and the World Heavyweight Championship fight between Henry Cooper and Muhammad Ali (Cassius Clay), which attracted an audience of twenty-one million.|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002030/https://books.google.com/books?id=TMs5AQAAIAAJ&q=ali+cooper|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| United States
| 20,000,000
| <ref name="haynes">{{cite book|last=Haynes|first=Richard|title=BBC Sport in Black and White|date=2016|publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media|Springer]]|isbn=9781137455017|page=213|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZM-GDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA213|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002030/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZM-GDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA213#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" | {{dts|1971|March|8|format=mdy}}
| rowspan="3" | [[Fight of the Century|Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Frazier (''Fight of the Century'')]]
| Worldwide
| 300,000,000
| <ref name="nzz">{{cite news|title=Muhammad Ali gegen Joe Frazier im Madison Square Garden war der wahre Kampf des Jahrhunderts|url=https://www.nzz.ch/sport/muhammad-ali-gegen-joe-frazier-war-der-wahre-kampf-des-jahrhunderts-ld.1604784?reduced=true|work=[[Neue Zürcher Zeitung]]|access-date=October 30, 2022|language=German|archive-date=October 30, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221030145542/https://www.nzz.ch/sport/muhammad-ali-gegen-joe-frazier-war-der-wahre-kampf-des-jahrhunderts-ld.1604784?reduced=true|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| United Kingdom
| 27,500,000
| <ref>{{cite book|last=Green|first=Timothy|title=The Universal Eye: The World of Television|date=1972|publisher=[[Stein and Day]]|isbn=9780812814248|page=86|language=en|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dSUvAAAAMAAJ&q=ali+frazier|quote=The annual Miss World Contest, which is often the single most popular program of the year — attracting half the British population — is a natural for BBC 1; so was the Ali-Frazier fight, which was watched by 27.5 million people.|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002030/https://books.google.com/books?id=dSUvAAAAMAAJ&q=ali+frazier|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[South Korea]]
| 2,000,000
| <ref>{{cite news|title=Most Boxing Buffs Agree With Outcome|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/114440497/|work=[[Poughkeepsie Journal]]|date=March 9, 1971|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=June 30, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630190147/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/114440497/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| {{dts|1973|February|14|format=mdy}}
| [[Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Bugner]]
| United Kingdom
| 20,000,000
| <ref>{{cite book|title=Annual Report and Accounts|date=1972–1973|publisher=[[Independent Broadcasting Authority]]|page=13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cM1aAAAAYAAJ&q=ali+bugner|language=en|quote=And Muhammad Ali, still the greatest attraction in boxing, was seen in action against Jerry Quarry, Bob Foster and finally, in Las Vegas, against Joe Bugner — a fight which attracted an ITV audience of twenty million.|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002031/https://books.google.com/books?id=cM1aAAAAYAAJ&q=ali+bugner|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{dts|1974|October|30|format=mdy}}
| rowspan="2" | [[The Rumble in the Jungle|Muhammad Ali vs. George Foreman (''The Rumble in the Jungle'')]]
| Worldwide
| 1,000,000,000
| <ref name="usatoday">{{cite news|title=Revisiting 'The Rumble in the Jungle' 40 years later|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/boxing/2014/10/29/muhammad-ali-george-foreman-rumble-in-the-jungle-40th-anniversary/18097587/|work=[[USA Today]]|date=October 29, 2014|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 1, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211101103836/https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/boxing/2014/10/29/muhammad-ali-george-foreman-rumble-in-the-jungle-40th-anniversary/18097587/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Mike Tyson May Fight George Foreman In Biggest Money Match: $80 Million|journal=[[Jet (magazine)|Jet]]|date=September 18, 1995|volume=88|issue=19|page=46|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fTkDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA46|publisher=Johnson Publishing Company|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=October 31, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031224046/https://books.google.com/books?id=fTkDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="the guardian">{{cite news|title=How one riotous Rumble changed the world forever|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2004/oct/30/boxing|work=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=October 29, 2022|archive-date=April 15, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415024911/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2004/oct/30/boxing|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Oct 30, 1974 CE: Rumble in the Jungle |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.org/thisday/oct30/rumble-jungle/ |access-date=February 14, 2022 |agency=National Geographic |archive-date=February 14, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220214170110/https://www.nationalgeographic.org/thisday/oct30/rumble-jungle/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| United Kingdom
| 26,000,000
| <ref>{{cite news|title=Daily Mirror|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9tkZAQAAMAAJ&q=26+million|date=November 1, 1974|publisher=Longman Asia|isbn=9789623599856|quote='Ali is so tired he cannot raise his hands. ' The next moment Ali raised his fists and Foreman was knocked out. The 26 million who saw the same fight with the same commentary on BBC-1 ... did not hear that line. "Yes, we cut it out, ' said a BBC man last night, 'to spare Harry Carpenter's blushes.'|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002534/https://books.google.com/books?id=9tkZAQAAMAAJ&q=26+million|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| {{dts|1975|May|16|format=mdy}}
| [[Muhammad Ali vs. Ron Lyle]]
| United States
| 50,000,000
| <ref>{{cite news|last=Anderson|first=Dave|title=Ali, After a Slow Start, Stops Lyle In 11th Round of Championship Bout|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/05/17/archives/ali-after-a-slow-start-stops-lyle-in-11th-round-of-championship.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=May 17, 1975|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 1, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701002010/https://www.nytimes.com/1975/05/17/archives/ali-after-a-slow-start-stops-lyle-in-11th-round-of-championship.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| {{dts|1976|February|20|format=mdy}}
| [[Muhammad Ali vs. Jean-Pierre Coopman]]
| United States
| 40,000,000
| <ref>{{cite news|title=The RING Archive: Muhammad Ali and the pussy cat|url=https://www.ringtv.com/412109-the-ring-archive-muhammad-ali-and-the-pussy-cat/|work=[[The Ring (magazine)|The Ring]]|date=February 20, 2016|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 1, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701083328/https://www.ringtv.com/412109-the-ring-archive-muhammad-ali-and-the-pussy-cat/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| {{dts|1976|April|30|format=mdy}}
| [[Muhammad Ali vs. Jimmy Young]]
| United States
| 33,700,000
| <ref>{{cite news|title=Boxing Back On The Tube In A Big Way|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/northwest-arkansas-times-jan-26-1977-p-12/|work=[[Northwest Arkansas Times]]|date=January 26, 1977|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702175652/https://newspaperarchive.com/northwest-arkansas-times-jan-26-1977-p-12/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| {{dts|1976|May|24|format=mdy}}
| [[Muhammad Ali vs. Richard Dunn]]
| United States
| 65,000,000
| <ref name="jet-shavers"/>
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{dts|1976|June|26|format=mdy}}
| rowspan="2" | [[Muhammad Ali vs. Antonio Inoki]]
| Worldwide
| 1,400,000,000
| <ref>{{cite news|last=McKirdy|first=Andrew|title=How a bizarre 'bout of the century' between Muhammad Ali and Antonio Inoki led to a firm friendship|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/sports/2016/06/07/more-sports/boxing-2/how-a-bizarre-bout-of-the-century-between-muhammad-ali-and-antonio-inoki-led-to-a-firm-friendship/|work=[[The Japan Times]]|date=June 7, 2016|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=January 30, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200130212544/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/sports/2016/06/07/more-sports/boxing-2/how-a-bizarre-bout-of-the-century-between-muhammad-ali-and-antonio-inoki-led-to-a-firm-friendship/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Dwight Jaynes|title=McGregor-Mayweather reminds me of Ali-Inoki and could be the same sort of fiasco|url=https://www.nbcsports.com/northwest/more/mcgregor-mayweather-reminds-me-ali-inoki-and-could-be-same-sort-fiasco|work=[[NBC Sports]]|date=June 15, 2017|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=October 11, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221011144136/https://www.nbcsports.com/northwest/more/mcgregor-mayweather-reminds-me-ali-inoki-and-could-be-same-sort-fiasco|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| Japan
| 54,000,000
| <ref>{{cite news|title=Ten highest-rated Japanese MMA matches|url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/ten-highest-rated-japanese-mma-182200552--spt.html|work=[[Yahoo! Sports]]|date=December 21, 2007|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=October 11, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221011144126/https://www.yahoo.com/news/ten-highest-rated-japanese-mma-182200552--spt.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| {{dts|1977|May|16|format=mdy}}
| [[Muhammad Ali vs. Alfredo Evangelista]]
| United States
| 50,000,000
| <ref>{{cite book|last1=Holmes|first1=Larry|author-link1=Larry Holmes|last2=Berger|first2=Phil|title=Larry Holmes: Against the Odds|date=2007|publisher=[[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]]|isbn=9781429975544|page=124|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dVr5RepSf6AC&pg=PA124|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002535/https://books.google.com/books?id=dVr5RepSf6AC&pg=PA124#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| {{dts|1977|September|29|format=mdy}}
| [[Muhammad Ali vs. Earnie Shavers]]
| United States
| 70,000,000
| <ref name="jet-shavers">{{cite journal|title=Ali-Shavers Bout Most Watched In TV History|journal=[[Jet (magazine)|Jet]]|date=October 20, 1977|volume=53|issue=5|page=54|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nrsDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA54|publisher=[[Johnson Publishing Company]]|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002535/https://books.google.com/books?id=nrsDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA54#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| {{dts|1978|February|15|format=mdy}}
| [[Muhammad Ali vs. Leon Spinks]]
| United States
| 70,000,000
| <ref>{{cite news|title=CBS was big winner when Spinks beat Ali|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/211185428/|work=[[The Times (Shreveport)|The Times]]|date=February 24, 1978|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 3, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703133450/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/211185428/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{dts|1978|September|27|format=mdy}}
| rowspan="2" | [[Leon Spinks vs. Muhammad Ali II]]
| Worldwide
| 2,000,000,000
| <ref name="Detroit">{{cite news|title=Ali maps plans to retire with cameras running|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/98931508/|work=[[Detroit Free Press]]|date=February 1, 1979|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=March 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308105345/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/98931508/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="washington post">{{cite news|title=Leon Spinks, who beat Muhammad Ali in historic upset in 1978, dies at 67|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/leon-spinks-who-beat-muhammad-ali-in-historic-upset-in-1978-dies-at-67/2021/02/06/e66b394c-1c4d-11ea-8d58-5ac3600967a1_story.html|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=October 29, 2022|archive-date=May 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515184806/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/leon-spinks-who-beat-muhammad-ali-in-historic-upset-in-1978-dies-at-67/2021/02/06/e66b394c-1c4d-11ea-8d58-5ac3600967a1_story.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| United States
| 90,000,000
| <ref>{{cite news|title=ABC Captures Huge First Week Ratings|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/107182950/|work=[[The Indianapolis Star]]|date=September 20, 1978|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=March 20, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230320111231/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/107182950/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Fight Viewers Second Only To TV's 'Roots' Series|journal=[[Jet (magazine)|Jet]]|date=October 5, 1978|volume=55|issue=3|page=55|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Zb8DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA55|publisher=[[Johnson Publishing Company]]|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002536/https://books.google.com/books?id=Zb8DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA55#v=onepage&q&f=
|-
!
! Total viewership
! Worldwide
! {{formatnum:{{#expr:5500000000 round -6}}|}}
!
|}
===Pay-per-view bouts===
The earliest form of [[pay-per-view]] boxing telecasts was [[closed-circuit television]], also known as [[theatre television]], where fights were telecast live to a select number of venues, mostly theaters, where viewers paid for tickets to watch the fight live. The use of closed-circuit for boxing telecasts peaked in popularity with Ali in the 1960s and 1970s.<ref name="Ezra">{{cite book|last=Ezra|first=Michael|title=The Economic Civil Rights Movement: African Americans and the Struggle for Economic Power|date=2013|publisher=[[Routledge]]|isbn=9781136274756|page=105|chapter=Muhammad Ali's Main Bout: African American Economic Power and the World Heavyweight Title|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DL41bsCigZcC&pg=PA105|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=October 31, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031223028/https://books.google.com/books?id=DL41bsCigZcC&pg=PA105#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="bloodyelbow">{{cite news|title=History of Prizefighting's Biggest Money Fights|url=https://www.bloodyelbow.com/2017/8/24/16170894/history-of-prizefightings-biggest-money-fights-boxing-mma-ufc|work=[[Bloody Elbow]]|agency=[[SB Nation]]|date=August 24, 2017|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=October 23, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181023055845/https://www.bloodyelbow.com/2017/8/24/16170894/history-of-prizefightings-biggest-money-fights-boxing-mma-ufc|url-status=live}}</ref> Most of Ali's closed-circuit telecasts were handled by his promotion company Main Bout.<ref name="Ezra105"/> The following table lists known ticket sales/buys for Ali fights at closed-circuit venues/theaters:
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%"
|+ Closed-circuit theatre television
! Date !! Fight !! Billing<ref name="eyeonthering">{{cite web |title=Muhammad Ali Fights in the Vault |url=https://eyeonthering.com/fighters/muhammad-ali |website=Eye On The Ring |access-date=September 16, 2018 |archive-date=September 17, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917105250/https://eyeonthering.com/fighters/muhammad-ali |url-status=live }}</ref> !! Region(s) !! Buys !! Revenue !! Revenue {{small|(inflation)}}
|-
| {{dts|1963|March|13|format=mdy}}
| Cassius Clay vs. [[Doug Jones (boxer)|Doug Jones]]
| ''[[Cassius Clay vs. Doug Jones|Clay vs. Jones]]''
| United States
| {{nts|150,000}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Invitation To Murder: Cassius May Get A Crack At Liston This Summer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/107794061/|work=[[The Courier-Journal]]|date=March 14, 1963|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 16, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191116114456/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/107794061/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| $500,000<ref name="newspapers1963">{{cite news|title=Clay-Jones Fight First Garden Sellout in 13 Yrs|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/54847931/|work=[[Traverse City Record-Eagle]]|date=March 13, 1963|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=June 30, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630081133/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/54847931/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|500000|1963|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1964|February|25|format=mdy}}
| [[Sonny Liston]] vs. Cassius Clay
| ''[[Sonny Liston vs. Cassius Clay|Greatest Fight In History]]''
| United States
| {{nts|700,000}}<ref name="Ezra82">{{cite book|last=Ezra|first=Michael|title=Muhammad Ali: The Making of an Icon|date=2009|publisher=[[Temple University Press]]|isbn=9781592136612|page=82|chapter=Muhammad Ali's Main Bout: African American Economic Power and the World Heavyweight Title|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gh3rtDyeSAIC&pg=PA82|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=October 31, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031223533/https://books.google.com/books?id=Gh3rtDyeSAIC&pg=PA82#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
| $5,000,000<ref name="Ezra82"/>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|5000000|1964|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1965|May|25|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Sonny Liston]] II
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Sonny Liston|Champion vs. Ex-Champion]]''
| United States
| {{nts|630,000}}<ref name="mee"/>
| $4,300,000<ref name="Ezra"/>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|4300000|1965|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1965|November|22|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Floyd Patterson]]
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Floyd Patterson|Ali vs. Patterson]]''<ref>{{cite web |title=Muhammad Ali v. Floyd Patterson boxing ticket |url=https://nmaahc.si.edu/object/nmaahc_2014.194.2 |website=[[National Museum of African American History and Culture]] |publisher=[[Smithsonian Institution]] |access-date=September 16, 2018 |language=en |archive-date=September 17, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917105304/https://nmaahc.si.edu/object/nmaahc_2014.194.2 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| United States
| {{nts|500,000}}<ref>{{cite news |title=Clay Selects Terrell As Next Title Foe |url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/48685114/ |work=[[Independent Tribune|The Daily Independent]] |date=November 23, 1965 |access-date=April 15, 2019 |archive-date=November 16, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191116114457/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/48685114/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
| $4,000,000<ref name="Ezra"/>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|4000000|1965|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1966|March|29|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[George Chuvalo]]
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. George Chuvalo|The Second Reckoning]]''
| United States
| {{nts|46,000}}<ref name="Ezra16">{{cite book|last=Ezra|first=Michael|title=The Economic Civil Rights Movement: African Americans and the Struggle for Economic Power|date=2013|publisher=[[Routledge]]|isbn=9781136274749|chapter=Muhammad Ali's Main Bout: African American Economic Power and the World Heavyweight Title|page=16|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QfTOECi6wtYC&pg=RA3-PA16|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002536/https://books.google.com/books?id=QfTOECi6wtYC&pg=RA3-PA16#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
| $230,000<ref name="Ezra16"/>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|230000|1966|r=-4}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1966|May|21|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Henry Cooper]] II
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Henry Cooper II|Friday Night of the Century]]''
| England
| {{nts|40,000}}<ref name="Ezra114">{{cite book|last=Ezra|first=Michael|title=The Economic Civil Rights Movement: African Americans and the Struggle for Economic Power|date=2013|publisher=[[Routledge]]|isbn=9781136274756|page=114|chapter=Muhammad Ali's Main Bout: African American Economic Power and the World Heavyweight Title|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DL41bsCigZcC&pg=PA114|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002537/https://books.google.com/books?id=DL41bsCigZcC&pg=PA114#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
| $1,500,000<ref name="Ezra114"/>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|1500000|1966|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1966|August|6|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Brian London]]
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Brian London|Ali vs. British Bulldog]]''
| England
| {{nts|38,000}}<ref>{{cite news |title=The Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/52514887/ |date=August 9, 1966 |access-date=April 15, 2019 |archive-date=September 11, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911083406/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/52514887/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
| $300,000<ref name="Ezra114"/>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|300000|1966|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1966|November|14|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Cleveland Williams]]
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Cleveland Williams|Ali vs. Williams]]''
| United States
| {{nts|500,000}}<ref name="Ezra114"/>
| {{US$|{{#expr:500000*7.5}}|long=no}}<ref name="Ezra114"/>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|3750000|1965|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1967|February|6|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Ernie Terrell]]
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Ernie Terrell|The Battle of Champions]]''
| United States
| {{nts|800,000}}<ref name="Philadelphia">{{cite news|title=Terrell Gets Crack at Unbeaten Clay|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/179875868/|work=[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]]|date=February 5, 1967|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 16, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191116114500/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/179875868/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{#expr:800000*5}}|long=no}}<ref name="Philadelphia"/>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|4000000|1966|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{dts|1970|January|20|format=mdy}}
| rowspan="2" | Muhammad Ali vs. [[Rocky Marciano]]
| rowspan="2" | ''[[The Super Fight]]''
| Western world
|
| $5,000,000<ref name="Enterprise">{{cite news |title=Ali vs. Marciano: Who wins? |url=http://www.enterprisenews.com/article/20090901/News/309019646 |work=[[The Enterprise (Brockton)|The Enterprise]] |date=September 1, 2009 |access-date=July 19, 2016 |archive-date=September 14, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160914161353/http://www.enterprisenews.com/article/20090901/News/309019646 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|5000000|1970|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| United States
| {{nts|{{#expr:2500000/5}}}}<ref name="Sullivan"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Dayton Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/398063977/ |date=January 21, 1970 |access-date=April 15, 2019 |archive-date=September 11, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911081748/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/398063977/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
| $2,500,000<ref name="Sullivan">{{cite book |last=Sullivan |first=Russell |title=Rocky Marciano: The Rock of His Times |date=2002 |publisher=[[University of Illinois Press]] |isbn=9780252027635 |page=286 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BH4LHMbERT8C&pg=PA286 |access-date=April 15, 2019 |archive-date=November 6, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002537/https://books.google.com/books?id=BH4LHMbERT8C&pg=PA286#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|2500000|1970|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1970|October|26|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Jerry Quarry]]
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Jerry Quarry|Return of the Champion]]''
| United States
| {{nts|{{formatnum:{{#expr:900000*(70/100)}}|long=no}}}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Ali wants Frazier after TKO over Quarry|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/auburn-citizen-advertiser-oct-27-1970-p-17/|work=[[Auburn Citizen]]|date=October 27, 1970|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702011155/https://newspaperarchive.com/auburn-citizen-advertiser-oct-27-1970-p-17/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Ezra82"/>
| $3,500,000<ref>{{cite news|title=Clay-Quarry fight to gross $3.5 million|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/207159853/|work=[[Battle Creek Enquirer]]|date=November 10, 1970|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 16, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191116114458/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/207159853/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|3500000|1970|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| rowspan="3" | {{dts|1971|March|8|format=mdy}}
| rowspan="3" | Muhammad Ali vs. [[Joe Frazier]]
| rowspan="3" | ''[[Fight of the Century]]''
| [[Anglosphere]]
| {{nts|{{formatnum:{{#expr:2500000+90000}}|long=no}}}}
| {{US$|{{#expr:45000000+750000}}|long=no}}
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|45750000|1971|r=-8}}|long=no}}
|-
| United States
| {{nts|2,500,000}}<ref>{{cite book|last1=Frazier|first1=Joe|author-link1=Joe Frazier|last2=Berger|first2=Phil|title=Smokin' Joe: The Autobiography of a Heavyweight Champion of the World, Smokin' Joe Frazier|date=2013|publisher=[[AudioGO]]|isbn=9781620642160|page=104|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6_cuDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT104|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003054/https://books.google.com/books?id=6_cuDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT104|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{#expr:30000000+15000000}}|long=no}}<ref>{{cite book|last=Ryan|first=Joe|title=Heavyweight Boxing in the 1970s: The Great Fighters and Rivalries|date=2013|publisher=[[McFarland & Company|McFarland]]|isbn=9780786492497|page=65|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xY4I-7T4Q5gC&pg=PA65|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003100/https://books.google.com/books?id=xY4I-7T4Q5gC&pg=PA65#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|45000000|1971|r=-6}}|long=no}}
|-
| London
| {{nts|90,000}}<ref>{{cite news|title=The Promoters Loved the Fight But Some Fans Call It 'a Bore'|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/98957162/|work=[[Detroit Free Press]]|date=March 10, 1971|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=May 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511015929/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/98957162/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| $750,000<ref>{{cite news|title='Bugner's British Bunch' Travels To See Ali Bout|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/212171990/|work=[[The News-Press]]|date=February 2, 1973|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=May 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511162703/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/212171990/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|750000|1971|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1973|February|14|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Joe Bugner]]
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Bugner|Fight of a Lifetime]]''
| United Kingdom
| {{nts|30,000}}<ref name="Philadelphia73">{{cite news|title=Ali{{mdash}}Old Punch Gone{{mdash}}Still Gets Big Offers|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/180359569/|work=[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]]|date=February 16, 1973|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 3, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703133448/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/180359569/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{#expr:30000*10}}|long=no}}<ref name="Philadelphia73"/>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|300000|1973|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1974|January|28|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Joe Frazier]] II
| ''[[Super Fight II]]''
| United States
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:17000000/15 round -5}}|long=no}}<ref name="Lompoc"/>
| $17,000,000<ref name="Lompoc">{{cite news|title=Ali-Frazier show is a hit|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/lompoc-record-jan-29-1974-p-6/|work=[[Lompoc Record]]|date=January 29, 1974|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702012747/https://newspaperarchive.com/lompoc-record-jan-29-1974-p-6/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|17000000|1974|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{dts|1974|October|30|format=mdy}}
| rowspan="2" | Muhammad Ali vs. [[George Foreman]]
| rowspan="2" | ''[[The Rumble in the Jungle]]''
| Worldwide
| {{nts|50,000,000}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Zaire's fight promotion opens new gold mines|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/28336306/|work=[[The Morning Herald]]|date=November 18, 1974|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=August 5, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805080748/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/28336306/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| $100,000,000<ref>{{cite journal|title=New Times|journal=[[New Times (magazine)|New Times]]|date=1974|volume=3|page=116|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XltXAAAAYAAJ&q=ali+foreman+100+million|publisher=New Times Communications Corp.|quote=No, if the Ali-Foreman story is just going to be about Race and Religion, forget the millions of dollars this fight can make, forget the shot in the arm this championship bout will give to boxing, forget gigundo grosses from the documentary movies of the fight, the training camps and that three-day black music festival in Zaire, forget that possible total of $100 million in revenues|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003051/https://books.google.com/books?id=XltXAAAAYAAJ&q=ali+foreman+100+million|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Kabanda|first=Aloys|title=Ali/Foreman: le combat du siècle à Kinshasa, 29–30 octobre 1974 : introduit par une étude sur la République du Zaïre|date=1977|publisher=Naaman|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O74KAQAAIAAJ|language=fr|quote=Soit, pour Don King et ses amis, c'est la fin de leurs dépenses d'énergie pour trouver de l'argent nécessaire pour le coup le plus formidable jamais réalisé dans le show-boxing business et il prévoit une recette pouvant aller de 35 à 100 millions de dollars.|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003051/https://books.google.com/books?id=O74KAQAAIAAJ|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|100000000|1974|r=-7}}|long=no}}
|-
| United States
| {{nts|3,000,000}}<ref name="bloodyelbow"/>
| {{US$|{{#expr:3000000*20}}|long=no}}<ref name="bloodyelbow"/>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|60000000|1974|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1975|March|24|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Chuck Wepner]]
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Chuck Wepner|Chance of a Lifetime]]''
| United States
| {{nts|500,000}}<ref>{{cite news|title=All batters Wepner in 15-round win|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/43266833/|work=[[The Capital]]|date=March 25, 1975|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 5, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705175723/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/43266833/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| $5,000,000<ref>{{cite news|title=Promoter likes format used for Mon. fight|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/55716764/|work=[[Traverse City Record-Eagle]]|date=March 26, 1975|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 5, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180109/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/55716764/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|5000000|1975|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{dts|1975|October|1|format=mdy}}
| rowspan="2" | Muhammad Ali vs. [[Joe Frazier]] III
| rowspan="2" | ''[[Thrilla in Manila]]''
| Worldwide
| {{nts|100,000,000}}<ref>{{cite journal|title=Karriem Allah|journal=[[Black Belt (magazine)|Black Belt]]|date=1976|page=35|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XtUDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA35|publisher=Active Interest Media, Inc.|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003052/https://books.google.com/books?id=XtUDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA35#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
| $100,000,000
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|100000000|1975|r=-8}}|long=no}}
|-
| United States
| {{nts|3,000,000}}<ref name="bloodyelbow"/>
| {{US$|{{#expr:3000000*20}}|long=no}}<ref name="bloodyelbow"/>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|60000000|1975|r=-6}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1976|June|26|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Antonio Inoki]]
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Antonio Inoki|War of the Worlds]]''
| United States
| {{nts|{{formatnum:{{#expr:1000000*2}}|long=no}}}}<ref>{{cite book|last=Stravinsky|first=John|title=Muhammad Ali|date=1998|publisher=Literary Express|isbn=9781581650457|page=133|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9ZLFk0KqxUcC&q=millions|quote=Probably the dullest event in sports history, it was watched by millions over closed-circuit television as well as by suckers in Tokyo who forked over $1,000 per ringside seat.|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003057/https://books.google.com/books?id=9ZLFk0KqxUcC&q=millions|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{#expr:2000000*10}}|long=no}}<ref>{{cite news|last=Bull|first=Andy|title=The forgotten story of ... Muhammad Ali v Antonio Inoki|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2009/nov/11/the-forgotten-story-of-ali-inoki|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=November 11, 2009|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=December 26, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151226185741/http://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2009/nov/11/the-forgotten-story-of-ali-inoki|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|20000000|1976|r=-7}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1976|September|28|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Ken Norton]] III
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Ken Norton III|Ali's Revenge]]''
| United States
| {{nts|1,500,000}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Ali Wins On Decision|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/45803479/|work=[[Danville Register & Bee|The Bee]]|date=September 29, 1976|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 16, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191116114505/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/45803479/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{#expr:(1500000*20)+3500000}}|long=no}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Ali, Norton meet Tuesday in title fight|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/277453071/|work=[[Hattiesburg American]]|date=September 26, 1976|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702011454/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/277453071/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Muhammad Ali vs. Ken Norton (3rd meeting) |url=http://boxrec.com/media/index.php/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ken_Norton_(3rd_meeting) |website=[[BoxRec]] |access-date=September 17, 2018 |archive-date=September 19, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919061701/http://boxrec.com/media/index.php/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ken_Norton_(3rd_meeting) |url-status=live }}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|33500000|1976|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1985|March|31|format=mdy}}
| [[WrestleMania I]]
| ''[[WrestleMania I|WrestleMania]]''
| United States
| {{nts|1,000,000}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Wrestlemania In Photographs: 1–10|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/wwe/wrestlemania-in-photographs-1-10|work=Sportskeeda|date=April 1, 2017|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=October 31, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031001134/https://www.sportskeeda.com/wwe/wrestlemania-in-photographs-1-10|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{#expr:1000000*10}}|long=no}}<ref>{{cite news|title=St. Cloud Times|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/223114664/|date=April 1, 1985|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 6, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706190701/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/223114664/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|10000000|1985|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
!
! Total sales
!
! Worldwide
! {{formatnum:{{#expr:150000+700000+630000+500000+46000+40000+38000+800000+500000+500000+630000+2590000+30000+50000000+500000+100000000+2000000+1500000+1000000}}|long=no}}
! ${{formatnum:{{#expr:500000+5000000+4300000+4000000+230000+1500000+300000+4000000+3750000+5000000+3500000+45750000+750000+300000+17000000+100000000+5000000+100000000+20000000+33500000+10000000}}|long=no}}
! $2,016,420,000
|}
Professional boxing was introduced to [[pay-per-view]] home cable television with several Muhammad Ali fights, especially the ''[[Thrilla in Manila]]'' fight between Ali and [[Joe Frazier]] in 1975, which was transmitted through [[HBO]].<ref name="askmen">{{cite web|author=Steve Seepersaud |url=http://ca.askmen.com/sports/business_60/99_sports_business.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070310081737/http://ca.askmen.com/sports/business_60/99_sports_business.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 10, 2007 |title=Money in Boxing: The Pay-Per-View Craze |publisher=Ca.askmen.com |access-date=November 3, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Steve Seepersaud |url=https://www.youtube.com/user/93599Productions |title=Money in Boxing: The Pay-Per-View Craze |publisher=Ca.askmen.com |access-date=November 3, 2011 |archive-date=September 6, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130906164204/http://www.youtube.com/user/93599Productions |url-status=live }}</ref> Ali had several fights broadcast on early pay-per-view home television:
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%"
|+ Pay-per-view home television
! Date !! Fight !! Billing<ref name="eyeonthering"/> !! Network !! Region(s) !! Buys !! Revenue !! Revenue {{small|(inflation)}}
|-
| {{dts|1963|March|13|format=mdy}}
| Cassius Clay vs. [[Doug Jones (boxer)|Doug Jones]]
| ''[[Cassius Clay vs. Doug Jones|Clay vs. Jones]]''
|
| United States
| <ref name="newspapers1963"/>
|
|
|-
| {{dts|1964|February|25|format=mdy}}
| [[Sonny Liston]] vs. Cassius Clay
| ''[[Sonny Liston vs. Cassius Clay|Greatest Fight In History]]''
| [[WUVN|WHCT]]<ref>{{cite journal|title=Can the fine arts find a home on television?|journal=[[Broadcasting & Cable|Broadcasting]]|date=1972|volume=83|page=38|url=http://www.projectstraightink.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/1972-12-11-BC-watermark.pdf#page=38|publisher=Broadcasting Publications Incorporated|quote=Noting that many in the arts community have rested their hopes on pay cable, Mr. Jencks recalled that during a pay-TV experiment over WHCT(TV) Hartford, Conn., 96% of all viewing time was devoted to motion pictures and sports events. A single boxing match between Sonny Liston and Muhammad Ali, Mr. Jencks said, attracted nearly four times as many subscribers as the cumulative total of all 50 "educational features" offered by WHCT over a two-year period.|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180511191906/http://www.projectstraightink.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/1972-12-11-BC-watermark.pdf#page=38|archive-date=May 11, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| United States
| {{nts|250,000}}<ref name="Ezra83">{{cite book|last=Ezra|first=Michael|title=Muhammad Ali: The Making of an Icon|date=2009|publisher=[[Temple University Press]]|isbn=9781592136612|page=83|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gh3rtDyeSAIC&pg=PA83|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003053/https://books.google.com/books?id=Gh3rtDyeSAIC&pg=PA83#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{#expr:250000*3}}|long=no}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Pay Television on Trial|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/149113437/|work=[[The Pittsburgh Press]]|date=February 4, 1963|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 1, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701055156/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/149113437/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Subscription Television (STV – Pay TV)|date=December 1976|publisher=[[Federal Communications Commission]]|page=6|url=https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED136808.pdf#page=6|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=February 17, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170217205720/http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED136808.pdf#page=6|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|750000|1964|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1965|November|22|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Floyd Patterson]]
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Floyd Patterson|Ali vs. Patterson]]''
|
| United States
|
| $150,000<ref>{{cite news|title=Need Convincing Fight to Restore Confidence|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/30704373/|work=[[Independent Press-Telegram]]|date=November 21, 1965|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=June 30, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630214109/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/30704373/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|150000|1965|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1966|May|21|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Henry Cooper]] II
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Henry Cooper II|Friday Night of the Century]]''
| Pay TV
| United Kingdom
| {{nts|40,000}}<ref name="haynes"/>
| {{US$|{{#expr:(40000*4)/0.35714 round 0}}|long=no}}<ref>{{cite journal|title=BKSTS Journal|journal=BKSTS Journal|date=1973|volume=55|page=46|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sIspAQAAIAAJ&q=Clay+Cooper|publisher=[[British Kinematograph, Sound and Television Society]]|quote=In 1966 Pay TV started a 3-year experiment in transmitting films, minority appeal programmes, sporting events and local programmes for which the viewer paid for the period of time during which he was actually viewing. This varied from six shillings for a film to £4 for the entire boxing show which included Cassius Clay v. Henry Cooper.|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003053/https://books.google.com/books?id=sIspAQAAIAAJ&q=Clay+Cooper|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="sauder">{{cite web|title=Pacific Exchange Rate Service (0.35714 GBP per USD)|url=http://fx.sauder.ubc.ca/etc/USDpages.pdf|website=[[UBC Sauder School of Business]]|publisher=[[University of British Columbia]]|year=1966|access-date=November 21, 2017|archive-date=May 12, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150512095429/http://fx.sauder.ubc.ca/etc/USDpages.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{#expr:{{To USD|{{Inflation|UK|160000|1966}}|GBR|round=yes}} round -4}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1966|November|14|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Ernie Terrell]]
| ''[[Muhammad Ali vs. Ernie Terrell|The Battle of Champions]]''
| [[Hartford]]
| United States
| <ref>{{cite book|last=Ezra|first=Michael|title=The Economic Civil Rights Movement: African Americans and the Struggle for Economic Power|date=2013|publisher=[[Routledge]]|isbn=9781136274756|page=115|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DL41bsCigZcC&pg=PA115}}</ref>
|
|
|-
| {{dts|1975|October|1|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Joe Frazier]] III
| ''[[Thrilla in Manila]]''
| [[HBO]]
| United States
| {{nts|500,000}}<ref>{{cite book|last=Smith|first=Ronald A.|title=Play-by-Play: Radio, Television, and Big-Time College Sport|date=2003|publisher=[[Johns Hopkins University Press]]|isbn=9780801876929|page=101|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CMKqn6LzsBIC&pg=PP101|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=November 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003634/https://books.google.com/books?id=CMKqn6LzsBIC&pg=PP101#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{#expr:500000*20}}|long=no}}<ref>{{cite news|title=The Morning News|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/157225369/|date=November 30, 1975|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=June 30, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630185942/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/157225369/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{US$|{{Inflation|US|10000000|1975|r=-5}}|long=no}}
|-
| {{dts|1981|December|11|format=mdy}}
| Muhammad Ali vs. [[Trevor Berbick]]
| ''[[Drama in Bahama]]''
| SelectTV
| United States
| <ref>{{cite news|title=Cable packaging next Ali fight|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/lowell-sun-nov-28-1981-p-16/|work=[[Lowell Sun]]|date=November 28, 1981|access-date=April 15, 2019|archive-date=July 1, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701194206/https://newspaperarchive.com/lowell-sun-nov-28-1981-p-16/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|
|
|-
!
! Total sales
!
!
!
! {{formatnum:{{#expr:250000+40000+500000}}|long=no}}
! $11,348,004
! $62,640,000
|}
==See also==
{{Portal|Sports}}
* [[List of heavyweight boxing champions]]
* [[List of WBA world champions]]
* [[List of WBC world champions]]
* [[List of The Ring world champions|List of ''The Ring'' world champions]]
* [[List of undisputed boxing champions]]
* [[Notable boxing families]]
==Notes==
{{Notelist}}
{{reflist|group=note}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
{{Wikiquote|Muhammad Ali}}
{{Commons category|Muhammad Ali}}
* {{Official website|https://web.archive.org/web/20181112191859/http://muhammadali.com:80/}} (November 2018 archive)
* {{Boxrec|id=000180}}
* [https://boxrec.com/media/index.php/NYSAC_World_Heavyweight_Champion NYSAC World Heavyweight Champion – BoxRec]
{{s-start-collapsible|header={{s-sports}}}}
{{s-text|style=background:#C1D8FF; font-weight: bold;|text=Amateur boxing titles}}
{{s-before|before=Kent Green}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of US national Golden Gloves light heavyweight champions|U.S. Golden Gloves<br>light heavyweight champion]]
|years=1959}}
{{s-after|after=Jefferson Davis}}
{{s-before|before=Sylvester Banks}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of United States national amateur boxing light heavyweight champions|U.S. light heavyweight champion]]
|years=1959, 1960}}
{{s-after|after=Bob Christopherson}}
{{s-before|before=Jimmy Jones}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of US national Golden Gloves heavyweight champions|U.S. Golden Gloves<br>heavyweight champion]]
|years=1960}}
{{s-after|after=Al Jenkins}}
{{s-text|style=background:#C1D8FF; font-weight: bold;|text=Regional boxing titles}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-vac|last=[[Leotis Martin]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of NABF champions#Heavyweight|NABF heavyweight champion]]
|years=December 17, 1970 – [[Fight of the Century|March 8, 1971]]<br>Failed to win world title}}
{{s-vac|next=[[George Foreman]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-vac|last=George Foreman}}
{{s-ttl|title=NABF heavyweight champion
|years=July 26, 1971 – March 31, 1973}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Ken Norton]]}}
{{s-bef|before=Ken Norton}}
{{s-ttl|title=NABF heavyweight champion
|years=September 10, 1973 – [[The Rumble in the Jungle|October 30, 1974]]<br>Won world title}}
{{s-vac|next=Ken Norton}}
{{s-text|style=background:#C1D8FF; font-weight: bold;|text=World boxing titles}}
{{s-bef|rows=4|before=[[Sonny Liston]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of WBA world champions#Heavyweight|WBA heavyweight champion]]
|years=[[Muhammad Ali vs. Sonny Liston#Liston vs. Clay I|February 25, 1964]] – September 14, 1964<br>Stripped}}
{{s-vac|next=[[Ernie Terrell]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of WBC world champions#Heavyweight|WBC heavyweight champion]]
|years=February 25, 1964 – March 11, 1969<br>Stripped}}
{{s-vac|rows=2|next=[[Joe Frazier]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of The Ring world champions#Heavyweight|''The Ring'' heavyweight champion]]
|years=February 25, 1964 – March 13, 1970<br>Stripped}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of undisputed boxing champions#Heavyweight|Undisputed heavyweight champion]]
|years=February 25, 1964 – September 14, 1964<br>Titles fragmented}}
{{s-vac|next=Himself}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-bef|before=Ernie Terrell}}
{{s-ttl|title=WBA heavyweight champion
|years=[[Muhammad Ali vs. Ernie Terrell|February 6, 1967]] – April 28, 1967<br>Stripped}}
{{s-vac|next=[[Jimmy Ellis (boxer)|Jimmy Ellis]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-vac|last=Himself}}
{{s-ttl|title=Undisputed heavyweight champion
|years=February 6, 1967 – April 28, 1967<br>Titles fragmented}}
{{s-vac|next=[[Joe Frazier]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-bef|rows=4|before=George Foreman}}
{{s-ttl|title=WBA heavyweight champion
|years=October 30, 1974 – February 15, 1978}}
{{s-aft|rows=4|after=[[Leon Spinks]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=WBC heavyweight champion
|years=October 30, 1974 – February 15, 1978}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-ttl|title=''The Ring'' heavyweight champion
|years=October 30, 1974 – February 15, 1978}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-ttl|title=Undisputed heavyweight champion
|years=October 30, 1974 – February 15, 1978}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-bef|rows=2|before=Leon Spinks}}
{{s-ttl|title=WBA heavyweight champion
|years=September 15, 1978 – October 18, 1979<br>Vacated}}
{{s-vac|next=[[John Tate (boxer)|John Tate]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-ttl|title=''The Ring'' heavyweight champion
|years=September 15, 1978 – July 4, 1979<br>Retired}}
{{s-vac|next=[[Larry Holmes]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-ach|aw}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-non|reason=Inaugural award}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[United Press International Athlete of the Year Award#Male winners|United Press International<br>Athlete of the Year]]
|years=1974}}
{{s-after|after=[[João Carlos de Oliveira]]}}
{{s-before|before=[[Olga Korbut]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[BBC Overseas Sports Personality of the Year|BBC Overseas<br>Sports Personality of the Year]]
|years=1973, 1974}}
{{s-after|after=[[Arthur Ashe]]}}
{{s-before|before=[[Niki Lauda]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=BBC Overseas<br>Sports Personality of the Year
|years=1978}}
{{s-after|after=[[Björn Borg]]}}
{{s-ach|rec}}
{{s-before|before=Ernie Terrell}}
{{s-ttl|title=Oldest living<br>world heavyweight champion
|years=December 16, 2014 – June 3, 2016}}
{{s-after|after=George Foreman}}
{{s-sports|oly}}
{{s-before|before=[[Haakon, Crown Prince of Norway]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of people who have lit the Olympic Cauldron|Final Olympic torchbearer]]
|years=[[Atlanta 1996]]}}
{{s-after|after=[[Midori Ito]]}}
{{s-before|before=[[Antonio Rebollo]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of people who have lit the Olympic Cauldron|Final Summer Olympic torchbearer]]
|years=[[Atlanta 1996]]}}
{{s-after|after=[[Cathy Freeman]]}}
{{s-end}}
{{Muhammad Ali|state=expanded}}
{{Navboxes|title=Articles related to Muhammad Ali|list1=
{{SI Sportsman of the Year}}
{{Associated Press Male Athlete of the Year navbox}}
{{Footer Olympic Champions Boxing Light Heavyweight}}
{{Footer USA Boxing 1960 Summer Olympics}}
{{Ring magazine Fighter of the Year}}
{{Sugar Ray Robinson Award}}
{{Hickok Belt}}
}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ali, Muhammad}}
[[Category:Muhammad Ali| ]]
[[Category:African-American boxers]]
[[Category:Boxers from Kentucky]]
[[Category:International Boxing Hall of Fame inductees]]
[[Category:Medalists at the 1960 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:The Ring (magazine) champions]]
[[Category:Winners of the United States Championship for amateur boxers]]
[[Category:World Boxing Association champions]]
[[Category:World Boxing Council champions]]
[[Category:World heavyweight boxing champions]]' |
Parsed HTML source of the new revision ($1) (new_html) | '<div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Overview of Muhammad Ali's boxing career</div>
<p class="mw-empty-elt">
</p>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1218072481">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn">Muhammad Ali</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:Error mw:File/Frameless"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Upload?wpDestFile=Ali_the_greatest_1976.jpg_%F0%9F%92%AA%F0%9F%8F%BF%F0%9F%98%80%F0%9F%98%8A%F0%9F%98%8A%F0%9F%98%87%F0%9F%A4%A3%F0%9F%98%82%F0%9F%98%8D%F0%9F%98%8D%F0%9F%98%99%F0%9F%98%89%E2%98%BA%EF%B8%8F%F0%9F%98%82%F0%9F%99%82%F0%9F%A5%B0%F0%9F%98%9A%F0%9F%98%9A%F0%9F%98%9A%F0%9F%98%8D%F0%9F%98%8A%E2%98%BA%EF%B8%8F" class="new" title="File:Ali the greatest 1976.jpg 💪🏿😀😊😊😇🤣😂😍😍😙😉☺️😂🙂🥰😚😚😚😍😊☺️"><span class="mw-file-element mw-broken-media">File:Ali the greatest 1976.jpg 💪🏿😀😊😊😇🤣😂😍😍😙😉☺️😂🙂🥰😚😚😚😍😊☺️</span></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Ali in 1976</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1942-01-17</span>)</span>January 17, 1942<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville, Kentucky</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">June 3, 2016<span style="display:none">(2016-06-03)</span> (aged 74)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Scottsdale,_Arizona" title="Scottsdale, Arizona">Scottsdale, Arizona</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">American</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist">
<ul><li><i>The Greatest</i></li>
<li><i>The Louisville Lip</i></li>
<li><i>The People's Champion</i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1218072481"><b>Statistics</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Weight(s)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Heavyweight" title="Heavyweight">Heavyweight</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Height</th><td class="infobox-data">6 ft 3 in (191 cm)<sup id="cite_ref-BoxRec_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BoxRec-1">[1]</a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reach</th><td class="infobox-data">78 in (198 cm)<sup id="cite_ref-BoxRec_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BoxRec-1">[1]</a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Stance</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_stance" title="Orthodox stance">Orthodox</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2">
</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1218072481"><b>Boxing record</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Total fights</th><td class="infobox-data">61</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Wins</th><td class="infobox-data">56</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Wins by KO</th><td class="infobox-data">37</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Losses</th><td class="infobox-data">5</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2">
</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="mw-collapsible" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%">
<div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="line-height:1.6em; background-color:#ccf; font-size:105%; background-color:transparent; font-weight: bold;"><div style="margin:0 4em;">Medal record</div></div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="font-size:105%"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151960987">body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox table{display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox caption{display:table-caption}</style>
<table class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; background-color:#f9f9f9; color:#000000; font-weight:normal">
<tbody><tr>
<td colspan="2" style="padding:0">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#eeeeee;">Men's amateur boxing
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games">Olympic Games</a>
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#eeeeee;" class="adr">Representing <span class="country-name">the <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 2x" data-file-width="69" data-file-height="39" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></span>
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Gold medal – first place"><img alt="Gold medal – first place" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/16px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/24px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/32px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></td>
<td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/1960_Rome" class="mw-redirect" title="1960 Rome">1960 Rome</a> </span></td>
<td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">Light-heavyweight</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Intercity_Golden_Gloves" title="Intercity Golden Gloves">Intercity Golden Gloves</a>
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Gold medal – first place"><img alt="Gold medal – first place" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/16px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/24px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/32px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></td>
<td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span class="nowrap"> 1959 Chicago </span></td>
<td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_US_national_Golden_Gloves_light_heavyweight_champions" title="List of US national Golden Gloves light heavyweight champions">Light-heavyweight</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Gold medal – first place"><img alt="Gold medal – first place" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/16px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/24px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/32px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></td>
<td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span class="nowrap"> 1960 New York </span></td>
<td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_US_national_Golden_Gloves_heavyweight_champions" title="List of US national Golden Gloves heavyweight champions">Heavyweight</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Golden_Gloves" title="Chicago Golden Gloves">Chicago Golden Gloves</a>
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Gold medal – first place"><img alt="Gold medal – first place" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/16px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/24px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/32px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></td>
<td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span class="nowrap"> 1959 Chicago </span></td>
<td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Light-heavyweight
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Gold medal – first place"><img alt="Gold medal – first place" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/16px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/24px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/32px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></td>
<td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span class="nowrap"> 1960 Chicago </span></td>
<td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Light-heavyweight
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_national_amateur_boxing_championships" title="United States national amateur boxing championships">US National Championships</a>
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Gold medal – first place"><img alt="Gold medal – first place" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/16px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/24px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/32px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></td>
<td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span class="nowrap"> 1959 Toledo </span></td>
<td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_national_amateur_boxing_light_heavyweight_champions" title="List of United States national amateur boxing light heavyweight champions">Light-heavyweight</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Gold medal – first place"><img alt="Gold medal – first place" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/16px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/24px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/32px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></td>
<td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span class="nowrap"> 1960 Toledo </span></td>
<td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Light-heavyweight
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181112191859/http://muhammadali.com:80/">muhammadali.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Muhammad Ali</a> was a boxer who mastered the <a href="/wiki/Rope-a-dope" title="Rope-a-dope">rope-a-dope</a> fighting technique. He is widely regarded by many boxing commentators and historians as the greatest <a href="/wiki/Heavyweight" title="Heavyweight">heavyweight</a> <a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">boxer</a> of all time. Boxing magazine <i><a href="/wiki/The_Ring_(magazine)" title="The Ring (magazine)">The Ring</a></i> named him number one in a 1998 ranking of greatest heavyweights from all eras.<sup id="cite_ref-ring_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ring-3">[3]</a></sup> In 1999, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Associated_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="The Associated Press">The Associated Press</a></i> voted Ali the number one heavyweight of the 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-ap_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ap-4">[4]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 1999, Ali was named the second greatest boxer in the history of combat sports, <a href="/wiki/Pound_for_pound" title="Pound for pound">pound for pound</a> by <a href="/wiki/ESPN" title="ESPN">ESPN</a>. He was only behind the <a href="/wiki/Welterweight" title="Welterweight">welterweight</a> and <a href="/wiki/Middleweight" title="Middleweight">middleweight</a> legend <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Ray_Robinson" title="Sugar Ray Robinson">Sugar Ray Robinson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-espn_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espn-5">[5]</a></sup> In December 2007, ESPN placed Ali second in its choice of the greatest heavyweights of all time, behind <a href="/wiki/Joe_Louis" title="Joe Louis">Joe Louis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup> He was inducted in the <a href="/wiki/International_Boxing_Hall_of_Fame" title="International Boxing Hall of Fame">International Boxing Hall of Fame</a> in the inaugural class of 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup>
</p>
<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Early_career"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Early career</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#World_heavyweight_champion"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">World heavyweight champion</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Fights_against_Liston"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Fights against Liston</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Fight_against_Patterson"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Fight against Patterson</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Main_Bout"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Main Bout</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Exile_and_comeback"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Exile and comeback</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#The_Super_Fight"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext"><i>The Super Fight</i></span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Return_to_prizefighting"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Return to prizefighting</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#First_fight_against_Joe_Frazier"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">First fight against Joe Frazier</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Chamberlain_challenge_and_Ellis_fight"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Chamberlain challenge and Ellis fight</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Fights_against_Quarry,_Patterson,_Foster_and_Norton"><span class="tocnumber">4.3</span> <span class="toctext">Fights against Quarry, Patterson, Foster and Norton</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#Second_fight_against_Joe_Frazier"><span class="tocnumber">4.4</span> <span class="toctext">Second fight against Joe Frazier</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#World_heavyweight_champion_(second_reign)"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">World heavyweight champion (second reign)</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="#The_Rumble_in_the_Jungle"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext"><i>The Rumble in the Jungle</i></span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="#Fights_against_Wepner,_Lyle_and_Bugner"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Fights against Wepner, Lyle and Bugner</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="#Third_fight_against_Joe_Frazier"><span class="tocnumber">5.3</span> <span class="toctext">Third fight against Joe Frazier</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="#Later_career"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Later career</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="#Boxing_style"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Boxing style</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-19"><a href="#Footwork"><span class="tocnumber">7.1</span> <span class="toctext">Footwork</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-20"><a href="#Trash-talk"><span class="tocnumber">7.2</span> <span class="toctext">Trash-talk</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-21"><a href="#Rope-a-dope"><span class="tocnumber">7.3</span> <span class="toctext">Rope-a-dope</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-22"><a href="#Later_years"><span class="tocnumber">7.4</span> <span class="toctext">Later years</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23"><a href="#Ali_and_his_contemporaries"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Ali and his contemporaries</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-24"><a href="#Ali_and_Frazier"><span class="tocnumber">8.1</span> <span class="toctext">Ali and Frazier</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-25"><a href="#Friendship"><span class="tocnumber">8.1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Friendship</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-26"><a href="#Opponents"><span class="tocnumber">8.1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Opponents</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-27"><a href="#Trash-talk_and_altercations"><span class="tocnumber">8.1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Trash-talk and altercations</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-28"><a href="#Finale"><span class="tocnumber">8.1.4</span> <span class="toctext">Finale</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-29"><a href="#Titles_in_boxing"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Titles in boxing</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-30"><a href="#Major_world_titles"><span class="tocnumber">9.1</span> <span class="toctext">Major world titles</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-31"><a href="#Other_world_titles"><span class="tocnumber">9.2</span> <span class="toctext">Other world titles</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-32"><a href="#The_Ring_magazine_titles"><span class="tocnumber">9.2.1</span> <span class="toctext"><i>The Ring</i> magazine titles</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-33"><a href="#Lineal_titles"><span class="tocnumber">9.2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Lineal titles</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-34"><a href="#Regional_titles"><span class="tocnumber">9.3</span> <span class="toctext">Regional titles</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-35"><a href="#Amateur_titles"><span class="tocnumber">9.4</span> <span class="toctext">Amateur titles</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-36"><a href="#Accolades"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Accolades</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-37"><a href="#Professional_boxing_record"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">Professional boxing record</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-38"><a href="#Exhibition_boxing_record"><span class="tocnumber">12</span> <span class="toctext">Exhibition boxing record</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-39"><a href="#Television_viewership"><span class="tocnumber">13</span> <span class="toctext">Television viewership</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-40"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">14</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-41"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">15</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-42"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">16</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-43"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">17</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Early_career">Early career</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1961_Cassius_Clay_vs._Donnie_Fleeman_On-Site_Poster.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/1961_Cassius_Clay_vs._Donnie_Fleeman_On-Site_Poster.jpg/170px-1961_Cassius_Clay_vs._Donnie_Fleeman_On-Site_Poster.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/1961_Cassius_Clay_vs._Donnie_Fleeman_On-Site_Poster.jpg/255px-1961_Cassius_Clay_vs._Donnie_Fleeman_On-Site_Poster.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/1961_Cassius_Clay_vs._Donnie_Fleeman_On-Site_Poster.jpg/340px-1961_Cassius_Clay_vs._Donnie_Fleeman_On-Site_Poster.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1910" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>On-site poster for Cassius Clay's fifth professional bout</figcaption></figure>
<p>Clay made his professional debut on October 29, 1960, winning a six-round decision over <a href="/wiki/Tunney_Hunsaker" title="Tunney Hunsaker">Tunney Hunsaker</a>. From then until the end of 1963, Clay amassed a record of 19–0 with 15 wins by knockout. He defeated boxers including Tony Esperti, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Robinson_(boxer)" title="Jim Robinson (boxer)">Jim Robinson</a>, Donnie Fleeman, Alonzo Johnson, George Logan, Willi Besmanoff, <a href="/wiki/LaMar_Clark" title="LaMar Clark">LaMar Clark</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doug_Jones_(boxer)" title="Doug Jones (boxer)">Doug Jones</a> and <a href="/wiki/Henry_Cooper" title="Henry Cooper">Henry Cooper</a>. Clay also beat his former trainer and veteran boxer <a href="/wiki/Archie_Moore" title="Archie Moore">Archie Moore</a> in a 1962 match.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup>
</p><p>These early fights were not without trials. Clay was knocked down by both <a href="/wiki/Sonny_Banks" title="Sonny Banks">Sonny Banks</a> and Cooper. In the Cooper fight, Clay was floored by a left <a href="/wiki/Hook_(boxing)" title="Hook (boxing)">hook</a> at the end of round four, and was groggy when he got up at the count of three. However, the round had ended by the time he rose, and he recovered between rounds, going on to win in the predicted 5th round due to Cooper's severely cut eye. The fight with Doug Jones on March 13, 1963, was Clay's toughest fight during this stretch. The number two and three heavyweight contenders respectively, Clay and Jones fought on Jones' home turf at New York's <a href="/wiki/Madison_Square_Garden_(1925)" title="Madison Square Garden (1925)">Madison Square Garden</a>. Jones staggered Clay in the first round, and the unanimous decision for Clay was greeted by boos and a rain of debris thrown into the ring. Watching on closed-circuit TV, heavyweight champ Sonny Liston quipped that if he fought Clay he might get locked up for murder. The fight was later named "Fight of the Year" by <i>The Ring</i> magazine.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup>
</p><p>In each of these fights, Clay vocally belittled his opponents and vaunted his abilities. He called Jones "an ugly little man" and Cooper a "bum." He said he was embarrassed to get in the ring with Alex Miteff and claimed that Madison Square Garden was "too small for me."<sup id="cite_ref-Mee_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mee-11">[11]</a></sup> His provocative and outlandish behavior in the ring was inspired by <a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestler" class="mw-redirect" title="Professional wrestler">professional wrestler</a> <a href="/wiki/Gorgeous_George" title="Gorgeous George">"Gorgeous George" Wagner</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SI_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI-12">[12]</a></sup> Ali stated in a 1969 interview with the Associated Press' Hubert Mizel that he met with Gorgeous George in Las Vegas in 1961 and that the wrestler inspired him to use wrestling jargon when he did interviews.<sup id="cite_ref-georgali_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-georgali-13">[13]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 1960, Clay left Moore's camp, partially due to his refusal to do chores such as washing dishes and sweeping. To replace Moore, Clay hired <a href="/wiki/Angelo_Dundee" title="Angelo Dundee">Angelo Dundee</a> to be his trainer. Clay had met Dundee in February 1957 during Clay's amateur career.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a></sup> Around this time, Clay sought longtime idol <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Ray_Robinson" title="Sugar Ray Robinson">Sugar Ray Robinson</a> to be his manager, but was rebuffed.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a></sup>
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="World_heavyweight_champion">World heavyweight champion</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: World heavyweight champion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Fights_against_Liston">Fights against Liston</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Fights against Liston"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1033289096">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Sonny_Liston" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Sonny Liston">Muhammad Ali vs. Sonny Liston</a></div>
<p>By late 1963, Clay had become the top contender for Sonny Liston's title. The fight was set for February 25, 1964, in <a href="/wiki/Miami_Beach" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami Beach">Miami Beach</a>. Liston was an intimidating personality, a dominating fighter with a criminal past and ties to the mob. Based on Clay's uninspired performance against Jones and Cooper in his previous two fights, and Liston's destruction of former heavyweight champion <a href="/wiki/Floyd_Patterson" title="Floyd Patterson">Floyd Patterson</a> in two first-round knock outs, Clay was an 8:1 underdog.<sup id="cite_ref-Liston_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Liston-16">[16]</a></sup> Despite this, Clay taunted Liston during the pre-fight buildup, dubbing him "the big ugly bear", stating "Liston even smells like a bear" and claiming "After I beat him I'm going to donate him to the zoo."<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a></sup> Clay turned the pre-fight weigh-in into a circus, shouting at Liston that "someone is going to die at ringside tonight." Clay's pulse rate was measured at 120, more than double his normal 54.<sup id="cite_ref-Liston_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Liston-16">[16]</a></sup> Many of those in attendance thought Clay's behavior stemmed from fear, and some commentators wondered if he would show up for the bout.
</p><p>The outcome of the fight was a major upset. At the opening bell, Liston rushed at Clay, seemingly angry and looking for a quick knockout. However, Clay's superior speed and mobility enabled him to elude Liston, making the champion miss and look awkward. At the end of the first round, Clay opened up his attack and hit Liston repeatedly with jabs. Liston fought better in round two, but at the beginning of the third round Clay hit Liston with a combination that buckled his knees and opened a cut under his left eye. This was the first time Liston had ever been cut. At the end of round four, Clay was returning to his corner when he began experiencing blinding pain in his eyes and asked his trainer, <a href="/wiki/Angelo_Dundee" title="Angelo Dundee">Angelo Dundee</a>, to cut off his gloves. Dundee refused. It has been speculated that the problem was due to ointment used to seal Liston's cuts, perhaps deliberately applied by his corner to his gloves.<sup id="cite_ref-Liston_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Liston-16">[16]</a></sup> Though unconfirmed, boxing historian <a href="/wiki/Bert_Sugar" title="Bert Sugar">Bert Sugar</a> claimed that two of Liston's opponents also complained about their eyes "burning."<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a></sup>
</p><p>Despite Liston's attempts to knock out a blinded Clay, Clay was able to survive the fifth round until sweat and tears rinsed the irritation from his eyes. In the sixth, Clay dominated, hitting Liston repeatedly. Liston did not answer the bell for the seventh round, and Clay was declared the winner by <a href="/wiki/TKO" class="mw-redirect" title="TKO">TKO</a>. Liston stated that the reason he quit was an injured shoulder. Following the win, a triumphant Clay rushed to the edge of the ring and, pointing to the ringside press, shouted: "Eat your words!" He added, "I am the greatest! I shook up the world. I'm the prettiest thing that ever lived."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a></sup>
</p><p>At ringside post fight, Clay appeared unconvinced that the fight was stopped due to a Liston shoulder injury, saying that the only injury Liston had was "an open eye, a big cut eye!" When told by Joe Louis that the injury was a "left arm thrown out of its socket," Clay quipped, "Yeah, swinging at nothing, who wouldn't!"<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a></sup>
</p><p>In winning this fight at the age of 22, Clay became the youngest boxer to take the title from a reigning heavyweight champion. However, <a href="/wiki/Floyd_Patterson" title="Floyd Patterson">Floyd Patterson</a> remained the youngest to win the heavyweight championship, doing so at the age 21 during an elimination bout following <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Marciano" title="Rocky Marciano">Rocky Marciano</a>'s retirement. <a href="/wiki/Mike_Tyson" title="Mike Tyson">Mike Tyson</a> broke both records in 1986 when he defeated <a href="/wiki/Trevor_Berbick" title="Trevor Berbick">Trevor Berbick</a> to win the heavyweight title at age 20.
</p><p>Soon after the Liston fight, Clay changed his name to Cassius X, and then later to Muhammad Ali upon converting to Islam and affiliating with the <a href="/wiki/Nation_of_Islam" title="Nation of Islam">Nation of Islam</a>. Ali then faced a rematch with Liston scheduled for May 1965 in <a href="/wiki/Lewiston,_Maine" title="Lewiston, Maine">Lewiston, Maine</a>. It had been scheduled for Boston the previous November, but was postponed for six months due to Ali's emergency surgery for a hernia three days before.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a></sup> The fight was controversial. Midway through the first round, Liston was knocked down by a difficult-to-see blow the press dubbed a "phantom punch." Referee <a href="/wiki/Jersey_Joe_Walcott" title="Jersey Joe Walcott">Jersey Joe Walcott</a> did not begin the count immediately after the knockdown, as Ali refused to retreat to a neutral corner. Liston rose after he had been down for about 20 seconds, and the fight momentarily continued. However a few seconds later Walcott, having been informed by the timekeepers that Liston had been down for a count of 10, stopped the match and declared Ali the winner by knockout.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a></sup> The entire fight lasted less than two minutes.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a></sup>
</p><p>It has since been speculated that Liston purposely dropped to the ground. Proposed motivations include threats on his life from the Nation of Islam, that he had bet against himself and that he "took a dive" to pay off debts. Slow-motion replays show that Liston was jarred by a chopping right from Ali, although it is unclear whether the blow was a genuine knockout punch.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a></sup>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Fight_against_Patterson">Fight against Patterson</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Fight against Patterson"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Floyd_Patterson" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Floyd Patterson">Muhammad Ali vs. Floyd Patterson</a></div>
<p>Ali defended his title against former heavyweight champion <a href="/wiki/Floyd_Patterson" title="Floyd Patterson">Floyd Patterson</a> on November 22, 1965. Before the match, Ali mocked Patterson, who was widely known to call him by his former name Cassius Clay, as an "<a href="/wiki/Uncle_Tom_syndrome" title="Uncle Tom syndrome">Uncle Tom</a>", calling him "The Rabbit". Although Ali clearly had the better of Patterson, who appeared injured during the fight, the match lasted 12 rounds before being called on a technical knockout. Patterson later said he had strained his <a href="/wiki/Sacroiliac" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacroiliac">sacroiliac</a>. Ali was criticized in the sports media for appearing to have toyed with Patterson during the fight.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a></sup> Patterson biographer W.K. Stratton claims that the conflict between Ali and Patterson was not genuine but was staged to increase ticket sales and the closed-circuit viewing audience, with both men complicit in the theatrics. Stratton also cites an interview by Howard Cosell in which Ali explained that rather than toying with Patterson, he refrained from knocking him out after it became apparent Patterson was injured. Patterson himself later said that he'd never been hit by punches as soft as Ali's. Stratton states that Ali arranged the second fight, in 1972, with the financially struggling Patterson to help the former champion earn enough money to pay a debt to the <a href="/wiki/IRS" class="mw-redirect" title="IRS">IRS</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a></sup>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Main_Bout">Main Bout</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Main Bout"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>After the Patterson fight, Ali founded his own promotion company, Main Bout. The company handled Ali's boxing promotions and <a href="/wiki/Pay-per-view" title="Pay-per-view">pay-per-view</a> <a href="/wiki/Closed-circuit_television" title="Closed-circuit television">closed-circuit television</a> broadcasts; its stockholders were mainly fellow <a href="/wiki/Nation_of_Islam" title="Nation of Islam">Nation of Islam</a> members, such as <a href="/wiki/Jabir_Herbert_Muhammad" title="Jabir Herbert Muhammad">Jabir Herbert Muhammad</a> and the chief aide to Nation of Islam leader <a href="/wiki/Elijah_Muhammad" title="Elijah Muhammad">Elijah Muhammad</a>, John Ali,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a></sup> along with several others, including <a href="/wiki/Bob_Arum" title="Bob Arum">Bob Arum</a>, who later founded <a href="/wiki/Top_Rank#Main_Bout" title="Top Rank">Top Rank</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ezra105_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ezra105-28">[28]</a></sup>
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<figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Muhammad_Ali_1966.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Muhammad_Ali_1966.jpg/220px-Muhammad_Ali_1966.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Muhammad_Ali_1966.jpg/330px-Muhammad_Ali_1966.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Muhammad_Ali_1966.jpg/440px-Muhammad_Ali_1966.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2656" data-file-height="1942" /></a><figcaption>Ali in 1966</figcaption></figure>
<p>Ali and then-<a href="/wiki/World_Boxing_Association" title="World Boxing Association">WBA</a> heavyweight champion boxer <a href="/wiki/Ernie_Terrell" title="Ernie Terrell">Ernie Terrell</a> had agreed to meet for a bout in Chicago on March 29, 1966 (the WBA, one of two boxing associations, had stripped Ali of his title following his signing a rematch with Liston <sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a></sup> But in February Ali was reclassified by the Louisville draft board as 1-A from 1-Y, and he indicated that he would refuse to serve, commenting to the press, "I ain't got nothing against no <a href="/wiki/Viet_Cong" title="Viet Cong">Viet Cong</a>; no Viet Cong never called me nigger."<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a></sup> Amidst the media and public outcry over Ali's stance, the Illinois Athletic Commission refused to sanction the fight, citing technicalities.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a></sup>
</p><p>Instead, Ali traveled to Canada and Europe and won championship bouts against <a href="/wiki/George_Chuvalo" title="George Chuvalo">George Chuvalo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Cooper" title="Henry Cooper">Henry Cooper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brian_London" title="Brian London">Brian London</a> and <a href="/wiki/Karl_Mildenberger" title="Karl Mildenberger">Karl Mildenberger</a>.
</p><p>Ali returned to the United States to fight <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Williams" title="Cleveland Williams">Cleveland Williams</a> in the Houston Astrodome on November 14, 1966. The bo drew a record-breaking indoor crowd of 35,460 people. Williams had once been considered among the hardest punchers in the heavyweight division, but in 1964 he had been shot at point-blank range with a <a href="/wiki/.357_Magnum" title=".357 Magnum">.357 Magnum</a> by a Texas policeman, resulting in the loss of one kidney and 10 feet (3.0 m) of his small intestine. Ali dominated Williams, winning a third-round technical knockout in what some consider the finest performance of his career.
</p><p>Ali fought Terrell in Houston on February 6, 1967. Terrell, who was unbeaten in five years and had defeated many of the boxers Ali had faced, was billed as Ali's toughest opponent since Liston; he was big, strong and had a three-inch reach advantage over Ali. During the lead up to the bout, Terrell repeatedly called Ali "Clay", much to Ali's annoyance. The two almost came to blows over the name issue in a pre-fight interview with <a href="/wiki/Howard_Cosell" title="Howard Cosell">Howard Cosell</a>. Ali seemed intent on humiliating Terrell. "I want to torture him", he said. "A clean knockout is too good for him."<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a></sup> The fight was close until the seventh round, when Ali bloodied Terrell and almost knocked him out. In the eighth round, Ali taunted Terrell, hitting him with jabs and shouting between punches, "What's my name, Uncle Tom ... what's my name?" Ali won a unanimous 15-round decision. Terrell claimed that early in the fight Ali deliberately thumbed him in the eye, forcing him to fight half-blind, and then, in a clinch, rubbed the wounded eye against the ropes. Because of Ali's apparent intent to prolong the fight to inflict maximum punishment, critics described the bout as "one of the ugliest boxing fights." <a href="/wiki/Tex_Maule" title="Tex Maule">Tex Maule</a> later wrote: "It was a wonderful demonstration of boxing skill and a barbarous display of cruelty." Ali denied the accusations of cruelty but, for Ali's critics, the fight provided more evidence of his arrogance.
</p><p>After Ali's title defense against <a href="/wiki/Zora_Folley" title="Zora Folley">Zora Folley</a> on March 22, he was stripped of his title due to his refusal to be drafted to army service.<sup id="cite_ref-greatath_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-greatath-33">[33]</a></sup> His boxing license was also suspended by the state of New York. He was convicted of draft evasion on June 20 and sentenced to five years in prison and a $10,000 fine. He paid a bond and remained free while the verdict was being appealed.
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Exile_and_comeback">Exile and comeback</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Exile and comeback"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>In March 1966, Ali <a href="/wiki/Draft_evasion_in_the_Vietnam_War" title="Draft evasion in the Vietnam War">refused to be inducted into the armed forces</a>. He was systematically denied a boxing license in every state and stripped of his passport. As a result, he did not fight from March 1967 to October 1970—from ages 25 to almost 29—as his case worked its way through the appeals process before his conviction was overturned in 1971. During this time of inactivity, as <a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_the_Vietnam_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Opposition to the Vietnam War">opposition to the Vietnam War</a> began to grow and Ali's stance gained sympathy, he spoke at colleges across the nation, criticizing the Vietnam War and advocating African-American pride and racial justice.
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="The_Super_Fight"><i>The Super Fight</i></span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: The Super Fight"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/The_Super_Fight" title="The Super Fight">The Super Fight</a></div>
<p>While banned from sanctioned bouts, Ali settled a $1 million lawsuit against radio producer Murray Woroner by accepting $10,000 to appear in a privately staged fantasy fight against retired champion Rocky Marciano.<sup id="cite_ref-Enterprise_News_Sep_2009_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Enterprise_News_Sep_2009-34">[34]</a></sup> In 1969 the boxers were filmed sparring for about 75 one-minute rounds; they acted out several different endings.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Guardian_Nov_2012_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Guardian_Nov_2012-35">[35]</a></sup> A computer program purportedly determined the winner, based on data about the fighters. Edited versions of the bout were shown in movie theaters in 1970. In the U.S. version Ali lost in a simulated 13th-round knockout, but in the European version Marciano lost due to cuts, also simulated.<sup id="cite_ref-Bingham_218_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bingham_218-36">[36]</a></sup>
</p><p>Ali suggested that prejudice determined his defeat in the U.S. version. He was reported to jokingly say, "That computer was made in Alabama."<sup id="cite_ref-Enterprise_News_Sep_2009_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Enterprise_News_Sep_2009-34">[34]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Return_to_prizefighting">Return to prizefighting</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Return to prizefighting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>On August 11, 1970, with his case still in appeal, Ali was granted a license to box by the City of Atlanta Athletic Commission, thanks to State Senator <a href="/wiki/Leroy_Johnson_(Georgia_politician)" title="Leroy Johnson (Georgia politician)">Leroy R. Johnson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a></sup> Ali's first return bout was against <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Quarry" title="Jerry Quarry">Jerry Quarry</a> on October 26, resulting in a win after three rounds after Quarry was cut.
</p><p>A month earlier, a victory in federal court forced the New York State Boxing Commission to reinstate Ali's license.<sup id="cite_ref-cgnyrl_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cgnyrl-38">[38]</a></sup> He fought <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Bonavena" title="Oscar Bonavena">Oscar Bonavena</a> at Madison Square Garden in December, an uninspired performance that ended in a dramatic <a href="/wiki/Technical_knockout" class="mw-redirect" title="Technical knockout">technical knockout</a> of Bonavena in the 15th round. The win left Ali as a top contender against heavyweight champion <a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Joe Frazier</a>.
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="First_fight_against_Joe_Frazier">First fight against Joe Frazier</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: First fight against Joe Frazier"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier_vs._Muhammad_Ali" class="mw-redirect" title="Joe Frazier vs. Muhammad Ali">Joe Frazier vs. Muhammad Ali</a></div>
<p>Ali and Frazier's first fight, held at the Garden on March 8, 1971, was nicknamed the "<a href="/wiki/Fight_of_the_Century" title="Fight of the Century">Fight of the Century</a>", due to the tremendous excitement surrounding a bout between two undefeated fighters, each with a legitimate claim as heavyweight champions. Veteran boxing writer John Condon called it "the greatest event I've ever worked on in my life." The bout was broadcast to 35 foreign countries; promoters granted 760 press passes.<sup id="cite_ref-Hauser_2004_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hauser_2004-39">[39]</a></sup>
</p><p>Adding to the atmosphere were the considerable pre-fight theatrics and name calling. Ali portrayed Frazier as a "dumb tool of the white establishment." "Frazier is too ugly to be champ", Ali said. "Frazier is too dumb to be champ." Ali also frequently called Frazier an "Uncle Tom". Dave Wolf, who worked in Frazier's camp, recalled that, "Ali was saying 'the only people rooting for Joe Frazier are white people in suits, Alabama sheriffs, and members of the <a href="/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan" title="Ku Klux Klan">Ku Klux Klan</a>. I'm fighting for the little man in the ghetto.' Joe was sitting there, smashing his fist into the palm of his hand, saying, 'What the fuck does he know about the ghetto?<span style="padding-right:.15em;">'</span>"<sup id="cite_ref-Hauser_2004_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hauser_2004-39">[39]</a></sup>
</p><p>Ali began training at a farm near <a href="/wiki/Reading,_Pennsylvania" title="Reading, Pennsylvania">Reading, Pennsylvania</a>, in 1971 and, finding the country setting to his liking, sought to develop a <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali%27s_Deer_Lake_Training_Camp" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Ali's Deer Lake Training Camp">real training camp</a> in the countryside. He found a five-acre site on a Pennsylvania country road in the village of Deer Lake, Pennsylvania. On this site, Ali carved out what was to become his training camp, where he trained for all his fights from 1972 to the end of his career in 1981.
</p><p>The Monday night fight lived up to its billing. In a preview of their two other fights, a crouching, bobbing and weaving Frazier constantly pressured Ali, getting hit regularly by Ali jabs and combinations, but relentlessly attacking and scoring repeatedly, especially to Ali's body. The fight was even in the early rounds, but Ali was taking more punishment than ever in his career. On several occasions in the early rounds he played to the crowd and shook his head "no" after he was hit. In the later rounds—in what was the first appearance of the "<a href="/wiki/Rope-a-dope" title="Rope-a-dope">rope-a-dope</a> strategy"—Ali leaned against the ropes and absorbed punishment from Frazier, hoping to tire him. In the 11th round, Frazier connected with a left hook that wobbled Ali, but because it appeared that Ali might be clowning as he staggered backwards across the ring, Frazier hesitated to press his advantage, fearing an Ali counter-attack. In the final round, Frazier knocked Ali down with a vicious left hook, which referee <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Mercante" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur Mercante">Arthur Mercante</a> said was as hard as a man can be hit. Ali was back on his feet in three seconds.<sup id="cite_ref-Hauser_2004_39-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hauser_2004-39">[39]</a></sup> Nevertheless, Ali lost by unanimous decision, his first professional defeat.
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Chamberlain_challenge_and_Ellis_fight">Chamberlain challenge and Ellis fight</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Chamberlain challenge and Ellis fight"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Jimmy_Ellis" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jimmy Ellis">Muhammad Ali vs. Jimmy Ellis</a></div>
<p>In 1971, basketball star <a href="/wiki/Wilt_Chamberlain" title="Wilt Chamberlain">Wilt Chamberlain</a> challenged Ali to a fight, and a bout was scheduled for July 26. Although the seven-foot-two-inch tall Chamberlain had formidable physical advantages over Ali— weighing 60<span class="nowrap"> </span>pounds more and able to reach 14<span class="nowrap"> </span>inches further —Ali was able to influence Chamberlain into calling off the bout by taunting him with calls of "Timber!" and "The tree will fall" during a shared interview. These statements of confidence unsettled his taller opponent, whom <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Lakers" title="Los Angeles Lakers">Los Angeles Lakers</a> owner <a href="/wiki/Jack_Kent_Cooke" title="Jack Kent Cooke">Jack Kent Cooke</a> had offered a record-setting contract, conditional on Chamberlain agreeing to abandon what Cooke termed "this boxing foolishness,"<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a></sup> and he did exactly that.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a></sup> To replace Ali's opponent, promoter <a href="/wiki/Bob_Arum" title="Bob Arum">Bob Arum</a> quickly booked a former sparring partner of Ali's, <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Ellis_(boxer)" title="Jimmy Ellis (boxer)">Jimmy Ellis</a>, who was a childhood friend from <a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville, Kentucky</a>, to fight him.
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<h3><span id="Fights_against_Quarry.2C_Patterson.2C_Foster_and_Norton"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Fights_against_Quarry,_Patterson,_Foster_and_Norton">Fights against Quarry, Patterson, Foster and Norton</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Fights against Quarry, Patterson, Foster and Norton"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>After the loss to Frazier, Ali fought Jerry Quarry, had a second bout with Floyd Patterson and faced <a href="/wiki/Bob_Foster_(boxer)" title="Bob Foster (boxer)">Bob Foster</a> in 1972, winning a total of six fights that year. In 1973, <a href="/wiki/Ken_Norton" title="Ken Norton">Ken Norton</a> broke Ali's jaw while giving him the second loss of his career. After initially considering retirement, Ali won a controversial decision against Norton in their second bout. This led to a rematch with Joe Frazier at Madison Square Garden on January 28, 1974; Frazier had recently lost his title to George Foreman.
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Second_fight_against_Joe_Frazier">Second fight against Joe Frazier</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Second fight against Joe Frazier"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Joe_Frazier_II" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Frazier II">Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Frazier II</a></div>
<p>Ali was strong in the early rounds of the fight, and staggered Frazier in the second round. Referee Tony Perez mistakenly thought he heard the bell ending the round and stepped between the two fighters as Ali was pressing his attack, giving Frazier time to recover. However, Frazier came on in the middle rounds, snapping Ali's head in round seven and driving him to the ropes at the end of round eight. The last four rounds saw round-to-round shifts in momentum between the two fighters. Throughout most of the bout, however, Ali was able to circle away from Frazier's dangerous left hook and to tie Frazier up when he was cornered, the latter a tactic that Frazier's camp complained of bitterly. Judges awarded Ali a unanimous decision.
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<h2><span id="World_heavyweight_champion_.28second_reign.29"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="World_heavyweight_champion_(second_reign)">World heavyweight champion (second reign)</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: World heavyweight champion (second reign)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="The_Rumble_in_the_Jungle"><i>The Rumble in the Jungle</i></span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: The Rumble in the Jungle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/The_Rumble_in_the_Jungle" title="The Rumble in the Jungle">The Rumble in the Jungle</a></div>
<p>The defeat of Frazier set the stage for a title fight against heavyweight champion <a href="/wiki/George_Foreman" title="George Foreman">George Foreman</a> in Kinshasa, <a href="/wiki/Zaire" title="Zaire">Zaire</a>, on October 30, 1974—a bout nicknamed <i><a href="/wiki/The_Rumble_in_the_Jungle" title="The Rumble in the Jungle">The Rumble in the Jungle</a></i>. Foreman was considered one of the hardest punchers in heavyweight history. In assessing the fight, analysts pointed out that <a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Joe Frazier</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ken_Norton" title="Ken Norton">Ken Norton</a>, who had given Ali four tough battles and won two of them, had both been devastated by Foreman in second-round knockouts. Ali was 32 years old, and had clearly lost speed and reflexes since his twenties. Contrary to his later persona, Foreman was at the time a brooding and intimidating presence. Almost no-one associated with the sport, not even Ali's long-time supporter <a href="/wiki/Howard_Cosell" title="Howard Cosell">Howard Cosell</a>, gave the former champion a chance of winning.
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<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WORLD_HEAVYWEIGHT_BOXING_CHAMPION_MUHAMMAD_ALI,_A_BLACK_MUSLIM,_ATTENDS_THE_SECT%27S_SERVICE_TO_HEAR_ELIJAH_MUHAMMAD..._-_NARA_-_556247.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/WORLD_HEAVYWEIGHT_BOXING_CHAMPION_MUHAMMAD_ALI%2C_A_BLACK_MUSLIM%2C_ATTENDS_THE_SECT%27S_SERVICE_TO_HEAR_ELIJAH_MUHAMMAD..._-_NARA_-_556247.jpg/220px-WORLD_HEAVYWEIGHT_BOXING_CHAMPION_MUHAMMAD_ALI%2C_A_BLACK_MUSLIM%2C_ATTENDS_THE_SECT%27S_SERVICE_TO_HEAR_ELIJAH_MUHAMMAD..._-_NARA_-_556247.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/WORLD_HEAVYWEIGHT_BOXING_CHAMPION_MUHAMMAD_ALI%2C_A_BLACK_MUSLIM%2C_ATTENDS_THE_SECT%27S_SERVICE_TO_HEAR_ELIJAH_MUHAMMAD..._-_NARA_-_556247.jpg/330px-WORLD_HEAVYWEIGHT_BOXING_CHAMPION_MUHAMMAD_ALI%2C_A_BLACK_MUSLIM%2C_ATTENDS_THE_SECT%27S_SERVICE_TO_HEAR_ELIJAH_MUHAMMAD..._-_NARA_-_556247.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/WORLD_HEAVYWEIGHT_BOXING_CHAMPION_MUHAMMAD_ALI%2C_A_BLACK_MUSLIM%2C_ATTENDS_THE_SECT%27S_SERVICE_TO_HEAR_ELIJAH_MUHAMMAD..._-_NARA_-_556247.jpg/440px-WORLD_HEAVYWEIGHT_BOXING_CHAMPION_MUHAMMAD_ALI%2C_A_BLACK_MUSLIM%2C_ATTENDS_THE_SECT%27S_SERVICE_TO_HEAR_ELIJAH_MUHAMMAD..._-_NARA_-_556247.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2036" /></a><figcaption>Ali in 1974</figcaption></figure>
<p>As usual, Ali was confident and colorful before the fight. He told interviewer <a href="/wiki/David_Frost" title="David Frost">David Frost</a>, "If you think the world was surprised when Nixon resigned, wait 'til I whup Foreman's behind!"<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a></sup> He told the press, "I've done something new for this fight. I done wrestled with an alligator, I done tussled with a whale; handcuffed lightning, thrown thunder in jail; only last week, I murdered a rock, injured a stone, hospitalized a brick; I'm so mean I make medicine sick."<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a></sup> Ali was wildly popular in Zaire, with crowds chanting "Ali, bomaye" ("Ali, kill him") wherever he went.
</p><p>Ali opened the fight moving and scoring with right crosses to Foreman's head. Then, beginning in the second round, and to the consternation of his corner, Ali retreated to the ropes and invited Foreman to hit him while covering up, clinching and counter-punching, all while verbally taunting Foreman. The move, which would later become known as the "<a href="/wiki/Rope-a-dope" title="Rope-a-dope">Rope-a-dope</a>", so violated conventional boxing wisdom—letting one of the hardest hitters in boxing strike at will—that at ringside writer <a href="/wiki/George_Plimpton" title="George Plimpton">George Plimpton</a> thought the fight had to be fixed.<sup id="cite_ref-Hauser_2004_39-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hauser_2004-39">[39]</a></sup> Foreman, increasingly angered, threw punches that were deflected and did not land squarely. Midway through the fight, as Foreman began tiring, Ali countered more frequently and effectively with punches and flurries, which electrified the pro-Ali crowd. In the eighth round, Ali dropped an exhausted Foreman with a combination at center ring; Foreman failed to make the count. Against the odds, and amidst pandemonium in the ring, Ali had regained the title by knockout. Reflecting on the fight, George Foreman later said: "I thought Ali was just one more knockout victim until, about the seventh round, I hit him hard to the jaw and he held me and whispered in my ear: 'That all you got, George?' I realized that this ain't what I thought it was."<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a></sup>
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<h3><span id="Fights_against_Wepner.2C_Lyle_and_Bugner"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Fights_against_Wepner,_Lyle_and_Bugner">Fights against Wepner, Lyle and Bugner</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Fights against Wepner, Lyle and Bugner"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>Ali's next opponents included <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Wepner" title="Chuck Wepner">Chuck Wepner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ron_Lyle" title="Ron Lyle">Ron Lyle</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Joe_Bugner" title="Joe Bugner">Joe Bugner</a>. Wepner, a journeyman known as "The Bayonne Bleeder", stunned Ali with a "knockdown" in the ninth round; Ali would later say he tripped on Wepner's foot, or that Wepner had actually stepped on Ali's foot and he lost his balance. Wepner also admitted that is what happened in a later interview.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> It was a bout that would inspire <a href="/wiki/Sylvester_Stallone" title="Sylvester Stallone">Sylvester Stallone</a> to create the acclaimed film, <i><a href="/wiki/Rocky" title="Rocky">Rocky</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Third_fight_against_Joe_Frazier">Third fight against Joe Frazier</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Third fight against Joe Frazier"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Thrilla_in_Manila" title="Thrilla in Manila">Thrilla in Manila</a></div>
<p>Ali then agreed to a third match with Joe Frazier in <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a>. The bout, known as the "<a href="/wiki/Thrilla_in_Manila" title="Thrilla in Manila">Thrilla in Manila</a>", was held on October 1, 1975,<sup id="cite_ref-greatath_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-greatath-33">[33]</a></sup> in temperatures approaching 100 °F (38 °C). In the first rounds, Ali was aggressive, moving and exchanging blows with Frazier. However, Ali soon appeared to tire and adopted the "rope-a-dope" strategy, frequently resorting to clinches. During this part of the bout Ali did some effective counter-punching, but for the most part absorbed punishment from a relentlessly attacking Frazier. In the 12th round, Frazier began to tire, and Ali scored several sharp blows that closed Frazier's left eye and opened a cut over his right eye. With Frazier's vision now diminished, Ali dominated the 13th and 14th rounds, at times conducting what boxing historian Mike Silver called "target practice" on Frazier's head. The fight was stopped when Frazier's trainer, Eddie Futch, refused to allow Frazier to answer the bell for the 15th and final round, despite Frazier's protests. Frazier's eyes were both swollen shut. Ali, in his corner, winner by TKO, slumped on his stool, clearly spent.
</p><p>An ailing Ali said afterwards that the fight "was the closest thing to dying that I know", and, when later asked if he had viewed the fight on videotape, reportedly said, "Why would I want to go back and see Hell?" After the fight he cited Frazier as "the greatest fighter of all times next to me."
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Later_career">Later career</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Later career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Anderson_ali.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Anderson_ali.jpg/220px-Anderson_ali.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Anderson_ali.jpg/330px-Anderson_ali.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Anderson_ali.jpg/440px-Anderson_ali.jpg 2x" data-file-width="627" data-file-height="581" /></a><figcaption>Ali being interviewed by <a href="/wiki/WBAL-TV" title="WBAL-TV">WBAL-TV</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Curt_Anderson" title="Curt Anderson">Curt Anderson</a>, 1978, Baltimore, Maryland</figcaption></figure>
<p>Following the Manila bout, Ali fought <a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Coopman" title="Jean-Pierre Coopman">Jean-Pierre Coopman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Young_(boxer)" title="Jimmy Young (boxer)">Jimmy Young</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Dunn_(boxer)" title="Richard Dunn (boxer)">Richard Dunn</a>, winning the last by knockout.
</p><p>On June 1, 1976, Ali removed his shirt and jacket and confronted <a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestler" class="mw-redirect" title="Professional wrestler">professional wrestler</a> <a href="/wiki/Gorilla_Monsoon" title="Gorilla Monsoon">Gorilla Monsoon</a> in the ring after his match at a <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Wrestling_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="World Wide Wrestling Federation">World Wide Wrestling Federation</a> show in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Arena" title="Philadelphia Arena">Philadelphia Arena</a>. After dodging a few punches, Monsoon put Ali in an <a href="/wiki/Airplane_spin" class="mw-redirect" title="Airplane spin">airplane spin</a> and dumped him to the mat. Ali stumbled to the corner, where his associate <a href="/wiki/Butch_Lewis" title="Butch Lewis">Butch Lewis</a> convinced him to walk away.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a></sup>
</p><p>On June 26, 1976, Ali participated in <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Antonio_Inoki" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Antonio Inoki">an exhibition bout</a> in Tokyo against Japanese professional wrestler and martial artist <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Inoki" title="Antonio Inoki">Antonio Inoki</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-sweetScience_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sweetScience-47">[47]</a></sup> Ali was only able to land two jabs while Inoki's kicks caused two blood clots and an infection that almost resulted in Ali's leg being amputated.<sup id="cite_ref-sweetScience_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sweetScience-47">[47]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-leastMemorable_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leastMemorable-48">[48]</a></sup> The match was not scripted and ultimately declared a draw.<sup id="cite_ref-sweetScience_47-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sweetScience-47">[47]</a></sup> After Ali's death, <i>The New York Times</i> declared it his least memorable fight.<sup id="cite_ref-leastMemorable_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leastMemorable-48">[48]</a></sup> Most boxing commentators at the time viewed the fight negatively and hoped it would be forgotten as some considered it a "15-round farce."<sup id="cite_ref-forgottenInfluence_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-forgottenInfluence-49">[49]</a></sup> Today it is considered by some to be one of Ali's most influential fights and CBS Sports said the attention the mixed-style bout received "foretold the arrival of standardized <a href="/wiki/MMA" class="mw-redirect" title="MMA">MMA</a> years later."<sup id="cite_ref-forgottenInfluence_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-forgottenInfluence-49">[49]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a></sup>
</p><p>Ali fought Ken Norton for the third time in September 1976. The bout, which was held at <a href="/wiki/Yankee_Stadium_(1923)" title="Yankee Stadium (1923)">Yankee Stadium</a>, resulted in Ali winning a heavily contested decision that was loudly booed by the audience. Afterwards, he announced he was retiring from boxing to practice his faith, having converted to <a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni Islam</a> after falling out with the Nation of Islam the previous year.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a></sup>
</p><p>After returning to box in two exhibition bouts in April 1977 against a then 18-year-old <a href="/wiki/Michael_Dokes" title="Michael Dokes">Michael Dokes</a><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a></sup> and journeyman Jody Ballard, Ali successfully defended his title for the 9th time against <a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Evangelista" title="Alfredo Evangelista">Alfredo Evangelista</a> in May. Ali fought again in September 1977, struggling in a 10th title defence against hard-hitting contender <a href="/wiki/Earnie_Shavers" title="Earnie Shavers">Earnie Shavers</a>. Ali was hurt in the second round but ultimately won the fight by another unanimous decision. The bout caused his long-time doctor <a href="/wiki/Ferdie_Pacheco" title="Ferdie Pacheco">Ferdie Pacheco</a> to quit after he was rebuffed for telling Ali he should retire. Pacheco was quoted as saying, "the New York State Athletic Commission gave me a report that showed Ali's kidneys were falling apart. I wrote to Angelo Dundee, Ali's trainer, his wife and Ali himself. I got nothing back in response. That's when I decided enough is enough."<sup id="cite_ref-Hauser_2004_39-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hauser_2004-39">[39]</a></sup>
</p><p>In February 1978, Ali faced <a href="/wiki/Leon_Spinks" title="Leon Spinks">Leon Spinks</a> at the Hilton Hotel in <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas" title="Las Vegas">Las Vegas</a>. At the time, Spinks had only seven professional fights to his credit, and had recently fought a draw with journeyman Scott LeDoux. Ali sparred less than two dozen rounds in preparation for the fight, and was out of shape. He lost the title by split decision. Ali sought to regain his title however, and a rematch was scheduled for the fall of 1978.
</p><p>Ali started training early and even travelled to Moscow, Russia to box in three exhibition fights in June of that year against Soviet Amateur champion <a href="/wiki/Igor_Vysotsky" title="Igor Vysotsky">Igor Vysotsky</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Zayev" title="Pyotr Zayev">Pyotar Zayev</a> and Yevgeny Gorstkov.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a></sup> Embarrassed by the Spinks loss, Ali purportedly sparred over 200 rounds in his preparation for the rematch, seemingly determined to regain his title. The Spinks rematch took place in September 1978 at the <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Superdome" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercedes-Benz Superdome">Superdome</a> in New Orleans, Louisiana. A then-record 63,350 people attended the bout<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a></sup> and paid a total of $6 million in admission, making it the largest live gate in boxing history at that time.<sup id="cite_ref-Times-Picayune,_New_Orleans,_Peter_Finney's_column_from_1978_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Times-Picayune,_New_Orleans,_Peter_Finney's_column_from_1978-55">[55]</a></sup> A fitter and sharper Ali, although noticeably slower than his prime years, danced around Spinks and scored from range for the majority of the bout, holding his much younger opponent every time he got in close. Ali won a well deserved unanimous decision, with referee Lucien Joubert scoring rounds 10–4, judge Ernie Cojoe 10–4, and judge Herman Preis 11–4. This made Ali the first heavyweight champion to win the lineal title three times.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RingsideReport.com,_Kevin_Kincade,_2016_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RingsideReport.com,_Kevin_Kincade,_2016-57">[57]</a></sup>
</p><p>Following this win, on July 27, 1979, Ali announced his retirement from boxing. His retirement was short-lived, however; Ali announced his comeback to face <a href="/wiki/Larry_Holmes" title="Larry Holmes">Larry Holmes</a> for the WBC belt in an attempt to win the heavyweight championship an unprecedented fourth time. The fight was largely motivated by Ali's need for money. Holmes' trainer Richie Giachetti said, "Larry didn't want to fight Ali. He knew Ali had nothing left; he knew it would be a horror."
</p><p>It was around this time that Ali started struggling with vocal stutters and trembling hands.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Nevada_Athletic_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Nevada Athletic Commission">Nevada Athletic Commission</a> (NAC) ordered that he undergo a complete physical in Las Vegas before being allowed to fight again. Ali chose instead to check into the <a href="/wiki/Mayo_Clinic" title="Mayo Clinic">Mayo Clinic</a>, who declared him fit to fight. Their opinion was accepted by the NAC on July 31, 1980, paving the way for Ali's return to the ring.<sup id="cite_ref-LVSun_50_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LVSun_50-59">[59]</a></sup>
</p><p>The fight took place on October 2, 1980, in Las Vegas Valley, with Holmes easily dominating Ali, who was weakened from thyroid medication he had taken to lose weight. Giachetti called the fight "awful ... the worst sports event I ever had to cover." Actor <a href="/wiki/Sylvester_Stallone" title="Sylvester Stallone">Sylvester Stallone</a> was at ringside and said that it was like watching an autopsy on a man who is still alive.<sup id="cite_ref-Hauser_2004_39-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hauser_2004-39">[39]</a></sup> In the eleventh round, Angelo Dundee told the referee to stop the fight, making it the only time that Ali ever lost by <a href="/wiki/Technical_knockout" class="mw-redirect" title="Technical knockout">stoppage</a>. After the fight, Holmes went back to his dressing room and cried. The Holmes fight is said to have contributed to Ali's Parkinson's syndrome.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a></sup> Despite pleas to definitively retire, Ali fought one last time on December 11, 1981, in Nassau, <a href="/wiki/Bahamas" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahamas">Bahamas</a>, against <a href="/wiki/Trevor_Berbick" title="Trevor Berbick">Trevor Berbick</a>, losing a ten-round decision.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a></sup>
</p><p>By the end of his boxing career Ali had absorbed 200,000 hits.<sup id="cite_ref-veconomist_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-veconomist-64">[64]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Boxing_style">Boxing style</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Boxing style"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali%27s_Training_Camp" title="Muhammad Ali's Training Camp">Muhammad Ali's Training Camp</a> and <a href="/wiki/Slipping" title="Slipping">Slipping</a></div>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Muhammad_Ali%27s_boxing_gloves.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Muhammad_Ali%27s_boxing_gloves.jpg/220px-Muhammad_Ali%27s_boxing_gloves.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Muhammad_Ali%27s_boxing_gloves.jpg/330px-Muhammad_Ali%27s_boxing_gloves.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Muhammad_Ali%27s_boxing_gloves.jpg/440px-Muhammad_Ali%27s_boxing_gloves.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1324" data-file-height="1272" /></a><figcaption>Muhammad Ali's boxing gloves are preserved in the <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution" title="Smithsonian Institution">Smithsonian Institution</a> National Museum of American History.</figcaption></figure>
<p>Ali had a highly unorthodox boxing style for a heavyweight (210 pounds), epitomized by his catchphrase "float like a butterfly, sting like a bee." Never an overpowering puncher, Ali relied early in his career on his incredible hand speed, superb reflexes and constant movement, dancing and circling opponents for most of the fight, holding his hands low and lashing out with a quick, cutting left jab that he threw from unpredictable angles. His footwork was so strong that it was extremely difficult for opponents to cut down the ring and corner Ali against the ropes. He was also able to quickly dodge punches with his speed, head movement, dancing and footwork.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>
</p><p>One of Ali's greatest tricks was to make opponents overcommit by pulling straight backward from punches. Disciplined, world-class boxers chased Ali and threw themselves off balance attempting to hit him because he seemed to be an open target, only missing and leaving themselves exposed to Ali's counter punches, usually a chopping right.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a></sup> Slow motion replays show that this was precisely the way Sonny Liston was hit and apparently knocked out by Ali in their second fight.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a></sup> Ali often flaunted his movement by dancing the "Ali Shuffle", a sort of center-ring jig.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a></sup> Ali's early style was so unusual that he was initially discounted because he reminded boxing writers of a lightweight, and it was assumed he would be vulnerable to big hitters like Sonny Liston.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>
</p><p>Jimmy Jacobs, who co-managed Mike Tyson, used a synchronizer to measure young Ali's punching speed versus Sugar Ray Robinson, a welter/middleweight who was considered pound-for-pound the best fighter in history. Ali was 25% faster than Robinson, even though Ali was 45–50<span class="nowrap"> </span>pounds heavier.<sup id="cite_ref-Gallenger_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gallenger-68">[68]</a></sup> Ali's punches produced approximately 1,000<span class="nowrap"> </span>pounds of force.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a></sup> "No matter what his opponents heard about him, they didn't realize how fast he was until they got in the ring with him", Jacobs said.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a></sup> The effect of Ali's punches was cumulative. <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Powell" title="Charlie Powell">Charlie Powell</a>, who fought Ali early in Ali's career and was knocked out in the third round, said: "When he first hit me I said to myself, 'I can take two of these to get one in myself.' But in a little while I found myself getting dizzier and dizzier every time he hit me. He throws punches so easily that you don't realize how much they hurt you until it's too late."<sup id="cite_ref-Mee_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mee-11">[11]</a></sup>
</p><p>Commenting on fighting the young Ali, George Chuvalo said: "He was just so damn fast. When he was young, he moved his legs and hands at the same time. He threw his punches when he was in motion. He'd be out of punching range, and as he moved into range he'd already begun to throw the punch. So if you waited until he got into range to punch back, he beat you every time."<sup id="cite_ref-Hauser_2004_39-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hauser_2004-39">[39]</a></sup>
</p><p>Floyd Patterson said, "It's very hard to hit a moving target, and (Ali) moved all the time, with such grace, three minutes of every round for fifteen rounds. He never stopped. It was extraordinary."<sup id="cite_ref-Hauser_2004_39-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hauser_2004-39">[39]</a></sup>
</p><p>Darrell Foster, who trained Will Smith for the movie <i>Ali</i>, said: "Ali's signature punches were the left jab and the overhand right. But there were at least six different ways Ali used to jab. One was a jab that Ali called the 'snake lick', like cobra striking that comes from the floor almost, really low down. Then there was Ali's rapid-fire jab—three to five jabs in succession rapidly fired at his opponents' eyes to create a blur in [the latter's] face so he wouldn't be able to see [Ali's] right hand coming behind it."<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Footwork">Footwork</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Footwork"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Footwork_(martial_arts)" title="Footwork (martial arts)">Footwork (martial arts)</a></div>
<p>An unconventional "dancing" style of <a href="/wiki/Footwork_(martial_arts)" title="Footwork (martial arts)">footwork</a> was popularized by Ali in the 1960s. He moved side to side, and forward and back, while bouncing on the balls of his feet and dancing around his opponents. This allowed him to quickly move to wherever he wanted in the ring. He also occasionally shuffled his feet back and forth quickly, confusing his opponents before landing a blow, a move called the <a href="/wiki/Ali_shuffle" class="mw-redirect" title="Ali shuffle">Ali shuffle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a></sup> His unconventional footwork was referred to as the "dancing legs" at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a></sup>
</p><p>Ali's footwork notably influenced <a href="/wiki/Martial_artist" class="mw-redirect" title="Martial artist">martial artist</a> and actor <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Lee" title="Bruce Lee">Bruce Lee</a>, who studied Ali's footwork and incorporated it into his own <a href="/wiki/Jeet_Kune_Do" title="Jeet Kune Do">Jeet Kune Do</a> style of <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_martial_arts" title="Hybrid martial arts">hybrid martial arts</a> in the 1960s.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Trash-talk">Trash-talk</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Trash-talk"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Trash-talk" class="mw-redirect" title="Trash-talk">Trash-talk</a></div>
<p>Ali regularly taunted and baited his opponents—including Liston, Frazier, and Foreman—before the fight and often during the bout itself. He said Frazier was "too dumb to be champion", that he would whip Liston "like his Daddy did", that Terrell was an "<a href="/wiki/Uncle_Tom" title="Uncle Tom">Uncle Tom</a>" for refusing to call Ali by his name and continuing to call him Cassius Clay, calling Patterson a "rabbit", and calling Foreman "a mummy". In speaking of how Ali stoked Liston's anger and overconfidence before their first fight, one writer commented that "the most brilliant fight strategy in boxing history was devised by a teenager who had graduated 376 in a class of 391."<sup id="cite_ref-Gallenger_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gallenger-68">[68]</a></sup>
</p><p>Ali typically portrayed himself as the "people's champion" and his opponent as a tool of the (white) establishment. During the early part of his career, he built a reputation for predicting rounds in which he would finish opponents, often vowing to crawl across the ring or to leave the country if he lost the bout.<sup id="cite_ref-greatath_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-greatath-33">[33]</a></sup> Ali adopted the latter practice from "Gorgeous" <a href="/wiki/Gorgeous_George" title="Gorgeous George">George Wagner</a>, a professional wrestling champion who drew thousands of fans to his matches as "the man you love to hate."<sup id="cite_ref-greatath_33-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-greatath-33">[33]</a></sup> When Ali was 19, Wagner, who was in town to wrestle <a href="/wiki/Freddie_Blassie" title="Freddie Blassie">Freddie Blassie</a> and had crossed paths with Clay,<sup id="cite_ref-georgali_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-georgali-13">[13]</a></sup> told the boxer before a bout with Duke Sabedong in Las Vegas,<sup id="cite_ref-georgali_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-georgali-13">[13]</a></sup> "A lot of people will pay to see someone shut your mouth. So keep on bragging, keep on sassing and always be outrageous."<sup id="cite_ref-SI_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI-12">[12]</a></sup>
</p><p>ESPN columnist Ralph Wiley called Ali "The King of Trash Talk".<sup id="cite_ref-ESPN_Wiley_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ESPN_Wiley-76">[76]</a></sup> In 2013, <i>The Guardian</i> said Ali exemplified boxing's "golden age of <a href="/wiki/Trash-talk" class="mw-redirect" title="Trash-talk">trash-talking</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bleacher_Report" title="Bleacher Report">Bleacher Report</a> called Clay's description of Sonny Liston smelling like a bear and his vow to donate him to a zoo after he beat him the greatest trash-talk line in sports history.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Rope-a-dope">Rope-a-dope</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Rope-a-dope"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Rope-a-dope" title="Rope-a-dope">Rope-a-dope</a></div>
<p>In the opinion of many observers, Ali became a different fighter after the 3½-year layoff. Ferdie Pacheco, Ali's corner physician, noted that he had lost his ability to move and dance as before.<sup id="cite_ref-Hauser_2004_39-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hauser_2004-39">[39]</a></sup> This forced Ali to become more stationary and exchange punches more frequently, exposing him to more punishment while indirectly revealing his tremendous ability to take a punch. This physical change led in part to the "<a href="/wiki/Rope-a-dope" title="Rope-a-dope">rope-a-dope</a>" strategy, where Ali would lie back on the ropes, cover up to protect himself and conserve energy, and tempt opponents to punch themselves out. Ali often taunted opponents in the process and lashed back with sudden, unexpected combinations. The strategy was dramatically successful in the George Foreman fight, but less so in the first Joe Frazier bout when it was introduced.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Later_years">Later years</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Later years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>Of his later career, Arthur Mercante said: "Ali knew all the tricks. He was the best fighter I ever saw in terms of clinching. Not only did he use it to rest, but he was big and strong and knew how to lean on opponents and push and shove and pull to tire them out. Ali was so smart. Most guys are just in there fighting, but Ali had a sense of everything that was happening, almost as though he was sitting at ringside analyzing the fight while he fought it."<sup id="cite_ref-Hauser_2004_39-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hauser_2004-39">[39]</a></sup>
</p><p>In the mid-1970s, Ali took an interest in <a href="/wiki/Asian_martial_arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian martial arts">Asian martial arts</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Karate" title="Karate">karate</a> and <a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">taekwondo</a>. The founder of American taekwondo, <a href="/wiki/Jhoon_Goo_Rhee" class="mw-redirect" title="Jhoon Goo Rhee">Jhoon Goo Rhee</a>, coached Ali for several fights. A punching technique that Rhee taught him was the "accupunch", a technique that Rhee himself had originally learnt from <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Lee" title="Bruce Lee">Bruce Lee</a>. The "accupunch" is a rapid fast punch that is very difficult to block, based on human reaction time—"the idea is to finish the execution of the punch before the opponent can complete the brain-to-wrist communication." Ali was reportedly unable to block the punch when Rhee first demonstrated it to him. Ali later used the "accupunch" to <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Richard_Dunn" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Richard Dunn">knockout Richard Dunn</a> in 1976.<sup id="cite_ref-Rhee_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rhee-79">[79]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Ali_and_his_contemporaries">Ali and his contemporaries</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Ali and his contemporaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Ali_and_Frazier">Ali and Frazier</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Ali and Frazier"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Friendship">Friendship</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Friendship"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h4>
<p>In an interview published in 2002, <a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Joe Frazier</a> recalled that he had first met Ali around 1968. At this time Ali was continuing his legal fight to get his boxing license back, and Frazier was the undisputed heavyweight champion of the world. Frazier stated that he had campaigned vigorously for Ali to get his license; this included going to Washington and meeting the president to lobby on Ali's behalf. Frazier also lent Ali some money at this time.<sup id="cite_ref-Facing_Ali_115-6_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Facing_Ali_115-6-80">[80]</a></sup>
</p><p>According to Dave Wolf, former sports editor of <i><a href="/wiki/Life_(magazine)" title="Life (magazine)">Life</a></i> and a member of Frazier's entourage, Frazier was keen for Ali's return to boxing, because he believed that beating Ali would win him unambiguous acknowledgement as the "best."<sup id="cite_ref-Hauser_217_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hauser_217-81">[81]</a></sup> According to Wolf, Frazier was also kind to Ali during this time—agreeing to participate in staged confrontations, which enabled Ali to get publicity and earn money giving lectures. Wolf states that Frazier had deep respect for Ali's religious beliefs, and even participated in Muslim services at Ali's suggestion. Until Ali got "nasty" before their <a href="/wiki/Fight_of_the_Century" title="Fight of the Century">first fight</a>, Frazier endorsed Ali's refusal to be drafted; Wolf recalls: "I remember [Frazier] telling me, 'If Baptists weren't allowed to fight, I wouldn't fight either'."<sup id="cite_ref-Hauser_217_81-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hauser_217-81">[81]</a></sup>
</p><p>Ali and Frazier knew they would become wealthy if Ali returned to the ring.<sup id="cite_ref-Facing_Ali_116_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Facing_Ali_116-82">[82]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Glory_Years_162_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glory_Years_162-83">[83]</a></sup> Prior to their first fight, both had expressed a liking for each other.<sup id="cite_ref-Glory_Years_180_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glory_Years_180-84">[84]</a></sup> In 1970, Ali had stated: "Me and Joe Frazier will be buddies. I just want it to go down in history that I didn't sell out or <a href="/wiki/Uncle_Tom" title="Uncle Tom">Uncle Tom</a> when I got famous, and I don't think Joe Frazier's going to do that either. He ain't dumb."<sup id="cite_ref-Glory_Years_180_84-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glory_Years_180-84">[84]</a></sup>
</p>
<h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Opponents">Opponents</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Opponents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h4><p>
Ali and Frazier fought three fights in the span of five years; the first and third of these are widely regarded to be among the greatest of all boxing bouts, and the Ali-Frazier rivalry has been hailed as one of the greatest any sport has seen.<sup id="cite_ref-Hauser_216_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hauser_216-85">[85]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SI_Nack_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI_Nack-86">[86]</a></sup> Writing in <i><a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated" title="Sports Illustrated">Sports Illustrated</a></i>, William Nack commented: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1211633275">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}</style></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Of all the names joined forever in the annals of boxing—from <a href="/wiki/Jack_Dempsey" title="Jack Dempsey">Dempsey</a>-<a href="/wiki/Gene_Tunney" title="Gene Tunney">Tunney</a> to <a href="/wiki/Joe_Louis" title="Joe Louis">Louis</a>-<a href="/wiki/Max_Schmeling" title="Max Schmeling">Schmeling</a>, from <a href="/wiki/Tony_Zale" title="Tony Zale">Zale</a>-<a href="/wiki/Rocky_Graziano" title="Rocky Graziano">Graziano</a> to <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Ray_Leonard" title="Sugar Ray Leonard">Leonard</a>-<a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hearns" title="Thomas Hearns">Hearns</a>—none are more fiercely bound by a hyphen than Ali-Frazier. Not <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Palmer" title="Arnold Palmer">Palmer</a>-<a href="/wiki/Nicklaus" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicklaus">Nicklaus</a> in golf nor <a href="/wiki/Bj%C3%B6rn_Borg" title="Björn Borg">Borg</a>-<a href="/wiki/John_McEnroe" title="John McEnroe">McEnroe</a> in tennis, as ardently competitive as these rivalries were, conjure up anything remotely close to the epic theater of Ali-Frazier.<sup id="cite_ref-SI_Nack_86-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI_Nack-86">[86]</a></sup></p></blockquote>
<p>According to Ali, Frazier's style of boxing made him a tougher opponent for him than Liston or Foreman because he was vulnerable to Frazier's in-close left <a href="/wiki/Hook_(boxing)" title="Hook (boxing)">hook</a>. Had he fought with Frazier before his three-and-half year break from boxing, when he was younger, "I'd have danced for fifteen rounds, and Joe wouldn't have ever caught me."<sup id="cite_ref-Hauser_231_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hauser_231-87">[87]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88">[a]</a></sup>
</p><p>After <a href="/wiki/Thrilla_in_Manila" title="Thrilla in Manila">Thrilla in Manila</a>, Frazier called Ali "a great champion",<sup id="cite_ref-SI_Kram_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI_Kram-89">[88]</a></sup> and, referring to Ali, graciously stated that "[m]y man fought a good fight";<sup id="cite_ref-Aksyon_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aksyon-90">[89]</a></sup> while Ali declared Frazier to be "the greatest fighter of all time next to me."<sup id="cite_ref-Facing_Ali_123_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Facing_Ali_123-91">[90]</a></sup>
</p>
<h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Trash-talk_and_altercations">Trash-talk and altercations</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Trash-talk and altercations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h4>
<p>In the buildup to their bouts, Ali called Frazier "dumb" and an "Uncle Tom" before their first, "ignorant" before the second, and a "gorilla" before the third.<sup id="cite_ref-Guardian_Hauser_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian_Hauser-92">[91]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Facing_Ali_121_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Facing_Ali_121-93">[92]</a></sup> Writers <a href="/wiki/Felix_Dennis" title="Felix Dennis">Dennis</a> and Don Atyeo have noted that given Ali's warm words for Frazier in the past, his jibes about Frazier sounded hollow.<sup id="cite_ref-Glory_Years_180_84-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glory_Years_180-84">[84]</a></sup>
</p><p>On January 23, 1974, five days before their <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Joe_Frazier_II" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Frazier II">second fight</a>, Ali and Frazier had a public altercation captured on television. ABC Sports' <a href="/wiki/Howard_Cosell" title="Howard Cosell">Howard Cosell</a> had arranged for the two to come to the studio to comment on their first fight. Things went smoothly until Frazier commented about Ali having to visit a hospital after the fight. Ali immediately responded by claiming he had gone to a hospital for ten minutes whereas Frazier had been hospitalized for three weeks after the fight,<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95">[b]</a></sup> and concluded by calling Frazier "ignorant."<sup id="cite_ref-Glory_Years_204_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glory_Years_204-96">[94]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hauser_255_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hauser_255-97">[95]</a></sup> Frazier then snapped; removing his studio earplug, Frazier reached across to Ali, protesting the use of the word "ignorant."<sup id="cite_ref-Hauser_256_94-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hauser_256-94">[93]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Glory_Years_204_96-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glory_Years_204-96">[94]</a></sup> Soon the two were wrestling on the floor, until they were separated by onlookers.<sup id="cite_ref-Glory_Years_204_96-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glory_Years_204-96">[94]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hauser_256-57_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hauser_256-57-98">[96]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100">[c]</a></sup>
</p><p>According to veteran boxing commentator Ronnie Nathanielsz, during the buildup to Thrilla in Manilla, Ali once awakened Frazier in the middle of the night by constantly screaming. When Frazier appeared on the balcony of his hotel room, Ali pointed a toy gun at him and shouted: "I am going to shoot you."<sup id="cite_ref-Aksyon_90-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aksyon-90">[89]</a></sup>
</p><p>Immediately after Thrilla in Manilla, Ali summoned Frazier's son <a href="/wiki/Marvis_Frazier" title="Marvis Frazier">Marvis</a> to his dressing room and apologized for the things he had said about Frazier.<sup id="cite_ref-Glory_Years_244_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glory_Years_244-101">[98]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102">[d]</a></sup> When Marvis conveyed Ali's contrition to his father, Frazier commented that Ali should have communicated this to him directly.<sup id="cite_ref-Glory_Years_244_101-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glory_Years_244-101">[98]</a></sup> After returning to the United States, Ali called boxing promoter and manager <a href="/wiki/Butch_Lewis" title="Butch Lewis">Butch Lewis</a>, and asked for Frazier's private number, saying he wanted to apologize to Frazier. However, when Lewis conveyed this request to Frazier, he was told not to share the phone number with Ali.<sup id="cite_ref-SI_Nack_86-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI_Nack-86">[86]</a></sup>
</p>
<h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Finale">Finale</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Finale"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h4>
<p>In 1988, Ali and Frazier joined <a href="/wiki/George_Foreman" title="George Foreman">George Foreman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Larry_Holmes" title="Larry Holmes">Larry Holmes</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ken_Norton" title="Ken Norton">Ken Norton</a> in Las Vegas for the making of the film <i>Champions Forever</i>. At a local gym, Frazier came across Ali before a crowd of spectators, and said: "Look at Ali. Look what's happened to him. All your talkin', man. I'm faster than you are now. You're damaged goods."<sup id="cite_ref-SI_Nack_86-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI_Nack-86">[86]</a></sup> Ali, already afflicted with Parkinson's, insisted that he remained faster than Frazier and pointing to a heavy bag suggested the two compete to see which of them could hit the bag the fastest. Frazier immediately took off his coat, moved to the bag and threw a dozen rapid punches at it accompanied by loud grunts. Without removing his coat, Ali strolled towards the bag, held the ready stance, mimicked one of Frazier's grunts without throwing a punch, and then addressed Frazier with the words "Wanna see it again, Joe?" Everyone laughed, except Frazier.<sup id="cite_ref-SI_Nack_86-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI_Nack-86">[86]</a></sup>
</p><p>Later that day, Frazier started walking towards Ali after having had too much to drink. Ali biographer <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hauser" title="Thomas Hauser">Thomas Hauser</a>, who was present, recalled that for the next 10 minutes Larry Holmes positioned himself between Ali and Frazier, preventing Frazier from reaching Ali. George Foreman then took over and acted as Ali's shield for the next 10 minutes. Throughout this incident, Ali remained oblivious to what was going on.<sup id="cite_ref-SI_Nack_86-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI_Nack-86">[86]</a></sup>
</p><p>
In his 1996 autobiography <i>Smokin' Joe: The Autobiography of a Heavyweight Champion of the World</i>, in which he always refers to Ali as Cassius Clay,<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103">[99]</a></sup> Frazier wrote: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1211633275"></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Truth is, I'd like to rumble with that sucker [Ali] again—beat him up piece by piece and mail him back to Jesus. ... Now people ask me if I feel bad for him, now that things aren't going so well for him. Nope. I don't. Fact is, I don't give a damn. They want me to love him, but I'll open up the graveyard and bury his ass when the Lord chooses to take him.<sup id="cite_ref-SI_Nack_86-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI_Nack-86">[86]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ESPN_Woods_104-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ESPN_Woods-104">[100]</a></sup></p></blockquote>
<p>Commenting on Ali lighting the Olympic flame in 1996, Frazier stated that it would have been good if Ali had fallen into the cauldron after lighting the flame, and that he would have pushed Ali in himself if he had the chance to do so.<sup id="cite_ref-SI_Nack_86-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI_Nack-86">[86]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Facing_Ali_102_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Facing_Ali_102-105">[101]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-HC_Jacobs_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HC_Jacobs-106">[102]</a></sup> In a press conference held on July 30, 1996, Frazier accused Ali of being a "draft dodger" and a racist,<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107">[e]</a></sup> and claimed he would have been a better choice to light the Olympic flame.<sup id="cite_ref-SI_Nack_86-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI_Nack-86">[86]</a></sup> Also in 1996, Frazier claimed Ali was suffering from "Joe Frazier-itis" and "left-hook-itis."<sup id="cite_ref-SI_Nack_86-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI_Nack-86">[86]</a></sup>
</p><p>
In a 1997 interview, Frazier expressed no regret for the words he had used for Ali at the 1996 Atlanta Olympics. According to Frazier: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1211633275"></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>We weren't animals. We were human beings. He called me a gorilla. An Uncle Tom. Uncle Tom? I grew up so poor and so black in South Carolina, even the water we drank was colored. The only guy I 'tommed' for was him, giving in to him. God gave him so many gifts. Fast. Pretty. Smart. Strong. He didn't have to do what he did.<sup id="cite_ref-HC_Jacobs_106-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HC_Jacobs-106">[102]</a></sup></p></blockquote>
<p>In a 2001 interview with <i>The New York Times</i>, Ali again apologized to Frazier for calling him names which, Ali claimed, was done to promote their fights. Frazier initially accepted the apology saying it was time to put this issue behind them.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_Sandomir_108-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_Sandomir-108">[103]</a></sup> However, subsequently Frazier commented that Ali should apologize directly to him instead of apologizing through a newspaper. Reacting to this, Ali stated: "If you see Frazier, you tell him he's still a gorilla."<sup id="cite_ref-ESPN_Sielski_109-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ESPN_Sielski-109">[104]</a></sup>
</p><p>In his interview in <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Brunt" title="Stephen Brunt">Stephen Brunt</a>'s 2002 book <a href="/wiki/Facing_Ali_(book)" title="Facing Ali (book)"><i>Facing Ali</i></a>, Frazier, referring to how he had contributed to Ali's infirmity, claimed he was sure Ali thinks of him whenever he gets out of bed, and that whatever Ali was undergoing was the will of God.<sup id="cite_ref-Facing_Ali_102,_124_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Facing_Ali_102,_124-110">[105]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111">[f]</a></sup>
</p><p>In a 2008 interview, Frazier stated he had forgiven Ali, but was unable to comment on whether Ali's present condition was due to divine punishment, as he had earlier stated, since "God works in a mysterious way."<sup id="cite_ref-Telegraph_Higginbotham_112-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Telegraph_Higginbotham-112">[106]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 2011, on the eve of the 40th anniversary of his first fight with Ali, and the year of his death, Frazier reiterated that he had forgiven Ali.<sup id="cite_ref-HC_Jacobs_106-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HC_Jacobs-106">[102]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113">[g]</a></sup> Frazier's funeral service was attended by Ali who reportedly stood and clapped vigorously when the Rev. <a href="/wiki/Jesse_Jackson" title="Jesse Jackson">Jesse Jackson</a> asked the mourners to stand and bring their hands together one last time for Frazier.<sup id="cite_ref-NYP_AP_2011_114-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYP_AP_2011-114">[107]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Titles_in_boxing">Titles in boxing</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Titles in boxing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boxing_light-heavyweight_1960_Olympics.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Boxing_light-heavyweight_1960_Olympics.jpg/220px-Boxing_light-heavyweight_1960_Olympics.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Boxing_light-heavyweight_1960_Olympics.jpg/330px-Boxing_light-heavyweight_1960_Olympics.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Boxing_light-heavyweight_1960_Olympics.jpg/440px-Boxing_light-heavyweight_1960_Olympics.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3516" data-file-height="2703" /></a><figcaption>Cassius Clay, later Muhammad Ali, (second from right) at the <a href="/wiki/1960_Summer_Olympics" title="1960 Summer Olympics">1960 Olympics</a></figcaption></figure>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Major_world_titles">Major world titles</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Major world titles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_WBA_world_champions#Heavyweight" title="List of WBA world champions">WBA heavyweight champion</a> (4×)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/List_of_WBC_world_champions#Heavyweight" title="List of WBC world champions">WBC heavyweight champion</a> (2×)</li></ul>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Other_world_titles">Other world titles</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Other world titles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<h4><span class="mw-headline" id="The_Ring_magazine_titles"><i>The Ring</i> magazine titles</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: The Ring magazine titles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h4>
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_The_Ring_world_champions#Heavyweight" title="List of The Ring world champions"><i>The Ring</i> heavyweight champion</a> (3×)</li></ul>
<h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Lineal_titles">Lineal titles</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Lineal titles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h4>
<ul><li>Lineal heavyweight champion (3×)<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115">[108]</a></sup></li></ul>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Regional_titles">Regional titles</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Regional titles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NABF_champions#Heavyweight" title="List of NABF champions">NABF heavyweight champion</a> (3×)</li></ul>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Amateur_titles">Amateur titles</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Amateur titles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics" title="Boxing at the 1960 Summer Olympics">Olympic</a> <a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">light heavyweight champion</a> (gold medal, 1960)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Amateur_Athletic_Union" title="Amateur Athletic Union">AAU</a> national champion (2×)</li>
<li>National <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gloves" title="Golden Gloves">Golden Gloves</a> champion (2×)</li>
<li>Kentucky Golden Gloves champion (6×)</li></ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Accolades">Accolades</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Accolades"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Boxing_Hall_of_Fame" title="International Boxing Hall of Fame">International Boxing Hall of Fame</a><sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116">[109]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated#Sportsman_of_the_Century" title="Sports Illustrated"><i>Sports Illustrated</i> Sportsman of the Century</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Sports_Personality_of_the_Century" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Sports Personality of the Century">BBC Sports Personality of the Century</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cold_Spring_Harbor_Laboratory" title="Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory">CSHL</a> <a href="/wiki/Double_Helix_Medal" title="Double Helix Medal">Double Helix Medal Honoree</a></li>
<li>Martin Luther King Memorial Award</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Citizens_Medal" title="Presidential Citizens Medal">Presidential Citizens Medal</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom" title="Presidential Medal of Freedom">Presidential Medal of Freedom</a><sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117">[110]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Hahn_Peace_Medal" title="Otto Hahn Peace Medal">Otto Hahn Peace Medal</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Walk_of_Fame" title="Hollywood Walk of Fame">Hollywood Walk of Fame</a><sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118">[111]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Liberty_Medal" class="mw-redirect" title="Philadelphia Liberty Medal">Philadelphia Liberty Medal</a><sup id="cite_ref-Liberty_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Liberty-119">[112]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sky_120-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sky-120">[113]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated_Sportsperson_of_the_Year" title="Sports Illustrated Sportsperson of the Year"><i>Sports Illustrated</i> Sportsman of the Year</a> (1974)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press_Athlete_of_the_Year" title="Associated Press Athlete of the Year">Athlete of the Year</a> (1974)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/United_Press_International_Athlete_of_the_Year_Award" title="United Press International Athlete of the Year Award">United Press International Athlete of the Year Award</a> (1974)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/BWAA_Fighter_of_the_Year" class="mw-redirect" title="BWAA Fighter of the Year">BWAA Fighter of the Year</a> (3×)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/The_Ring_magazine_Fighter_of_the_Year" title="The Ring magazine Fighter of the Year"><i>The Ring</i> Fighter of the Year</a> (6×)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/The_Ring_magazine_Fight_of_the_Year" title="The Ring magazine Fight of the Year"><i>The Ring</i> Fight of the Year</a> (6×)</li></ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Professional_boxing_record">Professional boxing record</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Professional boxing record"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<table class="wikitable mw-collapsible">
<tbody><tr>
<th>61 fights
</th>
<th>56 wins
</th>
<th>5 losses
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th style="text-align:left;">By knockout
</th>
<td align="center" style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">37
</td>
<td align="center" style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">1
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th style="text-align:left;">By decision
</th>
<td align="center" style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">19
</td>
<td align="center" style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">4
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center">
<tbody><tr>
<th><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr>
</th>
<th>Result
</th>
<th>Record
</th>
<th>Opponent
</th>
<th>Type
</th>
<th>Round, time
</th>
<th>Date
</th>
<th>Age
</th>
<th>Location
</th>
<th>Notes
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>61
</td>
<td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Loss
</td>
<td>56–5
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Trevor_Berbick" title="Trevor Berbick">Trevor Berbick</a>
</td>
<td>UD
</td>
<td>10
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Drama_in_Bahama" class="mw-redirect" title="Drama in Bahama">Dec 11, 1981</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">39 years, 328 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Queen Elizabeth Sports Centre, <a href="/wiki/Nassau,_Bahamas" title="Nassau, Bahamas">Nassau</a>, Bahamas</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>60
</td>
<td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Loss
</td>
<td>56–4
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Larry_Holmes" title="Larry Holmes">Larry Holmes</a>
</td>
<td>RTD
</td>
<td>10 (15), <span style="font-size:85%;">3:00</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Larry_Holmes_vs._Muhammad_Ali" title="Larry Holmes vs. Muhammad Ali">Oct 2, 1980</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">38 years, 259 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Caesars_Palace" title="Caesars Palace">Caesars Palace</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paradise,_Nevada" title="Paradise, Nevada">Paradise, Nevada</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">For WBC and vacant <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight titles</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>59
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>56–3
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Leon_Spinks" title="Leon Spinks">Leon Spinks</a>
</td>
<td>UD
</td>
<td>15
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Leon_Spinks_vs._Muhammad_Ali_II" title="Leon Spinks vs. Muhammad Ali II">Sep 15, 1978</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">36 years, 241 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Superdome" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercedes-Benz Superdome">Superdome</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a>, Louisiana, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Won WBA and <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight titles</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>58
</td>
<td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Loss
</td>
<td>55–3
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Leon_Spinks" title="Leon Spinks">Leon Spinks</a>
</td>
<td>SD
</td>
<td>15
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Leon_Spinks" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Leon Spinks">Feb 15, 1978</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">36 years, 29 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas_Hilton" class="mw-redirect" title="Las Vegas Hilton">Las Vegas Hilton</a>, Winchester, Nevada, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Lost WBA, WBC, and <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight titles</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>57
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>55–2
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Earnie_Shavers" title="Earnie Shavers">Earnie Shavers</a>
</td>
<td>UD
</td>
<td>15
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Earnie_Shavers" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Earnie Shavers">Sep 29, 1977</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">35 years, 255 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Madison_Square_Garden" title="Madison Square Garden">Madison Square Garden</a>, New York City, New York, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Retained WBA, WBC, and <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight titles</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>56
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>54–2
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Evangelista" title="Alfredo Evangelista">Alfredo Evangelista</a>
</td>
<td>UD
</td>
<td>15
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Alfredo_Evangelista" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Alfredo Evangelista">May 16, 1977</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">35 years, 119 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Capital Centre, Landover, Maryland, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Retained WBA, WBC, and <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight titles</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>55
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>53–2
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ken_Norton" title="Ken Norton">Ken Norton</a>
</td>
<td>UD
</td>
<td>15
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ken_Norton_III" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Ken Norton III">Sep 28, 1976</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">34 years, 255 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Yankee_Stadium_(1923)" title="Yankee Stadium (1923)">Yankee Stadium</a>, New York City, New York, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Retained WBA, WBC, and <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight titles</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>54
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>52–2
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Dunn_(boxer)" title="Richard Dunn (boxer)">Richard Dunn</a>
</td>
<td>TKO
</td>
<td>5 (15), <span style="font-size:85%;">2:05</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Richard_Dunn" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Richard Dunn">May 24, 1976</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">34 years, 128 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Olympiahalle" title="Olympiahalle">Olympiahalle</a>, Munich, West Germany</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Retained WBA, WBC, and <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight titles</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>53
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>51–2
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Young_(boxer)" title="Jimmy Young (boxer)">Jimmy Young</a>
</td>
<td>UD
</td>
<td>15
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Jimmy_Young" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jimmy Young">Apr 30, 1976</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">34 years, 104 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Capital_Centre_(Landover,_Maryland)" title="Capital Centre (Landover, Maryland)">Capital Centre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Landover,_Maryland" title="Landover, Maryland">Landover, Maryland</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Retained WBA, WBC, and <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight titles</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>52
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>50–2
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Coopman" title="Jean-Pierre Coopman">Jean-Pierre Coopman</a>
</td>
<td>KO
</td>
<td>5 (15), <span style="font-size:85%;">2:46</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Jean-Pierre_Coopman" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jean-Pierre Coopman">Feb 20, 1976</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">34 years, 34 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Clemente_Coliseum" title="Roberto Clemente Coliseum">Roberto Clemente Coliseum</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Juan,_Puerto_Rico" title="San Juan, Puerto Rico">San Juan</a>, Puerto Rico</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Retained WBA, WBC, and <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight titles</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>51
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>49–2
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Joe Frazier</a>
</td>
<td>RTD
</td>
<td>14 (15), <span style="font-size:85%;">3:00</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Thrilla_in_Manila" title="Thrilla in Manila">Oct 1, 1975</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">33 years, 257 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Coliseum" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine Coliseum">Philippine Coliseum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quezon_City" title="Quezon City">Quezon City</a>, Philippines</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Retained WBA, WBC, and <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight titles</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>50
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>48–2
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Bugner" title="Joe Bugner">Joe Bugner</a>
</td>
<td>UD
</td>
<td>15
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Joe_Bugner" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Bugner">July 1, 1975</a><sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121">[114]</a></sup>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">33 years, 164 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Stadium_Merdeka" title="Stadium Merdeka">Stadium Merdeka</a>, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Retained WBA, WBC, and <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight titles</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>49
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>47–2
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ron_Lyle" title="Ron Lyle">Ron Lyle</a>
</td>
<td>TKO
</td>
<td>11 (15), <span style="font-size:85%;">1:08</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ron_Lyle" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Ron Lyle">May 16, 1975</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">33 years, 119 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Las Vegas Convention Center, Winchester, Nevada, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Retained WBA, WBC, and <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight titles</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>48
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>46–2
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Wepner" title="Chuck Wepner">Chuck Wepner</a>
</td>
<td>TKO
</td>
<td>15 (15), <span style="font-size:85%;">2:41</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Chuck_Wepner" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Chuck Wepner">Mar 24, 1975</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">33 years, 66 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Richfield_Coliseum" title="Richfield Coliseum">Coliseum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richfield,_Ohio" title="Richfield, Ohio">Richfield, Ohio</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Retained WBA, WBC, and <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight titles</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>47
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>45–2
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/George_Foreman" title="George Foreman">George Foreman</a>
</td>
<td>KO
</td>
<td>8 (15), <span style="font-size:85%;">2:58</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/The_Rumble_in_the_Jungle" title="The Rumble in the Jungle">Oct 30, 1974</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">32 years, 286 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Stade_du_20_Mai" class="mw-redirect" title="Stade du 20 Mai">Stade du 20 Mai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kinshasa" title="Kinshasa">Kinshasa</a>, Zaire</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Won WBA, WBC, and <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight titles</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>46
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>44–2
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Joe Frazier</a>
</td>
<td>UD
</td>
<td>12
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Joe_Frazier_II" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Frazier II">Jan 28, 1974</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">32 years, 11 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Retained NABF heavyweight title</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>45
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>43–2
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Rudie_Lubbers" class="mw-redirect" title="Rudie Lubbers">Rudie Lubbers</a>
</td>
<td>UD
</td>
<td>12
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Rudie_Lubbers" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Rudie Lubbers">Oct 20, 1973</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">31 years, 276 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Gelora_Bung_Karno_Stadium" title="Gelora Bung Karno Stadium">Gelora Bung Karno Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>, Indonesia</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>44
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>42–2
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ken_Norton" title="Ken Norton">Ken Norton</a>
</td>
<td>SD
</td>
<td>12
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Ken_Norton_vs._Muhammad_Ali_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Ken Norton vs. Muhammad Ali II">Sep 10, 1973</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">31 years, 236 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/The_Forum_(Inglewood,_California)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Forum (Inglewood, California)">The Forum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inglewood,_California" title="Inglewood, California">Inglewood, California</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Won NABF heavyweight title</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>43
</td>
<td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Loss
</td>
<td>41–2
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ken_Norton" title="Ken Norton">Ken Norton</a>
</td>
<td><abbr title="Split decision">SD</abbr>
</td>
<td>12
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ken_Norton" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Ken Norton">Mar 31, 1973</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">31 years, 73 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Pechanga_Arena" title="Pechanga Arena">Sports Arena</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Diego,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="San Diego, California">San Diego, California</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Lost NABF heavyweight title</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>42
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>41–1
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Bugner" title="Joe Bugner">Joe Bugner</a>
</td>
<td>UD
</td>
<td>12
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Joe_Bugner" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Bugner">Feb 14, 1973</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">31 years, 28 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Las Vegas Convention Center, Winchester, Nevada, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>41
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>40–1
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Foster_(boxer)" title="Bob Foster (boxer)">Bob Foster</a>
</td>
<td>KO
</td>
<td>8 (12), <span style="font-size:85%;">0:40</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Bob_Foster" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Bob Foster">Nov 21, 1972</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 309 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Sahara_Tahoe" class="mw-redirect" title="Sahara Tahoe">Sahara Tahoe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stateline,_Nevada" title="Stateline, Nevada">Stateline, Nevada</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Retained NABF heavyweight title</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>40
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>39–1
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Floyd_Patterson" title="Floyd Patterson">Floyd Patterson</a>
</td>
<td>RTD
</td>
<td>7 (12), <span style="font-size:85%;">3:00</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Floyd_Patterson_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Floyd Patterson II">Sep 20, 1972</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 247 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Retained NABF heavyweight title</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>39
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>38–1
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Alvin_Lewis_(boxer)" title="Alvin Lewis (boxer)">Alvin Lewis</a>
</td>
<td>TKO
</td>
<td>11 (12), <span style="font-size:85%;">1:15</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Al_Lewis" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Al Lewis">Jul 19, 1972</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 184 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Croke_Park" title="Croke Park">Croke Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a>, Ireland</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>38
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>37–1
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Quarry" title="Jerry Quarry">Jerry Quarry</a>
</td>
<td>TKO
</td>
<td>7 (12), <span style="font-size:85%;">0:19</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Jerry_Quarry" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jerry Quarry">Jun 27, 1972</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 162 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Las Vegas Convention Center, Winchester, Nevada, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Retained NABF heavyweight title</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>37
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>36–1
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/George_Chuvalo" title="George Chuvalo">George Chuvalo</a>
</td>
<td>UD
</td>
<td>12
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._George_Chuvalo" title="Muhammad Ali vs. George Chuvalo">May 1, 1972</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 105 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Coliseum" title="Pacific Coliseum">Pacific Coliseum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a>, British Columbia, Canada</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Retained NABF heavyweight title</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>36
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>35–1
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Mac_Foster" title="Mac Foster">Mac Foster</a>
</td>
<td>UD
</td>
<td>15
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Mac_Foster" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Mac Foster">Apr 1, 1972</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 75 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Nippon_Budokan" title="Nippon Budokan">Nippon Budokan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>, Japan</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>35
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>34–1
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Blin" title="Jürgen Blin">Jürgen Blin</a>
</td>
<td>KO
</td>
<td>7 (12), <span style="font-size:85%;">2:12</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._J%C3%BCrgen_Blin" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jürgen Blin">Dec 26, 1971</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">29 years, 343 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hallenstadion" title="Hallenstadion">Hallenstadion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich" title="Zürich">Zürich</a>, Switzerland</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>34
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>33–1
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Buster_Mathis" title="Buster Mathis">Buster Mathis</a>
</td>
<td>UD
</td>
<td>12
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Buster_Mathis" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Buster Mathis">Nov 17, 1971</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">29 years, 304 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Astrodome, Houston, Texas, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Retained NABF heavyweight title</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>33
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>32–1
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Ellis_(boxer)" title="Jimmy Ellis (boxer)">Jimmy Ellis</a>
</td>
<td>TKO
</td>
<td>12 (12), <span style="font-size:85%;">2:10</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Jimmy_Ellis" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jimmy Ellis">Jul 26, 1971</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">29 years, 190 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Astrodome, Houston, Texas, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Won vacant NABF heavyweight title</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>32
</td>
<td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Loss
</td>
<td>31–1
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Joe Frazier</a>
</td>
<td>UD
</td>
<td>15
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier_vs._Muhammad_Ali" class="mw-redirect" title="Joe Frazier vs. Muhammad Ali">Mar 8, 1971</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">29 years, 50 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">For WBA, WBC, and <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight titles</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>31
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>31–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Bonavena" title="Oscar Bonavena">Oscar Bonavena</a>
</td>
<td>TKO
</td>
<td>15 (15), <span style="font-size:85%;">2:03</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Oscar_Bonavena" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Oscar Bonavena">Dec 7, 1970</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">28 years, 324 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Won vacant <a href="/wiki/List_of_NABF_champions#Heavyweight" title="List of NABF champions">NABF heavyweight title</a></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>30
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>30–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Quarry" title="Jerry Quarry">Jerry Quarry</a>
</td>
<td>RTD
</td>
<td>3 (15), <span style="font-size:85%;">3:00</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Jerry_Quarry" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jerry Quarry">Oct 26, 1970</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">28 years, 282 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Municipal_Auditorium" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlanta Municipal Auditorium">Municipal Auditorium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atlanta,_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlanta, Georgia">Atlanta, Georgia</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>29
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>29–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Zora_Folley" title="Zora Folley">Zora Folley</a>
</td>
<td>KO
</td>
<td>7 (15), <span style="font-size:85%;">1:48</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Zora_Folley" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Zora Folley">Mar 22, 1967</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">25 years, 64 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Madison_Square_Garden_(1925)" title="Madison Square Garden (1925)">Madison Square Garden</a>, New York City, New York, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Retained WBA, WBC, NYSAC, and <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight titles</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>28
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>28–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ernie_Terrell" title="Ernie Terrell">Ernie Terrell</a>
</td>
<td>UD
</td>
<td>15
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ernie_Terrel" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Ernie Terrel">Feb 6, 1967</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">25 years, 20 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Astrodome, Houston, Texas, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Retained WBC, NYSAC, and <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight titles;<br />Won WBA heavyweight title</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>27
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>27–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Williams" title="Cleveland Williams">Cleveland Williams</a>
</td>
<td>TKO
</td>
<td>3 (15), <span style="font-size:85%;">1:08</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Cleveland_Williams" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Cleveland Williams">Nov 14, 1966</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">24 years, 301 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Astrodome" title="Astrodome">Astrodome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>, Texas, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Retained WBC, NYSAC, and <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight titles</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>26
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>26–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Karl_Mildenberger" title="Karl Mildenberger">Karl Mildenberger</a>
</td>
<td>TKO
</td>
<td>12 (15), <span style="font-size:85%;">1:30</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Karl_Mildenberger" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Karl Mildenberger">Sep 10, 1966</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">24 years, 236 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Waldstadion_(Frankfurt)" title="Waldstadion (Frankfurt)">Waldstadion</a>, Frankfurt, West Germany</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Retained WBC, NYSAC, and <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight titles</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>25
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>25–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Brian_London" title="Brian London">Brian London</a>
</td>
<td>KO
</td>
<td>3 (15), <span style="font-size:85%;">1:40</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Brian_London" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Brian London">Aug 6, 1966</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">24 years, 201 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Earls_Court_Exhibition_Centre" title="Earls Court Exhibition Centre">Earls Court Exhibition Centre</a>, London, England</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Retained WBC, NYSAC, and <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight titles</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>24
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>24–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cooper" title="Henry Cooper">Henry Cooper</a>
</td>
<td>TKO
</td>
<td>6 (15), <span style="font-size:85%;">1:38</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Henry_Cooper_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Henry Cooper II">May 21, 1966</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">24 years, 124 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Arsenal_Stadium" title="Arsenal Stadium">Arsenal Stadium</a>, London, England</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Retained WBC, NYSAC, and <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight titles</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>23
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>23–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/George_Chuvalo" title="George Chuvalo">George Chuvalo</a>
</td>
<td>UD
</td>
<td>15
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._George_Chuvalo" title="Muhammad Ali vs. George Chuvalo">Mar 29, 1966</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">24 years, 71 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Maple_Leaf_Gardens" title="Maple Leaf Gardens">Maple Leaf Gardens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>, Canada</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Retained WBC, NYSAC, and <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight titles</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>22
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>22–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Floyd_Patterson" title="Floyd Patterson">Floyd Patterson</a>
</td>
<td>TKO
</td>
<td>12 (15), <span style="font-size:85%;">2:18</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Floyd_Patterson" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Floyd Patterson">Nov 22, 1965</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">23 years, 309 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Las Vegas Convention Center, Winchester, Nevada, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Retained WBC, NYSAC, and <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight titles</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>21
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>21–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Liston" title="Sonny Liston">Sonny Liston</a>
</td>
<td>KO
</td>
<td>1 (15), <span style="font-size:85%;">2:12</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Sonny_Liston#Ali_vs._Liston_II" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Sonny Liston">May 25, 1965</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">23 years, 128 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Androscoggin_Bank_Colis%C3%A9e" class="mw-redirect" title="Androscoggin Bank Colisée">Civic Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lewiston,_Maine" title="Lewiston, Maine">Lewiston, Maine</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Retained WBC, NYSAC, and <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight titles</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>20
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>20–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Liston" title="Sonny Liston">Sonny Liston</a>
</td>
<td>RTD
</td>
<td>6 (15), <span style="font-size:85%;">3:00</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Liston_vs._Cassius_Clay" class="mw-redirect" title="Sonny Liston vs. Cassius Clay">Feb 25, 1964</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">22 years, 39 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Convention Center, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Won <a href="/wiki/List_of_WBA_world_champions#Heavyweight" title="List of WBA world champions">WBA</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_WBC_world_champions#Heavyweight" title="List of WBC world champions">WBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/NYSAC" class="mw-redirect" title="NYSAC">NYSAC</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_The_Ring_world_champions#Heavyweight" title="List of The Ring world champions"><i>The Ring</i> heavyweight titles</a></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>19
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>19–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cooper" title="Henry Cooper">Henry Cooper</a>
</td>
<td>TKO
</td>
<td>5 (10), <span style="font-size:85%;">2:15</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Henry_Cooper" class="mw-redirect" title="Cassius Clay vs. Henry Cooper">Jun 18, 1963</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">21 years, 152 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Wembley_Stadium_(1923)" title="Wembley Stadium (1923)">Wembley Stadium</a>, London, England</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>18
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>18–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Doug_Jones_(boxer)" title="Doug Jones (boxer)">Doug Jones</a>
</td>
<td>UD
</td>
<td>10
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Doug_Jones" title="Cassius Clay vs. Doug Jones">Mar 13, 1963</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">21 years, 55 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>17
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>17–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Powell" title="Charlie Powell">Charlie Powell</a>
</td>
<td>KO
</td>
<td>3 (10), <span style="font-size:85%;">2:04</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Charlie_Powell" title="Cassius Clay vs. Charlie Powell">Jan 24, 1963</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">21 years, 7 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Civic_Arena_(Pittsburgh)" title="Civic Arena (Pittsburgh)">Civic Arena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh,_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania">Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>16
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>16–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Archie_Moore" title="Archie Moore">Archie Moore</a>
</td>
<td>TKO
</td>
<td>4 (10), <span style="font-size:85%;">1:35</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Archie_Moore" title="Cassius Clay vs. Archie Moore">Nov 15, 1962</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">20 years, 302 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Memorial Sports Arena, Los Angeles, California, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>15
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>15–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Alejandro Lavorante
</td>
<td>KO
</td>
<td>5 (10), <span style="font-size:85%;">1:48</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Alejandro_Lavorante" title="Cassius Clay vs. Alejandro Lavorante">Jul 20, 1962</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">20 years, 184 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Memorial Sports Arena, Los Angeles, California, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>14
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>14–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Billy Daniels
</td>
<td>TKO
</td>
<td>7 (10), <span style="font-size:85%;">2:21</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Billy_Daniels" title="Cassius Clay vs. Billy Daniels">May 19, 1962</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">20 years, 122 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/St._Nicholas_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Nicholas Arena">St. Nicholas Arena</a>, New York City, New York, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>13
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>13–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">George Logan
</td>
<td>TKO
</td>
<td>4 (10), <span style="font-size:85%;">1:34</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._George_Logan" title="Cassius Clay vs. George Logan">Apr 23, 1962</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">20 years, 96 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Memorial_Sports_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Memorial Sports Arena">Memorial Sports Arena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles, California">Los Angeles, California</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>12
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>12–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Don Warner
</td>
<td>TKO
</td>
<td>4 (10), <span style="font-size:85%;">0:34</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Don_Warner" title="Cassius Clay vs. Don Warner">Feb 28, 1962</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">20 years, 70 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Convention Center, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>11
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>11–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Banks" title="Sonny Banks">Sonny Banks</a>
</td>
<td>TKO
</td>
<td>4 (10), <span style="font-size:85%;">0:26</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Sonny_Banks" title="Cassius Clay vs. Sonny Banks">Feb 10, 1962</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">20 years, 24 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Madison Square Garden, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City,_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="New York City, New York">New York City, New York</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>10
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>10–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Willi_Besmanoff" title="Willi Besmanoff">Willi Besmanoff</a>
</td>
<td>TKO
</td>
<td>7 (10), <span style="font-size:85%;">1:55</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Willi_Besmanoff" title="Cassius Clay vs. Willi Besmanoff">Nov 29, 1961</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">19 years, 316 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Freedom Hall, Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>9
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>9–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Alex Miteff
</td>
<td>TKO
</td>
<td>6 (10), <span style="font-size:85%;">1:45</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Alex_Miteff" title="Cassius Clay vs. Alex Miteff">Oct 7, 1961</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">19 years, 263 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Freedom Hall, Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>8
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>8–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Alonzo Johnson
</td>
<td>UD
</td>
<td>10
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Alonzo_Johnson" title="Cassius Clay vs. Alonzo Johnson">Jul 22, 1961</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">19 years, 186 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Freedom Hall, Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>7
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>7–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Duke Sabedong
</td>
<td>UD
</td>
<td>10
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Duke_Sabedong" title="Cassius Clay vs. Duke Sabedong">Jun 26, 1961</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">19 years, 160 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas_Convention_Center" title="Las Vegas Convention Center">Las Vegas Convention Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Winchester,_Nevada" title="Winchester, Nevada">Winchester, Nevada</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>6
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>6–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/LaMar_Clark" title="LaMar Clark">LaMar Clark</a>
</td>
<td>KO
</td>
<td>2 (8), <span style="font-size:85%;">1:27</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Lamar_Clark" title="Cassius Clay vs. Lamar Clark">Apr 19, 1961</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">19 years, 92 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Freedom Hall, Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>5
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>5–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Donnie Fleeman
</td>
<td><abbr title="Corner retirement">RTD</abbr>
</td>
<td>6 (8)
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Donnie_Fleeman" title="Cassius Clay vs. Donnie Fleeman">Feb 21, 1961</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">19 years, 35 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Municipal Auditorium, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>4
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>4–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Robinson_(boxer)" title="Jim Robinson (boxer)">Jim Robinson</a>
</td>
<td><abbr title="Knockout">KO</abbr>
</td>
<td>1 (8), <span style="font-size:85%;">1:34</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Jim_Robinson" title="Cassius Clay vs. Jim Robinson">Feb 7, 1961</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">19 years, 21 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Miami_Beach_Convention_Center" title="Miami Beach Convention Center">Convention Center</a>, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>3
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>3–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Tony Esperti
</td>
<td>TKO
</td>
<td>3 (8), <span style="font-size:85%;">1:30</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Tony_Esperti" title="Cassius Clay vs. Tony Esperti">Jan 17, 1961</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">19 years, 0 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Municipal Auditorium, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>2
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>2–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Herb_Siler" title="Herb Siler">Herb Siler</a>
</td>
<td><abbr title="Technical knockout">TKO</abbr>
</td>
<td>4 (8), <span style="font-size:85%;">1:00</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Herb_Siler" title="Cassius Clay vs. Herb Siler">Dec 27, 1960</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">18 years, 345 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Miami_Beach_Municipal_Auditorium" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami Beach Municipal Auditorium">Municipal Auditorium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miami_Beach,_Florida" title="Miami Beach, Florida">Miami Beach, Florida</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>1
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>1–0
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Tunney_Hunsaker" title="Tunney Hunsaker">Tunney Hunsaker</a>
</td>
<td><abbr title="Unanimous decision">UD</abbr>
</td>
<td>6
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Tunney_Hunsaker" title="Cassius Clay vs. Tunney Hunsaker">Oct 29, 1960</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">18 years, 286 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Hall" title="Freedom Hall">Freedom Hall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville, Kentucky</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Exhibition_boxing_record">Exhibition boxing record</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Exhibition boxing record"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1097763485">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}</style><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width: auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/20px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/30px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text" style="width: auto;"><div class="mbox-text-span">This list is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Incomplete_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">incomplete</a>; you can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit">adding missing items</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2021</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p><i>The following list does not include matches in which the opponent's name, location or exact date is unknown such as the one that took place in <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> against Alonzo Johnson and Giorgio Bambini around 1971, his knockout victory over Alonzo Johnson in <a href="/wiki/Doha" title="Doha">Doha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a> in 1971 (before The Fight of the Century), his two ten-round exhibitions against Roy "Tiger" Williams at <a href="/wiki/Deer_Lake,_Pennsylvania" title="Deer Lake, Pennsylvania">Deer Lake</a> in early 1975, his six-round exhibition on April 26, 1975 in <a href="/wiki/Orlando" class="mw-redirect" title="Orlando">Orlando</a>, <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>, and the one that took place in <a href="/wiki/Casablanca" title="Casablanca">Casablanca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a> around 1979.</i> Exhibition contests do not count on a professional or amateur boxer's official record.
</p>
<table class="wikitable mw-collapsible">
<tbody><tr>
<th>105 fights
</th>
<th>2 wins
</th>
<th>3 losses
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th style="text-align:left;">By knockout
</th>
<td align="center" style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">1
</td>
<td align="center" style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">3
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th style="text-align:left;">By decision
</th>
<td align="center" style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">1
</td>
<td align="center" style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">0
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th style="text-align:left;">Draws
</th>
<td style="background:#C5D2EA;text-align:center" colspan="2">2
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th style="text-align:left;">Non-scored
</th>
<td style="background:#ECECEC;text-align:center" colspan="2">98
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center">
<tbody><tr>
<th><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr>
</th>
<th>Result
</th>
<th>Record
</th>
<th>Opponent
</th>
<th>Type
</th>
<th>Round, time
</th>
<th>Date
</th>
<th>Age
</th>
<th>Location
</th>
<th>Notes
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>105
</td>
<td style="background:#CDE; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-draw">Draw
</td>
<td>2–3–2 <span style="font-size:85%;">(98)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Dave_Semenko" title="Dave Semenko">Dave Semenko</a>
</td>
<td>PTS
</td>
<td>3
</td>
<td>Jun 12, 1983
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">41 years, 146 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Northlands_Coliseum" title="Northlands Coliseum">Northlands Coliseum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edmonton" title="Edmonton">Edmonton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alberta" title="Alberta">Alberta</a>, Canada</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>104
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(98)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Reiner Hartner
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>?
</td>
<td>Dec 4, 1982
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">40 years, 321 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Al_Maktoum_Stadium" title="Al Maktoum Stadium">Al Maktoum Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dubai" title="Dubai">Dubai</a>, U.A.E.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>103
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(97)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Ellis_(boxer)" title="Jimmy Ellis (boxer)">Jimmy Ellis</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>?
</td>
<td>Dec 1, 1982
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">40 years, 318 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Zayed_Sports_City_Stadium" title="Zayed Sports City Stadium">Sheikh Zayed Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abu_Dhabi" title="Abu Dhabi">Abu Dhabi</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.A.E." class="mw-redirect" title="U.A.E.">U.A.E.</a></span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>102
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(96)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Ellis_(boxer)" title="Jimmy Ellis (boxer)">Jimmy Ellis</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>5
</td>
<td>Jan 31, 1980
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">38 years, 14 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Madras" class="mw-redirect" title="Madras">Madras</a>, India</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>101
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(95)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kaur_Singh" title="Kaur Singh">Kaur Singh</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>4
</td>
<td>Jan 27, 1980
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">38 years, 10 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Major_Dhyan_Chand_National_Stadium" title="Major Dhyan Chand National Stadium">National Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>100
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(94)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Lyle_Alzado" title="Lyle Alzado">Lyle Alzado</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>8
</td>
<td>Jul 14, 1979
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">37 years, 178 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Mile_High_Stadium" title="Mile High Stadium">Mile High Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>99
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(93)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_F._X._Smith" title="Thomas F. X. Smith">Thomas F. X. Smith</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Jun 29, 1979
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">37 years, 163 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Jersey_City_Armory" title="Jersey City Armory">Jersey City Armory</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jersey_City,_New_Jersey" title="Jersey City, New Jersey">Jersey City, New Jersey</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>98
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(92)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Brendan_Byrne" title="Brendan Byrne">Brendan Byrne</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Jun 29, 1979
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">37 years, 163 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Jersey_City_Armory" title="Jersey City Armory">Jersey City Armory</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jersey_City,_New_Jersey" title="Jersey City, New Jersey">Jersey City, New Jersey</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>97
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(91)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Ellis_(boxer)" title="Jimmy Ellis (boxer)">Jimmy Ellis</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>5
</td>
<td>Jun 7, 1979
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">37 years, 141 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Odeon" title="Birmingham Odeon">Odeon Theatre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Birmingham" title="Birmingham">Birmingham</a>, England</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>96
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(90)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Karl_Mildenberger" title="Karl Mildenberger">Karl Mildenberger</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Jun 4, 1979
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">37 years, 138 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Grugahalle" title="Grugahalle">Grugahalle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Essen" title="Essen">Essen</a>, West Germany</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>95
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(89)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Georg Butzbach
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>3
</td>
<td>Jun 4, 1979
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">37 years, 138 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Grugahalle" title="Grugahalle">Grugahalle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Essen" title="Essen">Essen</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a></span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>94
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(88)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/John_L._Gardner_(boxer)" title="John L. Gardner (boxer)">John L. Gardner</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>4
</td>
<td>May 29, 1979
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">37 years, 132 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Albert_Hall" title="Royal Albert Hall">Royal Albert Hall</a>, London, England</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>93
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(87)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Ellis_(boxer)" title="Jimmy Ellis (boxer)">Jimmy Ellis</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>5
</td>
<td>May 27, 1979
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">37 years, 130 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Arena_Randers" title="Arena Randers">Randershallen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Randers" title="Randers">Randers</a>, Denmark</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>92
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(86)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Alonzo Johnson
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>5
</td>
<td>May 27, 1979
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">37 years, 130 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Arena_Randers" title="Arena Randers">Randershallen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Randers" title="Randers">Randers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a></span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>91
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(85)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Ellis_(boxer)" title="Jimmy Ellis (boxer)">Jimmy Ellis</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Mar 12, 1979
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">37 years, 54 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Providence_Civic_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Providence Civic Center">Providence Civic Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Providence,_Rhode_Island" title="Providence, Rhode Island">Providence, Rhode Island</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>90
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(84)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Alonzo Johnson
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Mar 12, 1979
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">37 years, 54 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Providence_Civic_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Providence Civic Center">Providence Civic Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Providence,_Rhode_Island" title="Providence, Rhode Island">Providence, Rhode Island</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>89
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(83)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">John "Dino" Denis
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Mar 12, 1979
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">37 years, 54 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Providence_Civic_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Providence Civic Center">Providence Civic Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Providence,_Rhode_Island" title="Providence, Rhode Island">Providence, Rhode Island</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>88
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(82)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Luke Capuano
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>4
</td>
<td>Feb 28, 1979
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">37 years, 42 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Alumni_Hall_(DePaul_University)" title="Alumni Hall (DePaul University)">DePaul University Alumni Hall</a>, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>87
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(81)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Bugner" title="Joe Bugner">Joe Bugner</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>?
</td>
<td>Feb 8, 1979
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">37 years, 22 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Auckland" title="Auckland">Auckland</a>, New Zealand</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>86
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(80)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Ellis_(boxer)" title="Jimmy Ellis (boxer)">Jimmy Ellis</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>?
</td>
<td>Feb 8, 1979
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">37 years, 22 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Auckland" title="Auckland">Auckland</a>, New Zealand</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>85
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(79)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Igor_Vysotsky" title="Igor Vysotsky">Igor Vysotsky</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Jun 20, 1978
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">36 years, 154 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>, <a href="/wiki/RSFSR" class="mw-redirect" title="RSFSR">RSFSR</a>, U.S.S.R.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>84
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(78)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Evgeny Gorstkov
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Jun 20, 1978
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">36 years, 154 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>, <a href="/wiki/RSFSR" class="mw-redirect" title="RSFSR">RSFSR</a>, U.S.S.R.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>83
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(77)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Zayev" title="Pyotr Zayev">Pyotr Zayev</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Jun 20, 1978
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">36 years, 154 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>, <a href="/wiki/RSFSR" class="mw-redirect" title="RSFSR">RSFSR</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S.S.R." class="mw-redirect" title="U.S.S.R.">U.S.S.R.</a></span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>82
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(76)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Burt_Young" title="Burt Young">Burt Young</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>?
</td>
<td>May 8, 1978
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">36 years, 111 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Auditorium" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympic Auditorium">Olympic Auditorium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>81
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(75)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Marvin_Gaye" title="Marvin Gaye">Marvin Gaye</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>?
</td>
<td>May 8, 1978
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">36 years, 111 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Auditorium" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympic Auditorium">Olympic Auditorium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>80
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(74)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Pryor" title="Richard Pryor">Richard Pryor</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>?
</td>
<td>May 8, 1978
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">36 years, 111 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Auditorium" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympic Auditorium">Olympic Auditorium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>79
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(73)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sammy_Davis_Jr." title="Sammy Davis Jr.">Sammy Davis Jr.</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>?
</td>
<td>May 8, 1978
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">36 years, 111 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Auditorium" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympic Auditorium">Olympic Auditorium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>78
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(72)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Scott_LeDoux" title="Scott LeDoux">Scott LeDoux</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>5
</td>
<td>Dec 2, 1977
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">35 years, 319 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Auditorium_Theatre" title="Auditorium Theatre">Auditorium Theatre</a>, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>77
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(71)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Mercado" title="Bernardo Mercado">Bernardo Mercado</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>5
</td>
<td>Nov 14, 1977
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">35 years, 301 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Santamar%C3%ADa_Bullring" title="Santamaría Bullring">Santamaría Bullring</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bogot%C3%A1" title="Bogotá">Bogotá</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a></span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>76
</td>
<td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Loss
</td>
<td>2–3–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(70)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Wells" title="Bruce Wells">Bruce Wells</a>
</td>
<td>KO
</td>
<td>?
</td>
<td>Aug 12, 1977
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">35 years, 207 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/South_Shields" title="South Shields">South Shields</a>, England</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>75
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–2–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(70)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Dokes" title="Michael Dokes">Michael Dokes</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>3
</td>
<td>Apr 16, 1977
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">35 years, 89 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Miami_Beach_Convention_Center" title="Miami Beach Convention Center">Miami Beach Convention Center</a>, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>74
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–2–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(69)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Jody Ballard
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>3
</td>
<td>Apr 16, 1977
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">35 years, 89 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Miami_Beach_Convention_Center" title="Miami Beach Convention Center">Miami Beach Convention Center</a>, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>73
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–2–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(68)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Ron Drinkwater
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Jan 29, 1977
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">35 years, 12 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hynes_Convention_Center" title="Hynes Convention Center">Hynes Auditorium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>72
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–2–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(67)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Matt Ross
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Jan 29, 1977
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">35 years, 12 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hynes_Convention_Center" title="Hynes Convention Center">Hynes Auditorium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>71
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–2–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(66)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Kingston_Smith" title="Frank Kingston Smith">Frank Kingston Smith</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>1
</td>
<td>Jan 29, 1977
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">35 years, 12 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hynes_Convention_Center" title="Hynes Convention Center">Hynes Auditorium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>70
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–2–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(65)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Walter Haines
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>1
</td>
<td>Jan 29, 1977
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">35 years, 12 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hynes_Convention_Center" title="Hynes Convention Center">Hynes Auditorium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>69
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–2–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(64)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Peter Fuller
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>1
</td>
<td>Jan 29, 1977
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">35 years, 12 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hynes_Convention_Center" title="Hynes Convention Center">Hynes Auditorium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>68
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–2–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(63)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Jerry Huston Jr.
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Jan 29, 1977
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">35 years, 12 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hynes_Convention_Center" title="Hynes Convention Center">Hynes Auditorium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>67
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–2–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(62)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Larry D. Rice
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>1
</td>
<td>Jun 27, 1976
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">34 years, 162 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Camp_Casey,_South_Korea" title="Camp Casey, South Korea">Camp Casey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dongducheon" title="Dongducheon">Dongducheon</a>, South Korea</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>66
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2–2–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(61)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Gerald Noble
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>1
</td>
<td>Jun 27, 1976
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">34 years, 162 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Camp_Casey,_South_Korea" title="Camp Casey, South Korea">Camp Casey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dongducheon" title="Dongducheon">Dongducheon</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>65
</td>
<td style="background:#CDE; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-draw">Draw
</td>
<td>2–2–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(60)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Inoki" title="Antonio Inoki">Antonio Inoki</a>
</td>
<td>PTS
</td>
<td>15
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Antonio_Inoki" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Antonio Inoki">Jun 25, 1976</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">34 years, 160 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Nippon_Budokan" title="Nippon Budokan">Nippon Budokan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Under special "boxing-wrestling" rules</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>64
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>2–2 <span style="font-size:85%;">(60)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Wolff" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddy Wolff">Buddy Wolff</a>
</td>
<td>PTS
</td>
<td>3
</td>
<td>Jun 10, 1976
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">34 years, 145 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">International Amphitheater, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">"Boxer vs. Wrestler"</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>63
</td>
<td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Win
</td>
<td>1–2 <span style="font-size:85%;">(60)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kenny_Jay" title="Kenny Jay">Kenny Jay</a>
</td>
<td>KO
</td>
<td>2 (3) <span style="font-size:85%;">1:29</span>
</td>
<td>Jun 10, 1976
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">34 years, 145 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/International_Amphitheater" class="mw-redirect" title="International Amphitheater">International Amphitheater</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">"Boxer vs. Wrestler"</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>62
</td>
<td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Loss
</td>
<td>0–2 <span style="font-size:85%;">(60)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Miguel_Agrelot" title="José Miguel Agrelot">José Miguel Agrelot</a>
</td>
<td>KO
</td>
<td>?
</td>
<td>Feb 6, 1976
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">34 years, 20 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Cancha Pepin Cestero, <a href="/wiki/Bayam%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Bayamón">Bayamón</a>, Puerto Rico</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>61
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(60)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Clifford "Randy" Stephens
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>3
</td>
<td>Dec 6, 1975
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">33 years, 323 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas</a>, Texas, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>60
</td>
<td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Loss
</td>
<td>0–1 <span style="font-size:85%;">(59)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Bill Cunningham
</td>
<td>KO
</td>
<td>? (2)
</td>
<td>Jun 6, 1975
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">33 years, 140 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Olympia_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympia Stadium">Olympia Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>59
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(59)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Robert Blackwell
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Jun 6, 1975
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">33 years, 140 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Olympia_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympia Stadium">Olympia Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>58
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(58)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Johnny Hudson
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>3
</td>
<td>Jun 6, 1975
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">33 years, 140 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Olympia_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympia Stadium">Olympia Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>57
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(57)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Boston Almon
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>1
</td>
<td>Jun 6, 1975
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">33 years, 140 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Olympia_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympia Stadium">Olympia Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>56
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(56)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Ron Gentry
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Jun 6, 1975
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">33 years, 140 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Olympia_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympia Stadium">Olympia Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>55
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(55)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Bugner" title="Joe Bugner">Joe Bugner</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>?
</td>
<td>Dec 3, 1974
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">32 years, 320 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Albert_Hall" title="Royal Albert Hall">Royal Albert Hall</a>, London, England</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>54
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(54)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Roy "Cookie" Wallace
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>4
</td>
<td>Feb 23, 1973
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">31 years, 37 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Moody_Coliseum" title="Moody Coliseum">Moody Coliseum</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_Park,_Texas" title="University Park, Texas">University Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>53
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(53)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Alonzo Johnson
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Nov 28, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 316 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Salem_Civic_Center" title="Salem Civic Center">Salem-Roanoke Valley Civic Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salem,_Virginia" title="Salem, Virginia">Salem, Virginia</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>52
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(52)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">John Jordan
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Nov 28, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 316 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Salem_Civic_Center" title="Salem Civic Center">Salem-Roanoke Valley Civic Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salem,_Virginia" title="Salem, Virginia">Salem, Virginia</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>51
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(51)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Jimmy Wingfield
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Nov 28, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 316 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Salem_Civic_Center" title="Salem Civic Center">Salem-Roanoke Valley Civic Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salem,_Virginia" title="Salem, Virginia">Salem, Virginia</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>50
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(50)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Charlie Boston
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Nov 28, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 316 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Salem_Civic_Center" title="Salem Civic Center">Salem-Roanoke Valley Civic Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salem,_Virginia" title="Salem, Virginia">Salem, Virginia</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>49
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(49)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Paul Raymond
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Oct 11, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 268 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Boston_Garden" title="Boston Garden">Boston Garden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>48
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(48)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ray_Anderson_(boxer)" title="Ray Anderson (boxer)">Ray Anderson</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Oct 11, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 268 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Boston Garden, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>47
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(47)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Doug Kirk
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Oct 11, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 268 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Boston Garden, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>46
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(46)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Cliff McDonald
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Oct 11, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 268 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Boston Garden, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>45
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(45)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">John "Dino" Denis
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Oct 11, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 268 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Boston_Garden" title="Boston Garden">Boston Garden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boston,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston, Massachusetts">Boston, Massachusetts</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>44
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(44)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Gary_Dee" title="Gary Dee">Gary Dee</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>1
</td>
<td>Aug 28, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 224 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Cleveland Arena, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>43
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(43)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Rodney Greene
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>1
</td>
<td>Aug 28, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 224 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Cleveland Arena, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>42
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(42)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Terry Daniels
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Aug 28, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 224 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Cleveland Arena, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>41
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(41)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Amos Johnson
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Aug 28, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 224 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Cleveland Arena, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>40
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(40)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Alonzo Johnson
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Aug 28, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 224 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Arena" title="Cleveland Arena">Cleveland Arena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cleveland,_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleveland, Ohio">Cleveland, Ohio</a> U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>39
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(39)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ray_Anderson_(boxer)" title="Ray Anderson (boxer)">Ray Anderson</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Aug 24, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 220 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Civic_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore Civic Center">Baltimore Civic Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baltimore,_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore, Maryland">Baltimore, Maryland</a> U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>38
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(38)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Alonzo Johnson
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Aug 24, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 220 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Civic_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore Civic Center">Baltimore Civic Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baltimore,_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore, Maryland">Baltimore, Maryland</a> U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>37
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(37)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Gregorio_Peralta" title="Gregorio Peralta">Gregorio Peralta</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>8
</td>
<td>Aug 1, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 197 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/La_Monumental" title="La Monumental">La Monumental</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>36
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(36)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Ba Sounkalo
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>8
</td>
<td>Jul 29, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 194 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Casablanca" title="Casablanca">Casablanca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>35
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(35)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Rahman_Ali" class="mw-redirect" title="Rahman Ali">Rudy Clay</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Jul 1, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 166 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Los Angeles, California, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>34
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(34)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Charley James
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Jul 1, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 166 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Los Angeles, California, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>33
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(33)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Billy Ryan
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Jul 1, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 166 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Los Angeles, California, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>32
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(32)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Eddie Jones
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Jul 1, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 166 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Los Angeles, California, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>31
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(31)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Lonnie Bennett
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Jul 1, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 166 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles, California">Los Angeles, California</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>30
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(30)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Al Migliorato
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>4
</td>
<td>Feb 18, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 32 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh,_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania">Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>29
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(29)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Jeff Merritt
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>5
</td>
<td>Jan 28, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 11 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Pacific Coliseum, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>28
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(28)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Alonzo Johnson
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>5
</td>
<td>Jan 28, 1972
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">30 years, 11 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Coliseum" title="Pacific Coliseum">Pacific Coliseum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vancouver,_British_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Vancouver, British Columbia">Vancouver, British Columbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>27
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(27)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Miguel Ángel Páez
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>5
</td>
<td>Nov 6, 1971
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">29 years, 293 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Atlanta Court, Buenos Aires, Argentina</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>26
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(26)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">James Summerville
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>5
</td>
<td>Nov 6, 1971
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">29 years, 293 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Estadio_Don_Le%C3%B3n_Kolbovski" class="mw-redirect" title="Estadio Don León Kolbovski">Atlanta Court</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buenos_Aires" title="Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a></span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>25
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(25)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Cliff Field
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Oct 19, 1971
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">29 years, 275 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Royal Albert Hall, London, England</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>24
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(24)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Graham Sines
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Oct 19, 1971
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">29 years, 275 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Royal Albert Hall, London, England</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>23
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(23)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Frankham" title="Johnny Frankham">Johnny Frankham</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Oct 19, 1971
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">29 years, 275 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Royal Albert Hall, London, England</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>22
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(22)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Alonzo Johnson
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Oct 19, 1971
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">29 years, 275 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Albert_Hall" title="Royal Albert Hall">Royal Albert Hall</a>, London, England</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>21
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(21)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Eddie Brooks
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Aug 22, 1971
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">29 years, 217 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Queen's Park Oval, Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>20
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(20)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Lancer Johnson
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>4
</td>
<td>Aug 22, 1971
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">29 years, 217 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Park_Oval" title="Queen's Park Oval">Queen's Park Oval</a>, <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Spain" title="Port of Spain">Port of Spain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>19
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(19)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Eddie Brooks
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>4
</td>
<td>Aug 21, 1971
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">29 years, 216 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Nuevo Circo, Caracas, Venezuela</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>18
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(18)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Lancer Johnson
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>4
</td>
<td>Aug 21, 1971
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">29 years, 216 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Nuevo Circo, <a href="/wiki/Caracas" title="Caracas">Caracas</a>, Venezuela</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>17
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(17)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Rufus Braswell
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>3
</td>
<td>Jun 25, 1971
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">29 years, 159 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Hara Arena, Dayton, Ohio, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>16
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(16)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Eddie Brooks
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>3
</td>
<td>Jun 25, 1971
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">29 years, 159 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Hara Arena, Dayton, Ohio, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>15
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(15)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">J.D. McCauley
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Jun 25, 1971
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">29 years, 159 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hara_Arena" title="Hara Arena">Hara Arena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dayton" class="mw-redirect" title="Dayton">Dayton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>14
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(14)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">George Hill
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Sep 2, 1970
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">28 years, 228 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Archer Hall Gymnasium, Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>13
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(13)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Johnny Hudgins
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Sep 2, 1970
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">28 years, 228 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Archer Hall Gymnasium, Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>12
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(12)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Rufus Braswell
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Sep 2, 1970
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">28 years, 228 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Archer Hall Gymnasium, <a href="/wiki/Atlanta,_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlanta, Georgia">Atlanta, Georgia</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>11
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(11)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Orvill Qualls
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>3
</td>
<td>Jun 15, 1967
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">25 years, 149 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Detroit, Michigan, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>10
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(10)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Al_%22Blue%22_Lewis" class="mw-redirect" title="Al "Blue" Lewis">Al "Blue" Lewis</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>3
</td>
<td>Jun 15, 1967
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">25 years, 149 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Detroit,_Michigan" class="mw-redirect" title="Detroit, Michigan">Detroit, Michigan</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>9
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(9)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Doug_Jones_(boxer)" title="Doug Jones (boxer)">Doug Jones</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>6
</td>
<td>Oct 27, 1966
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">24 years, 283 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Hall" title="Freedom Hall">Freedom Hall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville, Kentucky</a>, U.S.</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>8
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(8)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Cody Jones
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>4
</td>
<td>Aug 20, 1965
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">23 years, 215 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Paisley,_Renfrewshire" title="Paisley, Renfrewshire">Paisley</a>, Scotland</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>7
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(7)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Ellis_(boxer)" title="Jimmy Ellis (boxer)">Jimmy Ellis</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>4
</td>
<td>Aug 20, 1965
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">23 years, 215 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>6
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(6)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Ellis_(boxer)" title="Jimmy Ellis (boxer)">Jimmy Ellis</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Aug 16, 1965
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">23 years, 211 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Nya Ullevi, Gothenburg, Sweden</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>5
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(5)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Cody Jones
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Aug 16, 1965
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">23 years, 211 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Nya_Ullevi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nya Ullevi">Nya Ullevi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gothenburg" title="Gothenburg">Gothenburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>4
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(4)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Cody Jones
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>3
</td>
<td>Jul 31, 1965
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">23 years, 195 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">San Juan, Puerto Rico</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>3
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(3)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Ellis_(boxer)" title="Jimmy Ellis (boxer)">Jimmy Ellis</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>3
</td>
<td>Jul 31, 1965
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">23 years, 195 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/San_Juan,_Puerto_Rico" title="San Juan, Puerto Rico">San Juan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>2
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(2)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">Cody Jones
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>4
</td>
<td>Jul 28, 1965
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">23 years, 192 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">The Palace Theatre, <a href="/wiki/Belize_City" title="Belize City">Belize City</a>, British Honduras</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>1
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>0–0 <span style="font-size:85%;">(1)</span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ingemar_Johansson" title="Ingemar Johansson">Ingemar Johansson</a>
</td>
<td data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—
</td>
<td>2
</td>
<td>Feb 6, 1961
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">19 years, 20 days
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Miami_Beach" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami Beach">Miami Beach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> <a href="/wiki/U.S." class="mw-redirect" title="U.S.">U.S.</a></span>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Non-scored bout</span>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Television_viewership">Television viewership</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Television viewership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali#Television_appearances" title="Muhammad Ali">Muhammad Ali § Television appearances</a></div>
<p>Muhammad Ali's fights were some of the world's <a href="/wiki/List_of_most-watched_television_broadcasts" title="List of most-watched television broadcasts">most-watched television broadcasts</a>, setting television viewership records. Some of his most-watched fights drew an estimated 1–2 billion viewers worldwide between 1974 and 1980, and were the world's most-watched live television broadcasts at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-briefly_122-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-briefly-122">[115]</a></sup>
</p>
<table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Date</th>
<th>Fight(s)</th>
<th>Region(s)</th>
<th>Viewers</th>
<th>Source(s)
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="3"><span data-sort-value="000000001964-02-25-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">February 25, 1964</span>
</td>
<td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Liston_vs._Cassius_Clay" class="mw-redirect" title="Sonny Liston vs. Cassius Clay">Sonny Liston vs. Cassius Clay</a>
</td>
<td>Western world
</td>
<td>165,950,000
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Europe
</td>
<td>165,000,000
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123">[116]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>United States (<a href="/wiki/Pay-per-view" title="Pay-per-view">PPV</a>)
</td>
<td>950,000
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-Ezra82_124-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ezra82-124">[117]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ezra83_125-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ezra83-125">[118]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2"><span data-sort-value="000000001965-05-25-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 25, 1965</span>
</td>
<td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Sonny_Liston" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Sonny Liston">Muhammad Ali vs. Sonny Liston</a> II
</td>
<td>Worldwide
</td>
<td>80,000,000
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-mee_126-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mee-126">[119]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>United Kingdom
</td>
<td>7,000,000
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127">[120]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="3"><span data-sort-value="000000001966-05-21-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 21, 1966</span>
</td>
<td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Henry_Cooper_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Henry Cooper II">Muhammad Ali vs. Henry Cooper II</a>
</td>
<td>Worldwide
</td>
<td>200,000,000
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128">[121]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>United Kingdom
</td>
<td>21,000,000
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129">[122]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>United States
</td>
<td>20,000,000
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-haynes_130-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-haynes-130">[123]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="3"><span data-sort-value="000000001971-03-08-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 8, 1971</span>
</td>
<td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Fight_of_the_Century" title="Fight of the Century">Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Frazier (<i>Fight of the Century</i>)</a>
</td>
<td>Worldwide
</td>
<td>300,000,000
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-nzz_131-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nzz-131">[124]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>United Kingdom
</td>
<td>27,500,000
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132">[125]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a>
</td>
<td>2,000,000
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133">[126]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001973-02-14-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">February 14, 1973</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Joe_Bugner" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Bugner">Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Bugner</a>
</td>
<td>United Kingdom
</td>
<td>20,000,000
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134">[127]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2"><span data-sort-value="000000001974-10-30-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">October 30, 1974</span>
</td>
<td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/The_Rumble_in_the_Jungle" title="The Rumble in the Jungle">Muhammad Ali vs. George Foreman (<i>The Rumble in the Jungle</i>)</a>
</td>
<td>Worldwide
</td>
<td>1,000,000,000
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-usatoday_135-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usatoday-135">[128]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136">[129]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-the_guardian_137-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-the_guardian-137">[130]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138">[131]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>United Kingdom
</td>
<td>26,000,000
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139">[132]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001975-05-16-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 16, 1975</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ron_Lyle" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Ron Lyle">Muhammad Ali vs. Ron Lyle</a>
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td>50,000,000
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140">[133]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001976-02-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">February 20, 1976</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Jean-Pierre_Coopman" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jean-Pierre Coopman">Muhammad Ali vs. Jean-Pierre Coopman</a>
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td>40,000,000
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141">[134]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001976-04-30-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">April 30, 1976</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Jimmy_Young" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jimmy Young">Muhammad Ali vs. Jimmy Young</a>
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td>33,700,000
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142">[135]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001976-05-24-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 24, 1976</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Richard_Dunn" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Richard Dunn">Muhammad Ali vs. Richard Dunn</a>
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td>65,000,000
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-jet-shavers_143-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jet-shavers-143">[136]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2"><span data-sort-value="000000001976-06-26-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 26, 1976</span>
</td>
<td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Antonio_Inoki" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Antonio Inoki">Muhammad Ali vs. Antonio Inoki</a>
</td>
<td>Worldwide
</td>
<td>1,400,000,000
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144">[137]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145">[138]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Japan
</td>
<td>54,000,000
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146">[139]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001977-05-16-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 16, 1977</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Alfredo_Evangelista" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Alfredo Evangelista">Muhammad Ali vs. Alfredo Evangelista</a>
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td>50,000,000
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147">[140]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001977-09-29-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">September 29, 1977</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Earnie_Shavers" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Earnie Shavers">Muhammad Ali vs. Earnie Shavers</a>
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td>70,000,000
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-jet-shavers_143-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jet-shavers-143">[136]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001978-02-15-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">February 15, 1978</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Leon_Spinks" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Leon Spinks">Muhammad Ali vs. Leon Spinks</a>
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td>70,000,000
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148">[141]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2"><span data-sort-value="000000001978-09-27-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">September 27, 1978</span>
</td>
<td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Leon_Spinks_vs._Muhammad_Ali_II" title="Leon Spinks vs. Muhammad Ali II">Leon Spinks vs. Muhammad Ali II</a>
</td>
<td>Worldwide
</td>
<td>2,000,000,000
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-Detroit_149-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Detroit-149">[142]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-washington_post_150-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-washington_post-150">[143]</a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>United States
</td>
<td>90,000,000
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151">[144]</a></sup><span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="en" dir="ltr">Cite error: A <code><ref></code> tag is missing the closing <code></ref></code> (see the <a href="/wiki/Help:Cite_errors/Cite_error_included_ref" title="Help:Cite errors/Cite error included ref">help page</a>).</span><sup id="cite_ref-bloodyelbow_152-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bloodyelbow-152">[145]</a></sup> Most of Ali's closed-circuit telecasts were handled by his promotion company Main Bout.<sup id="cite_ref-Ezra105_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ezra105-28">[28]</a></sup> The following table lists known ticket sales/buys for Ali fights at closed-circuit venues/theaters:
<table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%">
<caption>Closed-circuit theatre television
</caption>
<tbody><tr>
<th>Date</th>
<th>Fight</th>
<th>Billing<sup id="cite_ref-eyeonthering_153-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eyeonthering-153">[146]</a></sup></th>
<th>Region(s)</th>
<th>Buys</th>
<th>Revenue</th>
<th>Revenue <span style="font-size:85%;">(inflation)</span>
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001963-03-13-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 13, 1963</span>
</td>
<td>Cassius Clay vs. <a href="/wiki/Doug_Jones_(boxer)" title="Doug Jones (boxer)">Doug Jones</a>
</td>
<td><i><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Doug_Jones" title="Cassius Clay vs. Doug Jones">Clay vs. Jones</a></i>
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7005150000000000000♠">150,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154">[147]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>$500,000<sup id="cite_ref-newspapers1963_155-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newspapers1963-155">[148]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$5,000,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001964-02-25-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">February 25, 1964</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Liston" title="Sonny Liston">Sonny Liston</a> vs. Cassius Clay
</td>
<td><i><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Liston_vs._Cassius_Clay" class="mw-redirect" title="Sonny Liston vs. Cassius Clay">Greatest Fight In History</a></i>
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7005700000000000000♠">700,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-Ezra82_124-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ezra82-124">[117]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>$5,000,000<sup id="cite_ref-Ezra82_124-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ezra82-124">[117]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$49,100,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001965-05-25-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 25, 1965</span>
</td>
<td>Muhammad Ali vs. <a href="/wiki/Sonny_Liston" title="Sonny Liston">Sonny Liston</a> II
</td>
<td><i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Sonny_Liston" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Sonny Liston">Champion vs. Ex-Champion</a></i>
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7005630000000000000♠">630,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-mee_126-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mee-126">[119]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>$4,300,000<sup id="cite_ref-Ezra_156-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ezra-156">[149]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$41,600,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001965-11-22-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">November 22, 1965</span>
</td>
<td>Muhammad Ali vs. <a href="/wiki/Floyd_Patterson" title="Floyd Patterson">Floyd Patterson</a>
</td>
<td><i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Floyd_Patterson" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Floyd Patterson">Ali vs. Patterson</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157">[150]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7005500000000000000♠">500,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158">[151]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>$4,000,000<sup id="cite_ref-Ezra_156-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ezra-156">[149]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$38,700,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001966-03-29-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 29, 1966</span>
</td>
<td>Muhammad Ali vs. <a href="/wiki/George_Chuvalo" title="George Chuvalo">George Chuvalo</a>
</td>
<td><i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._George_Chuvalo" title="Muhammad Ali vs. George Chuvalo">The Second Reckoning</a></i>
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7004460000000000000♠">46,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-Ezra16_159-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ezra16-159">[152]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>$230,000<sup id="cite_ref-Ezra16_159-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ezra16-159">[152]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$2,160,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001966-05-21-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 21, 1966</span>
</td>
<td>Muhammad Ali vs. <a href="/wiki/Henry_Cooper" title="Henry Cooper">Henry Cooper</a> II
</td>
<td><i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Henry_Cooper_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Henry Cooper II">Friday Night of the Century</a></i>
</td>
<td>England
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7004400000000000000♠">40,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-Ezra114_160-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ezra114-160">[153]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>$1,500,000<sup id="cite_ref-Ezra114_160-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ezra114-160">[153]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$14,100,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001966-08-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">August 6, 1966</span>
</td>
<td>Muhammad Ali vs. <a href="/wiki/Brian_London" title="Brian London">Brian London</a>
</td>
<td><i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Brian_London" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Brian London">Ali vs. British Bulldog</a></i>
</td>
<td>England
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7004380000000000000♠">38,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161">[154]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>$300,000<sup id="cite_ref-Ezra114_160-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ezra114-160">[153]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$2,800,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001966-11-14-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">November 14, 1966</span>
</td>
<td>Muhammad Ali vs. <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Williams" title="Cleveland Williams">Cleveland Williams</a>
</td>
<td><i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Cleveland_Williams" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Cleveland Williams">Ali vs. Williams</a></i>
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7005500000000000000♠">500,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-Ezra114_160-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ezra114-160">[153]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$3,750,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-Ezra114_160-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ezra114-160">[153]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$36,300,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001967-02-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">February 6, 1967</span>
</td>
<td>Muhammad Ali vs. <a href="/wiki/Ernie_Terrell" title="Ernie Terrell">Ernie Terrell</a>
</td>
<td><i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ernie_Terrell" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Ernie Terrell">The Battle of Champions</a></i>
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7005800000000000000♠">800,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-Philadelphia_162-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Philadelphia-162">[155]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$4,000,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-Philadelphia_162-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Philadelphia-162">[155]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$37,600,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2"><span data-sort-value="000000001970-01-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 20, 1970</span>
</td>
<td rowspan="2">Muhammad Ali vs. <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Marciano" title="Rocky Marciano">Rocky Marciano</a>
</td>
<td rowspan="2"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Super_Fight" title="The Super Fight">The Super Fight</a></i>
</td>
<td>Western world
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>$5,000,000<sup id="cite_ref-Enterprise_163-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Enterprise-163">[156]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$39,200,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>United States
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7005500000000000000♠">500,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan_164-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan-164">[157]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165">[158]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>$2,500,000<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan_164-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan-164">[157]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$19,600,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001970-10-26-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">October 26, 1970</span>
</td>
<td>Muhammad Ali vs. <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Quarry" title="Jerry Quarry">Jerry Quarry</a>
</td>
<td><i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Jerry_Quarry" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jerry Quarry">Return of the Champion</a></i>
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7005630000000000000♠">630,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-166">[159]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ezra82_124-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ezra82-124">[117]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>$3,500,000<sup id="cite_ref-167" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-167">[160]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$27,500,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="3"><span data-sort-value="000000001971-03-08-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 8, 1971</span>
</td>
<td rowspan="3">Muhammad Ali vs. <a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Joe Frazier</a>
</td>
<td rowspan="3"><i><a href="/wiki/Fight_of_the_Century" title="Fight of the Century">Fight of the Century</a></i>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Anglosphere" title="Anglosphere">Anglosphere</a>
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7006259000000000000♠">2,590,000</span>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$45,750,000</span>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$300,000,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>United States
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7006250000000000000♠">2,500,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-168">[161]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$45,000,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-169" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-169">[162]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$339,000,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>London
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7004900000000000000♠">90,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-170">[163]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>$750,000<sup id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-171">[164]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$5,600,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001973-02-14-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">February 14, 1973</span>
</td>
<td>Muhammad Ali vs. <a href="/wiki/Joe_Bugner" title="Joe Bugner">Joe Bugner</a>
</td>
<td><i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Joe_Bugner" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Bugner">Fight of a Lifetime</a></i>
</td>
<td>United Kingdom
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7004300000000000000♠">30,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-Philadelphia73_172-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Philadelphia73-172">[165]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$300,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-Philadelphia73_172-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Philadelphia73-172">[165]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$2,100,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001974-01-28-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 28, 1974</span>
</td>
<td>Muhammad Ali vs. <a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Joe Frazier</a> II
</td>
<td><i><a href="/wiki/Super_Fight_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Super Fight II">Super Fight II</a></i>
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td>1,100,000<sup id="cite_ref-Lompoc_173-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lompoc-173">[166]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>$17,000,000<sup id="cite_ref-Lompoc_173-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lompoc-173">[166]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$105,000,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2"><span data-sort-value="000000001974-10-30-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">October 30, 1974</span>
</td>
<td rowspan="2">Muhammad Ali vs. <a href="/wiki/George_Foreman" title="George Foreman">George Foreman</a>
</td>
<td rowspan="2"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rumble_in_the_Jungle" title="The Rumble in the Jungle">The Rumble in the Jungle</a></i>
</td>
<td>Worldwide
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7007500000000000000♠">50,000,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-174" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-174">[167]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>$100,000,000<sup id="cite_ref-175" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-175">[168]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-176" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-176">[169]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$620,000,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>United States
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7006300000000000000♠">3,000,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-bloodyelbow_152-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bloodyelbow-152">[145]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$60,000,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-bloodyelbow_152-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bloodyelbow-152">[145]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$370,700,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001975-03-24-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 24, 1975</span>
</td>
<td>Muhammad Ali vs. <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Wepner" title="Chuck Wepner">Chuck Wepner</a>
</td>
<td><i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Chuck_Wepner" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Chuck Wepner">Chance of a Lifetime</a></i>
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7005500000000000000♠">500,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-177" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-177">[170]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>$5,000,000<sup id="cite_ref-178" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-178">[171]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$28,300,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2"><span data-sort-value="000000001975-10-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">October 1, 1975</span>
</td>
<td rowspan="2">Muhammad Ali vs. <a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Joe Frazier</a> III
</td>
<td rowspan="2"><i><a href="/wiki/Thrilla_in_Manila" title="Thrilla in Manila">Thrilla in Manila</a></i>
</td>
<td>Worldwide
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7008100000000000000♠">100,000,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-179" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-179">[172]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>$100,000,000
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$600,000,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>United States
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7006300000000000000♠">3,000,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-bloodyelbow_152-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bloodyelbow-152">[145]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$60,000,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-bloodyelbow_152-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bloodyelbow-152">[145]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$340,000,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001976-06-26-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 26, 1976</span>
</td>
<td>Muhammad Ali vs. <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Inoki" title="Antonio Inoki">Antonio Inoki</a>
</td>
<td><i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Antonio_Inoki" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Antonio Inoki">War of the Worlds</a></i>
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7006200000000000000♠">2,000,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-180" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-180">[173]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$20,000,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-181" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-181">[174]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$110,000,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001976-09-28-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">September 28, 1976</span>
</td>
<td>Muhammad Ali vs. <a href="/wiki/Ken_Norton" title="Ken Norton">Ken Norton</a> III
</td>
<td><i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ken_Norton_III" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Ken Norton III">Ali's Revenge</a></i>
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7006150000000000000♠">1,500,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-182" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-182">[175]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$33,500,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-183" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-183">[176]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-184" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-184">[177]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$179,400,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001985-03-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 31, 1985</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/WrestleMania_I" title="WrestleMania I">WrestleMania I</a>
</td>
<td><i><a href="/wiki/WrestleMania_I" title="WrestleMania I">WrestleMania</a></i>
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7006100000000000000♠">1,000,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-185" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-185">[178]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$10,000,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-186" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-186">[179]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$28,300,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th>
</th>
<th>Total sales
</th>
<th>
</th>
<th>Worldwide
</th>
<th>162,154,000
</th>
<th>$364,380,000
</th>
<th>$2,016,420,000
</th></tr></tbody></table>
<p>Professional boxing was introduced to <a href="/wiki/Pay-per-view" title="Pay-per-view">pay-per-view</a> home cable television with several Muhammad Ali fights, especially the <i><a href="/wiki/Thrilla_in_Manila" title="Thrilla in Manila">Thrilla in Manila</a></i> fight between Ali and <a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Joe Frazier</a> in 1975, which was transmitted through <a href="/wiki/HBO" title="HBO">HBO</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-askmen_187-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-askmen-187">[180]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-188" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-188">[181]</a></sup> Ali had several fights broadcast on early pay-per-view home television:
</p>
<table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%">
<caption>Pay-per-view home television
</caption>
<tbody><tr>
<th>Date</th>
<th>Fight</th>
<th>Billing<sup id="cite_ref-eyeonthering_153-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eyeonthering-153">[146]</a></sup></th>
<th>Network</th>
<th>Region(s)</th>
<th>Buys</th>
<th>Revenue</th>
<th>Revenue <span style="font-size:85%;">(inflation)</span>
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001963-03-13-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 13, 1963</span>
</td>
<td>Cassius Clay vs. <a href="/wiki/Doug_Jones_(boxer)" title="Doug Jones (boxer)">Doug Jones</a>
</td>
<td><i><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Doug_Jones" title="Cassius Clay vs. Doug Jones">Clay vs. Jones</a></i>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-newspapers1963_155-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newspapers1963-155">[148]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001964-02-25-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">February 25, 1964</span>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Liston" title="Sonny Liston">Sonny Liston</a> vs. Cassius Clay
</td>
<td><i><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Liston_vs._Cassius_Clay" class="mw-redirect" title="Sonny Liston vs. Cassius Clay">Greatest Fight In History</a></i>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/WUVN" title="WUVN">WHCT</a><sup id="cite_ref-189" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-189">[182]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7005250000000000000♠">250,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-Ezra83_125-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ezra83-125">[118]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$750,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-190" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-190">[183]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-191" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-191">[184]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$7,400,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001965-11-22-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">November 22, 1965</span>
</td>
<td>Muhammad Ali vs. <a href="/wiki/Floyd_Patterson" title="Floyd Patterson">Floyd Patterson</a>
</td>
<td><i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Floyd_Patterson" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Floyd Patterson">Ali vs. Patterson</a></i>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>$150,000<sup id="cite_ref-192" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-192">[185]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$1,500,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001966-05-21-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 21, 1966</span>
</td>
<td>Muhammad Ali vs. <a href="/wiki/Henry_Cooper" title="Henry Cooper">Henry Cooper</a> II
</td>
<td><i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Henry_Cooper_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Henry Cooper II">Friday Night of the Century</a></i>
</td>
<td>Pay TV
</td>
<td>United Kingdom
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7004400000000000000♠">40,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-haynes_130-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-haynes-130">[123]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$448,004</span><sup id="cite_ref-193" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-193">[186]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sauder_194-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sauder-194">[187]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$5,160,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001966-11-14-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">November 14, 1966</span>
</td>
<td>Muhammad Ali vs. <a href="/wiki/Ernie_Terrell" title="Ernie Terrell">Ernie Terrell</a>
</td>
<td><i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ernie_Terrell" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Ernie Terrell">The Battle of Champions</a></i>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Hartford" class="mw-redirect" title="Hartford">Hartford</a>
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-195" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-195">[188]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001975-10-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">October 1, 1975</span>
</td>
<td>Muhammad Ali vs. <a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Joe Frazier</a> III
</td>
<td><i><a href="/wiki/Thrilla_in_Manila" title="Thrilla in Manila">Thrilla in Manila</a></i>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/HBO" title="HBO">HBO</a>
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td><span data-sort-value="7005500000000000000♠">500,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-196" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-196">[189]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$10,000,000</span><sup id="cite_ref-197" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-197">[190]</a></sup>
</td>
<td><span style="white-space: nowrap">$56,600,000</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span data-sort-value="000000001981-12-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">December 11, 1981</span>
</td>
<td>Muhammad Ali vs. <a href="/wiki/Trevor_Berbick" title="Trevor Berbick">Trevor Berbick</a>
</td>
<td><i><a href="/wiki/Drama_in_Bahama" class="mw-redirect" title="Drama in Bahama">Drama in Bahama</a></i>
</td>
<td>SelectTV
</td>
<td>United States
</td>
<td><sup id="cite_ref-198" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-198">[191]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th>
</th>
<th>Total sales
</th>
<th>
</th>
<th>
</th>
<th>
</th>
<th>790,000
</th>
<th>$11,348,004
</th>
<th>$62,640,000
</th></tr></tbody></table>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
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<li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sports_icon.png/31px-Sports_icon.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sports_icon.png/47px-Sports_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sports_icon.png/62px-Sports_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="251" data-file-height="226" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Sports" title="Portal:Sports">Sports portal</a></span></li></ul>
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heavyweight_boxing_champions" class="mw-redirect" title="List of heavyweight boxing champions">List of heavyweight boxing champions</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/List_of_WBA_world_champions" title="List of WBA world champions">List of WBA world champions</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/List_of_WBC_world_champions" title="List of WBC world champions">List of WBC world champions</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/List_of_The_Ring_world_champions" title="List of The Ring world champions">List of <i>The Ring</i> world champions</a></li>
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<li><a href="/wiki/Notable_boxing_families" class="mw-redirect" title="Notable boxing families">Notable boxing families</a></li></ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Notes">Notes</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
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<div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1211633275"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>[Frazier] was harder for me than Liston or Foreman, because he had what I was vulnerable to—a good in-close left <a href="/wiki/Hook_(boxing)" title="Hook (boxing)">hook</a>. Foreman wasn't an <a href="/wiki/Infighting_(martial_arts)" title="Infighting (martial arts)">infighter</a> or a hooker. He was an <a href="/wiki/Uppercut" title="Uppercut">uppercutter</a> with a right hand and a <a href="/wiki/Jab" title="Jab">jab</a>, always looking you in the eye. Liston was scarier than Frazier, but I fought Liston when I was young. Joe stayed on me, always on my chest, and from out of nowhere he'd throw the hook. If I was young, I'd have danced for fifteen rounds, and Joe wouldn't have ever caught me. But the first time we fought, I was three-and-half years out of shape. </p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Muhammad Ali<sup id="cite_ref-Hauser_231_87-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hauser_231-87">[87]</a></sup></cite></div></blockquote></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to Dave Wolf, the reason for Frazier's hospitalization was hypertension from which he had been suffering before the fight.<sup id="cite_ref-Hauser_256_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hauser_256-94">[93]</a></sup></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Larry_Holmes" title="Larry Holmes">Larry Holmes</a> commented that instead of letting Ali's words upset him, Frazier's response to Ali calling him ignorant should have been: "Yeah, okay, I might be ignorant, but this ignorant man is going to kick your ass."Eig<sup id="cite_ref-Facing_Ali_104_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Facing_Ali_104-99">[97]</a></sup></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1211633275"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Ali asked for me to come to his dressing room before any of the press arrived. I went in there and Ali was real tired and he hugged me and apologized for what he'd said about my father before the fight. He said, 'Tell your father he's a great man'.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Marvis Frazier<sup id="cite_ref-Glory_Years_244_101-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glory_Years_244-101">[98]</a></sup></cite></div></blockquote></span>
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<li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In the 1996 press conference, Frazier stated that "[Ali] didn't like his white brothers."<sup id="cite_ref-SI_Nack_86-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI_Nack-86">[86]</a></sup> Prior to their first fight, Frazier had questioned Ali's commitment to blacks, given "a lot of guys around him are white."<sup id="cite_ref-Glory_Years_180_84-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glory_Years_180-84">[84]</a></sup></span>
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<li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In his book, Brunt notes Frazier's struggle of revealing his genuine beliefs about Ali, and being savvy, because by now he had people looking after his commercial interests, and "somebody probably had a talk with him about image and public relations and how they relate to earning potential ... Still, even the new, polished, packaged Frazier has his moments."<sup id="cite_ref-Facing_Ali_102,_124_110-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Facing_Ali_102,_124-110">[105]</a></sup></span>
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<li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In a column in the <i>Hartford Courant</i>, published the day after Frazier's death, Jeff Jacobs wrote: "I hope Smokin' Joe did [forgave Ali]. I hope he let every inch of hate go. The Greatest and The Greatest Opponent deserve to join gloves and walk together into immortality.<sup id="cite_ref-HC_Jacobs_106-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HC_Jacobs-106">[102]</a></sup></span>
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</ol></div></div>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1217336898"><div class="reflist">
</div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1217336898"><div class="reflist">
<div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-BoxRec-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BoxRec_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BoxRec_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://boxrec.com/en/boxer/180">Boxing record for Boxing career of Muhammad Ali</a> from <a href="/wiki/BoxRec" title="BoxRec">BoxRec</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(registration required)</span> . Retrieved June 5, 2016.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1215172403">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#2C882D;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://boxrec.com/en/boxer/180">"Boxing record for Muhammad Ali"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BoxRec" title="BoxRec">BoxRec</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BoxRec&rft.atitle=Boxing+record+for+Muhammad+Ali&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fboxrec.com%2Fen%2Fboxer%2F180&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-ring-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ring_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFDonelson2008" class="citation web cs1">Donelson, Tom (July 14, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boxinginsider.com/columns/was-ali-the-greatest-heavyweight/">"Was Ali the Greatest Heavyweight?"</a>. Boxinginsider.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161109171120/http://www.boxinginsider.com/columns/was-ali-the-greatest-heavyweight/">Archived</a> from the original on November 9, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Was+Ali+the+Greatest+Heavyweight%3F&rft.pub=Boxinginsider.com&rft.date=2008-07-14&rft.aulast=Donelson&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.boxinginsider.com%2Fcolumns%2Fwas-ali-the-greatest-heavyweight%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-ap-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ap_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://static.espn.go.com/boxing/news/1999/1208/221260.html">"AP Fighters of the Century list"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802053209/http://static.espn.go.com/boxing/news/1999/1208/221260.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 2, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 12,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AP+Fighters+of+the+Century+list&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstatic.espn.go.com%2Fboxing%2Fnews%2F1999%2F1208%2F221260.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-espn-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-espn_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080107172258/http://espn.go.com/boxing/fnf/981202topten.html">"Sugar Ray Robinson wins split decision from Ali"</a>. ESPN. September 6, 1999. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://espn.go.com/boxing/fnf/981202topten.html">the original</a> on January 7, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 26,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sugar+Ray+Robinson+wins+split+decision+from+Ali&rft.date=1999-09-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fespn.go.com%2Fboxing%2Ffnf%2F981202topten.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B000R7HY5K">"ESPN Classic Ringside: Top 10 Heavyweights"</a>. <i>Amazon</i>. September 25, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230225094400/https://www.amazon.com/dp/B000R7HY5K">Archived</a> from the original on February 25, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 29,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Amazon&rft.atitle=ESPN+Classic+Ringside%3A+Top+10+Heavyweights&rft.date=2007-09-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2Fdp%2FB000R7HY5K&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.upi.com/Archives/1990/04/07/Boxing-Hall-of-Fame-names-first-inductees/6244639460800/">"Boxing Hall of Fame names first inductees – UPI Archives"</a>. <i>UPI</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220131054353/https://www.upi.com/Archives/1990/04/07/Boxing-Hall-of-Fame-names-first-inductees/6244639460800/">Archived</a> from the original on January 31, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 22,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UPI&rft.atitle=Boxing+Hall+of+Fame+names+first+inductees+%E2%80%93+UPI+Archives&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.upi.com%2FArchives%2F1990%2F04%2F07%2FBoxing-Hall-of-Fame-names-first-inductees%2F6244639460800%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFCalkins2014" class="citation news cs1">Calkins, Matt (November 17, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/2014/nov/17/archie-moore-the52-boxing-heavyweight/">"Archie Moore was the KO king"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/U-T_San_Diego" class="mw-redirect" title="U-T San Diego">U-T San Diego</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160811005535/http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/2014/nov/17/archie-moore-the52-boxing-heavyweight/">Archived</a> from the original on August 11, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U-T+San+Diego&rft.atitle=Archie+Moore+was+the+KO+king&rft.date=2014-11-17&rft.aulast=Calkins&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sandiegouniontribune.com%2Fnews%2F2014%2Fnov%2F17%2Farchie-moore-the52-boxing-heavyweight%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFKrantz2008" class="citation book cs1">Krantz, Les (January 1, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mgDK3q6GWI8C"><i>Ali in Action: The Man, the Moves, the Mouth</i></a>. Globe Pequot. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781599213026" title="Special:BookSources/9781599213026"><bdi>9781599213026</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2016</span> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ali+in+Action%3A+The+Man%2C+the+Moves%2C+the+Mouth&rft.pub=Globe+Pequot&rft.date=2008-01-01&rft.isbn=9781599213026&rft.aulast=Krantz&rft.aufirst=Les&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmgDK3q6GWI8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFVelin2016" class="citation news cs1">Velin, Bob (June 4, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/2016/06/04/muhammad-ali-fight-by-fight-career/85341622/">"Fight by fight: Muhammad Ali's legendary career"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160615060046/http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/2016/06/04/muhammad-ali-fight-by-fight-career/85341622/">Archived</a> from the original on June 15, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Fight+by+fight%3A+Muhammad+Ali%27s+legendary+career&rft.date=2016-06-04&rft.aulast=Velin&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Fsports%2F2016%2F06%2F04%2Fmuhammad-ali-fight-by-fight-career%2F85341622%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Mee-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mee_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mee_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bob Mee, <i>Ali and Liston: The Boy Who Would Be King and the Ugly Bear</i>, 2011.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-SI-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SI_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SI_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFCapouya2005" class="citation magazine cs1">Capouya, John (December 12, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110603232105/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1114630/index.htm">"King Strut"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated" title="Sports Illustrated">Sports Illustrated</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1114630/index.htm">the original</a> on June 3, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 14,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=King+Strut&rft.date=2005-12-12&rft.aulast=Capouya&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsportsillustrated.cnn.com%2Fvault%2Farticle%2Fmagazine%2FMAG1114630%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-georgali-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-georgali_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-georgali_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-georgali_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFBurkholder2016" class="citation news cs1">Burkholder, Denny (June 6, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbssports.com/general/news/how-muhammad-alis-fascination-with-pro-wrestling-fueled-his-career-inspired-mma/">"How Muhammad Ali's fascination with pro wrestling fueled his career, inspired MMA"</a>. <i>CBS Sports</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220807202007/https://www.cbssports.com/general/news/how-muhammad-alis-fascination-with-pro-wrestling-fueled-his-career-inspired-mma/">Archived</a> from the original on August 7, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBS+Sports&rft.atitle=How+Muhammad+Ali%27s+fascination+with+pro+wrestling+fueled+his+career%2C+inspired+MMA&rft.date=2016-06-06&rft.aulast=Burkholder&rft.aufirst=Denny&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbssports.com%2Fgeneral%2Fnews%2Fhow-muhammad-alis-fascination-with-pro-wrestling-fueled-his-career-inspired-mma%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFIrusta2012" class="citation news cs1">Irusta, Carlos (January 17, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://espn.go.com/boxing/story/_/id/7470417/muhammad-ali-was-continues-greatest">"Dundee: Ali was, still is 'The Greatest'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. ESPN. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120119214342/http://espn.go.com/boxing/story/_/id/7470417/muhammad-ali-was-continues-greatest">Archived</a> from the original on January 19, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Dundee%3A+Ali+was%2C+still+is+%27The+Greatest%27&rft.date=2012-01-17&rft.aulast=Irusta&rft.aufirst=Carlos&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fespn.go.com%2Fboxing%2Fstory%2F_%2Fid%2F7470417%2Fmuhammad-ali-was-continues-greatest&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFHaygood2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Wil_Haygood" title="Wil Haygood">Haygood, Wil</a> (April 1, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Q_nfLUMzlM0C&pg=PA378"><i>Sweet Thunder: The Life and Times of Sugar Ray Robinson</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Review_Press" title="Chicago Review Press">Chicago Review Press</a>. p. 378. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781569768648" title="Special:BookSources/9781569768648"><bdi>9781569768648</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231031223022/https://books.google.com/books?id=Q_nfLUMzlM0C&pg=PA378#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 24,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sweet+Thunder%3A+The+Life+and+Times+of+Sugar+Ray+Robinson&rft.pages=378&rft.pub=Chicago+Review+Press&rft.date=2011-04-01&rft.isbn=9781569768648&rft.aulast=Haygood&rft.aufirst=Wil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQ_nfLUMzlM0C%26pg%3DPA378&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Liston-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Liston_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Liston_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Liston_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFLipsyte1964" class="citation news cs1">Lipsyte, Robert (February 26, 1964). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/books/98/10/25/specials/ali-upset.html">"Clay Wins Title in Seventh-Round Upset As Liston Is Halted by Shoulder Injury"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090410085134/http://www.nytimes.com/books/98/10/25/specials/ali-upset.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 10, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 27,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Clay+Wins+Title+in+Seventh-Round+Upset+As+Liston+Is+Halted+by+Shoulder+Injury&rft.date=1964-02-26&rft.aulast=Lipsyte&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fbooks%2F98%2F10%2F25%2Fspecials%2Fali-upset.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vkvoAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA147&dq=%22Liston+even+smells+like+a+bear%22">Remnick (1998), p. 147</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFSugar2003" class="citation book cs1">Sugar, Bert Randolph (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=R8hivgAACAAJ"><i>Bert Sugar on Boxing: The Best of the Sport's Most Notable Writer</i></a>. Globe Pequot. p. 196. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59228-048-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59228-048-3"><bdi>978-1-59228-048-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231103145011/https://books.google.com/books?id=R8hivgAACAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on November 3, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bert+Sugar+on+Boxing%3A+The+Best+of+the+Sport%27s+Most+Notable+Writer&rft.pages=196&rft.pub=Globe+Pequot&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-1-59228-048-3&rft.aulast=Sugar&rft.aufirst=Bert+Randolph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DR8hivgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McLeod, Kembrew, <i>Pranksters: Making Mischief in the Modern World</i>, pp. 223–4.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W4IKMX-5JLk"><i>Cassius Clay versus Sonny Liston</i></a>. <i>Theatre Network Television</i>. <a href="/wiki/ESPN_Classic" title="ESPN Classic">ESPN Classic</a>. February 25, 1964. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181203100534/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W4IKMX-5JLk">Archived</a> from the original on December 3, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2023</span> – via kumite27 (YouTube).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cassius+Clay+versus+Sonny+Liston&rft.pub=ESPN+Classic&rft.date=1964-02-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DW4IKMX-5JLk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFCuddy1964" class="citation news cs1">Cuddy, Jack (November 14, 1964). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/9544811/the_bridgeport_telegram/">"Clay Undergoes Surgery; Fight Is Off Indefinitely"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bridgeport_Telegram" class="mw-redirect" title="The Bridgeport Telegram">The Bridgeport Telegram</a></i>. p. 1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170315174456/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/9544811/the_bridgeport_telegram/">Archived</a> from the original on March 15, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 14,</span> 2017</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Bridgeport+Telegram&rft.atitle=Clay+Undergoes+Surgery%3B+Fight+Is+Off+Indefinitely&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1964-11-14&rft.aulast=Cuddy&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F9544811%2Fthe_bridgeport_telegram%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access#Free_access" title="Free to read"><img alt="Free access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></a></span></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NXYwb2C6Hec">"Muhammad Ali vs Sonny Liston I & II – Highlights (Ali Becomes World Champion & Phantom Punch Fight!)"</a>. YouTube. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180827114607/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NXYwb2C6Hec">Archived</a> from the original on August 27, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 20,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali+vs+Sonny+Liston+I+%26+II+%E2%80%93+Highlights+%28Ali+Becomes+World+Champion+%26+Phantom+Punch+Fight%21%29&rft.pub=YouTube&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DNXYwb2C6Hec&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFAnderson1992" class="citation news cs1">Anderson, Dave (January 16, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1992/01/16/sports/sports-of-the-times-on-his-50th-ali-is-still-the-greatest.html">"Sports of The Times; On His 50th, Ali Is Still 'The Greatest'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131221075405/http://www.nytimes.com/1992/01/16/sports/sports-of-the-times-on-his-50th-ali-is-still-the-greatest.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 21, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 25,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Sports+of+The+Times%3B+On+His+50th%2C+Ali+Is+Still+%27The+Greatest%27&rft.date=1992-01-16&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1992%2F01%2F16%2Fsports%2Fsports-of-the-times-on-his-50th-ali-is-still-the-greatest.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFVachss2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Vachss" title="Andrew Vachss">Vachss, Andrew</a> (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vachss.com/only_child/index.html"><i>Only Child</i></a>. Vintage. p. 89. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160527140026/http://www.vachss.com/only_child/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Only+Child&rft.pages=89&rft.pub=Vintage&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Vachss&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vachss.com%2Fonly_child%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span> Vachss further explains the way such a fix would have been engineered in <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160716221347/http://www.twotrainsrunning.com/"><i>Two Trains Running</i></a>. Pantheon. 2005. pp. 160–165, 233. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://twotrainsrunning.com/">the original</a> on July 16, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Two+Trains+Running&rft.pages=160-165%2C+233&rft.pub=Pantheon&rft.date=2005&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftwotrainsrunning.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFBelth2012" class="citation web cs1">Belth, Alex (August 27, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171108100358/http://www.sportsonearth.com/article/37158310/">"ALI-PATTERSON: THE REAL STORY"</a>. Sports on Earth. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sportsonearth.com/article/37158310/">the original</a> on November 8, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 3,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ALI-PATTERSON%3A+THE+REAL+STORY&rft.date=2012-08-27&rft.aulast=Belth&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sportsonearth.com%2Farticle%2F37158310%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200505115702/http://www.sportsonearth.com/article/37158310/the-real-story-behind-the-1965-muhammad-ali-floyd-patterson-fight">"Ali-Patterson: The Real Story"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sportsonearth.com/article/37158310/the-real-story-behind-the-1965-muhammad-ali-floyd-patterson-fight">the original</a> on May 5, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 20,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ali-Patterson%3A+The+Real+Story&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sportsonearth.com%2Farticle%2F37158310%2Fthe-real-story-behind-the-1965-muhammad-ali-floyd-patterson-fight&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFHauser2011" class="citation web cs1">Hauser, Thomes (November 4, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.toprank.com/all-news/risk-vs-reward-top-rank-innovation-boxing/">"Risk vs. Reward"</a>. <i>Top Rank Boxing</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180911114254/https://www.toprank.com/all-news/risk-vs-reward-top-rank-innovation-boxing/">Archived</a> from the original on September 11, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 17,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Top+Rank+Boxing&rft.atitle=Risk+vs.+Reward&rft.date=2011-11-04&rft.aulast=Hauser&rft.aufirst=Thomes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.toprank.com%2Fall-news%2Frisk-vs-reward-top-rank-innovation-boxing%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Ezra105-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ezra105_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ezra105_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFEzra2013" class="citation book cs1">Ezra, Michael (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DL41bsCigZcC&pg=PA105"><i>The Economic Civil Rights Movement: African Americans and the Struggle for Economic Power</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. p. 105. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781136274756" title="Special:BookSources/9781136274756"><bdi>9781136274756</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231031223028/https://books.google.com/books?id=DL41bsCigZcC&pg=PA105#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Economic+Civil+Rights+Movement%3A+African+Americans+and+the+Struggle+for+Economic+Power&rft.pages=105&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781136274756&rft.aulast=Ezra&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDL41bsCigZcC%26pg%3DPA105&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Honolulu Star-Bulletin. Honolulu, Hawaii. September 14, 1964</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFShalit1980" class="citation news cs1">Shalit, Nevin I. (July 15, 1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thecrimson.com/article/1980/7/15/muhammad-ali-losing-the-real-title/">"Muhammad Ali: Losing the Real Title"</a>. <i>The Harvard Crimson</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180915114003/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1980/7/15/muhammad-ali-losing-the-real-title/">Archived</a> from the original on September 15, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 19,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Harvard+Crimson&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali%3A+Losing+the+Real+Title&rft.date=1980-07-15&rft.aulast=Shalit&rft.aufirst=Nevin+I.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecrimson.com%2Farticle%2F1980%2F7%2F15%2Fmuhammad-ali-losing-the-real-title%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFDundeeMaule1967" class="citation magazine cs1">Dundee, Angelo; Maule, Tex (August 28, 1967). "He Could Go To Jail And Still Be Champ". <i><a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated" title="Sports Illustrated">Sports Illustrated</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=He+Could+Go+To+Jail+And+Still+Be+Champ&rft.date=1967-08-28&rft.aulast=Dundee&rft.aufirst=Angelo&rft.au=Maule%2C+Tex&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFMaule1967" class="citation magazine cs1">Maule, Tex (February 13, 1967). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130309201457/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1079523/1/index.htm">"Cruel Ali With All The Skills"</a>. <i>Sports Illustrated</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1079523/1/index.htm">the original</a> on March 9, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=Cruel+Ali+With+All+The+Skills&rft.date=1967-02-13&rft.aulast=Maule&rft.aufirst=Tex&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsportsillustrated.cnn.com%2Fvault%2Farticle%2Fmagazine%2FMAG1079523%2F1%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-greatath-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-greatath_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-greatath_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-greatath_33-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-greatath_33-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson2002" class="citation book cs1">Johnson, Rafer (February 1, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TnIAPwAACAAJ"><i>Great Athletes</i></a>. Vol. 1 (revised ed.). Salem Press. pp. 38–41. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58765-008-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58765-008-6"><bdi>978-1-58765-008-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231031223020/https://books.google.com/books?id=TnIAPwAACAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Great+Athletes&rft.pages=38-41&rft.edition=revised&rft.pub=Salem+Press&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.isbn=978-1-58765-008-6&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Rafer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTnIAPwAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Enterprise_News_Sep_2009-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Enterprise_News_Sep_2009_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Enterprise_News_Sep_2009_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enterprisenews.com/article/20090901/News/309019646">"Ali vs. Marciano: Who wins?"</a>. <i>The Enterprise</i>. September 1, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160914161353/http://www.enterprisenews.com/article/20090901/News/309019646">Archived</a> from the original on September 14, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 19,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Enterprise&rft.atitle=Ali+vs.+Marciano%3A+Who+wins%3F&rft.date=2009-09-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.enterprisenews.com%2Farticle%2F20090901%2FNews%2F309019646&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-The_Guardian_Nov_2012-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_Guardian_Nov_2012_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2012/nov/13/forgotten-story-rocky-marciano-muhammad-ali">"The forgotten story of ... the Rocky Marciano v Muhammad Ali Super Fight"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. November 13, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230725193639/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2012/nov/13/forgotten-story-rocky-marciano-muhammad-ali">Archived</a> from the original on July 25, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+forgotten+story+of+...+the+Rocky+Marciano+v+Muhammad+Ali+Super+Fight&rft.date=2012-11-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fsport%2Fblog%2F2012%2Fnov%2F13%2Fforgotten-story-rocky-marciano-muhammad-ali&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Bingham_218-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bingham_218_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFBinghamWallace2000" class="citation book cs1">Bingham, Howard; Wallace, Max (2000). <i>Muhammad Ali's Greatest Fight: Cassius Clay vs. the United States of America</i>. M. Evans. p. 218.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali%27s+Greatest+Fight%3A+Cassius+Clay+vs.+the+United+States+of+America&rft.pages=218&rft.pub=M.+Evans&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Bingham&rft.aufirst=Howard&rft.au=Wallace%2C+Max&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFBritton1971" class="citation magazine cs1">Britton, John H. (March 4, 1971). "Ga. Senator Gets TKOed By His Political 'Friends'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>". <i>Jet</i>. pp. 52–54.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jet&rft.atitle=Ga.+Senator+Gets+TKOed+By+His+Political+%27Friends%27&rft.pages=52-54&rft.date=1971-03-04&rft.aulast=Britton&rft.aufirst=John+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-cgnyrl-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cgnyrl_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://palmbeachpost.newspapers.com/image/132677737/?terms=%22Clay%2Bgranted%2BNew%2BYork%2Bring%2Blicense%22">"Clay granted New York ring license"</a></span>. <i>The Palm Beach Post</i>. Associated Press. September 15, 1970. p. B4. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160912212056/http://palmbeachpost.newspapers.com/image/132677737/?terms=%22Clay%2Bgranted%2BNew%2BYork%2Bring%2Blicense%22">Archived</a> from the original on September 12, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Palm+Beach+Post&rft.atitle=Clay+granted+New+York+ring+license&rft.pages=B4&rft.date=1970-09-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpalmbeachpost.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F132677737%2F%3Fterms%3D%2522Clay%252Bgranted%252BNew%252BYork%252Bring%252Blicense%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Hauser_2004-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hauser_2004_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hauser_2004_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hauser_2004_39-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hauser_2004_39-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hauser_2004_39-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hauser_2004_39-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hauser_2004_39-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hauser_2004_39-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hauser_2004_39-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hauser_2004_39-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHauser2012">Hauser 2012</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (August 2022)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span>
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<li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://articles.latimes.com/1989-01-15/sports/sp-979_1_wilt-s-ring-career">"Ali's Remark Ended Wilt's Ring Career"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i>. January 15, 1989. Morning Briefing. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160603030813/http://articles.latimes.com/1989-01-15/sports/sp-979_1_wilt-s-ring-career">Archived</a> from the original on June 3, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Ali%27s+Remark+Ended+Wilt%27s+Ring+Career&rft.pages=Morning+Briefing&rft.date=1989-01-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farticles.latimes.com%2F1989-01-15%2Fsports%2Fsp-979_1_wilt-s-ring-career&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFO'Reilly2016" class="citation news cs1">O'Reilly, Terry (March 3, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/radio/undertheinfluence/achilles-heel-advertising-repositioning-the-competition-1.3473631">"Achilles Heel Advertising: Repositioning the Competition"</a>. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160328021008/http://www.cbc.ca/radio/undertheinfluence/achilles-heel-advertising-repositioning-the-competition-1.3473631">Archived</a> from the original on March 28, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Achilles+Heel+Advertising%3A+Repositioning+the+Competition&rft.date=2016-03-03&rft.aulast=O%27Reilly&rft.aufirst=Terry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fradio%2Fundertheinfluence%2Fachilles-heel-advertising-repositioning-the-competition-1.3473631&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1aGHpXt_hMc">"Muhammad Ali- The Rumble In The Jungle(Interview)"</a>. YouTube. March 22, 1967. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140202235829/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1aGHpXt_hMc">Archived</a> from the original on February 2, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 3,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali-+The+Rumble+In+The+Jungle%28Interview%29&rft.pub=YouTube&rft.date=1967-03-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D1aGHpXt_hMc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dGk0R63C0eM">"Muhammad Ali Inspirational Speech (Cassius Clay Boxing Motivation)"</a>. YouTube. September 14, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130317021119/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dGk0R63C0eM">Archived</a> from the original on March 17, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 3,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali+Inspirational+Speech+%28Cassius+Clay+Boxing+Motivation%29&rft.pub=YouTube&rft.date=2012-09-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DdGk0R63C0eM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFForeman2012" class="citation magazine cs1">Foreman, George (January 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shortlist.com/entertainment/sport/george-foreman-on-ali">"George Foreman on why Muhammad Ali was so much more than a 'boxer'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/ShortList" title="ShortList">ShortList</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160611144417/http://www.shortlist.com/entertainment/sport/george-foreman-on-ali">Archived</a> from the original on June 11, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ShortList&rft.atitle=George+Foreman+on+why+Muhammad+Ali+was+so+much+more+than+a+%27boxer%27&rft.date=2012-01&rft.aulast=Foreman&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shortlist.com%2Fentertainment%2Fsport%2Fgeorge-foreman-on-ali&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFSchneiderman" class="citation web cs1">Schneiderman, R. M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/2006/08/10/rocky-stallone-settlement-cx_rs_0810autofacescan04">"Stallone Settles With The 'Real' Rocky"</a>. <i>Forbes</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190418224955/https://www.forbes.com/2006/08/10/rocky-stallone-settlement-cx_rs_0810autofacescan04">Archived</a> from the original on April 18, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 18,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=Stallone+Settles+With+The+%27Real%27+Rocky&rft.aulast=Schneiderman&rft.aufirst=R.+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2F2006%2F08%2F10%2Frocky-stallone-settlement-cx_rs_0810autofacescan04&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://boxinghalloffame.com/muhammad-ali-boxing-a-monsoon/">"Muhammad Ali Boxing a Monsoon – Boxing Hall of Fame"</a>. boxinghalloffame.com. December 29, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150916221053/http://boxinghalloffame.com/muhammad-ali-boxing-a-monsoon/">Archived</a> from the original on September 16, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 9,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali+Boxing+a+Monsoon+%E2%80%93+Boxing+Hall+of+Fame&rft.pub=boxinghalloffame.com&rft.date=2012-12-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fboxinghalloffame.com%2Fmuhammad-ali-boxing-a-monsoon%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-sweetScience-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sweetScience_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sweetScience_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sweetScience_47-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFTallent" class="citation web cs1">Tallent, Aaron. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160709012841/http://www.thesweetscience.com/articles-of-2005/1716-the-joke-that-almost-ended-ali-s-career">"The Joke That Almost Ended Ali's Career"</a>. The Sweet Science. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thesweetscience.com/articles-of-2005/1716-the-joke-that-almost-ended-ali-s-career">the original</a> on July 9, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 4,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Joke+That+Almost+Ended+Ali%27s+Career&rft.pub=The+Sweet+Science&rft.aulast=Tallent&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thesweetscience.com%2Farticles-of-2005%2F1716-the-joke-that-almost-ended-ali-s-career&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-leastMemorable-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-leastMemorable_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-leastMemorable_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFMather2016" class="citation news cs1">Mather, Victor (June 5, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/06/sports/who-lost-when-muhammad-ali-fought-a-pro-wrestler-the-fans.html">"Ali's Least Memorable Fight"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220730031616/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/06/sports/who-lost-when-muhammad-ali-fought-a-pro-wrestler-the-fans.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 30, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Ali%27s+Least+Memorable+Fight&rft.date=2016-06-05&rft.aulast=Mather&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F06%2F06%2Fsports%2Fwho-lost-when-muhammad-ali-fought-a-pro-wrestler-the-fans.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-forgottenInfluence-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-forgottenInfluence_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-forgottenInfluence_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFGross2016" class="citation news cs1">Gross, Josh (June 25, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsweek.com/muhammad-ali-antonio-inoki-mixed-martial-arts-ufc-japan-mma-boxing-wrestling-474502">"Muhammad Ali's Forgotten Fight Was Also One of His Most Influential"</a>. Newsweek. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190426153926/https://www.newsweek.com/muhammad-ali-antonio-inoki-mixed-martial-arts-ufc-japan-mma-boxing-wrestling-474502">Archived</a> from the original on April 26, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 10,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali%27s+Forgotten+Fight+Was+Also+One+of+His+Most+Influential&rft.date=2016-06-25&rft.aulast=Gross&rft.aufirst=Josh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsweek.com%2Fmuhammad-ali-antonio-inoki-mixed-martial-arts-ufc-japan-mma-boxing-wrestling-474502&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFBurkholder2016" class="citation news cs1">Burkholder, Denny (June 6, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbssports.com/general/news/how-muhammad-alis-fascination-with-pro-wrestling-fueled-his-career-inspired-mma/">"How Muhammad Ali's fascination with pro wrestling fueled his career, inspired MMA"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CBS_Sports" title="CBS Sports">CBS Sports</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220807202007/https://www.cbssports.com/general/news/how-muhammad-alis-fascination-with-pro-wrestling-fueled-his-career-inspired-mma/">Archived</a> from the original on August 7, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 11,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBS+Sports&rft.atitle=How+Muhammad+Ali%27s+fascination+with+pro+wrestling+fueled+his+career%2C+inspired+MMA&rft.date=2016-06-06&rft.aulast=Burkholder&rft.aufirst=Denny&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbssports.com%2Fgeneral%2Fnews%2Fhow-muhammad-alis-fascination-with-pro-wrestling-fueled-his-career-inspired-mma%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newspaperarchive.com/SiteMap/FreePdfPreview.aspx?img=110827611%3Fsec%3DSports">"Champion Ali Quits Boxing"</a>. <i>The Paris News</i>. October 1, 1976. p. 12. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120607021747/http://www.newspaperarchive.com/SiteMap/FreePdfPreview.aspx?img=110827611%3Fsec%3DSports">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 19,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Paris+News&rft.atitle=Champion+Ali+Quits+Boxing&rft.pages=12&rft.date=1976-10-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspaperarchive.com%2FSiteMap%2FFreePdfPreview.aspx%3Fimg%3D110827611%253Fsec%253DSports&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://boxrec.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=184126">"Muhammad Ali vs Michael Dokes(1977 Exhibition) – BoxRec"</a>. <i>boxrec.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210718100952/https://boxrec.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=184126">Archived</a> from the original on July 18, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 18,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=boxrec.com&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali+vs+Michael+Dokes%281977+Exhibition%29+%E2%80%93+BoxRec&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fboxrec.com%2Fforum%2Fviewtopic.php%3Ft%3D184126&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SNw9cKQJuc8"><i>Boxing 1978 Highlights 3 X Heavyweight Exhibition Bouts Muhammad Ali Vs Pyotar Zayev + Yevge</i></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210718105923/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SNw9cKQJuc8">archived</a> from the original on July 18, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 18,</span> 2021</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Boxing+1978+Highlights+3+X+Heavyweight+Exhibition+Bouts+Muhammad+Ali+Vs+Pyotar+Zayev+%2B+Yevge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DSNw9cKQJuc8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFDiaz2018" class="citation web cs1">Diaz, Greydy (September 12, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://andscape.com/features/the-day-muhammad-ali-beat-leon-spinks-in-a-15-round-rematch-for-a-historic-third-heavyweight-title/">"The day Muhammad Ali beat Leon Spinks in a 15-round rematch for a historic third heavyweight title"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Andscape" title="Andscape">Andscape</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220811121227/https://andscape.com/features/the-day-muhammad-ali-beat-leon-spinks-in-a-15-round-rematch-for-a-historic-third-heavyweight-title/">Archived</a> from the original on August 11, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 18,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Andscape&rft.atitle=The+day+Muhammad+Ali+beat+Leon+Spinks+in+a+15-round+rematch+for+a+historic+third+heavyweight+title&rft.date=2018-09-12&rft.aulast=Diaz&rft.aufirst=Greydy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fandscape.com%2Ffeatures%2Fthe-day-muhammad-ali-beat-leon-spinks-in-a-15-round-rematch-for-a-historic-third-heavyweight-title%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Times-Picayune,_New_Orleans,_Peter_Finney's_column_from_1978-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Times-Picayune,_New_Orleans,_Peter_Finney's_column_from_1978_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nola.com/sports/index.ssf/2016/06/read_peter_finneys_column_from.html">Read Peter Finney's column on Ali vs. Spinks 2 at the Superdome in 1978</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180419053449/http://www.nola.com/sports/index.ssf/2016/06/read_peter_finneys_column_from.html">Archived</a> April 19, 2018, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>The Times-Picayune</i> NOLA.com (New Orleans, LA.), re-posted on June 4, 2016.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Muhammad Ali, The Glory Years</i>, Felix Dennis and Don Atyeo, p. 258.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-RingsideReport.com,_Kevin_Kincade,_2016-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RingsideReport.com,_Kevin_Kincade,_2016_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ringsidereport.com/?p=63321">The Last Flight of the Butterfly: Remembering Ali vs Spinks II</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180419053533/http://ringsidereport.com/?p=63321">Archived</a> April 19, 2018, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, RingsideReport.com, Kevin "The Voice" Kincade, September 22, 2016.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFNack1981" class="citation magazine cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_Nack" title="William Nack">Nack, William</a> (December 21, 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.si.com/vault/1981/12/21/826243/not-with-a-bang-but-a-whisper-after-losing-to-trevor-berbick-a-subdued-muhammad-ali-softly-admitted-that-his-illustrious-career-had-come-to-an-end">"Not with a bang but a whisper"</a>. <i>Sports Illustrated</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160609212952/http://www.si.com/vault/1981/12/21/826243/not-with-a-bang-but-a-whisper-after-losing-to-trevor-berbick-a-subdued-muhammad-ali-softly-admitted-that-his-illustrious-career-had-come-to-an-end">Archived</a> from the original on June 9, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 4,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=Not+with+a+bang+but+a+whisper&rft.date=1981-12-21&rft.aulast=Nack&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.si.com%2Fvault%2F1981%2F12%2F21%2F826243%2Fnot-with-a-bang-but-a-whisper-after-losing-to-trevor-berbick-a-subdued-muhammad-ali-softly-admitted-that-his-illustrious-career-had-come-to-an-end&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-veconomist-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-veconomist_64-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/news/books-and-arts/21730621-downfall-tragic-rebellious-hero-new-biography-muhammad-ali">"A new biography of Muhammad Ali"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a></i>. October 26, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171026191204/https://www.economist.com/news/books-and-arts/21730621-downfall-tragic-rebellious-hero-new-biography-muhammad-ali">Archived</a> from the original on October 26, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=A+new+biography+of+Muhammad+Ali&rft.date=2017-10-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fnews%2Fbooks-and-arts%2F21730621-downfall-tragic-rebellious-hero-new-biography-muhammad-ali&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFSlack2013" class="citation web cs1">Slack, Jack (January 24, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bloodyelbow.com/2013/1/24/3908574/muhammad-ali-boxing-technique-jack-slack">"Pulling Back the Curtain on Muhammad Ali"</a>. Bloody Elbow. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130713121233/http://www.bloodyelbow.com/2013/1/24/3908574/muhammad-ali-boxing-technique-jack-slack">Archived</a> from the original on July 13, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 2,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pulling+Back+the+Curtain+on+Muhammad+Ali&rft.pub=Bloody+Elbow&rft.date=2013-01-24&rft.aulast=Slack&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloodyelbow.com%2F2013%2F1%2F24%2F3908574%2Fmuhammad-ali-boxing-technique-jack-slack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=prxnGjKjxoo">"Muhammad Ali knockout Sonny Liston in Slow Motion HD"</a>. YouTube. October 30, 1974. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130927082423/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=prxnGjKjxoo">Archived</a> from the original on September 27, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 3,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali+knockout+Sonny+Liston+in+Slow+Motion+HD&rft.pub=YouTube&rft.date=1974-10-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DprxnGjKjxoo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.quotedb.com/quotes/3980">"Float like a butterfly, sting like a bee. by Muhammad Ali"</a>. Quotedb.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20121209032439/http://www.quotedb.com/quotes/3980">Archived</a> from the original on December 9, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 5,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Float+like+a+butterfly%2C+sting+like+a+bee.+by+Muhammad+Ali&rft.pub=Quotedb.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.quotedb.com%2Fquotes%2F3980&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Gallenger-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gallenger_68-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gallenger_68-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Paul Gallenger, <i>Sonny Liston</i>.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFStarr2008" class="citation book cs1">Starr, Phillip (2008). <i>Martial Mechanics: Maximum Results with Minimum Effort in the Practice of Martial Arts</i>. Blue Snake Books. p. 13. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1583942116" title="Special:BookSources/978-1583942116"><bdi>978-1583942116</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Martial+Mechanics%3A+Maximum+Results+with+Minimum+Effort+in+the+Practice+of+Martial+Arts&rft.pages=13&rft.pub=Blue+Snake+Books&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1583942116&rft.aulast=Starr&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFHauser2012" class="citation book cs1">Hauser, Thomas (2012). <i>Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times</i> (Enhanced ed.). Open Road Media. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1453250631" title="Special:BookSources/978-1453250631"><bdi>978-1453250631</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali%3A+His+Life+and+Times&rft.edition=Enhanced&rft.pub=Open+Road+Media&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1453250631&rft.aulast=Hauser&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://observer.guardian.co.uk/osm/story/0,,641739,00.html">"How to ... fight like Muhammad Ali"</a>. <i>The Observer</i>. February 9, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111029172005/http://observer.guardian.co.uk/osm/story/0,,641739,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 29, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 2,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Observer&rft.atitle=How+to+...+fight+like+Muhammad+Ali&rft.date=2011-02-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fobserver.guardian.co.uk%2Fosm%2Fstory%2F0%2C%2C641739%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://evolve-mma.com/blog/5-of-muhammad-alis-signature-boxing-techniques-you-can-add-to-your-game/">"5 Of Muhammad Ali's Signature Boxing Techniques You Can Add To Your Game – Evolve Daily"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Evolve_MMA" title="Evolve MMA">Evolve MMA</a></i>. June 9, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200813025424/https://evolve-mma.com/blog/5-of-muhammad-alis-signature-boxing-techniques-you-can-add-to-your-game/">Archived</a> from the original on August 13, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Evolve+MMA&rft.atitle=5+Of+Muhammad+Ali%27s+Signature+Boxing+Techniques+You+Can+Add+To+Your+Game+%E2%80%93+Evolve+Daily&rft.date=2019-06-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fevolve-mma.com%2Fblog%2F5-of-muhammad-alis-signature-boxing-techniques-you-can-add-to-your-game%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFWillis2016" class="citation news cs1">Willis, George (June 4, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nypost.com/2016/06/04/anatomy-of-the-ali-shuffle-the-dizzying-mesmerizing-dance/">"Anatomy of the Ali Shuffle: The dizzying, mesmerizing dance"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Post" title="New York Post">New York Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200328224504/https://nypost.com/2016/06/04/anatomy-of-the-ali-shuffle-the-dizzying-mesmerizing-dance/">Archived</a> from the original on March 28, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Post&rft.atitle=Anatomy+of+the+Ali+Shuffle%3A+The+dizzying%2C+mesmerizing+dance&rft.date=2016-06-04&rft.aulast=Willis&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnypost.com%2F2016%2F06%2F04%2Fanatomy-of-the-ali-shuffle-the-dizzying-mesmerizing-dance%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFAnderson1971" class="citation news cs1">Anderson, Dave (March 7, 1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1971/03/07/archives/frazier-and-ali-morality-drama-unfolds-frazier-and-ali-morality.html">"Frazier and Ali: Morality Drama Unfolds"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200615230055/https://www.nytimes.com/1971/03/07/archives/frazier-and-ali-morality-drama-unfolds-frazier-and-ali-morality.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 15, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Frazier+and+Ali%3A+Morality+Drama+Unfolds&rft.date=1971-03-07&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1971%2F03%2F07%2Farchives%2Ffrazier-and-ali-morality-drama-unfolds-frazier-and-ali-morality.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFVaughnLee1986" class="citation book cs1">Vaughn, Jack; Lee, Mike, eds. (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=D8d_YjWV9k4C&pg=PA127"><i>The Legendary Bruce Lee</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Black_Belt_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Belt Communications">Black Belt Communications</a>. p. 127. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89750-106-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89750-106-4"><bdi>978-0-89750-106-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002028/https://books.google.com/books?id=D8d_YjWV9k4C&pg=PA127#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 16,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Legendary+Bruce+Lee&rft.pages=127&rft.pub=Black+Belt+Communications&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=978-0-89750-106-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DD8d_YjWV9k4C%26pg%3DPA127&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-ESPN_Wiley-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ESPN_Wiley_76-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFWiley2001" class="citation web cs1">Wiley, Ralph (September 13, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://espn.go.com/page2/s/wiley/010125.html">"Jive trash talkin'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. ESPN. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120718073839/http://espn.go.com/page2/s/wiley/010125.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 18, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 3,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jive+trash+talkin%27&rft.pub=ESPN&rft.date=2001-09-13&rft.aulast=Wiley&rft.aufirst=Ralph&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fespn.go.com%2Fpage2%2Fs%2Fwiley%2F010125.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2011/jun/28/boxing-trash-talk-david-haye">"Boxing trash talk that stings like a bee"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. September 28, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130930100659/http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2011/jun/28/boxing-trash-talk-david-haye">Archived</a> from the original on September 30, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 3,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Boxing+trash+talk+that+stings+like+a+bee&rft.date=2007-09-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fcommentisfree%2F2011%2Fjun%2F28%2Fboxing-trash-talk-david-haye&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131218114136/http://bleacherreport.com/articles/1238737-the-50-best-trash-talk-lines-in-sports-history/page/51">"The 50 Best Trash Talk Lines in Sports History"</a>. Bleacher Report. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bleacherreport.com/articles/1238737-the-50-best-trash-talk-lines-in-sports-history/page/51">the original</a> on December 18, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 3,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+50+Best+Trash+Talk+Lines+in+Sports+History&rft.pub=Bleacher+Report&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbleacherreport.com%2Farticles%2F1238737-the-50-best-trash-talk-lines-in-sports-history%2Fpage%2F51&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Rhee-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Rhee_79-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190506223915/http://www.jhoonrhee.com/bio7.html">"Jhoon Rhee, Father of American Tae Kwon Do"</a>. <i>jhoonrhee.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jhoonrhee.com/bio7.html">the original</a> on May 6, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 1,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=jhoonrhee.com&rft.atitle=Jhoon+Rhee%2C+Father+of+American+Tae+Kwon+Do&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jhoonrhee.com%2Fbio7.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Facing_Ali_115-6-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Facing_Ali_115-6_80-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFBrunt2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Brunt" title="Stephen Brunt">Brunt, Stephen</a> (2002). <i>Facing Ali</i>. The Lyons Press. pp. 115–116.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Facing+Ali&rft.pages=115-116&rft.pub=The+Lyons+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Brunt&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Hauser_217-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hauser_217_81-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hauser_217_81-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFHauser1991" class="citation book cs1">Hauser, Thomas (1991). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus"><i>Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times</i></a></span>. Simon & Schuster. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus/page/217">217</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780671688929" title="Special:BookSources/9780671688929"><bdi>9780671688929</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali%3A+His+Life+and+Times&rft.pages=217&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=9780671688929&rft.aulast=Hauser&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmuhammadalihisli00haus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Facing_Ali_116-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Facing_Ali_116_82-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFBrunt2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Brunt" title="Stephen Brunt">Brunt, Stephen</a> (2002). <i>Facing Ali</i>. The Lyons Press. p. 116.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Facing+Ali&rft.pages=116&rft.pub=The+Lyons+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Brunt&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Glory_Years_162-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Glory_Years_162_83-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFDennisAtyeo2003" class="citation book cs1">Dennis, Felix; Atyeo, Don (2003). <i>Muhammad Ali: The Glory Years</i>. Miramax Books. p. 162.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali%3A+The+Glory+Years&rft.pages=162&rft.pub=Miramax+Books&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Dennis&rft.aufirst=Felix&rft.au=Atyeo%2C+Don&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Glory_Years_180-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Glory_Years_180_84-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Glory_Years_180_84-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Glory_Years_180_84-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Glory_Years_180_84-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFDennisAtyeo2003" class="citation book cs1">Dennis, Felix; Atyeo, Don (2003). <i>Muhammad Ali: The Glory Years</i>. Miramax Books. p. 180.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali%3A+The+Glory+Years&rft.pages=180&rft.pub=Miramax+Books&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Dennis&rft.aufirst=Felix&rft.au=Atyeo%2C+Don&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Hauser_216-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hauser_216_85-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFHauser1991" class="citation book cs1">Hauser, Thomas (1991). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus"><i>Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times</i></a></span>. Simon & Schuster. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus/page/216">216</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780671688929" title="Special:BookSources/9780671688929"><bdi>9780671688929</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali%3A+His+Life+and+Times&rft.pages=216&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=9780671688929&rft.aulast=Hauser&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmuhammadalihisli00haus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-SI_Nack-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SI_Nack_86-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SI_Nack_86-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SI_Nack_86-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SI_Nack_86-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SI_Nack_86-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SI_Nack_86-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SI_Nack_86-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SI_Nack_86-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SI_Nack_86-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SI_Nack_86-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SI_Nack_86-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.si.com/vault/1996/09/30/208924/muhammad-ali-joe-frazier-war-of-words">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'The Fight's Over, Joe'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Sports Illustrated</i>. September 30, 1996. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161026081421/http://www.si.com/vault/1996/09/30/208924/muhammad-ali-joe-frazier-war-of-words">Archived</a> from the original on October 26, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 25,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=%27The+Fight%27s+Over%2C+Joe%27&rft.date=1996-09-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.si.com%2Fvault%2F1996%2F09%2F30%2F208924%2Fmuhammad-ali-joe-frazier-war-of-words&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Hauser_231-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hauser_231_87-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hauser_231_87-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFHauser1991" class="citation book cs1">Hauser, Thomas (1991). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus"><i>Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times</i></a></span>. Simon & Schuster. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus/page/231">231</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780671688929" title="Special:BookSources/9780671688929"><bdi>9780671688929</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali%3A+His+Life+and+Times&rft.pages=231&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=9780671688929&rft.aulast=Hauser&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmuhammadalihisli00haus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-SI_Kram-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SI_Kram_89-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.si.com/vault/1975/10/13/613261/muhammad-ali-joe-frazier-thrilla-in-manilla">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Lawdy, Lawdy He's Great'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Sports Illustrated</i>. October 13, 1975. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161030142550/http://www.si.com/vault/1975/10/13/613261/muhammad-ali-joe-frazier-thrilla-in-manilla">Archived</a> from the original on October 30, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 29,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=%27Lawdy%2C+Lawdy+He%27s+Great%27&rft.date=1975-10-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.si.com%2Fvault%2F1975%2F10%2F13%2F613261%2Fmuhammad-ali-joe-frazier-thrilla-in-manilla&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Aksyon-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Aksyon_90-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Aksyon_90-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161003061025/http://www.interaksyon.com/interaktv/marcos-used-thrilla-in-manila-fight-as-distraction-from-filipinos-plight">"Marcos used Thrilla in Manila fight as distraction from Filipinos' plight"</a>. <i>Inter Aksyon</i>. November 10, 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.interaksyon.com/interaktv/marcos-used-thrilla-in-manila-fight-as-distraction-from-filipinos-plight">the original</a> on October 3, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Inter+Aksyon&rft.atitle=Marcos+used+Thrilla+in+Manila+fight+as+distraction+from+Filipinos%27+plight&rft.date=2011-11-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.interaksyon.com%2Finteraktv%2Fmarcos-used-thrilla-in-manila-fight-as-distraction-from-filipinos-plight&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Facing_Ali_123-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Facing_Ali_123_91-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFBrunt2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Brunt" title="Stephen Brunt">Brunt, Stephen</a> (2002). <i>Facing Ali</i>. The Lyons Press. p. 123.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Facing+Ali&rft.pages=123&rft.pub=The+Lyons+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Brunt&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Guardian_Hauser-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Guardian_Hauser_92-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2005/sep/04/features.sport16">"The unforgiven"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. September 3, 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161030144119/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2005/sep/04/features.sport16">Archived</a> from the original on October 30, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+unforgiven&rft.date=2005-09-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fsport%2F2005%2Fsep%2F04%2Ffeatures.sport16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Facing_Ali_121-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Facing_Ali_121_93-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFBrunt2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Brunt" title="Stephen Brunt">Brunt, Stephen</a> (2002). <i>Facing Ali</i>. The Lyons Press. p. 121.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Facing+Ali&rft.pages=121&rft.pub=The+Lyons+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Brunt&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Hauser_256-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hauser_256_94-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hauser_256_94-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFHauser1991" class="citation book cs1">Hauser, Thomas (1991). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus"><i>Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times</i></a></span>. Simon & Schuster. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus/page/256">256</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780671688929" title="Special:BookSources/9780671688929"><bdi>9780671688929</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali%3A+His+Life+and+Times&rft.pages=256&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=9780671688929&rft.aulast=Hauser&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmuhammadalihisli00haus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Glory_Years_204-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Glory_Years_204_96-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Glory_Years_204_96-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Glory_Years_204_96-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFDennisAtyeo2003" class="citation book cs1">Dennis, Felix; Atyeo, Don (2003). <i>Muhammad Ali: The Glory Years</i>. Miramax Books. p. 204.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali%3A+The+Glory+Years&rft.pages=204&rft.pub=Miramax+Books&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Dennis&rft.aufirst=Felix&rft.au=Atyeo%2C+Don&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Hauser_255-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hauser_255_97-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFHauser1991" class="citation book cs1">Hauser, Thomas (1991). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus"><i>Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times</i></a></span>. Simon & Schuster. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus/page/255">255</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780671688929" title="Special:BookSources/9780671688929"><bdi>9780671688929</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali%3A+His+Life+and+Times&rft.pages=255&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=9780671688929&rft.aulast=Hauser&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmuhammadalihisli00haus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Hauser_256-57-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hauser_256-57_98-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFHauser1991" class="citation book cs1">Hauser, Thomas (1991). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus"><i>Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times</i></a></span>. Simon & Schuster. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/muhammadalihisli00haus/page/256">256–57</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780671688929" title="Special:BookSources/9780671688929"><bdi>9780671688929</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali%3A+His+Life+and+Times&rft.pages=256-57&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=9780671688929&rft.aulast=Hauser&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmuhammadalihisli00haus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Facing_Ali_104-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Facing_Ali_104_99-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFBrunt2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Brunt" title="Stephen Brunt">Brunt, Stephen</a> (2002). <i>Facing Ali</i>. The Lyons Press. p. 104.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Facing+Ali&rft.pages=104&rft.pub=The+Lyons+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Brunt&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Glory_Years_244-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Glory_Years_244_101-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Glory_Years_244_101-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Glory_Years_244_101-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFDennisAtyeo2003" class="citation book cs1">Dennis, Felix; Atyeo, Don (2003). <i>Muhammad Ali: The Glory Years</i>. Miramax Books. p. 244.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali%3A+The+Glory+Years&rft.pages=244&rft.pub=Miramax+Books&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Dennis&rft.aufirst=Felix&rft.au=Atyeo%2C+Don&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.publishersweekly.com/978-0-02-860847-1">"Smokin' Joe: The Autobiography of a Heavyweight Champion of the World, Smokin' Joe Frazier [review]"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Publishers_Weekly" title="Publishers Weekly">Publishers Weekly</a></i>. April 29, 1996. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161031091826/http://www.publishersweekly.com/978-0-02-860847-1">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Publishers+Weekly&rft.atitle=Smokin%27+Joe%3A+The+Autobiography+of+a+Heavyweight+Champion+of+the+World%2C+Smokin%27+Joe+Frazier+%5Breview%5D&rft.date=1996-04-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.publishersweekly.com%2F978-0-02-860847-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-ESPN_Woods-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ESPN_Woods_104-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.espn.com/blog/new-york/boxing/post/_/id/391/joe-frazier-often-had-a-new-york-state-of-mind">"Joe Frazier hated Muhammad Ali"</a>. <i>ESPN</i>. November 9, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161031151100/http://www.espn.com/blog/new-york/boxing/post/_/id/391/joe-frazier-often-had-a-new-york-state-of-mind">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ESPN&rft.atitle=Joe+Frazier+hated+Muhammad+Ali&rft.date=2011-11-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fblog%2Fnew-york%2Fboxing%2Fpost%2F_%2Fid%2F391%2Fjoe-frazier-often-had-a-new-york-state-of-mind&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Facing_Ali_102-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Facing_Ali_102_105-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFBrunt2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Brunt" title="Stephen Brunt">Brunt, Stephen</a> (2002). <i>Facing Ali</i>. The Lyons Press. p. 102.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Facing+Ali&rft.pages=102&rft.pub=The+Lyons+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Brunt&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-HC_Jacobs-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HC_Jacobs_106-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HC_Jacobs_106-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HC_Jacobs_106-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HC_Jacobs_106-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://articles.courant.com/2011-11-08/sports/hc-jacobs-joe-frazier-column-1109-20111108_1_ali-s-parkinson-s-joe-frazier-muhammad-ali">"Hoping Joe Frazier Actually Forgave Muhammad Ali"</a>. <i>Hartford Courant</i>. November 8, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161031091232/http://articles.courant.com/2011-11-08/sports/hc-jacobs-joe-frazier-column-1109-20111108_1_ali-s-parkinson-s-joe-frazier-muhammad-ali">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hartford+Courant&rft.atitle=Hoping+Joe+Frazier+Actually+Forgave+Muhammad+Ali&rft.date=2011-11-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farticles.courant.com%2F2011-11-08%2Fsports%2Fhc-jacobs-joe-frazier-column-1109-20111108_1_ali-s-parkinson-s-joe-frazier-muhammad-ali&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-NYT_Sandomir-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYT_Sandomir_108-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2001/03/15/sports/boxing-no-floating-no-stinging-ali-extends-hand-to-frazier.html">"BOXING; No Floating, No Stinging: Ali Extends Hand to Frazier"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. March 15, 2001. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161030142842/http://www.nytimes.com/2001/03/15/sports/boxing-no-floating-no-stinging-ali-extends-hand-to-frazier.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 30, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=BOXING%3B+No+Floating%2C+No+Stinging%3A+Ali+Extends+Hand+to+Frazier&rft.date=2001-03-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2001%2F03%2F15%2Fsports%2Fboxing-no-floating-no-stinging-ali-extends-hand-to-frazier.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-ESPN_Sielski-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ESPN_Sielski_109-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.espn.com/classic/biography/s/Frazier_Joe.html">"Frazier battled Ali in timeless trilogy"</a>. <i>ESPN</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161030141127/http://www.espn.com/classic/biography/s/Frazier_Joe.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 30, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ESPN&rft.atitle=Frazier+battled+Ali+in+timeless+trilogy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fclassic%2Fbiography%2Fs%2FFrazier_Joe.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Facing_Ali_102,_124-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Facing_Ali_102,_124_110-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Facing_Ali_102,_124_110-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFBrunt2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Brunt" title="Stephen Brunt">Brunt, Stephen</a> (2002). <i>Facing Ali</i>. The Lyons Press. pp. 102, 124.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Facing+Ali&rft.pages=102%2C+124&rft.pub=The+Lyons+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Brunt&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Telegraph_Higginbotham-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Telegraph_Higginbotham_112-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/3563084/Joe-Frazier-Still-Smokin-after-all-these-years.html">"Joe Frazier: Still Smokin' after all these years"</a>. <i>The Telegraph</i>. November 11, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170704121649/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/3563084/Joe-Frazier-Still-Smokin-after-all-these-years.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 4, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Joe+Frazier%3A+Still+Smokin%27+after+all+these+years&rft.date=2008-11-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fculture%2F3563084%2FJoe-Frazier-Still-Smokin-after-all-these-years.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-NYP_AP_2011-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYP_AP_2011_114-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nypost.com/2011/11/14/ali-among-4000-at-frazier-funeral/">"Ali among 4,000 at Frazier funeral"</a>. <i>New York Post</i>. November 14, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161031090224/http://nypost.com/2011/11/14/ali-among-4000-at-frazier-funeral/">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Post&rft.atitle=Ali+among+4%2C000+at+Frazier+funeral&rft.date=2011-11-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnypost.com%2F2011%2F11%2F14%2Fali-among-4000-at-frazier-funeral%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cyberboxingzone.com/boxing/heavy.htm">"The Lineal Heavyweight Champions"</a>. The Cyber Boxing Zone Encyclopedia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221009143352/http://www.cyberboxingzone.com/boxing/heavy.htm">Archived</a> from the original on October 9, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 4,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Lineal+Heavyweight+Champions&rft.pub=The+Cyber+Boxing+Zone+Encyclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cyberboxingzone.com%2Fboxing%2Fheavy.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibhof.com/pages/about/inductees/modern/ali.html">"Muhammad Ali"</a>. ibhof.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181017200549/http://www.ibhof.com/pages/about/inductees/modern/ali.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 17, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali&rft.pub=ibhof.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibhof.com%2Fpages%2Fabout%2Finductees%2Fmodern%2Fali.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFOffice_of_the_Press_Secretary2005" class="citation web cs1">Office of the Press Secretary (November 9, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2005/11/20051109-10.html">"Citations for Recipients of the 2005 Presidential Medal of Freedom"</a>. Washington D.C., U.S.: The White House, George W. Bush. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200424022351/https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2005/11/20051109-10.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 24, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Citations+for+Recipients+of+the+2005+Presidential+Medal+of+Freedom&rft.place=Washington+D.C.%2C+U.S.&rft.pub=The+White+House%2C+George+W.+Bush&rft.date=2005-11-09&rft.au=Office+of+the+Press+Secretary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgeorgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov%2Fnews%2Freleases%2F2005%2F11%2F20051109-10.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFBulman2016" class="citation news cs1">Bulman, May (June 4, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/muhammad-ali-death-hollywood-star-why-is-it-on-the-wall-not-walk-of-fame-a7065186.html">"Why Muhammad Ali's star is on the wall, not the Walk of Fame"</a>. <i>The Independent</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180706092045/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/muhammad-ali-death-hollywood-star-why-is-it-on-the-wall-not-walk-of-fame-a7065186.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 6, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Why+Muhammad+Ali%27s+star+is+on+the+wall%2C+not+the+Walk+of+Fame&rft.date=2016-06-04&rft.aulast=Bulman&rft.aufirst=May&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fpeople%2Fmuhammad-ali-death-hollywood-star-why-is-it-on-the-wall-not-walk-of-fame-a7065186.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Liberty-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Liberty_119-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180118064736/https://constitutioncenter.org/calendar/muhammad-ali-2012-liberty-medal-ceremony">"Muhammad Ali 2012 Liberty Medal Ceremony"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Constitution_Center" title="National Constitution Center">National Constitution Center</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://constitutioncenter.org/calendar/muhammad-ali-2012-liberty-medal-ceremony">the original</a> on January 18, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali+2012+Liberty+Medal+Ceremony&rft.pub=National+Constitution+Center&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fconstitutioncenter.org%2Fcalendar%2Fmuhammad-ali-2012-liberty-medal-ceremony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-sky-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sky_120-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.sky.com/story/muhammad-ali-handed-humanitarian-honour-10470033">"Muhammad Ali Handed Humanitarian Honour"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sky_News" title="Sky News">Sky News</a></i>. September 14, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180513080927/https://news.sky.com/story/muhammad-ali-handed-humanitarian-honour-10470033">Archived</a> from the original on May 13, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sky+News&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali+Handed+Humanitarian+Honour&rft.date=2012-09-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.sky.com%2Fstory%2Fmuhammad-ali-handed-humanitarian-honour-10470033&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/classic/s/Ali_record.html">"ESPN Classic – Muhammad Ali's ring record"</a>. <i>espn.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161220072645/https://espn.go.com/classic/s/Ali_record.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 20, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 6,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=espn.com&rft.atitle=ESPN+Classic+%E2%80%93+Muhammad+Ali%27s+ring+record&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fclassic%2Fs%2FAli_record.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-briefly-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-briefly_122-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFGitonga2023" class="citation news cs1">Gitonga, Ruth (February 7, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://briefly.co.za/facts-lifehacks/top/152256-most-watched-television-events-world-top-20-list-ranked/">"Most-watched television events in the world ever: Top 20 list ranked"</a>. <i>briefly.co.za</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230314153340/https://briefly.co.za/facts-lifehacks/top/152256-most-watched-television-events-world-top-20-list-ranked/">Archived</a> from the original on March 14, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=briefly.co.za&rft.atitle=Most-watched+television+events+in+the+world+ever%3A+Top+20+list+ranked&rft.date=2023-02-07&rft.aulast=Gitonga&rft.aufirst=Ruth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbriefly.co.za%2Ffacts-lifehacks%2Ftop%2F152256-most-watched-television-events-world-top-20-list-ranked%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFEig2017" class="citation book cs1">Eig, Jonathan (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MgNLDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA145"><i>Ali: A Life</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Houghton_Mifflin_Harcourt" title="Houghton Mifflin Harcourt">Houghton Mifflin Harcourt</a>. p. 145. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780544435247" title="Special:BookSources/9780544435247"><bdi>9780544435247</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002029/https://books.google.com/books?id=MgNLDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA145#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ali%3A+A+Life&rft.pages=145&rft.pub=Houghton+Mifflin+Harcourt&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9780544435247&rft.aulast=Eig&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMgNLDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA145&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Ezra82-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ezra82_124-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ezra82_124-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ezra82_124-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ezra82_124-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFEzra2009" class="citation book cs1">Ezra, Michael (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Gh3rtDyeSAIC&pg=PA82">"Muhammad Ali's Main Bout: African American Economic Power and the World Heavyweight Title"</a>. <i>Muhammad Ali: The Making of an Icon</i>. <a href="/wiki/Temple_University_Press" title="Temple University Press">Temple University Press</a>. p. 82. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781592136612" title="Special:BookSources/9781592136612"><bdi>9781592136612</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231031223533/https://books.google.com/books?id=Gh3rtDyeSAIC&pg=PA82#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali%27s+Main+Bout%3A+African+American+Economic+Power+and+the+World+Heavyweight+Title&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali%3A+The+Making+of+an+Icon&rft.pages=82&rft.pub=Temple+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9781592136612&rft.aulast=Ezra&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGh3rtDyeSAIC%26pg%3DPA82&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Ezra83-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ezra83_125-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ezra83_125-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFEzra2009" class="citation book cs1">Ezra, Michael (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Gh3rtDyeSAIC&pg=PA83"><i>Muhammad Ali: The Making of an Icon</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Temple_University_Press" title="Temple University Press">Temple University Press</a>. p. 83. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781592136612" title="Special:BookSources/9781592136612"><bdi>9781592136612</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003053/https://books.google.com/books?id=Gh3rtDyeSAIC&pg=PA83#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali%3A+The+Making+of+an+Icon&rft.pages=83&rft.pub=Temple+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9781592136612&rft.aulast=Ezra&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGh3rtDyeSAIC%26pg%3DPA83&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-mee-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mee_126-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mee_126-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFMee2011" class="citation book cs1">Mee, Bob (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cdWp6foVPA4C&pg=PT308"><i>Liston and Ali: The Ugly Bear and the Boy Who Would Be King</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Mainstream_Publishing" title="Mainstream Publishing">Mainstream Publishing</a>. p. 308. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781907195655" title="Special:BookSources/9781907195655"><bdi>9781907195655</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002029/https://books.google.com/books?id=cdWp6foVPA4C&pg=PT308">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Liston+and+Ali%3A+The+Ugly+Bear+and+the+Boy+Who+Would+Be+King&rft.pages=308&rft.pub=Mainstream+Publishing&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9781907195655&rft.aulast=Mee&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcdWp6foVPA4C%26pg%3DPT308&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vMo5AQAAIAAJ&q=Clay+Liston"><i>BBC Year Book</i></a>. BBC. 1966. p. 32. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002030/https://books.google.com/books?id=vMo5AQAAIAAJ&q=Clay+Liston">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>. <q>Among the outstanding events sent "live" on Early Bird television in the testing period were: the launching and recovery of the Gemini Titan IV, the United Nations Session in San Francisco to commemorate the twentieth anniversary of the signing of the United Nations Charter, the inauguration of President Johnson, and the Clay—Liston world heavyweight championship fight, watched in Britain by seven million viewers at 3.30 a.m.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=BBC+Year+Book&rft.pages=32&rft.pub=BBC&rft.date=1966&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvMo5AQAAIAAJ%26q%3DClay%2BListon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFBoddy2008" class="citation book cs1">Boddy, Kasia (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/BoxingACulturalHistory/Boxing-ACulturalHistory#page/n331/mode/1up"><i>Boxing: A Cultural History</i></a>. London: <a href="/wiki/Reaktion_Books" title="Reaktion Books">Reaktion Books</a>. p. 330. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1861896179" title="Special:BookSources/978-1861896179"><bdi>978-1861896179</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Boxing%3A+A+Cultural+History&rft.place=London&rft.pages=330&rft.pub=Reaktion+Books&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1861896179&rft.aulast=Boddy&rft.aufirst=Kasia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2FBoxingACulturalHistory%2FBoxing-ACulturalHistory%23page%2Fn331%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TMs5AQAAIAAJ&q=ali+cooper">"Papers by Command"</a>. <i>Papers by Command</i>. <b>23</b>. <a href="/wiki/H.M._Stationery_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="H.M. Stationery Office">H.M. Stationery Office</a>: 29. 1966. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002030/https://books.google.com/books?id=TMs5AQAAIAAJ&q=ali+cooper">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>. <q>Other outstanding sporting events carried on radio included the Commonwealth Games in Jamaica and the World Heavyweight Championship fight between Henry Cooper and Muhammad Ali (Cassius Clay), which attracted an audience of twenty-one million.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Papers+by+Command&rft.atitle=Papers+by+Command&rft.volume=23&rft.pages=29&rft.date=1966&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTMs5AQAAIAAJ%26q%3Dali%2Bcooper&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-haynes-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-haynes_130-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-haynes_130-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFHaynes2016" class="citation book cs1">Haynes, Richard (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZM-GDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA213"><i>BBC Sport in Black and White</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Springer_Science%2BBusiness_Media" title="Springer Science+Business Media">Springer</a>. p. 213. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781137455017" title="Special:BookSources/9781137455017"><bdi>9781137455017</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002030/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZM-GDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA213#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=BBC+Sport+in+Black+and+White&rft.pages=213&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9781137455017&rft.aulast=Haynes&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZM-GDQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA213&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-nzz-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nzz_131-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzz.ch/sport/muhammad-ali-gegen-joe-frazier-war-der-wahre-kampf-des-jahrhunderts-ld.1604784?reduced=true">"Muhammad Ali gegen Joe Frazier im Madison Square Garden war der wahre Kampf des Jahrhunderts"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Neue_Z%C3%BCrcher_Zeitung" title="Neue Zürcher Zeitung">Neue Zürcher Zeitung</a></i> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221030145542/https://www.nzz.ch/sport/muhammad-ali-gegen-joe-frazier-war-der-wahre-kampf-des-jahrhunderts-ld.1604784?reduced=true">Archived</a> from the original on October 30, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neue+Z%C3%BCrcher+Zeitung&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali+gegen+Joe+Frazier+im+Madison+Square+Garden+war+der+wahre+Kampf+des+Jahrhunderts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nzz.ch%2Fsport%2Fmuhammad-ali-gegen-joe-frazier-war-der-wahre-kampf-des-jahrhunderts-ld.1604784%3Freduced%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFGreen1972" class="citation book cs1">Green, Timothy (1972). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dSUvAAAAMAAJ&q=ali+frazier"><i>The Universal Eye: The World of Television</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Stein_and_Day" title="Stein and Day">Stein and Day</a>. p. 86. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780812814248" title="Special:BookSources/9780812814248"><bdi>9780812814248</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002030/https://books.google.com/books?id=dSUvAAAAMAAJ&q=ali+frazier">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>. <q>The annual Miss World Contest, which is often the single most popular program of the year — attracting half the British population — is a natural for BBC 1; so was the Ali-Frazier fight, which was watched by 27.5 million people.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Universal+Eye%3A+The+World+of+Television&rft.pages=86&rft.pub=Stein+and+Day&rft.date=1972&rft.isbn=9780812814248&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdSUvAAAAMAAJ%26q%3Dali%2Bfrazier&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/114440497/">"Most Boxing Buffs Agree With Outcome"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Poughkeepsie_Journal" title="Poughkeepsie Journal">Poughkeepsie Journal</a></i>. March 9, 1971. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180630190147/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/114440497/">Archived</a> from the original on June 30, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Poughkeepsie+Journal&rft.atitle=Most+Boxing+Buffs+Agree+With+Outcome&rft.date=1971-03-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F114440497%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cM1aAAAAYAAJ&q=ali+bugner"><i>Annual Report and Accounts</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Independent_Broadcasting_Authority" title="Independent Broadcasting Authority">Independent Broadcasting Authority</a>. 1972–1973. p. 13. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002031/https://books.google.com/books?id=cM1aAAAAYAAJ&q=ali+bugner">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>. <q>And Muhammad Ali, still the greatest attraction in boxing, was seen in action against Jerry Quarry, Bob Foster and finally, in Las Vegas, against Joe Bugner — a fight which attracted an ITV audience of twenty million.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Annual+Report+and+Accounts&rft.pages=13&rft.pub=Independent+Broadcasting+Authority&rft.date=1972%2F1973&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcM1aAAAAYAAJ%26q%3Dali%2Bbugner&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-usatoday-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-usatoday_135-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/boxing/2014/10/29/muhammad-ali-george-foreman-rumble-in-the-jungle-40th-anniversary/18097587/">"Revisiting 'The Rumble in the Jungle' 40 years later"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a></i>. October 29, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211101103836/https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/boxing/2014/10/29/muhammad-ali-george-foreman-rumble-in-the-jungle-40th-anniversary/18097587/">Archived</a> from the original on November 1, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Revisiting+%27The+Rumble+in+the+Jungle%27+40+years+later&rft.date=2014-10-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Fsports%2Fboxing%2F2014%2F10%2F29%2Fmuhammad-ali-george-foreman-rumble-in-the-jungle-40th-anniversary%2F18097587%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fTkDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA46">"Mike Tyson May Fight George Foreman In Biggest Money Match: $80 Million"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Jet_(magazine)" title="Jet (magazine)">Jet</a></i>. <b>88</b> (19). Johnson Publishing Company: 46. September 18, 1995. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231031224046/https://books.google.com/books?id=fTkDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jet&rft.atitle=Mike+Tyson+May+Fight+George+Foreman+In+Biggest+Money+Match%3A+%2480+Million&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=19&rft.pages=46&rft.date=1995-09-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfTkDAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA46&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-the_guardian-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-the_guardian_137-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2004/oct/30/boxing">"How one riotous Rumble changed the world forever"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230415024911/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2004/oct/30/boxing">Archived</a> from the original on April 15, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 29,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=How+one+riotous+Rumble+changed+the+world+forever&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fsport%2F2004%2Foct%2F30%2Fboxing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalgeographic.org/thisday/oct30/rumble-jungle/">"Oct 30, 1974 CE: Rumble in the Jungle"</a>. National Geographic. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220214170110/https://www.nationalgeographic.org/thisday/oct30/rumble-jungle/">Archived</a> from the original on February 14, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 14,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Oct+30%2C+1974+CE%3A+Rumble+in+the+Jungle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalgeographic.org%2Fthisday%2Foct30%2Frumble-jungle%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9tkZAQAAMAAJ&q=26+million">"Daily Mirror"</a>. Longman Asia. November 1, 1974. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789623599856" title="Special:BookSources/9789623599856"><bdi>9789623599856</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002534/https://books.google.com/books?id=9tkZAQAAMAAJ&q=26+million">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>. <q><span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Ali is so tired he cannot raise his hands. ' The next moment Ali raised his fists and Foreman was knocked out. The 26 million who saw the same fight with the same commentary on BBC-1 ... did not hear that line. "Yes, we cut it out, ' said a BBC man last night, 'to spare Harry Carpenter's blushes.'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Daily+Mirror&rft.date=1974-11-01&rft.isbn=9789623599856&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9tkZAQAAMAAJ%26q%3D26%2Bmillion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFAnderson1975" class="citation news cs1">Anderson, Dave (May 17, 1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1975/05/17/archives/ali-after-a-slow-start-stops-lyle-in-11th-round-of-championship.html">"Ali, After a Slow Start, Stops Lyle In 11th Round of Championship Bout"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180701002010/https://www.nytimes.com/1975/05/17/archives/ali-after-a-slow-start-stops-lyle-in-11th-round-of-championship.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 1, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Ali%2C+After+a+Slow+Start%2C+Stops+Lyle+In+11th+Round+of+Championship+Bout&rft.date=1975-05-17&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1975%2F05%2F17%2Farchives%2Fali-after-a-slow-start-stops-lyle-in-11th-round-of-championship.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ringtv.com/412109-the-ring-archive-muhammad-ali-and-the-pussy-cat/">"The RING Archive: Muhammad Ali and the pussy cat"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Ring_(magazine)" title="The Ring (magazine)">The Ring</a></i>. February 20, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180701083328/https://www.ringtv.com/412109-the-ring-archive-muhammad-ali-and-the-pussy-cat/">Archived</a> from the original on July 1, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Ring&rft.atitle=The+RING+Archive%3A+Muhammad+Ali+and+the+pussy+cat&rft.date=2016-02-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ringtv.com%2F412109-the-ring-archive-muhammad-ali-and-the-pussy-cat%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newspaperarchive.com/northwest-arkansas-times-jan-26-1977-p-12/">"Boxing Back On The Tube In A Big Way"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Arkansas_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Northwest Arkansas Times">Northwest Arkansas Times</a></i>. January 26, 1977. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180702175652/https://newspaperarchive.com/northwest-arkansas-times-jan-26-1977-p-12/">Archived</a> from the original on July 2, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northwest+Arkansas+Times&rft.atitle=Boxing+Back+On+The+Tube+In+A+Big+Way&rft.date=1977-01-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewspaperarchive.com%2Fnorthwest-arkansas-times-jan-26-1977-p-12%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-jet-shavers-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jet-shavers_143-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jet-shavers_143-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nrsDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA54">"Ali-Shavers Bout Most Watched In TV History"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Jet_(magazine)" title="Jet (magazine)">Jet</a></i>. <b>53</b> (5). <a href="/wiki/Johnson_Publishing_Company" title="Johnson Publishing Company">Johnson Publishing Company</a>: 54. October 20, 1977. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002535/https://books.google.com/books?id=nrsDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA54#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jet&rft.atitle=Ali-Shavers+Bout+Most+Watched+In+TV+History&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=54&rft.date=1977-10-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnrsDAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA54&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFMcKirdy2016" class="citation news cs1">McKirdy, Andrew (June 7, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/sports/2016/06/07/more-sports/boxing-2/how-a-bizarre-bout-of-the-century-between-muhammad-ali-and-antonio-inoki-led-to-a-firm-friendship/">"How a bizarre 'bout of the century' between Muhammad Ali and Antonio Inoki led to a firm friendship"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Japan_Times" title="The Japan Times">The Japan Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200130212544/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/sports/2016/06/07/more-sports/boxing-2/how-a-bizarre-bout-of-the-century-between-muhammad-ali-and-antonio-inoki-led-to-a-firm-friendship/">Archived</a> from the original on January 30, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Japan+Times&rft.atitle=How+a+bizarre+%27bout+of+the+century%27+between+Muhammad+Ali+and+Antonio+Inoki+led+to+a+firm+friendship&rft.date=2016-06-07&rft.aulast=McKirdy&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.japantimes.co.jp%2Fsports%2F2016%2F06%2F07%2Fmore-sports%2Fboxing-2%2Fhow-a-bizarre-bout-of-the-century-between-muhammad-ali-and-antonio-inoki-led-to-a-firm-friendship%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFDwight_Jaynes2017" class="citation news cs1">Dwight Jaynes (June 15, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221011144136/https://www.nbcsports.com/northwest/more/mcgregor-mayweather-reminds-me-ali-inoki-and-could-be-same-sort-fiasco">"McGregor-Mayweather reminds me of Ali-Inoki and could be the same sort of fiasco"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NBC_Sports" title="NBC Sports">NBC Sports</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcsports.com/northwest/more/mcgregor-mayweather-reminds-me-ali-inoki-and-could-be-same-sort-fiasco">the original</a> on October 11, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NBC+Sports&rft.atitle=McGregor-Mayweather+reminds+me+of+Ali-Inoki+and+could+be+the+same+sort+of+fiasco&rft.date=2017-06-15&rft.au=Dwight+Jaynes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcsports.com%2Fnorthwest%2Fmore%2Fmcgregor-mayweather-reminds-me-ali-inoki-and-could-be-same-sort-fiasco&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.yahoo.com/news/ten-highest-rated-japanese-mma-182200552--spt.html">"Ten highest-rated Japanese MMA matches"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Yahoo!_Sports" title="Yahoo! Sports">Yahoo! Sports</a></i>. December 21, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221011144126/https://www.yahoo.com/news/ten-highest-rated-japanese-mma-182200552--spt.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 11, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Yahoo%21+Sports&rft.atitle=Ten+highest-rated+Japanese+MMA+matches&rft.date=2007-12-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.yahoo.com%2Fnews%2Ften-highest-rated-japanese-mma-182200552--spt.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFHolmesBerger2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Larry_Holmes" title="Larry Holmes">Holmes, Larry</a>; Berger, Phil (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dVr5RepSf6AC&pg=PA124"><i>Larry Holmes: Against the Odds</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Macmillan_Publishers" title="Macmillan Publishers">Macmillan</a>. p. 124. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781429975544" title="Special:BookSources/9781429975544"><bdi>9781429975544</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002535/https://books.google.com/books?id=dVr5RepSf6AC&pg=PA124#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Larry+Holmes%3A+Against+the+Odds&rft.pages=124&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9781429975544&rft.aulast=Holmes&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft.au=Berger%2C+Phil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdVr5RepSf6AC%26pg%3DPA124&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/211185428/">"CBS was big winner when Spinks beat Ali"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_(Shreveport)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Times (Shreveport)">The Times</a></i>. February 24, 1978. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180703133450/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/211185428/">Archived</a> from the original on July 3, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=CBS+was+big+winner+when+Spinks+beat+Ali&rft.date=1978-02-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F211185428%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Detroit-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Detroit_149-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/98931508/">"Ali maps plans to retire with cameras running"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Free_Press" title="Detroit Free Press">Detroit Free Press</a></i>. February 1, 1979. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210308105345/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/98931508/">Archived</a> from the original on March 8, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Detroit+Free+Press&rft.atitle=Ali+maps+plans+to+retire+with+cameras+running&rft.date=1979-02-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F98931508%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-washington_post-150"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-washington_post_150-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/leon-spinks-who-beat-muhammad-ali-in-historic-upset-in-1978-dies-at-67/2021/02/06/e66b394c-1c4d-11ea-8d58-5ac3600967a1_story.html">"Leon Spinks, who beat Muhammad Ali in historic upset in 1978, dies at 67"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210515184806/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/leon-spinks-who-beat-muhammad-ali-in-historic-upset-in-1978-dies-at-67/2021/02/06/e66b394c-1c4d-11ea-8d58-5ac3600967a1_story.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 15, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 29,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Leon+Spinks%2C+who+beat+Muhammad+Ali+in+historic+upset+in+1978%2C+dies+at+67&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Fobituaries%2Fleon-spinks-who-beat-muhammad-ali-in-historic-upset-in-1978-dies-at-67%2F2021%2F02%2F06%2Fe66b394c-1c4d-11ea-8d58-5ac3600967a1_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-151"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/107182950/">"ABC Captures Huge First Week Ratings"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Indianapolis_Star" title="The Indianapolis Star">The Indianapolis Star</a></i>. September 20, 1978. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230320111231/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/107182950/">Archived</a> from the original on March 20, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Indianapolis+Star&rft.atitle=ABC+Captures+Huge+First+Week+Ratings&rft.date=1978-09-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F107182950%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-bloodyelbow-152"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bloodyelbow_152-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bloodyelbow_152-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bloodyelbow_152-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bloodyelbow_152-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bloodyelbow_152-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloodyelbow.com/2017/8/24/16170894/history-of-prizefightings-biggest-money-fights-boxing-mma-ufc">"History of Prizefighting's Biggest Money Fights"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bloody_Elbow" title="Bloody Elbow">Bloody Elbow</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/SB_Nation" title="SB Nation">SB Nation</a>. August 24, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181023055845/https://www.bloodyelbow.com/2017/8/24/16170894/history-of-prizefightings-biggest-money-fights-boxing-mma-ufc">Archived</a> from the original on October 23, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloody+Elbow&rft.atitle=History+of+Prizefighting%27s+Biggest+Money+Fights&rft.date=2017-08-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloodyelbow.com%2F2017%2F8%2F24%2F16170894%2Fhistory-of-prizefightings-biggest-money-fights-boxing-mma-ufc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-eyeonthering-153"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-eyeonthering_153-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eyeonthering_153-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eyeonthering.com/fighters/muhammad-ali">"Muhammad Ali Fights in the Vault"</a>. <i>Eye On The Ring</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180917105250/https://eyeonthering.com/fighters/muhammad-ali">Archived</a> from the original on September 17, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 16,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Eye+On+The+Ring&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali+Fights+in+the+Vault&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feyeonthering.com%2Ffighters%2Fmuhammad-ali&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-154"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/107794061/">"Invitation To Murder: Cassius May Get A Crack At Liston This Summer"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Courier-Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="The Courier-Journal">The Courier-Journal</a></i>. March 14, 1963. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191116114456/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/107794061/">Archived</a> from the original on November 16, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Courier-Journal&rft.atitle=Invitation+To+Murder%3A+Cassius+May+Get+A+Crack+At+Liston+This+Summer&rft.date=1963-03-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F107794061%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-newspapers1963-155"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-newspapers1963_155-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-newspapers1963_155-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/54847931/">"Clay-Jones Fight First Garden Sellout in 13 Yrs"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Traverse_City_Record-Eagle" title="Traverse City Record-Eagle">Traverse City Record-Eagle</a></i>. March 13, 1963. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180630081133/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/54847931/">Archived</a> from the original on June 30, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Traverse+City+Record-Eagle&rft.atitle=Clay-Jones+Fight+First+Garden+Sellout+in+13+Yrs&rft.date=1963-03-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F54847931%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Ezra-156"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ezra_156-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ezra_156-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="en" dir="ltr">Cite error: The named reference <code>Ezra</code> was invoked but never defined (see the <a href="/wiki/Help:Cite_errors/Cite_error_references_no_text" title="Help:Cite errors/Cite error references no text">help page</a>).</span></li>
<li id="cite_note-157"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nmaahc.si.edu/object/nmaahc_2014.194.2">"Muhammad Ali v. Floyd Patterson boxing ticket"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_African_American_History_and_Culture" title="National Museum of African American History and Culture">National Museum of African American History and Culture</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution" title="Smithsonian Institution">Smithsonian Institution</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180917105304/https://nmaahc.si.edu/object/nmaahc_2014.194.2">Archived</a> from the original on September 17, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 16,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Museum+of+African+American+History+and+Culture&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali+v.+Floyd+Patterson+boxing+ticket&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnmaahc.si.edu%2Fobject%2Fnmaahc_2014.194.2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-158"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/48685114/">"Clay Selects Terrell As Next Title Foe"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Independent_Tribune" title="Independent Tribune">The Daily Independent</a></i>. November 23, 1965. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191116114457/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/48685114/">Archived</a> from the original on November 16, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Independent&rft.atitle=Clay+Selects+Terrell+As+Next+Title+Foe&rft.date=1965-11-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F48685114%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Ezra16-159"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ezra16_159-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ezra16_159-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFEzra2013" class="citation book cs1">Ezra, Michael (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QfTOECi6wtYC&pg=RA3-PA16">"Muhammad Ali's Main Bout: African American Economic Power and the World Heavyweight Title"</a>. <i>The Economic Civil Rights Movement: African Americans and the Struggle for Economic Power</i>. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. p. 16. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781136274749" title="Special:BookSources/9781136274749"><bdi>9781136274749</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002536/https://books.google.com/books?id=QfTOECi6wtYC&pg=RA3-PA16#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali%27s+Main+Bout%3A+African+American+Economic+Power+and+the+World+Heavyweight+Title&rft.btitle=The+Economic+Civil+Rights+Movement%3A+African+Americans+and+the+Struggle+for+Economic+Power&rft.pages=16&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781136274749&rft.aulast=Ezra&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQfTOECi6wtYC%26pg%3DRA3-PA16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Ezra114-160"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ezra114_160-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ezra114_160-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ezra114_160-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ezra114_160-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ezra114_160-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFEzra2013" class="citation book cs1">Ezra, Michael (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DL41bsCigZcC&pg=PA114">"Muhammad Ali's Main Bout: African American Economic Power and the World Heavyweight Title"</a>. <i>The Economic Civil Rights Movement: African Americans and the Struggle for Economic Power</i>. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. p. 114. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781136274756" title="Special:BookSources/9781136274756"><bdi>9781136274756</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002537/https://books.google.com/books?id=DL41bsCigZcC&pg=PA114#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali%27s+Main+Bout%3A+African+American+Economic+Power+and+the+World+Heavyweight+Title&rft.btitle=The+Economic+Civil+Rights+Movement%3A+African+Americans+and+the+Struggle+for+Economic+Power&rft.pages=114&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781136274756&rft.aulast=Ezra&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDL41bsCigZcC%26pg%3DPA114&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-161"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/52514887/">"The Times"</a>. August 9, 1966. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180911083406/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/52514887/">Archived</a> from the original on September 11, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Times&rft.date=1966-08-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F52514887%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Philadelphia-162"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Philadelphia_162-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Philadelphia_162-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/179875868/">"Terrell Gets Crack at Unbeaten Clay"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Philadelphia_Inquirer" title="The Philadelphia Inquirer">The Philadelphia Inquirer</a></i>. February 5, 1967. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191116114500/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/179875868/">Archived</a> from the original on November 16, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philadelphia+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Terrell+Gets+Crack+at+Unbeaten+Clay&rft.date=1967-02-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F179875868%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Enterprise-163"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Enterprise_163-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enterprisenews.com/article/20090901/News/309019646">"Ali vs. Marciano: Who wins?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Enterprise_(Brockton)" title="The Enterprise (Brockton)">The Enterprise</a></i>. September 1, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160914161353/http://www.enterprisenews.com/article/20090901/News/309019646">Archived</a> from the original on September 14, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 19,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Enterprise&rft.atitle=Ali+vs.+Marciano%3A+Who+wins%3F&rft.date=2009-09-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.enterprisenews.com%2Farticle%2F20090901%2FNews%2F309019646&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Sullivan-164"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan_164-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan_164-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFSullivan2002" class="citation book cs1">Sullivan, Russell (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BH4LHMbERT8C&pg=PA286"><i>Rocky Marciano: The Rock of His Times</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Illinois_Press" title="University of Illinois Press">University of Illinois Press</a>. p. 286. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780252027635" title="Special:BookSources/9780252027635"><bdi>9780252027635</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231106002537/https://books.google.com/books?id=BH4LHMbERT8C&pg=PA286#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rocky+Marciano%3A+The+Rock+of+His+Times&rft.pages=286&rft.pub=University+of+Illinois+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9780252027635&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBH4LHMbERT8C%26pg%3DPA286&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-165"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/398063977/">"Dayton Daily News"</a>. January 21, 1970. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180911081748/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/398063977/">Archived</a> from the original on September 11, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Dayton+Daily+News&rft.date=1970-01-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F398063977%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-166"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newspaperarchive.com/auburn-citizen-advertiser-oct-27-1970-p-17/">"Ali wants Frazier after TKO over Quarry"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Auburn_Citizen" class="mw-redirect" title="Auburn Citizen">Auburn Citizen</a></i>. October 27, 1970. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180702011155/https://newspaperarchive.com/auburn-citizen-advertiser-oct-27-1970-p-17/">Archived</a> from the original on July 2, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Auburn+Citizen&rft.atitle=Ali+wants+Frazier+after+TKO+over+Quarry&rft.date=1970-10-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewspaperarchive.com%2Fauburn-citizen-advertiser-oct-27-1970-p-17%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-167"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/207159853/">"Clay-Quarry fight to gross $3.5 million"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Battle_Creek_Enquirer" title="Battle Creek Enquirer">Battle Creek Enquirer</a></i>. November 10, 1970. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191116114458/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/207159853/">Archived</a> from the original on November 16, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Battle+Creek+Enquirer&rft.atitle=Clay-Quarry+fight+to+gross+%243.5+million&rft.date=1970-11-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F207159853%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-168"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFFrazierBerger2013" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Frazier, Joe</a>; Berger, Phil (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6_cuDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT104"><i>Smokin' Joe: The Autobiography of a Heavyweight Champion of the World, Smokin' Joe Frazier</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/AudioGO" title="AudioGO">AudioGO</a>. p. 104. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781620642160" title="Special:BookSources/9781620642160"><bdi>9781620642160</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003054/https://books.google.com/books?id=6_cuDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT104">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Smokin%27+Joe%3A+The+Autobiography+of+a+Heavyweight+Champion+of+the+World%2C+Smokin%27+Joe+Frazier&rft.pages=104&rft.pub=AudioGO&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781620642160&rft.aulast=Frazier&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft.au=Berger%2C+Phil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6_cuDQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT104&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-169"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFRyan2013" class="citation book cs1">Ryan, Joe (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xY4I-7T4Q5gC&pg=PA65"><i>Heavyweight Boxing in the 1970s: The Great Fighters and Rivalries</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/McFarland_%26_Company" title="McFarland & Company">McFarland</a>. p. 65. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780786492497" title="Special:BookSources/9780786492497"><bdi>9780786492497</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003100/https://books.google.com/books?id=xY4I-7T4Q5gC&pg=PA65#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Heavyweight+Boxing+in+the+1970s%3A+The+Great+Fighters+and+Rivalries&rft.pages=65&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9780786492497&rft.aulast=Ryan&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxY4I-7T4Q5gC%26pg%3DPA65&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-170"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/98957162/">"The Promoters Loved the Fight But Some Fans Call It 'a Bore'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Free_Press" title="Detroit Free Press">Detroit Free Press</a></i>. March 10, 1971. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210511015929/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/98957162/">Archived</a> from the original on May 11, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Detroit+Free+Press&rft.atitle=The+Promoters+Loved+the+Fight+But+Some+Fans+Call+It+%27a+Bore%27&rft.date=1971-03-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F98957162%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-171"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/212171990/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Bugner's British Bunch' Travels To See Ali Bout"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_News-Press" title="The News-Press">The News-Press</a></i>. February 2, 1973. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210511162703/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/212171990/">Archived</a> from the original on May 11, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+News-Press&rft.atitle=%27Bugner%27s+British+Bunch%27+Travels+To+See+Ali+Bout&rft.date=1973-02-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F212171990%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Philadelphia73-172"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Philadelphia73_172-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Philadelphia73_172-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/180359569/">"Ali—Old Punch Gone—Still Gets Big Offers"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Philadelphia_Inquirer" title="The Philadelphia Inquirer">The Philadelphia Inquirer</a></i>. February 16, 1973. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180703133448/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/180359569/">Archived</a> from the original on July 3, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philadelphia+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Ali%E2%80%94Old+Punch+Gone%E2%80%94Still+Gets+Big+Offers&rft.date=1973-02-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F180359569%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Lompoc-173"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lompoc_173-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lompoc_173-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newspaperarchive.com/lompoc-record-jan-29-1974-p-6/">"Ali-Frazier show is a hit"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Lompoc_Record" title="Lompoc Record">Lompoc Record</a></i>. January 29, 1974. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180702012747/https://newspaperarchive.com/lompoc-record-jan-29-1974-p-6/">Archived</a> from the original on July 2, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lompoc+Record&rft.atitle=Ali-Frazier+show+is+a+hit&rft.date=1974-01-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewspaperarchive.com%2Flompoc-record-jan-29-1974-p-6%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-174"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/28336306/">"Zaire's fight promotion opens new gold mines"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Morning_Herald" class="mw-redirect" title="The Morning Herald">The Morning Herald</a></i>. November 18, 1974. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200805080748/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/28336306/">Archived</a> from the original on August 5, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Zaire%27s+fight+promotion+opens+new+gold+mines&rft.date=1974-11-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F28336306%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-175"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XltXAAAAYAAJ&q=ali+foreman+100+million">"New Times"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/New_Times_(magazine)" title="New Times (magazine)">New Times</a></i>. <b>3</b>. New Times Communications Corp.: 116 1974. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003051/https://books.google.com/books?id=XltXAAAAYAAJ&q=ali+foreman+100+million">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>. <q>No, if the Ali-Foreman story is just going to be about Race and Religion, forget the millions of dollars this fight can make, forget the shot in the arm this championship bout will give to boxing, forget gigundo grosses from the documentary movies of the fight, the training camps and that three-day black music festival in Zaire, forget that possible total of $100 million in revenues</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Times&rft.atitle=New+Times&rft.volume=3&rft.pages=116&rft.date=1974&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXltXAAAAYAAJ%26q%3Dali%2Bforeman%2B100%2Bmillion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-176"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFKabanda1977" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kabanda, Aloys (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=O74KAQAAIAAJ"><i>Ali/Foreman: le combat du siècle à Kinshasa, 29–30 octobre 1974 : introduit par une étude sur la République du Zaïre</i></a> (in French). Naaman. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003051/https://books.google.com/books?id=O74KAQAAIAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>. <q>Soit, pour Don King et ses amis, c'est la fin de leurs dépenses d'énergie pour trouver de l'argent nécessaire pour le coup le plus formidable jamais réalisé dans le show-boxing business et il prévoit une recette pouvant aller de 35 à 100 millions de dollars.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ali%2FForeman%3A+le+combat+du+si%C3%A8cle+%C3%A0+Kinshasa%2C+29%E2%80%9330+octobre+1974+%3A+introduit+par+une+%C3%A9tude+sur+la+R%C3%A9publique+du+Za%C3%AFre&rft.pub=Naaman&rft.date=1977&rft.aulast=Kabanda&rft.aufirst=Aloys&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DO74KAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-177"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/43266833/">"All batters Wepner in 15-round win"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Capital" title="The Capital">The Capital</a></i>. March 25, 1975. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180705175723/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/43266833/">Archived</a> from the original on July 5, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Capital&rft.atitle=All+batters+Wepner+in+15-round+win&rft.date=1975-03-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F43266833%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-178"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/55716764/">"Promoter likes format used for Mon. fight"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Traverse_City_Record-Eagle" title="Traverse City Record-Eagle">Traverse City Record-Eagle</a></i>. March 26, 1975. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180109/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/55716764/">Archived</a> from the original on July 5, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Traverse+City+Record-Eagle&rft.atitle=Promoter+likes+format+used+for+Mon.+fight&rft.date=1975-03-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F55716764%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-179"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XtUDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA35">"Karriem Allah"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Black_Belt_(magazine)" title="Black Belt (magazine)">Black Belt</a></i>. Active Interest Media, Inc.: 35 1976. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003052/https://books.google.com/books?id=XtUDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA35#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Black+Belt&rft.atitle=Karriem+Allah&rft.pages=35&rft.date=1976&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXtUDAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA35&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-180"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFStravinsky1998" class="citation book cs1">Stravinsky, John (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9ZLFk0KqxUcC&q=millions"><i>Muhammad Ali</i></a>. Literary Express. p. 133. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781581650457" title="Special:BookSources/9781581650457"><bdi>9781581650457</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003057/https://books.google.com/books?id=9ZLFk0KqxUcC&q=millions">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>. <q>Probably the dullest event in sports history, it was watched by millions over closed-circuit television as well as by suckers in Tokyo who forked over $1,000 per ringside seat.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muhammad+Ali&rft.pages=133&rft.pub=Literary+Express&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9781581650457&rft.aulast=Stravinsky&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9ZLFk0KqxUcC%26q%3Dmillions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-181"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFBull2009" class="citation news cs1">Bull, Andy (November 11, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2009/nov/11/the-forgotten-story-of-ali-inoki">"The forgotten story of ... Muhammad Ali v Antonio Inoki"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151226185741/http://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2009/nov/11/the-forgotten-story-of-ali-inoki">Archived</a> from the original on December 26, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+forgotten+story+of+...+Muhammad+Ali+v+Antonio+Inoki&rft.date=2009-11-11&rft.aulast=Bull&rft.aufirst=Andy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fsport%2Fblog%2F2009%2Fnov%2F11%2Fthe-forgotten-story-of-ali-inoki&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-182"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/45803479/">"Ali Wins On Decision"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Danville_Register_%26_Bee" title="Danville Register & Bee">The Bee</a></i>. September 29, 1976. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191116114505/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/45803479/">Archived</a> from the original on November 16, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Bee&rft.atitle=Ali+Wins+On+Decision&rft.date=1976-09-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F45803479%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-183"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/277453071/">"Ali, Norton meet Tuesday in title fight"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Hattiesburg_American" title="Hattiesburg American">Hattiesburg American</a></i>. September 26, 1976. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180702011454/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/277453071/">Archived</a> from the original on July 2, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hattiesburg+American&rft.atitle=Ali%2C+Norton+meet+Tuesday+in+title+fight&rft.date=1976-09-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F277453071%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-184"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://boxrec.com/media/index.php/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ken_Norton_(3rd_meeting)">"Muhammad Ali vs. Ken Norton (3rd meeting)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BoxRec" title="BoxRec">BoxRec</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180919061701/http://boxrec.com/media/index.php/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ken_Norton_(3rd_meeting)">Archived</a> from the original on September 19, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 17,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BoxRec&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Ali+vs.+Ken+Norton+%283rd+meeting%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fboxrec.com%2Fmedia%2Findex.php%2FMuhammad_Ali_vs._Ken_Norton_%283rd_meeting%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-185"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sportskeeda.com/wwe/wrestlemania-in-photographs-1-10">"Wrestlemania In Photographs: 1–10"</a>. <i>Sportskeeda</i>. April 1, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201031001134/https://www.sportskeeda.com/wwe/wrestlemania-in-photographs-1-10">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sportskeeda&rft.atitle=Wrestlemania+In+Photographs%3A+1%E2%80%9310&rft.date=2017-04-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sportskeeda.com%2Fwwe%2Fwrestlemania-in-photographs-1-10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-186"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/223114664/">"St. Cloud Times"</a>. April 1, 1985. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180706190701/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/223114664/">Archived</a> from the original on July 6, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=St.+Cloud+Times&rft.date=1985-04-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F223114664%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-askmen-187"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-askmen_187-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFSteve_Seepersaud" class="citation web cs1">Steve Seepersaud. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070310081737/http://ca.askmen.com/sports/business_60/99_sports_business.html">"Money in Boxing: The Pay-Per-View Craze"</a>. Ca.askmen.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ca.askmen.com/sports/business_60/99_sports_business.html">the original</a> on March 10, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 3,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Money+in+Boxing%3A+The+Pay-Per-View+Craze&rft.pub=Ca.askmen.com&rft.au=Steve+Seepersaud&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fca.askmen.com%2Fsports%2Fbusiness_60%2F99_sports_business.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-188"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFSteve_Seepersaud" class="citation web cs1">Steve Seepersaud. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/93599Productions">"Money in Boxing: The Pay-Per-View Craze"</a>. Ca.askmen.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130906164204/http://www.youtube.com/user/93599Productions">Archived</a> from the original on September 6, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 3,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Money+in+Boxing%3A+The+Pay-Per-View+Craze&rft.pub=Ca.askmen.com&rft.au=Steve+Seepersaud&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fuser%2F93599Productions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-189"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180511191906/http://www.projectstraightink.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/1972-12-11-BC-watermark.pdf#page=38">"Can the fine arts find a home on television?"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Broadcasting_%26_Cable" title="Broadcasting & Cable">Broadcasting</a></i>. <b>83</b>. Broadcasting Publications Incorporated: 38. 1972. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.projectstraightink.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/1972-12-11-BC-watermark.pdf#page=38">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on May 11, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>. <q>Noting that many in the arts community have rested their hopes on pay cable, Mr. Jencks recalled that during a pay-TV experiment over WHCT(TV) Hartford, Conn., 96% of all viewing time was devoted to motion pictures and sports events. A single boxing match between Sonny Liston and Muhammad Ali, Mr. Jencks said, attracted nearly four times as many subscribers as the cumulative total of all 50 "educational features" offered by WHCT over a two-year period.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Broadcasting&rft.atitle=Can+the+fine+arts+find+a+home+on+television%3F&rft.volume=83&rft.pages=38&rft.date=1972&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.projectstraightink.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2016%2F07%2F1972-12-11-BC-watermark.pdf%23page%3D38&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-190"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-190">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/149113437/">"Pay Television on Trial"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Pittsburgh_Press" title="The Pittsburgh Press">The Pittsburgh Press</a></i>. February 4, 1963. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180701055156/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/149113437/">Archived</a> from the original on July 1, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Pittsburgh+Press&rft.atitle=Pay+Television+on+Trial&rft.date=1963-02-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F149113437%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-191"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED136808.pdf#page=6"><i>Subscription Television (STV – Pay TV)</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Federal_Communications_Commission" title="Federal Communications Commission">Federal Communications Commission</a>. December 1976. p. 6. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170217205720/http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED136808.pdf#page=6">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on February 17, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Subscription+Television+%28STV+%E2%80%93+Pay+TV%29&rft.pages=6&rft.pub=Federal+Communications+Commission&rft.date=1976-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffiles.eric.ed.gov%2Ffulltext%2FED136808.pdf%23page%3D6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-192"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-192">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/30704373/">"Need Convincing Fight to Restore Confidence"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Independent_Press-Telegram" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent Press-Telegram">Independent Press-Telegram</a></i>. November 21, 1965. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180630214109/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/30704373/">Archived</a> from the original on June 30, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Independent+Press-Telegram&rft.atitle=Need+Convincing+Fight+to+Restore+Confidence&rft.date=1965-11-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F30704373%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-193"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-193">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sIspAQAAIAAJ&q=Clay+Cooper">"BKSTS Journal"</a>. <i>BKSTS Journal</i>. <b>55</b>. <a href="/wiki/British_Kinematograph,_Sound_and_Television_Society" title="British Kinematograph, Sound and Television Society">British Kinematograph, Sound and Television Society</a>: 46. 1973. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003053/https://books.google.com/books?id=sIspAQAAIAAJ&q=Clay+Cooper">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>. <q>In 1966 Pay TV started a 3-year experiment in transmitting films, minority appeal programmes, sporting events and local programmes for which the viewer paid for the period of time during which he was actually viewing. This varied from six shillings for a film to £4 for the entire boxing show which included Cassius Clay v. Henry Cooper.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BKSTS+Journal&rft.atitle=BKSTS+Journal&rft.volume=55&rft.pages=46&rft.date=1973&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsIspAQAAIAAJ%26q%3DClay%2BCooper&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-sauder-194"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sauder_194-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fx.sauder.ubc.ca/etc/USDpages.pdf">"Pacific Exchange Rate Service (0.35714 GBP per USD)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/UBC_Sauder_School_of_Business" title="UBC Sauder School of Business">UBC Sauder School of Business</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_British_Columbia" title="University of British Columbia">University of British Columbia</a>. 1966. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150512095429/http://fx.sauder.ubc.ca/etc/USDpages.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on May 12, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 21,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UBC+Sauder+School+of+Business&rft.atitle=Pacific+Exchange+Rate+Service+%280.35714+GBP+per+USD%29&rft.date=1966&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffx.sauder.ubc.ca%2Fetc%2FUSDpages.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-195"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-195">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFEzra2013" class="citation book cs1">Ezra, Michael (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DL41bsCigZcC&pg=PA115"><i>The Economic Civil Rights Movement: African Americans and the Struggle for Economic Power</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. p. 115. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781136274756" title="Special:BookSources/9781136274756"><bdi>9781136274756</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Economic+Civil+Rights+Movement%3A+African+Americans+and+the+Struggle+for+Economic+Power&rft.pages=115&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781136274756&rft.aulast=Ezra&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDL41bsCigZcC%26pg%3DPA115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-196"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-196">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2003" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Ronald A. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CMKqn6LzsBIC&pg=PP101"><i>Play-by-Play: Radio, Television, and Big-Time College Sport</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_University_Press" title="Johns Hopkins University Press">Johns Hopkins University Press</a>. p. 101. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780801876929" title="Special:BookSources/9780801876929"><bdi>9780801876929</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231106003634/https://books.google.com/books?id=CMKqn6LzsBIC&pg=PP101#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Play-by-Play%3A+Radio%2C+Television%2C+and+Big-Time+College+Sport&rft.pages=101&rft.pub=Johns+Hopkins+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9780801876929&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Ronald+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCMKqn6LzsBIC%26pg%3DPP101&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-197"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-197">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/157225369/">"The Morning News"</a>. November 30, 1975. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180630185942/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/157225369/">Archived</a> from the original on June 30, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Morning+News&rft.date=1975-11-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F157225369%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-198"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-198">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newspaperarchive.com/lowell-sun-nov-28-1981-p-16/">"Cable packaging next Ali fight"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Lowell_Sun" class="mw-redirect" title="Lowell Sun">Lowell Sun</a></i>. November 28, 1981. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180701194206/https://newspaperarchive.com/lowell-sun-nov-28-1981-p-16/">Archived</a> from the original on July 1, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lowell+Sun&rft.atitle=Cable+packaging+next+Ali+fight&rft.date=1981-11-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewspaperarchive.com%2Flowell-sun-nov-28-1981-p-16%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoxing+career+of+Muhammad+Ali" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
</ol></div></div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boxing_career_of_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" class="extiw" title="q:Muhammad Ali">Muhammad Ali</a></b></i>.</div></div>
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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Muhammad_Ali" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Muhammad Ali">Muhammad Ali</a></span>.</div></div>
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<ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181112191859/http://muhammadali.com:80/">Official website</a></span></span> (November 2018 archive)</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://boxrec.com/en/boxer/000180">Boxing record for Boxing career of Muhammad Ali</a> from <a href="/wiki/BoxRec" title="BoxRec">BoxRec</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(registration required)</span></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://boxrec.com/media/index.php/NYSAC_World_Heavyweight_Champion">NYSAC World Heavyweight Champion – BoxRec</a></li></ul>
<table class="wikitable succession-box mw-collapsible autocollapse" style="margin: 0 auto 0 auto; font-size:95%;clear:both;">
<tbody><tr>
<th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #78FF78;">Sporting positions
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="5" style="border-left: none; border-right: none; border-bottom: none; text-align: center; background:#C1D8FF; font-weight: bold;">Amateur boxing titles
</td></tr>
<tr style="text-align: center;">
<td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">Previous:<br /><b>Kent Green</b>
</td>
<td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_US_national_Golden_Gloves_light_heavyweight_champions" title="List of US national Golden Gloves light heavyweight champions">U.S. Golden Gloves<br />light heavyweight champion</a> </b><br />1959
</td>
<td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Next:<br /><b>Jefferson Davis</b>
</td></tr>
<tr style="text-align: center;">
<td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">Previous:<br /><b>Sylvester Banks</b>
</td>
<td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_national_amateur_boxing_light_heavyweight_champions" title="List of United States national amateur boxing light heavyweight champions">U.S. light heavyweight champion</a> </b><br />1959, 1960
</td>
<td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Next:<br /><b>Bob Christopherson</b>
</td></tr>
<tr style="text-align: center;">
<td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">Previous:<br /><b>Jimmy Jones</b>
</td>
<td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_US_national_Golden_Gloves_heavyweight_champions" title="List of US national Golden Gloves heavyweight champions">U.S. Golden Gloves<br />heavyweight champion</a> </b><br />1960
</td>
<td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Next:<br /><b>Al Jenkins</b>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="5" style="border-left: none; border-right: none; border-bottom: none; text-align: center; background:#C1D8FF; font-weight: bold;">Regional boxing titles
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title last held by</div><b><a href="/wiki/Leotis_Martin" title="Leotis Martin">Leotis Martin</a> </b>
</td>
<td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_NABF_champions#Heavyweight" title="List of NABF champions">NABF heavyweight champion</a> </b><br />December 17, 1970 – <a href="/wiki/Fight_of_the_Century" title="Fight of the Century">March 8, 1971</a><br />Failed to win world title
</td>
<td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title next held by</div><b><a href="/wiki/George_Foreman" title="George Foreman">George Foreman</a> </b>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title last held by</div><b>George Foreman </b>
</td>
<td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> NABF heavyweight champion </b><br />July 26, 1971 – March 31, 1973
</td>
<td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ken_Norton" title="Ken Norton">Ken Norton</a></div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="text-align:center;">
<td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Ken Norton</div>
</td>
<td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> NABF heavyweight champion </b><br />September 10, 1973 – <a href="/wiki/The_Rumble_in_the_Jungle" title="The Rumble in the Jungle">October 30, 1974</a><br />Won world title
</td>
<td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title next held by</div><b>Ken Norton </b>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="5" style="border-left: none; border-right: none; border-bottom: none; text-align: center; background:#C1D8FF; font-weight: bold;">World boxing titles
</td></tr>
<tr style="text-align:center;">
<td style="width:30%;" rowspan="4">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Liston" title="Sonny Liston">Sonny Liston</a></div>
</td>
<td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_WBA_world_champions#Heavyweight" title="List of WBA world champions">WBA heavyweight champion</a> </b><br /><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Sonny_Liston#Liston_vs._Clay_I" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Sonny Liston">February 25, 1964</a> – September 14, 1964<br />Stripped
</td>
<td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title next held by</div><b><a href="/wiki/Ernie_Terrell" title="Ernie Terrell">Ernie Terrell</a> </b>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_WBC_world_champions#Heavyweight" title="List of WBC world champions">WBC heavyweight champion</a> </b><br />February 25, 1964 – March 11, 1969<br />Stripped
</td>
<td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="2"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title next held by</div><b><a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Joe Frazier</a> </b>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_The_Ring_world_champions#Heavyweight" title="List of The Ring world champions"><i>The Ring</i> heavyweight champion</a> </b><br />February 25, 1964 – March 13, 1970<br />Stripped
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_undisputed_boxing_champions#Heavyweight" class="mw-redirect" title="List of undisputed boxing champions">Undisputed heavyweight champion</a> </b><br />February 25, 1964 – September 14, 1964<br />Titles fragmented
</td>
<td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title next held by</div><b>Himself </b>
</td></tr>
<tr style="text-align:center;">
<td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Ernie Terrell</div>
</td>
<td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> WBA heavyweight champion </b><br /><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ernie_Terrell" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Ernie Terrell">February 6, 1967</a> – April 28, 1967<br />Stripped
</td>
<td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title next held by</div><b><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Ellis_(boxer)" title="Jimmy Ellis (boxer)">Jimmy Ellis</a> </b>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title last held by</div><b>Himself </b>
</td>
<td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Undisputed heavyweight champion </b><br />February 6, 1967 – April 28, 1967<br />Titles fragmented
</td>
<td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title next held by</div><b><a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Joe Frazier</a> </b>
</td></tr>
<tr style="text-align:center;">
<td style="width:30%;" rowspan="4">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">George Foreman</div>
</td>
<td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> WBA heavyweight champion </b><br />October 30, 1974 – February 15, 1978
</td>
<td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="4">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Leon_Spinks" title="Leon Spinks">Leon Spinks</a></div>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> WBC heavyweight champion </b><br />October 30, 1974 – February 15, 1978
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight champion </b><br />October 30, 1974 – February 15, 1978
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Undisputed heavyweight champion </b><br />October 30, 1974 – February 15, 1978
</td></tr>
<tr style="text-align:center;">
<td style="width:30%;" rowspan="2">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Leon Spinks</div>
</td>
<td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> WBA heavyweight champion </b><br />September 15, 1978 – October 18, 1979<br />Vacated
</td>
<td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title next held by</div><b><a href="/wiki/John_Tate_(boxer)" title="John Tate (boxer)">John Tate</a> </b>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <i>The Ring</i> heavyweight champion </b><br />September 15, 1978 – July 4, 1979<br />Retired
</td>
<td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title next held by</div><b><a href="/wiki/Larry_Holmes" title="Larry Holmes">Larry Holmes</a> </b>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFF179;">Awards
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;"><b>Inaugural award </b>
</td>
<td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_Press_International_Athlete_of_the_Year_Award#Male_winners" title="United Press International Athlete of the Year Award">United Press International<br />Athlete of the Year</a> </b><br />1974
</td>
<td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Next:<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Carlos_de_Oliveira" title="João Carlos de Oliveira">João Carlos de Oliveira</a></b>
</td></tr>
<tr style="text-align: center;">
<td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">Previous:<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Olga_Korbut" title="Olga Korbut">Olga Korbut</a></b>
</td>
<td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/BBC_Overseas_Sports_Personality_of_the_Year" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Overseas Sports Personality of the Year">BBC Overseas<br />Sports Personality of the Year</a> </b><br />1973, 1974
</td>
<td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Next:<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Ashe" title="Arthur Ashe">Arthur Ashe</a></b>
</td></tr>
<tr style="text-align: center;">
<td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">Previous:<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Niki_Lauda" title="Niki Lauda">Niki Lauda</a></b>
</td>
<td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> BBC Overseas<br />Sports Personality of the Year </b><br />1978
</td>
<td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Next:<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Bj%C3%B6rn_Borg" title="Björn Borg">Björn Borg</a></b>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFF179;">Records
</th></tr>
<tr style="text-align: center;">
<td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">Previous:<br /><b>Ernie Terrell</b>
</td>
<td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Oldest living<br />world heavyweight champion </b><br />December 16, 2014 – June 3, 2016
</td>
<td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Next:<br /><b>George Foreman</b>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #78FF78;"><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games">Olympic Games</a>
</th></tr>
<tr style="text-align: center;">
<td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">Previous:<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Haakon,_Crown_Prince_of_Norway" title="Haakon, Crown Prince of Norway">Haakon, Crown Prince of Norway</a></b>
</td>
<td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_who_have_lit_the_Olympic_Cauldron" class="mw-redirect" title="List of people who have lit the Olympic Cauldron">Final Olympic torchbearer</a> </b><br /><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_1996" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlanta 1996">Atlanta 1996</a>
</td>
<td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Next:<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Midori_Ito" title="Midori Ito">Midori Ito</a></b>
</td></tr>
<tr style="text-align: center;">
<td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">Previous:<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Rebollo" title="Antonio Rebollo">Antonio Rebollo</a></b>
</td>
<td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_who_have_lit_the_Olympic_Cauldron" class="mw-redirect" title="List of people who have lit the Olympic Cauldron">Final Summer Olympic torchbearer</a> </b><br /><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_1996" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlanta 1996">Atlanta 1996</a>
</td>
<td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Next:<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Cathy_Freeman" title="Cathy Freeman">Cathy Freeman</a></b>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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.navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Muhammad_Ali" title="Template:Muhammad Ali"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Muhammad_Ali" title="Template talk:Muhammad Ali"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Muhammad_Ali" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Muhammad Ali"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Muhammad_Ali" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Muhammad Ali</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fights</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics" title="Boxing at the 1960 Summer Olympics">Boxing at the 1960 Summer Olympics</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Tunney_Hunsaker" title="Cassius Clay vs. Tunney Hunsaker">Clay vs. Hunsaker</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Herb_Siler" title="Cassius Clay vs. Herb Siler">Clay vs. Siler</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Tony_Esperti" title="Cassius Clay vs. Tony Esperti">Clay vs. Esperti</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Jim_Robinson" title="Cassius Clay vs. Jim Robinson">Clay vs. Robinson</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Donnie_Fleeman" title="Cassius Clay vs. Donnie Fleeman">Clay vs. Fleeman</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Lamar_Clark" title="Cassius Clay vs. Lamar Clark">Clay vs. Clark</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Duke_Sabedong" title="Cassius Clay vs. Duke Sabedong">Clay vs. Sabedong</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Alonzo_Johnson" title="Cassius Clay vs. Alonzo Johnson">Clay vs. Johnson</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Alex_Miteff" title="Cassius Clay vs. Alex Miteff">Clay vs. Miteff</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Willi_Besmanoff" title="Cassius Clay vs. Willi Besmanoff">Clay vs. Besmanoff</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Sonny_Banks" title="Cassius Clay vs. Sonny Banks">Clay vs. Banks</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Don_Warner" title="Cassius Clay vs. Don Warner">Clay vs. Warner</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._George_Logan" title="Cassius Clay vs. George Logan">Clay vs. Logan</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Billy_Daniels" title="Cassius Clay vs. Billy Daniels">Clay vs. Daniels</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Alejandro_Lavorante" title="Cassius Clay vs. Alejandro Lavorante">Clay vs. Lavorante</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Archie_Moore" title="Cassius Clay vs. Archie Moore">Clay vs. Moore</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Charlie_Powell" title="Cassius Clay vs. Charlie Powell">Clay vs. Powell</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Doug_Jones" title="Cassius Clay vs. Doug Jones">Clay vs. Jones</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Clay_vs._Henry_Cooper" class="mw-redirect" title="Cassius Clay vs. Henry Cooper">Clay vs. Cooper</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Liston_vs._Cassius_Clay" class="mw-redirect" title="Sonny Liston vs. Cassius Clay">Liston vs. Clay</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Sonny_Liston" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Sonny Liston">Ali vs. Liston II</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Floyd_Patterson" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Floyd Patterson">Ali vs. Patterson</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._George_Chuvalo" title="Muhammad Ali vs. George Chuvalo">Ali vs. Chuvalo</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Henry_Cooper_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Henry Cooper II">Ali vs. Cooper II</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Brian_London" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Brian London">Ali vs. London</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Karl_Mildenberger" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Karl Mildenberger">Ali vs. Mildenberger</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ernie_Terrell" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Ernie Terrell">Ali vs. Terrell</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Cleveland_Williams" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Cleveland Williams">Ali vs. Williams</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Zora_Folley" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Zora Folley">Ali vs. Folley</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Jerry_Quarry" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jerry Quarry">Ali vs. Quarry</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Oscar_Bonavena" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Oscar Bonavena">Ali vs. Bonavena</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Fight_of_the_Century" title="Fight of the Century">Fight of the Century (Frazier vs. Ali I)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Jimmy_Ellis" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jimmy Ellis">Ali vs. Ellis</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Buster_Mathis" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Buster Mathis">Ali vs. Mathis</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._J%C3%BCrgen_Blin" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jürgen Blin">Ali vs. Blin</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Mac_Foster" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Mac Foster">Ali vs. M. Foster</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Al_Lewis" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Al Lewis">Ali vs. Lewis</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Floyd_Patterson_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Floyd Patterson II">Ali vs. Patterson II</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Bob_Foster" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Bob Foster">Ali vs. B. Foster</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Joe_Bugner" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Bugner">Ali vs. Bugner</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ken_Norton" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Ken Norton">Ali vs. Norton</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Norton_vs._Muhammad_Ali_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Ken Norton vs. Muhammad Ali II">Norton vs. Ali II</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Rudie_Lubbers" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Rudie Lubbers">Ali vs. Lubbers</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Joe_Frazier_II" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Frazier II">Ali vs. Frazier II</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/The_Rumble_in_the_Jungle" title="The Rumble in the Jungle">The Rumble in the Jungle (Foreman vs. Ali)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Chuck_Wepner" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Chuck Wepner">Ali vs. Wepner</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ron_Lyle" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Ron Lyle">Ali vs. Lyle</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Thrilla_in_Manila" title="Thrilla in Manila">Thrilla in Manila (Ali vs. Frazier III)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Jean-Pierre_Coopman" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jean-Pierre Coopman">Ali vs. Coopman</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Jimmy_Young" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Jimmy Young">Ali vs. Young</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Richard_Dunn" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Richard Dunn">Ali vs. Dunn</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Ken_Norton_III" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Ken Norton III">Ali vs. Norton III</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Alfredo_Evangelista" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Alfredo Evangelista">Ali vs. Evangelista</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Earnie_Shavers" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Earnie Shavers">Ali vs. Shavers</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Leon_Spinks" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Leon Spinks">Ali vs. Spinks</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Spinks_vs._Muhammad_Ali_II" title="Leon Spinks vs. Muhammad Ali II">Spinks vs. Ali II</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Holmes_vs._Muhammad_Ali" title="Larry Holmes vs. Muhammad Ali">Holmes vs. Ali</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Trevor_Berbick" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Trevor Berbick">Ali vs. Berbick</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_in_media_and_popular_culture" title="Muhammad Ali in media and popular culture">Media</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Greatest:_My_Own_Story" title="The Greatest: My Own Story">The Greatest: My Own Story</a></i> (1975 autobiography)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fight_(book)" title="The Fight (book)">The Fight</a></i> (1975)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali:_His_Life_and_Times" title="Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times">Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times</a></i> (1991 biography)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tao_of_Muhammad_Ali" title="The Tao of Muhammad Ali">The Tao of Muhammad Ali</a></i> (1997)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/King_of_the_World_(biography)" title="King of the World (biography)">King of the World</a></i> (1998 biography)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Facing_Ali_(book)" title="Facing Ali (book)">Facing Ali</a></i> (2002)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali:_The_Glory_Years" title="Muhammad Ali: The Glory Years">Muhammad Ali: The Glory Years</a></i> (2002 biography)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Soul_of_a_Butterfly" title="The Soul of a Butterfly">The Soul of a Butterfly</a></i> (2004 autobiography)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Twelve_Rounds_to_Glory" title="Twelve Rounds to Glory">Twelve Rounds to Glory</a></i> (2007 biography)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Ali:_A_Life" title="Ali: A Life">Ali: A Life</a></i> (2018 biography)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Documentary">Docu</abbr> films<br />and series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Whicker%27s_World" title="Whicker's World">Whicker's World</a></i> (1967 episode)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/A.k.a._Cassius_Clay" title="A.k.a. Cassius Clay">a.k.a. Cassius Clay</a></i> (1970)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/When_We_Were_Kings" title="When We Were Kings">When We Were Kings</a></i> (1996)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Facing_Ali" title="Facing Ali">Facing Ali</a></i> (2009)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/When_Ali_Came_to_Ireland" title="When Ali Came to Ireland">When Ali Came to Ireland</a></i> (2012)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Trials_of_Muhammad_Ali" title="The Trials of Muhammad Ali">The Trials of Muhammad Ali</a></i> (2013)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/I_Am_Ali" title="I Am Ali">I Am Ali</a></i> (2014)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Icons:_The_Greatest_Person_of_the_20th_Century" title="Icons: The Greatest Person of the 20th Century">Icons: The Greatest Person of the 20th Century</a></i> (2019 episode)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/What%27s_My_Name:_Muhammad_Ali" title="What's My Name: Muhammad Ali">What's My Name: Muhammad Ali</a></i> (2019)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Blood_Brothers:_Malcolm_X_%26_Muhammad_Ali" title="Blood Brothers: Malcolm X & Muhammad Ali">Blood Brothers: Malcolm X & Muhammad Ali</a></i> (2021)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_(miniseries)" title="Muhammad Ali (miniseries)">Muhammad Ali</a></i> (2021 series)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other films<br />and series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Requiem_for_a_Heavyweight_(film)" title="Requiem for a Heavyweight (film)">Requiem for a Heavyweight</a></i> (1962)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Super_Fight" title="The Super Fight">The Super Fight</a></i> (1970)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Greatest_(1977_film)" title="The Greatest (1977 film)">The Greatest</a></i> (1977)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Greatest:_The_Adventures_of_Muhammad_Ali" title="I Am the Greatest: The Adventures of Muhammad Ali">I Am the Greatest: The Adventures of Muhammad Ali</a></i> (1977 animated series)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/King_of_the_World_(film)" title="King of the World (film)">King of the World</a></i> (2000 TV film)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Ali:_An_American_Hero" title="Ali: An American Hero">Ali: An American Hero</a></i> (2000 TV film)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Ali_(film)" title="Ali (film)">Ali</a></i> (2001)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali%27s_Greatest_Fight" title="Muhammad Ali's Greatest Fight">Muhammad Ali's Greatest Fight</a></i> (2013 TV film)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/One_Night_in_Miami..." title="One Night in Miami...">One Night in Miami...</a></i> (2020)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music and<br />performance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Greatest_(Cassius_Clay_album)" title="I Am the Greatest (Cassius Clay album)">I Am the Greatest</a></i> (1963 album)</li>
<li>"<a href="/wiki/Black_Superman_(Muhammad_Ali)" title="Black Superman (Muhammad Ali)">Black Superman (Muhammad Ali)</a>" (1974 song)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Adventures_of_Ali_and_His_Gang_vs._Mr._Tooth_Decay" title="The Adventures of Ali and His Gang vs. Mr. Tooth Decay">The Adventures of Ali and His Gang vs. Mr. Tooth Decay</a></i> (1976 album)</li>
<li>"<a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_(song)" title="Muhammad Ali (song)">Muhammad Ali</a>" (2001 song)</li>
<li>"<a href="/wiki/The_World%27s_Greatest" title="The World's Greatest">The World's Greatest</a>" (2002 song)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Approaching_Ali" title="Approaching Ali">Approaching Ali</a></i> (2013 opera)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/One_Night_in_Miami_(play)" title="One Night in Miami (play)">One Night in Miami</a></i> (2013 play)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Comics and<br />video games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Superman_vs._Muhammad_Ali" title="Superman vs. Muhammad Ali">Superman vs. Muhammad Ali</a></i> (1978 comic book)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Heavyweight_Boxing" title="Muhammad Ali Heavyweight Boxing">Muhammad Ali Heavyweight Boxing</a></i> (1992 video game)</li>
<li><i><a href="/wiki/Foes_of_Ali" title="Foes of Ali">Foes of Ali</a></i> (1995 video game)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Marcellus_Clay_Sr." title="Cassius Marcellus Clay Sr.">Cassius Marcellus Clay Sr. (father)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Odessa_Grady_Clay" title="Odessa Grady Clay">Odessa Grady Clay (mother)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Rahaman_Ali" title="Rahaman Ali">Rahaman Ali (brother)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Khalilah_Ali" title="Khalilah Ali">Khalilah Ali (wife)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Laila_Ali" title="Laila Ali">Laila Ali (daughter)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Nico_Ali_Walsh" title="Nico Ali Walsh">Nico Ali Walsh (grandson)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Team and<br />associates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Bodak" title="Chuck Bodak">Chuck Bodak (trainer, cutman)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Dundee" title="Angelo Dundee">Angelo Dundee (cornerman)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Drew_Bundini_Brown" title="Drew Bundini Brown">Drew Bundini Brown (trainer, cornerman)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Ferdie_Pacheco" title="Ferdie Pacheco">Ferdie Pacheco (personal physician, cornerman)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Joe_E._Martin" title="Joe E. Martin">Joe E. Martin (first trainer)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Archie_Moore" title="Archie Moore">Archie Moore (trainer)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/George_Dillman" title="George Dillman">George Dillman (instructor)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Jabir_Herbert_Muhammad" title="Jabir Herbert Muhammad">Jabir Herbert Muhammad (manager)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Sarria" title="Luis Sarria">Luis Sarria (trainer, cutman, masseur)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Joe Frazier (opponent, friend)</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Durham" title="Richard Durham">Richard Durham (autobiography co-writer)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Memorials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Mall" title="Ali Mall">Ali Mall</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Boulevard" title="Muhammad Ali Boulevard">Muhammad Ali Boulevard</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Center" title="Muhammad Ali Center">Muhammad Ali Center</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Louisville_International_Airport" title="Louisville International Airport">Louisville Muhammad Ali International Airport</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Clay_v._United_States" title="Clay v. United States">Clay v. United States</a></i></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Antonio_Inoki" title="Muhammad Ali vs. Antonio Inoki">Muhammad Ali vs. Antonio Inoki</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Boxing_Reform_Act" title="Muhammad Ali Boxing Reform Act">Muhammad Ali Boxing Reform Act</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_in_China" title="Muhammad Ali in China">Muhammad Ali in China</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_in_India" title="Muhammad Ali in India">Muhammad Ali in India</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Religious_views_of_Muhammad_Ali" title="Religious views of Muhammad Ali">Religious views of Muhammad Ali</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Rope-a-dope" title="Rope-a-dope">Rope-a-dope</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Muhammad_Ali" title="Category:Muhammad Ali">Category</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Articles_related_to_Muhammad_Ali" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Articles_related_to_Muhammad_Ali" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Articles related to Muhammad Ali</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px">
<div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sports_Illustrated_Sportsperson_of_the_Year" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:SI_Sportsman_of_the_Year" title="Template:SI Sportsman of the Year"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:SI_Sportsman_of_the_Year" title="Template talk:SI Sportsman of the Year"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:SI_Sportsman_of_the_Year" title="Special:EditPage/Template:SI Sportsman of the Year"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sports_Illustrated_Sportsperson_of_the_Year" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated_Sportsperson_of_the_Year" title="Sports Illustrated Sportsperson of the Year"><i>Sports Illustrated</i> Sportsperson of the Year</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="nowrap">1954: <a href="/wiki/Roger_Bannister" title="Roger Bannister">Roger Bannister</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1955: <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Podres" title="Johnny Podres">Johnny Podres</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1956: <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Morrow" title="Bobby Morrow">Bobby Morrow</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1957: <a href="/wiki/Stan_Musial" title="Stan Musial">Stan Musial</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1958: <a href="/wiki/Rafer_Johnson" title="Rafer Johnson">Rafer Johnson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1959: <a href="/wiki/Ingemar_Johansson" title="Ingemar Johansson">Ingemar Johansson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1960: <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Palmer" title="Arnold Palmer">Arnold Palmer</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1961: <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Lucas" title="Jerry Lucas">Jerry Lucas</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1962: <a href="/wiki/Terry_Baker" title="Terry Baker">Terry Baker</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1963: <a href="/wiki/Pete_Rozelle" title="Pete Rozelle">Pete Rozelle</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1964: <a href="/wiki/Ken_Venturi" title="Ken Venturi">Ken Venturi</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1965: <a href="/wiki/Sandy_Koufax" title="Sandy Koufax">Sandy Koufax</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1966: <a href="/wiki/Jim_Ryun" title="Jim Ryun">Jim Ryun</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1967: <a href="/wiki/Carl_Yastrzemski" title="Carl Yastrzemski">Carl Yastrzemski</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1968: <a href="/wiki/Bill_Russell" title="Bill Russell">Bill Russell</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1969: <a href="/wiki/Tom_Seaver" title="Tom Seaver">Tom Seaver</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1970: <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Orr" title="Bobby Orr">Bobby Orr</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1971: <a href="/wiki/Lee_Trevino" title="Lee Trevino">Lee Trevino</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1972: <a href="/wiki/Billie_Jean_King" title="Billie Jean King">Billie Jean King</a> & <a href="/wiki/John_Wooden" title="John Wooden">John Wooden</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1973: <a href="/wiki/Jackie_Stewart" title="Jackie Stewart">Jackie Stewart</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1974: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Muhammad Ali</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1975: <a href="/wiki/Pete_Rose" title="Pete Rose">Pete Rose</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1976: <a href="/wiki/Chris_Evert" title="Chris Evert">Chris Evert</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1977: <a href="/wiki/Steve_Cauthen" title="Steve Cauthen">Steve Cauthen</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1978: <a href="/wiki/Jack_Nicklaus" title="Jack Nicklaus">Jack Nicklaus</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1979: <a href="/wiki/Terry_Bradshaw" title="Terry Bradshaw">Terry Bradshaw</a> & <a href="/wiki/Willie_Stargell" title="Willie Stargell">Willie Stargell</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1980: <a href="/wiki/Miracle_on_Ice" title="Miracle on Ice">U.S. Olympic Hockey Team</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1981: <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Ray_Leonard" title="Sugar Ray Leonard">Sugar Ray Leonard</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1982: <a href="/wiki/Wayne_Gretzky" title="Wayne Gretzky">Wayne Gretzky</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1983: <a href="/wiki/Mary_Decker" title="Mary Decker">Mary Decker</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1984: <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Moses" title="Edwin Moses">Edwin Moses</a> & <a href="/wiki/Mary_Lou_Retton" title="Mary Lou Retton">Mary Lou Retton</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1985: <a href="/wiki/Kareem_Abdul-Jabbar" title="Kareem Abdul-Jabbar">Kareem Abdul-Jabbar</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1986: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Paterno" title="Joe Paterno">Joe Paterno</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1987: <a href="/wiki/Bob_Bourne" title="Bob Bourne">Bob Bourne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judi_Brown" class="mw-redirect" title="Judi Brown">Judi Brown King</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kipchoge_Keino" title="Kipchoge Keino">Kipchoge Keino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dale_Murphy" title="Dale Murphy">Dale Murphy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chip_Rives" title="Chip Rives">Chip Rives</a>, <a href="/wiki/Patty_Sheehan" title="Patty Sheehan">Patty Sheehan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rory_Sparrow" title="Rory Sparrow">Rory Sparrow</a>, & <a href="/wiki/Reggie_Williams_(linebacker)" title="Reggie Williams (linebacker)">Reggie Williams</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1988: <a href="/wiki/Orel_Hershiser" title="Orel Hershiser">Orel Hershiser</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1989: <a href="/wiki/Greg_LeMond" title="Greg LeMond">Greg LeMond</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1990: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Montana" title="Joe Montana">Joe Montana</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1991: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Jordan" title="Michael Jordan">Michael Jordan</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1992: <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Ashe" title="Arthur Ashe">Arthur Ashe</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1993: <a href="/wiki/Don_Shula" title="Don Shula">Don Shula</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1994: <a href="/wiki/Bonnie_Blair" title="Bonnie Blair">Bonnie Blair</a> & <a href="/wiki/Johann_Olav_Koss" title="Johann Olav Koss">Johann Olav Koss</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1995: <a href="/wiki/Cal_Ripken_Jr." title="Cal Ripken Jr.">Cal Ripken Jr.</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1996: <a href="/wiki/Tiger_Woods" title="Tiger Woods">Tiger Woods</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1997: <a href="/wiki/Dean_Smith" title="Dean Smith">Dean Smith</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1998: <a href="/wiki/Mark_McGwire" title="Mark McGwire">Mark McGwire</a> & <a href="/wiki/Sammy_Sosa" title="Sammy Sosa">Sammy Sosa</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1999: <a href="/wiki/United_States_women%27s_national_soccer_team" title="United States women's national soccer team">U.S. Women's Soccer Team</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2000: <a href="/wiki/Tiger_Woods" title="Tiger Woods">Tiger Woods</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2001: <a href="/wiki/Curt_Schilling" title="Curt Schilling">Curt Schilling</a> & <a href="/wiki/Randy_Johnson" title="Randy Johnson">Randy Johnson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2002: <s><a href="/wiki/Lance_Armstrong" title="Lance Armstrong">Lance Armstrong</a></s></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2003: <a href="/wiki/David_Robinson" title="David Robinson">David Robinson</a> & <a href="/wiki/Tim_Duncan" title="Tim Duncan">Tim Duncan</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2004: <a href="/wiki/2004_Boston_Red_Sox_season" title="2004 Boston Red Sox season">Boston Red Sox</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2005: <a href="/wiki/Tom_Brady" title="Tom Brady">Tom Brady</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2006: <a href="/wiki/Dwyane_Wade" title="Dwyane Wade">Dwyane Wade</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2007: <a href="/wiki/Brett_Favre" title="Brett Favre">Brett Favre</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2008: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Phelps" title="Michael Phelps">Michael Phelps</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2009: <a href="/wiki/Derek_Jeter" title="Derek Jeter">Derek Jeter</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2010: <a href="/wiki/Drew_Brees" title="Drew Brees">Drew Brees</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2011: <a href="/wiki/Mike_Krzyzewski" title="Mike Krzyzewski">Mike Krzyzewski</a> & <a href="/wiki/Pat_Summitt" title="Pat Summitt">Pat Summitt</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2012: <a href="/wiki/LeBron_James" title="LeBron James">LeBron James</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2013: <a href="/wiki/Peyton_Manning" title="Peyton Manning">Peyton Manning</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2014: <a href="/wiki/Madison_Bumgarner" title="Madison Bumgarner">Madison Bumgarner</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2015: <a href="/wiki/Serena_Williams" title="Serena Williams">Serena Williams</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2016: <a href="/wiki/LeBron_James" title="LeBron James">LeBron James</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2017: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Altuve" title="José Altuve">José Altuve</a> & <a href="/wiki/J._J._Watt" title="J. J. Watt">J. J. Watt</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2018: <a href="/wiki/2017%E2%80%9318_Golden_State_Warriors_season" title="2017–18 Golden State Warriors season">Golden State Warriors</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2019: <a href="/wiki/Megan_Rapinoe" title="Megan Rapinoe">Megan Rapinoe</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2020: <a href="/wiki/Laurent_Duvernay-Tardif" title="Laurent Duvernay-Tardif">Laurent Duvernay-Tardif</a>, <a href="/wiki/LeBron_James" title="LeBron James">LeBron James</a>, <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Mahomes" title="Patrick Mahomes">Patrick Mahomes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Naomi_Osaka" title="Naomi Osaka">Naomi Osaka</a>, & <a href="/wiki/Breanna_Stewart" title="Breanna Stewart">Breanna Stewart</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2021: <a href="/wiki/Tom_Brady" title="Tom Brady">Tom Brady</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2022: <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Curry" title="Stephen Curry">Stephen Curry</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2023: <a href="/wiki/Deion_Sanders" title="Deion Sanders">Deion Sanders</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Associated_Press_Male_Athlete_of_the_Year" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Associated_Press_Male_Athlete_of_the_Year_navbox" title="Template:Associated Press Male Athlete of the Year navbox"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Associated_Press_Male_Athlete_of_the_Year_navbox" title="Template talk:Associated Press Male Athlete of the Year navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Associated_Press_Male_Athlete_of_the_Year_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Associated Press Male Athlete of the Year navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Associated_Press_Male_Athlete_of_the_Year" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Associated_Press_Athlete_of_the_Year" title="Associated Press Athlete of the Year">Associated Press Male Athlete of the Year</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="nowrap">1931: <a href="/wiki/Pepper_Martin" title="Pepper Martin">Pepper Martin</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1932: <a href="/wiki/Gene_Sarazen" title="Gene Sarazen">Gene Sarazen</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1933: <a href="/wiki/Carl_Hubbell" title="Carl Hubbell">Carl Hubbell</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1934: <a href="/wiki/Dizzy_Dean" title="Dizzy Dean">Dizzy Dean</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1935: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Louis" title="Joe Louis">Joe Louis</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1936: <a href="/wiki/Jesse_Owens" title="Jesse Owens">Jesse Owens</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1937: <a href="/wiki/Don_Budge" title="Don Budge">Don Budge</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1938: <a href="/wiki/Don_Budge" title="Don Budge">Don Budge</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1939: <a href="/wiki/Nile_Kinnick" title="Nile Kinnick">Nile Kinnick</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1940: <a href="/wiki/Tom_Harmon" title="Tom Harmon">Tom Harmon</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1941: <a href="/wiki/Joe_DiMaggio" title="Joe DiMaggio">Joe DiMaggio</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1942: <a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinkwich" title="Frank Sinkwich">Frank Sinkwich</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1943: <a href="/wiki/Gunder_H%C3%A4gg" title="Gunder Hägg">Gunder Hägg</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1944: <a href="/wiki/Byron_Nelson" title="Byron Nelson">Byron Nelson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1945: <a href="/wiki/Byron_Nelson" title="Byron Nelson">Byron Nelson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1946: <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Davis_(halfback)" title="Glenn Davis (halfback)">Glenn Davis</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1947: <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Lujack" title="Johnny Lujack">Johnny Lujack</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1948: <a href="/wiki/Lou_Boudreau" title="Lou Boudreau">Lou Boudreau</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1949: <a href="/wiki/Leon_Hart" title="Leon Hart">Leon Hart</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1950: <a href="/wiki/Jim_Konstanty" title="Jim Konstanty">Jim Konstanty</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1951: <a href="/wiki/Dick_Kazmaier" title="Dick Kazmaier">Dick Kazmaier</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1952: <a href="/wiki/Bob_Mathias" title="Bob Mathias">Bob Mathias</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1953: <a href="/wiki/Ben_Hogan" title="Ben Hogan">Ben Hogan</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1954: <a href="/wiki/Willie_Mays" title="Willie Mays">Willie Mays</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1955: <a href="/wiki/Howard_Cassady" title="Howard Cassady">Howard Cassady</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1956: <a href="/wiki/Mickey_Mantle" title="Mickey Mantle">Mickey Mantle</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1957: <a href="/wiki/Ted_Williams" title="Ted Williams">Ted Williams</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1958: <a href="/wiki/Herb_Elliott" title="Herb Elliott">Herb Elliott</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1959: <a href="/wiki/Ingemar_Johansson" title="Ingemar Johansson">Ingemar Johansson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1960: <a href="/wiki/Rafer_Johnson" title="Rafer Johnson">Rafer Johnson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1961: <a href="/wiki/Roger_Maris" title="Roger Maris">Roger Maris</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1962: <a href="/wiki/Maury_Wills" title="Maury Wills">Maury Wills</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1963: <a href="/wiki/Sandy_Koufax" title="Sandy Koufax">Sandy Koufax</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1964: <a href="/wiki/Don_Schollander" title="Don Schollander">Don Schollander</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1965: <a href="/wiki/Sandy_Koufax" title="Sandy Koufax">Sandy Koufax</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1966: <a href="/wiki/Frank_Robinson" title="Frank Robinson">Frank Robinson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1967: <a href="/wiki/Carl_Yastrzemski" title="Carl Yastrzemski">Carl Yastrzemski</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1968: <a href="/wiki/Denny_McLain" title="Denny McLain">Denny McLain</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1969: <a href="/wiki/Tom_Seaver" title="Tom Seaver">Tom Seaver</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1970: <a href="/wiki/George_Blanda" title="George Blanda">George Blanda</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1971: <a href="/wiki/Lee_Trevino" title="Lee Trevino">Lee Trevino</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1972: <a href="/wiki/Mark_Spitz" title="Mark Spitz">Mark Spitz</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1973: <a href="/wiki/O._J._Simpson" title="O. J. Simpson">O. J. Simpson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1974: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Muhammad Ali</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1975: <a href="/wiki/Fred_Lynn" title="Fred Lynn">Fred Lynn</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1976: <a href="/wiki/Caitlyn_Jenner" title="Caitlyn Jenner">Bruce Jenner</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1977: <a href="/wiki/Steve_Cauthen" title="Steve Cauthen">Steve Cauthen</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1978: <a href="/wiki/Ron_Guidry" title="Ron Guidry">Ron Guidry</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1979: <a href="/wiki/Willie_Stargell" title="Willie Stargell">Willie Stargell</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1980: <a href="/wiki/Miracle_on_Ice" title="Miracle on Ice">U.S. Olympic Hockey Team</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1981: <a href="/wiki/John_McEnroe" title="John McEnroe">John McEnroe</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1982: <a href="/wiki/Wayne_Gretzky" title="Wayne Gretzky">Wayne Gretzky</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1983: <a href="/wiki/Carl_Lewis" title="Carl Lewis">Carl Lewis</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1984: <a href="/wiki/Carl_Lewis" title="Carl Lewis">Carl Lewis</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1985: <a href="/wiki/Dwight_Gooden" title="Dwight Gooden">Dwight Gooden</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1986: <a href="/wiki/Larry_Bird" title="Larry Bird">Larry Bird</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1987: <a href="/wiki/Ben_Johnson_(Canadian_sprinter)" title="Ben Johnson (Canadian sprinter)">Ben Johnson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1988: <a href="/wiki/Orel_Hershiser" title="Orel Hershiser">Orel Hershiser</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1989: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Montana" title="Joe Montana">Joe Montana</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1990: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Montana" title="Joe Montana">Joe Montana</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1991: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Jordan" title="Michael Jordan">Michael Jordan</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1992: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Jordan" title="Michael Jordan">Michael Jordan</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1993: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Jordan" title="Michael Jordan">Michael Jordan</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1994: <a href="/wiki/George_Foreman" title="George Foreman">George Foreman</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1995: <a href="/wiki/Cal_Ripken_Jr." title="Cal Ripken Jr.">Cal Ripken Jr.</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1996: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Johnson_(sprinter)" title="Michael Johnson (sprinter)">Michael Johnson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1997: <a href="/wiki/Tiger_Woods" title="Tiger Woods">Tiger Woods</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1998: <a href="/wiki/Mark_McGwire" title="Mark McGwire">Mark McGwire</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1999: <a href="/wiki/Tiger_Woods" title="Tiger Woods">Tiger Woods</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2000: <a href="/wiki/Tiger_Woods" title="Tiger Woods">Tiger Woods</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2001: <a href="/wiki/Barry_Bonds" title="Barry Bonds">Barry Bonds</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2002: <a href="/wiki/Lance_Armstrong" title="Lance Armstrong">Lance Armstrong</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2003: <a href="/wiki/Lance_Armstrong" title="Lance Armstrong">Lance Armstrong</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2004: <a href="/wiki/Lance_Armstrong" title="Lance Armstrong">Lance Armstrong</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2005: <a href="/wiki/Lance_Armstrong" title="Lance Armstrong">Lance Armstrong</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2006: <a href="/wiki/Tiger_Woods" title="Tiger Woods">Tiger Woods</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2007: <a href="/wiki/Tom_Brady" title="Tom Brady">Tom Brady</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2008: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Phelps" title="Michael Phelps">Michael Phelps</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2009: <a href="/wiki/Jimmie_Johnson" title="Jimmie Johnson">Jimmie Johnson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2010: <a href="/wiki/Drew_Brees" title="Drew Brees">Drew Brees</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2011: <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Rodgers" title="Aaron Rodgers">Aaron Rodgers</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2012: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Phelps" title="Michael Phelps">Michael Phelps</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2013: <a href="/wiki/LeBron_James" title="LeBron James">LeBron James</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2014: <a href="/wiki/Madison_Bumgarner" title="Madison Bumgarner">Madison Bumgarner</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2015: <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Curry" title="Stephen Curry">Stephen Curry</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2016: <a href="/wiki/LeBron_James" title="LeBron James">LeBron James</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2017: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Altuve" title="José Altuve">José Altuve</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2018: <a href="/wiki/LeBron_James" title="LeBron James">LeBron James</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2019: <a href="/wiki/Kawhi_Leonard" title="Kawhi Leonard">Kawhi Leonard</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2020: <a href="/wiki/LeBron_James" title="LeBron James">LeBron James</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2021: <a href="/wiki/Shohei_Ohtani" title="Shohei Ohtani">Shohei Ohtani</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2022: <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Judge" title="Aaron Judge">Aaron Judge</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2023: <a href="/wiki/Shohei_Ohtani" title="Shohei Ohtani">Shohei Ohtani</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Olympic_boxing_champions_–_men&#039;s_light_heavyweight" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:gold;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Footer_Olympic_Champions_Boxing_Light_Heavyweight" title="Template:Footer Olympic Champions Boxing Light Heavyweight"><abbr title="View this template" style=";background:gold;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Footer_Olympic_Champions_Boxing_Light_Heavyweight" title="Template talk:Footer Olympic Champions Boxing Light Heavyweight"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";background:gold;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Footer_Olympic_Champions_Boxing_Light_Heavyweight" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Footer Olympic Champions Boxing Light Heavyweight"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";background:gold;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Olympic_boxing_champions_–_men&#039;s_light_heavyweight" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Olympic_medalists_in_boxing" title="List of Olympic medalists in boxing">Olympic boxing champions – men's light heavyweight</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><small>1920–1936: 160–175 lb (72.6–79.4 kg) · 1948: 73–80 kg · 1952–2012: 75–81 kg · 2016–: 76-81 kg</small></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1920_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1920</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Eagan" title="Eddie Eagan">Eddie Eagan</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1920_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1920 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1924_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1924 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1924</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Harry_Mitchell_(boxer)" title="Harry Mitchell (boxer)">Harry Mitchell</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Great_Britain_at_the_1924_Summer_Olympics" title="Great Britain at the 1924 Summer Olympics">GBR</a>)</span></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1928_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1928</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Argentina_%281861%E2%80%932010%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Argentina_%281861%E2%80%932010%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Argentina_%281861%E2%80%932010%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Argentina_%281861%E2%80%932010%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Argentina_%281861%E2%80%932010%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Argentina_%281861%E2%80%932010%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="784" data-file-height="504" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADctor_Avenda%C3%B1o" title="Víctor Avendaño">Víctor Avendaño</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Argentina_at_the_1928_Summer_Olympics" title="Argentina at the 1928 Summer Olympics">ARG</a>)</span></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1932_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1932 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1932</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/David_Carstens" title="David Carstens">David Carstens</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/South_Africa_at_the_1932_Summer_Olympics" title="South Africa at the 1932 Summer Olympics">RSA</a>)</span></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1936_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1936 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1936</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Roger_Michelot" title="Roger Michelot">Roger Michelot</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/France_at_the_1936_Summer_Olympics" title="France at the 1936 Summer Olympics">FRA</a>)</span></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1948_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1948</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/George_Hunter_(boxer)" title="George Hunter (boxer)">George Hunter</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/South_Africa_at_the_1948_Summer_Olympics" title="South Africa at the 1948 Summer Olympics">RSA</a>)</span></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1952_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1952 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1952</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Norvel_Lee" title="Norvel Lee">Norvel Lee</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1952_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1952 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1956_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1956 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1956</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Jim_Boyd_(boxer)" title="Jim Boyd (boxer)">Jim Boyd</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1956_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1956 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1960</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Cassius Clay</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1960 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1964_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1964 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1964</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/22px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/33px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/44px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cosimo_Pinto" title="Cosimo Pinto">Cosimo Pinto</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Italy_at_the_1964_Summer_Olympics" title="Italy at the 1964 Summer Olympics">ITA</a>)</span></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1968_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1968 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1968</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Danas_Pozniakas" title="Danas Pozniakas">Danas Pozniakas</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union_at_the_1968_Summer_Olympics" title="Soviet Union at the 1968 Summer Olympics">URS</a>)</span></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1972_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1972</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Mate_Parlov" title="Mate Parlov">Mate Parlov</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia_at_the_1972_Summer_Olympics" title="Yugoslavia at the 1972 Summer Olympics">YUG</a>)</span></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1976_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1976</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Leon_Spinks" title="Leon Spinks">Leon Spinks</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1976_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1976 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1980_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1980 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1980</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Slobodan_Ka%C4%8Dar" title="Slobodan Kačar">Slobodan Kačar</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia_at_the_1980_Summer_Olympics" title="Yugoslavia at the 1980 Summer Olympics">YUG</a>)</span></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1984_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1984 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1984</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Anton_Josipovi%C4%87" title="Anton Josipović">Anton Josipović</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia_at_the_1984_Summer_Olympics" title="Yugoslavia at the 1984 Summer Olympics">YUG</a>)</span></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1988_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1988</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Maynard_(boxer)" title="Andrew Maynard (boxer)">Andrew Maynard</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1988_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1988 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1992_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1992</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Torsten_May" title="Torsten May">Torsten May</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Germany_at_the_1992_Summer_Olympics" title="Germany at the 1992 Summer Olympics">GER</a>)</span></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_1996_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">1996</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Vassiliy_Jirov" title="Vassiliy Jirov">Vassiliy Jirov</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan_at_the_1996_Summer_Olympics" title="Kazakhstan at the 1996 Summer Olympics">KAZ</a>)</span></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_2000_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">2000</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Lebziak" title="Aleksandr Lebziak">Aleksandr Lebziak</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Russia_at_the_2000_Summer_Olympics" title="Russia at the 2000 Summer Olympics">RUS</a>)</span></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_2004_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">2004</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Andre_Ward" title="Andre Ward">Andre Ward</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_2004_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 2004 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</span></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight">2008</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Xiaoping" title="Zhang Xiaoping">Zhang Xiaoping</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/China_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics" title="China at the 2008 Summer Olympics">CHN</a>)</span></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's light heavyweight">2012</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Egor_Mekhontsev" title="Egor Mekhontsev">Egor Mekhontsev</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Russia_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics" title="Russia at the 2012 Summer Olympics">RUS</a>)</span></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's light heavyweight">2016</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/22px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/33px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/44px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Julio_C%C3%A9sar_La_Cruz" title="Julio César La Cruz">Julio César La Cruz</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Cuba_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics" title="Cuba at the 2016 Summer Olympics">CUB</a>)</span></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_light_heavyweight" title="Boxing at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's light heavyweight">2020</a>: <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/22px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/33px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/44px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Arlen_L%C3%B3pez" title="Arlen López">Arlen López</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Cuba_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics" title="Cuba at the 2020 Summer Olympics">CUB</a>)</span></li></ul>
</div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="1960_USA_Olympic_boxing_team" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Footer_USA_Boxing_1960_Summer_Olympics" title="Template:Footer USA Boxing 1960 Summer Olympics"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Footer_USA_Boxing_1960_Summer_Olympics" title="Template talk:Footer USA Boxing 1960 Summer Olympics"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Footer_USA_Boxing_1960_Summer_Olympics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Footer USA Boxing 1960 Summer Olympics"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="1960_USA_Olympic_boxing_team" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics#Boxing" title="United States at the 1960 Summer Olympics">1960 USA Olympic boxing team</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Athletes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Humberto_Barrera" title="Humberto Barrera">Humberto Barrera</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Armstrong" title="Jerry Armstrong">Jerry Armstrong</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Spanakos" title="Nick Spanakos">Nick Spanakos</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Campbell_(boxer)" title="Harry Campbell (boxer)">Harry Campbell</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Quincey_Daniels" title="Quincey Daniels">Quincey Daniels</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Baldwin" title="Phil Baldwin">Phil Baldwin</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Wilbert_McClure" title="Wilbert McClure">Wilbert McClure</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Crook_Jr." title="Eddie Crook Jr.">Eddie Crook Jr.</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Cassius Clay</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Percy_Price_Jr." title="Percy Price Jr.">Percy Price Jr.</a></li></ul>
</div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Boxing_pictogram.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Boxing_pictogram.svg/50px-Boxing_pictogram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Boxing_pictogram.svg/75px-Boxing_pictogram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Boxing_pictogram.svg/100px-Boxing_pictogram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Coaches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julie_Menendez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Julie Menendez (page does not exist)">Julie Menendez</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Joe_E._Martin" title="Joe E. Martin">Joe Martin</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_Ring_magazine_Fighter_of_the_Year" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:The_Ring_magazine_Fighter_of_the_Year" title="Template:The Ring magazine Fighter of the Year"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:The_Ring_magazine_Fighter_of_the_Year" title="Template talk:The Ring magazine Fighter of the Year"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:The_Ring_magazine_Fighter_of_the_Year" title="Special:EditPage/Template:The Ring magazine Fighter of the Year"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Ring_magazine_Fighter_of_the_Year" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/The_Ring_magazine_Fighter_of_the_Year" title="The Ring magazine Fighter of the Year"><i>The Ring</i> magazine Fighter of the Year</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="nowrap">1928: <a href="/wiki/Gene_Tunney" title="Gene Tunney">Tunney</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1929: <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Loughran" title="Tommy Loughran">Loughran</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1930: <a href="/wiki/Max_Schmeling" title="Max Schmeling">Schmeling</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1931: <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Loughran" title="Tommy Loughran">Loughran</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1932: <a href="/wiki/Jack_Sharkey" title="Jack Sharkey">Sharkey</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1933: <i>No award</i></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1934: <a href="/wiki/Tony_Canzoneri" title="Tony Canzoneri">Canzoneri</a> & <a href="/wiki/Barney_Ross" title="Barney Ross">Ross</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1935: <a href="/wiki/Barney_Ross" title="Barney Ross">Ross</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1936: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Louis" title="Joe Louis">Louis</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1937: <a href="/wiki/Henry_Armstrong" title="Henry Armstrong">Armstrong</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1938: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Louis" title="Joe Louis">Louis</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1939: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Louis" title="Joe Louis">Louis</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1940: <a href="/wiki/Billy_Conn" title="Billy Conn">Conn</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1941: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Louis" title="Joe Louis">Louis</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1942: <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Ray_Robinson" title="Sugar Ray Robinson">Robinson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1943: <a href="/wiki/Fred_Apostoli" title="Fred Apostoli">Apostoli</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1944: <a href="/wiki/Beau_Jack" title="Beau Jack">Jack</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1945: <a href="/wiki/Willie_Pep" title="Willie Pep">Pep</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1946: <a href="/wiki/Tony_Zale" title="Tony Zale">Zale</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1947: <a href="/wiki/Gus_Lesnevich" title="Gus Lesnevich">Lesnevich</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1948: <a href="/wiki/Ike_Williams" title="Ike Williams">Williams</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1949: <a href="/wiki/Ezzard_Charles" title="Ezzard Charles">Charles</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1950: <a href="/wiki/Ezzard_Charles" title="Ezzard Charles">Charles</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1951: <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Ray_Robinson" title="Sugar Ray Robinson">Robinson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1952: <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Marciano" title="Rocky Marciano">Marciano</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1953: <a href="/wiki/Bobo_Olson" title="Bobo Olson">Olson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1954: <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Marciano" title="Rocky Marciano">Marciano</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1955: <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Marciano" title="Rocky Marciano">Marciano</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1956: <a href="/wiki/Floyd_Patterson" title="Floyd Patterson">Patterson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1957: <a href="/wiki/Carmen_Basilio" title="Carmen Basilio">Basilio</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1958: <a href="/wiki/Ingemar_Johansson" title="Ingemar Johansson">Johansson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1959: <a href="/wiki/Ingemar_Johansson" title="Ingemar Johansson">Johansson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1960: <a href="/wiki/Floyd_Patterson" title="Floyd Patterson">Patterson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1961: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Brown_(boxer)" title="Joe Brown (boxer)">Brown</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1962: <a href="/wiki/Dick_Tiger" title="Dick Tiger">Tiger</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1963: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Clay</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1964: <a href="/wiki/Emile_Griffith" title="Emile Griffith">Griffith</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1965: <a href="/wiki/Dick_Tiger" title="Dick Tiger">Tiger</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1966: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Ali</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1967: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Frazier</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1968: <a href="/wiki/Nino_Benvenuti" title="Nino Benvenuti">Benvenuti</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1969: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_N%C3%A1poles" title="José Nápoles">Nápoles</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1970: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Frazier</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1971: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Frazier</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1972: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Ali</a> & <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Monz%C3%B3n" title="Carlos Monzón">Monzón</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1973: <a href="/wiki/George_Foreman" title="George Foreman">Foreman</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1974: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Ali</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1975: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Ali</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1976: <a href="/wiki/George_Foreman" title="George Foreman">Foreman</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1977: <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Z%C3%A1rate_Serna" title="Carlos Zárate Serna">Zárate</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1978: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Ali</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1979: <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Ray_Leonard" title="Sugar Ray Leonard">Leonard</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1980: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hearns" title="Thomas Hearns">Hearns</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1981: <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Ray_Leonard" title="Sugar Ray Leonard">Leonard</a> & <a href="/wiki/Salvador_S%C3%A1nchez" title="Salvador Sánchez">Sánchez</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1982: <a href="/wiki/Larry_Holmes" title="Larry Holmes">Holmes</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1983: <a href="/wiki/Marvelous_Marvin_Hagler" title="Marvelous Marvin Hagler">Hagler</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1984: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hearns" title="Thomas Hearns">Hearns</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1985: <a href="/wiki/Marvelous_Marvin_Hagler" title="Marvelous Marvin Hagler">Hagler</a> & <a href="/wiki/Donald_Curry" title="Donald Curry">Curry</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1986: <a href="/wiki/Mike_Tyson" title="Mike Tyson">Tyson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1987: <a href="/wiki/Evander_Holyfield" title="Evander Holyfield">Holyfield</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1988: <a href="/wiki/Mike_Tyson" title="Mike Tyson">Tyson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1989: <a href="/wiki/Pernell_Whitaker" title="Pernell Whitaker">Whitaker</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1990: <a href="/wiki/Julio_C%C3%A9sar_Ch%C3%A1vez" title="Julio César Chávez">Chávez</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1991: <a href="/wiki/James_Toney" title="James Toney">Toney</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1992: <a href="/wiki/Riddick_Bowe" title="Riddick Bowe">Bowe</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1993: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Carbajal" title="Michael Carbajal">Carbajal</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1994: <a href="/wiki/Roy_Jones_Jr." title="Roy Jones Jr.">Jones Jr.</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1995: <a href="/wiki/Oscar_De_La_Hoya" title="Oscar De La Hoya">De La Hoya</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1996: <a href="/wiki/Evander_Holyfield" title="Evander Holyfield">Holyfield</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1997: <a href="/wiki/Evander_Holyfield" title="Evander Holyfield">Holyfield</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1998: <a href="/wiki/Floyd_Mayweather_Jr." title="Floyd Mayweather Jr.">Mayweather Jr.</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1999: <a href="/wiki/Paulie_Ayala" title="Paulie Ayala">Ayala</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2000: <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Trinidad" title="Félix Trinidad">Trinidad</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2001: <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Hopkins" title="Bernard Hopkins">Hopkins</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2002: <a href="/wiki/Vernon_Forrest" title="Vernon Forrest">Forrest</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2003: <a href="/wiki/James_Toney" title="James Toney">Toney</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2004: <a href="/wiki/Glen_Johnson_(boxer)" title="Glen Johnson (boxer)">Johnson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2005: <a href="/wiki/Ricky_Hatton" title="Ricky Hatton">Hatton</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2006: <a href="/wiki/Manny_Pacquiao" title="Manny Pacquiao">Pacquiao</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2007: <a href="/wiki/Floyd_Mayweather_Jr." title="Floyd Mayweather Jr.">Mayweather Jr.</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2008: <a href="/wiki/Manny_Pacquiao" title="Manny Pacquiao">Pacquiao</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2009: <a href="/wiki/Manny_Pacquiao" title="Manny Pacquiao">Pacquiao</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2010: <a href="/wiki/Sergio_Mart%C3%ADnez_(boxer)" title="Sergio Martínez (boxer)">Martínez</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2011: <a href="/wiki/Andre_Ward" title="Andre Ward">Ward</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2012: <a href="/wiki/Juan_Manuel_M%C3%A1rquez" title="Juan Manuel Márquez">Márquez</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2013: <a href="/wiki/Adonis_Stevenson" title="Adonis Stevenson">Stevenson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2014: <a href="/wiki/Sergey_Kovalev" title="Sergey Kovalev">Kovalev</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2015: <a href="/wiki/Tyson_Fury" title="Tyson Fury">Fury</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2016: <a href="/wiki/Carl_Frampton" title="Carl Frampton">Frampton</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2017: <a href="/wiki/Vasiliy_Lomachenko" title="Vasiliy Lomachenko">Lomachenko</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2018: <a href="/wiki/Oleksandr_Usyk" title="Oleksandr Usyk">Usyk</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2019: <a href="/wiki/Canelo_%C3%81lvarez" title="Canelo Álvarez">Álvarez</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2020: <a href="/wiki/Tyson_Fury" title="Tyson Fury">Fury</a> & <a href="/wiki/Teofimo_Lopez" title="Teofimo Lopez">Lopez</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2021: <a href="/wiki/Canelo_%C3%81lvarez" title="Canelo Álvarez">Álvarez</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2022: <a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Bivol" title="Dmitry Bivol">Bivol</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2023: <a href="/wiki/Naoya_Inoue" title="Naoya Inoue">Inoue</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sugar_Ray_Robinson_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sugar_Ray_Robinson_Award" title="Template:Sugar Ray Robinson Award"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sugar_Ray_Robinson_Award" title="Template talk:Sugar Ray Robinson Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sugar_Ray_Robinson_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sugar Ray Robinson Award"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sugar_Ray_Robinson_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sugar_Ray_Robinson_Award" title="Sugar Ray Robinson Award">Sugar Ray Robinson Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="nowrap">1938: <a href="/wiki/Jack_Dempsey" title="Jack Dempsey">Dempsey</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1939: <a href="/wiki/Billy_Conn" title="Billy Conn">Conn</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1940: <a href="/wiki/Henry_Armstrong" title="Henry Armstrong">Armstrong</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1941: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Louis" title="Joe Louis">Louis</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1942: <a href="/wiki/Barney_Ross" title="Barney Ross">Ross</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1943: Boxers of the Armed Forces</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1944: <a href="/wiki/Benny_Leonard" title="Benny Leonard">B. Leonard</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1945: <a href="/wiki/Mickey_Walker_(boxer)" title="Mickey Walker (boxer)">Walker</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1946: <a href="/wiki/Tony_Zale" title="Tony Zale">Zale</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1947: <a href="/wiki/Gus_Lesnevich" title="Gus Lesnevich">Lesnevich</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1948: <a href="/wiki/Ike_Williams" title="Ike Williams">Williams</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1949: <a href="/wiki/Ezzard_Charles" title="Ezzard Charles">Charles</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1950: <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Ray_Robinson" title="Sugar Ray Robinson">Robinson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1951: <a href="/wiki/Jersey_Joe_Walcott" title="Jersey Joe Walcott">Walcott</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1952: <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Marciano" title="Rocky Marciano">Marciano</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1953: <a href="/wiki/Kid_Gavil%C3%A1n" title="Kid Gavilán">Gavilán</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1954: <a href="/wiki/Bobo_Olson" title="Bobo Olson">Olson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1955: <a href="/wiki/Carmen_Basilio" title="Carmen Basilio">Basilio</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1956: <a href="/wiki/Floyd_Patterson" title="Floyd Patterson">Patterson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1957: <a href="/wiki/Carmen_Basilio" title="Carmen Basilio">Basilio</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1958: <a href="/wiki/Archie_Moore" title="Archie Moore">Moore</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1959: <a href="/wiki/Ingemar_Johansson" title="Ingemar Johansson">Johansson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1960: <a href="/wiki/Floyd_Patterson" title="Floyd Patterson">Patterson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1961: <a href="/wiki/Gene_Fullmer" title="Gene Fullmer">Fullmer</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1962: <a href="/wiki/Dick_Tiger" title="Dick Tiger">Tiger</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1963: <a href="/wiki/Emile_Griffith" title="Emile Griffith">Griffith</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1964: <a href="/wiki/Willie_Pastrano" title="Willie Pastrano">Pastrano</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1965: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Ali</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1966: <a href="/wiki/Dick_Tiger" title="Dick Tiger">Tiger</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1967: <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Ortiz_(boxer)" title="Carlos Ortiz (boxer)">Ortiz</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1968: <a href="/wiki/Bob_Foster_(boxer)" title="Bob Foster (boxer)">Foster</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1969: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Frazier</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1970: <a href="/wiki/Ken_Buchanan" title="Ken Buchanan">Buchanan</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1971: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Frazier</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1972: <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Monz%C3%B3n" title="Carlos Monzón">Monzón</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1973: <a href="/wiki/George_Foreman" title="George Foreman">Foreman</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1974: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Ali</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1975: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Ali</a> & <a href="/wiki/Joe_Frazier" title="Joe Frazier">Frazier</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1976: <a href="/wiki/Howard_Davis_Jr." title="Howard Davis Jr.">Davis Jr.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Ray_Leonard" title="Sugar Ray Leonard">S. R. Leonard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leo_Randolph" title="Leo Randolph">Randolph</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leon_Spinks" title="Leon Spinks">L. Spinks</a> & <a href="/wiki/Michael_Spinks" title="Michael Spinks">M. Spinks</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1977: <a href="/wiki/Ken_Norton" title="Ken Norton">Norton</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1978: <a href="/wiki/Larry_Holmes" title="Larry Holmes">Holmes</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1979: <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Ray_Leonard" title="Sugar Ray Leonard">S. R. Leonard</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1980: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hearns" title="Thomas Hearns">Hearns</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1981: <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Ray_Leonard" title="Sugar Ray Leonard">S. R. Leonard</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1982: <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Pryor" title="Aaron Pryor">Pryor</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1983: <a href="/wiki/Marvelous_Marvin_Hagler" title="Marvelous Marvin Hagler">Hagler</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1984: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hearns" title="Thomas Hearns">Hearns</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1985: <a href="/wiki/Marvelous_Marvin_Hagler" title="Marvelous Marvin Hagler">Hagler</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1986: <a href="/wiki/Mike_Tyson" title="Mike Tyson">Tyson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1987: <a href="/wiki/Julio_C%C3%A9sar_Ch%C3%A1vez" title="Julio César Chávez">Chávez</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1988: <a href="/wiki/Mike_Tyson" title="Mike Tyson">Tyson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1989: <a href="/wiki/Pernell_Whitaker" title="Pernell Whitaker">Whitaker</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1990: <a href="/wiki/Evander_Holyfield" title="Evander Holyfield">Holyfield</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1991: <a href="/wiki/James_Toney" title="James Toney">Toney</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1992: <a href="/wiki/Riddick_Bowe" title="Riddick Bowe">Bowe</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1993: <a href="/wiki/Pernell_Whitaker" title="Pernell Whitaker">Whitaker</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1994: <a href="/wiki/George_Foreman" title="George Foreman">Foreman</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1995: <a href="/wiki/Oscar_De_La_Hoya" title="Oscar De La Hoya">De La Hoya</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1996: <a href="/wiki/Evander_Holyfield" title="Evander Holyfield">Holyfield</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1997: <a href="/wiki/Evander_Holyfield" title="Evander Holyfield">Holyfield</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1998: <a href="/wiki/Shane_Mosley" title="Shane Mosley">Mosley</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1999: <a href="/wiki/Lennox_Lewis" title="Lennox Lewis">Lewis</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2000: <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Trinidad" title="Félix Trinidad">Trinidad</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2001: <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Hopkins" title="Bernard Hopkins">Hopkins</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2002: <a href="/wiki/Vernon_Forrest" title="Vernon Forrest">Forrest</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2003: <a href="/wiki/James_Toney" title="James Toney">Toney</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2004: <a href="/wiki/Glen_Johnson_(boxer)" title="Glen Johnson (boxer)">Johnson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2005: <a href="/wiki/Ricky_Hatton" title="Ricky Hatton">Hatton</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2006: <a href="/wiki/Manny_Pacquiao" title="Manny Pacquiao">Pacquiao</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2007: <a href="/wiki/Floyd_Mayweather_Jr." title="Floyd Mayweather Jr.">Mayweather Jr.</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2008: <a href="/wiki/Manny_Pacquiao" title="Manny Pacquiao">Pacquiao</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2009: <a href="/wiki/Manny_Pacquiao" title="Manny Pacquiao">Pacquiao</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2010: <a href="/wiki/Sergio_Mart%C3%ADnez_(boxer)" title="Sergio Martínez (boxer)">Martínez</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2011: <a href="/wiki/Andre_Ward" title="Andre Ward">Ward</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2012: <a href="/wiki/Nonito_Donaire" title="Nonito Donaire">Donaire</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2013: <a href="/wiki/Floyd_Mayweather_Jr." title="Floyd Mayweather Jr.">Mayweather Jr.</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2014: <a href="/wiki/Terence_Crawford" title="Terence Crawford">Crawford</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2015: <a href="/wiki/Floyd_Mayweather_Jr." title="Floyd Mayweather Jr.">Mayweather Jr.</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2016: <a href="/wiki/Carl_Frampton" title="Carl Frampton">Frampton</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2017: <a href="/wiki/Vasiliy_Lomachenko" title="Vasiliy Lomachenko">Lomachenko</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2018: <a href="/wiki/Oleksandr_Usyk" title="Oleksandr Usyk">Usyk</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2019: <a href="/wiki/Canelo_%C3%81lvarez" title="Canelo Álvarez">Álvarez</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2020: <a href="/wiki/Teofimo_Lopez" title="Teofimo Lopez">López</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2021: <a href="/wiki/Canelo_%C3%81lvarez" title="Canelo Álvarez">Álvarez</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2022: <a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Bivol" title="Dmitry Bivol">Bivol</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2023: <a href="/wiki/Naoya_Inoue" title="Naoya Inoue">Inoue</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hickok_Belt_winners" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hickok_Belt" title="Template:Hickok Belt"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hickok_Belt" title="Template talk:Hickok Belt"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hickok_Belt" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hickok Belt"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hickok_Belt_winners" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hickok_Belt" title="Hickok Belt">Hickok Belt winners</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1950–1976</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="nowrap">1950: <a href="/wiki/Phil_Rizzuto" title="Phil Rizzuto">Phil Rizzuto</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1951: <a href="/wiki/Allie_Reynolds" title="Allie Reynolds">Allie Reynolds</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1952: <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Marciano" title="Rocky Marciano">Rocky Marciano</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1953: <a href="/wiki/Ben_Hogan" title="Ben Hogan">Ben Hogan</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1954: <a href="/wiki/Willie_Mays" title="Willie Mays">Willie Mays</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1955: <a href="/wiki/Otto_Graham" title="Otto Graham">Otto Graham</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1956: <a href="/wiki/Mickey_Mantle" title="Mickey Mantle">Mickey Mantle</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1957: <a href="/wiki/Carmen_Basilio" title="Carmen Basilio">Carmen Basilio</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1958: <a href="/wiki/Bob_Turley" title="Bob Turley">Bob Turley</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1959: <a href="/wiki/Ingemar_Johansson" title="Ingemar Johansson">Ingemar Johansson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1960: <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Palmer" title="Arnold Palmer">Arnold Palmer</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1961: <a href="/wiki/Roger_Maris" title="Roger Maris">Roger Maris</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1962: <a href="/wiki/Maury_Wills" title="Maury Wills">Maury Wills</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1963: <a href="/wiki/Sandy_Koufax" title="Sandy Koufax">Sandy Koufax</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1964: <a href="/wiki/Jim_Brown" title="Jim Brown">Jim Brown</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1965: <a href="/wiki/Sandy_Koufax" title="Sandy Koufax">Sandy Koufax</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1966: <a href="/wiki/Frank_Robinson" title="Frank Robinson">Frank Robinson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1967: <a href="/wiki/Carl_Yastrzemski" title="Carl Yastrzemski">Carl Yastrzemski</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1968: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Namath" title="Joe Namath">Joe Namath</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1969: <a href="/wiki/Tom_Seaver" title="Tom Seaver">Tom Seaver</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1970: <a href="/wiki/Brooks_Robinson" title="Brooks Robinson">Brooks Robinson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1971: <a href="/wiki/Lee_Trevino" title="Lee Trevino">Lee Trevino</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1972: <a href="/wiki/Steve_Carlton" title="Steve Carlton">Steve Carlton</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1973: <a href="/wiki/O._J._Simpson" title="O. J. Simpson">O. J. Simpson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1974: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Muhammad Ali</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1975: <a href="/wiki/Pete_Rose" title="Pete Rose">Pete Rose</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1976: <a href="/wiki/Ken_Stabler" title="Ken Stabler">Ken Stabler</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2012–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="nowrap">2012: <a href="/wiki/LeBron_James" title="LeBron James">LeBron James</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2013: <a href="/wiki/LeBron_James" title="LeBron James">LeBron James</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2014: <a href="/wiki/Madison_Bumgarner" title="Madison Bumgarner">Madison Bumgarner</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2015: <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Curry" title="Stephen Curry">Stephen Curry</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2016: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Phelps" title="Michael Phelps">Michael Phelps</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2017: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Altuve" title="José Altuve">José Altuve</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2018: <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Mahomes" title="Patrick Mahomes">Patrick Mahomes</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2019: <a href="/wiki/Kawhi_Leonard" title="Kawhi Leonard">Kawhi Leonard</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2020: <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Mahomes" title="Patrick Mahomes">Patrick Mahomes</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2021: <a href="/wiki/Shohei_Ohtani" title="Shohei Ohtani">Shohei Ohtani</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2022: <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Judge" title="Aaron Judge">Aaron Judge</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2023: <a href="/wiki/Nikola_Joki%C4%87" title="Nikola Jokić">Nikola Jokić</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
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