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The {{nihongo|'''district'''|郡|gun}} was used as an administrative unit in [[Japan]] between 1878 and 1921 and is roughly equivalent to the [[county]] of the [[United States]], ranking at the level below [[Prefectures of Japan|prefecture]] and above [[Cities of Japan|city]], [[Towns of Japan|town]] or [[Villages of Japan|village]].<ref>[http://www.statoids.com/yjp.html Japan Counties<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> As of 2008, cities belong directly to prefectures and are independent from districts. In Japan towns and villages belong to districts and the districts possess little to no administrative authority. The districts are used primarily in the [[Japanese addressing system]] and to identify the relevant geographical areas and collections of nearby towns and villages.
The {{nihongo|'''district'''|郡|gun}} was used as an administrative unit in [[Japan]] between 1878 and 1921 and is roughly equivalent to the [[county]] of the [[United States]], ranking at the level below [[Prefectures of Japan|prefecture]] and above [[Cities of Japan|city]], [[Towns of Japan|town]] or [[Villages of Japan|village]].<ref>[http://www.statoids.com/yjp.html Japan Counties<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> As of 2008, cities belong directly to prefectures and are independent from districts. In Japan towns and villages belong to districts and the districts possess little to no administrative authority. The districts are used primarily in the [[Japanese addressing system]] and to identify the relevant geographical areas and collections of nearby towns and villages.


The district was initially called ''kōri'' and has ancient roots in Japan. Although the ''[[Nihon Shoki]]'' says they were established during the [[Taika Reform]]s, ''kōri'' was originally written 評.{{Citation needed|date=February 2008}} It was not until the [[Taihō Code]] that ''kōri'' came to be written 郡. Under the Taihō Code, the administrative unit of province (国; ''kuni'') was above district, and the village (里; ''sato'' or 郷; ''sato'') was below.
The district was initially called ''kōri'' and has ancient roots in Japan. Although the ''[[Nihon Shoki]]'' says they were established during the [[Taika Reform]]s, ''kōri'' was originally written {{nihongo4|評}}.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Kinoshita|first1=Masahi|title=Fujiwara-kyō 藤原京|date=2003|publisher=Chūō Kōronsha|page=64}} The discovery of thousands of ''[[wiktionary:木簡|mokkan]]'' wooden tablets in a buried moat around the ancient capital of [[Fujiwara-kyō]] confirmed the theory that ''kōri'' had originally been written with the character 評, and not the character 郡 that appears in the ''Nihon Shoki''.</ref> It was not until the [[Taihō Code]] that ''kōri'' came to be written {{nihongo2|郡}}. Under the Taihō Code, the administrative unit of {{nihongo4|province|国|kuni}} was above district, and the village ({{nihongo2|里}} or {{nihongo2|郷}} ''sato'') was below.


==Confusing cases in Hokkaidō==
==Confusing cases in Hokkaidō==

Revision as of 14:03, 22 September 2014

Districts of Japan. Notice that these are the remaining areas of formerly large districts, which took away portions of the original subdivisions as towns merged.

The district (郡, gun) was used as an administrative unit in Japan between 1878 and 1921 and is roughly equivalent to the county of the United States, ranking at the level below prefecture and above city, town or village.[1] As of 2008, cities belong directly to prefectures and are independent from districts. In Japan towns and villages belong to districts and the districts possess little to no administrative authority. The districts are used primarily in the Japanese addressing system and to identify the relevant geographical areas and collections of nearby towns and villages.

The district was initially called kōri and has ancient roots in Japan. Although the Nihon Shoki says they were established during the Taika Reforms, kōri was originally written error: {{nihongo}}: Japanese or romaji text required (help).[2] It was not until the Taihō Code that kōri came to be written 郡. Under the Taihō Code, the administrative unit of province (国, kuni) was above district, and the village (里 or 郷 sato) was below.

Confusing cases in Hokkaidō

Because district names had been unique within a single province and as of 2008 prefecture boundaries are roughly aligned to provincial boundaries, most district names are unique within their prefectures.

Hokkaidō Prefecture, however, came much later to the ritsuryō provincial system, only a few years before the prefectural system was introduced, so its eleven provinces included several districts with the same names:

See also

Administrative divisions
of Japan
Prefectural
Prefectures
Sub-prefectural
Municipal
Sub-municipal

References

  1. ^ Japan Counties
  2. ^ Kinoshita, Masahi (2003). Fujiwara-kyō 藤原京. Chūō Kōronsha. p. 64. The discovery of thousands of mokkan wooden tablets in a buried moat around the ancient capital of Fujiwara-kyō confirmed the theory that kōri had originally been written with the character 評, and not the character 郡 that appears in the Nihon Shoki.

External links

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