Miyazaki (city): Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 31°54′28″N 131°25′13″E / 31.90778°N 131.42028°E / 31.90778; 131.42028
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
fixed TLD typo for website
update
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Cleanup bare URLs|date=September 2022}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Miyazaki
| name = Miyazaki
Line 9: Line 8:
| image_skyline = Miyazaki Montage.jpg
| image_skyline = Miyazaki Montage.jpg
| imagesize =
| imagesize =
| image_caption =
| image_caption = <table style="width:280px;margin:2px auto; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr><td colspan="2">[[Aoshima, Miyazaki|Aoshima Island ]]</tr>
<tr><td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle">Sea Gaia resort<td>Tachibana Park Street</tr>
<tr><td>[[Miyazaki Jingū]]</tr>
<tr><td colspan="2">[[Heiwadai Park]]</tr></table>
| image_flag = Flag of Miyazaki, Miyazaki.svg
| image_flag = Flag of Miyazaki, Miyazaki.svg
| image_seal = Emblem of Miyazaki, Miyazaki.svg
| image_seal = Emblem of Miyazaki, Miyazaki.svg
| seal_type = Emblem
| seal_type = Emblem
<!-- maps and coordinates -->| image_map = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|type=shape|stroke-width=2|stroke-color=#000000|zoom=8}}
<!-- maps and coordinates -->
| image_map = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|type=shape|stroke-width=2|stroke-color=#000000|zoom=8}}
| map_alt =
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location of Miyazaki in [[Miyazaki Prefecture]]
| map_caption = Location of Miyazaki in Miyazaki Prefecture
| image_map1 = Miyazaki in Miyazaki Prefecture Ja.svg
| image_map1 = Miyazaki in Miyazaki Prefecture Ja.svg
| map_caption1 =
| map_caption1 =
Line 21: Line 25:
| pushpin_relief =
| pushpin_relief =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Japan
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Japan
| coordinates = {{coord|31|55|N|131|25|E|region:JP-45|display=it}}
| coordinates = {{coord|31|54|28|N|131|25|13|E|region:JP-45|display=it}}
| coordinates_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| coordinates_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
<!-- location -->| subdivision_type = Country
<!-- location -->| subdivision_type = Country
Line 28: Line 32:
| subdivision_name1 = [[Kyushu]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Kyushu]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Prefectures of Japan|Prefecture]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Prefectures of Japan|Prefecture]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Miyazaki Prefecture]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Miyazaki Prefecture|Miyazaki]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Districts of Japan|District]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Districts of Japan|District]]
| subdivision_name3 = <!-- established -->
| subdivision_name3 = <!-- established -->
Line 57: Line 61:
| elevation_m = <!-- population -->
| elevation_m = <!-- population -->
| population_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| population_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| population_total = 398215
| population_total = 397,381
| population_as_of = June 1, 2019
| population_as_of = September 1, 2023
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_est =
| population_est =
Line 69: Line 73:
| area_code = <!-- blank fields (section 1) -->
| area_code = <!-- blank fields (section 1) -->
| blank_name_sec1 = City hall address
| blank_name_sec1 = City hall address
| blank_info_sec1 = 1-1-1 Tachibana-dōri Nishi, Miyazaki-shi, Miyazaki-ken<br />880-8505
| blank_info_sec1 = 1-1-1 Tachibana-dōri Nishi, Miyazaki-shi, Miyazaki-ken 880-8505
<!-- blank fields (section 2) -->| blank_name_sec2 = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
<!-- blank fields (section 2) -->
| blank_name_sec2 = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| blank_info_sec2 = [[Humid subtropical climate|Cfa]]
| blank_info_sec2 = [[Humid subtropical climate|Cfa]]
<!-- website, footnotes -->| website = {{URL|www.city.miyazaki.miyazaki.jp}}
<!-- website, footnotes -->
| website = {{Official|1=www.city.miyazaki.miyazaki.jp}}
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
| module = {{Infobox place symbols| embedded=yes
| module = {{Infobox place symbols| embedded=yes
Line 93: Line 99:
| romaji = Miyazaki
| romaji = Miyazaki
}}
}}
{{nihongo|'''Miyazaki'''|宮崎市|Miyazaki-shi|extra={{IPA-ja|mijaꜜzaki|lang}}}} is the capital [[Cities of Japan|city]] of [[Miyazaki Prefecture]] on the island of [[Kyushu]] in Japan. The city was founded on April 1, 1924.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.city.miyazaki.miyazaki.jp/gyousei/html/univ/en/index.html |title=Miyazaki City Official Website |access-date=2014-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141015063426/http://www.city.miyazaki.miyazaki.jp/gyousei/html/univ/en/index.html |archive-date=2014-10-15 |url-status=dead }}</ref> As of July 2022, the city had an estimated population of 399,788 and a population density of 621 persons per km<sup>2</sup>. The total area is 643.67&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>.
{{nihongo|'''Miyazaki'''|宮崎市|Miyazaki-shi|extra={{IPA-ja|mijaꜜzaki|lang}}}} is the capital [[Cities of Japan|city]] of [[Miyazaki Prefecture]] on the island of [[Kyushu]] in Japan. {{As of|2023|09|01}}, the city had an estimated [[population]] of 397,381 in 187859 households, and a [[population density]] of 620 persons per km². <ref name="Miyazaki-hp">{{cite web |url=https://www.city.miyazaki.miyazaki.jpl|title= Miyazaki City official statistics|location= Japan|language= ja}}</ref> The total area of the city is {{cvt|643.67|km2}}.

==History==
In 1870, Hyuga Province was renamed to Miyazaki Prefecture with Miyazaki being its capital. After the completion of the nationwide railroad system, many new people began to settle in the area.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=International Dictionary of Historic Places, Volume 5: Asia and Oceania|publisher=Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers|year=1996|isbn=1-884964-04-4|editor-last=Schellinger|editor-first=Paul|location=Chicago|pages=592–594|editor-last2=Salkin|editor-first2=Robert}}</ref>

In 1940, the imperialist Shōwa regime constructed the 37 meter [[Hakkō Ichiu]] pillar upon the legendary site of [[Emperor Jimmu]]'s palace. Located near Miyazaki, it was originally intended to symbolize the [[Hakko Ichiu|divine right of the Empire of Japan to "unify the eight corners of the world"]]. The tower survived the war and is now the centerpiece of the Heiwadai-koen peace park.<ref>[http://4travel.jp/traveler/godzilla/album/10230307/ Travelogue of Hakko Ichiu] at {{coord|31.9483|131.41457|type:landmark}}</ref>

On January 1, 2006, the towns of [[Sadowara, Miyazaki|Sadowara]] and [[Tano, Miyazaki|Tano]] (both from [[Miyazaki District, Miyazaki|Miyazaki District]]), and the town of [[Takaoka, Miyazaki|Takaoka]] (from [[Higashimorokata District, Miyazaki|Higashimorokata District]]) were merged into Miyazaki.

On March 23, 2010, the town of [[Kiyotake, Miyazaki|Kiyotake]] (from [[Miyazaki District, Miyazaki|Miyazaki District]]) was merged into Miyazaki. Miyazaki District was dissolved as a result of this merger.<ref name="Plannedmerge">{{cite web |url=http://www.kokudo.or.jp/new/cities/sub/kyusyu/45.htm |title=市町村合併情報 宮崎県 ＜国土地理協会＞ |access-date=2008-09-13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070629153802/http://www.kokudo.or.jp/new/cities/sub/kyusyu/45.htm |archive-date=2007-06-29 }}</ref>


==Geography==
==Geography==
Miyazaki is located at the southern end of the Miyazaki Plain, with the [[Ōyodo River]] flowing through the center and bordered by the [[Hyūga Sea]] to the east. Except for the southern part, which is part of the Wanizuka Mountains, most of the area of the city consists of flat [[alluvial plain]]s.

=== Surrounding municipalities ===
Miyazaki Prefecture
* [[Miyakonojō]]
* [[Nichinan, Miyazaki|Nichinan]]
* [[Saito, Miyazaki|Saito]]
* [[Kobayashi, Miyazaki|Kobayashi]]
* [[Kunitomi, Miyazaki|Kunitomi]]
* [[Aya, Miyazaki|Aya]]
*[[Shintomi, Miyazaki|Shintomi]]
* [[Mimata, Miyazaki|Mimiata]]


===Climate===
===Climate===
Line 352: Line 361:
| publisher = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]]
| publisher = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]]
| access-date = May 17, 2022}}</ref>}}
| access-date = May 17, 2022}}</ref>}}

=== Surrounding municipalities ===
Miyazaki Prefecture

* [[Miyakonojō]]
* [[Nichinan, Miyazaki|Nichinan]]
* [[Saito, Miyazaki|Saito]]
* [[Kobayashi, Miyazaki|Kobayashi]]
* [[Kunitomi, Miyazaki|Kunitomi]]
* [[Aya, Miyazaki|Aya]]
*[[Shintomi, Miyazaki|Shintomi]]
* [[Mimata, Miyazaki|Mimiata]]


===Demographics===
===Demographics===
Per Japanese census data, the population of Miyazaki in 2020 is 401,339 people.<ref name=zensus/> Miyazaki has been conducting censuses since 1920.
Per Japanese census data, the population of Miyazaki in 2020 is 401,339 people.<ref name=zensus/> Miyazaki has been conducting censuses since 1920.

{{Historical populations
{{Historical populations
| 1920 | 112288
| 1920 | 112288
Line 390: Line 388:
| 2020 | 401339
| 2020 | 401339
|align = none
|align = none
|cols=1
|cols=2
| footnote = Miyazaki population statistics<ref name=zensus>[https://www.citypopulation.de/en/japan/miyazaki/ Miyazaki population statistics]</ref>
| footnote = Miyazaki population statistics<ref name=zensus>[https://www.citypopulation.de/en/japan/miyazaki/ Miyazaki population statistics]</ref>
}}
}}

==History==
The area of Miyazaki was part of ancient [[Hyūga Province]]. In 1551, a merchant market town called Jogasaki was established on the south bank of the Ōyodo River near Akae port, and flourished due to trade along the [[Seto Inland Sea]] with the [[Kinai region]]. This settlement came under the control of [[Obi Domain]] ruled by the [[Itō clan]] in the [[Edo period]], although much of the rest of the area which is now within the city borders was a patchwork of feudal holdings ruled directly by the [[Tokugawa shogunate]] as well as [[Sadowara Domain]], [[Satsuma Domain]] and others. With the [[abolition of the han system]] in 1871, the Ōyodo River was the border between "Mimitsu Prefecture" and "Miyakonojo Prefecture". When these prefectures were merged in 1873 to form Miyazaki Prefecture, a site near the geographic center was selected as the new capital, and this was the hamlet of Kitta-Beppu, located near the old settlement of Jogasaki. The town of Miyazaki was established on May 1, 1889 with the creation of the modern municipalities system. After the completion of the nationwide railroad system, many new people began to settle in the area.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=International Dictionary of Historic Places, Volume 5: Asia and Oceania|publisher=Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers|year=1996|isbn=1-884964-04-4|editor-last=Schellinger|editor-first=Paul|location=Chicago|pages=592–594|editor-last2=Salkin|editor-first2=Robert}}</ref>

Miyazaki merged with the neighbouring town of Ōyodo and village of Ōmiya, and was raised to city status on April 1, 1924.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.city.miyazaki.miyazaki.jp/gyousei/html/univ/en/index.html |title=Miyazaki City Official Website |access-date=2014-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141015063426/http://www.city.miyazaki.miyazaki.jp/gyousei/html/univ/en/index.html |archive-date=2014-10-15 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

On April 1, 1998, Miyazaki was designated a [[Core cities of Japan]], giving it greater local autonomy.

On January 1, 2006, the towns of [[Sadowara, Miyazaki|Sadowara]] and [[Tano, Miyazaki|Tano]] (both from [[Miyazaki District, Miyazaki|Miyazaki District]]), and the town of [[Takaoka, Miyazaki|Takaoka]] (from [[Higashimorokata District, Miyazaki|Higashimorokata District]]) were merged into Miyazaki.

On March 23, 2010, the town of [[Kiyotake, Miyazaki|Kiyotake]] (from [[Miyazaki District, Miyazaki|Miyazaki District]]) was merged into Miyazaki. Miyazaki District was dissolved as a result of this merger.<ref name="Plannedmerge">{{cite web |url=http://www.kokudo.or.jp/new/cities/sub/kyusyu/45.htm |title=市町村合併情報 宮崎県 ＜国土地理協会＞ |access-date=2008-09-13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070629153802/http://www.kokudo.or.jp/new/cities/sub/kyusyu/45.htm |archive-date=2007-06-29 }}</ref>

==Government==
Miyazaki has a [[mayor-council]] form of government with a directly elected mayor and a [[unicameral]] city council of 40 members. Miyazaki contributes 12 members to the Miyazaki Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of the [[Miyazaki 1st district]] of the [[House of Representatives of Japan|lower house]] of the [[Diet of Japan]].


==Economy==
==Economy==
[[File:Downtown of Miyazaki City01.jpg|thumb|200px|Downtown of Miyazaki]]
[[File:Downtown of Miyazaki City01.jpg|thumb|200px|Downtown of Miyazaki]]
Miyazaki is primary a regional commercial center. Although eastern Miyazaki is designated as the "Miyazaki SUN Technopolis area" , there is no large-scale industry in Miyazaki City as the city is hampered by poor transportation and logistics connections with other areas of Japan. In recent years, the city has been actively attracting the information industry. Rural parts of the city are still agricultural, cultivation of tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers, and other crops, and food processing factories. [[Solaseed Air]], a regional airline, has its head office in Miyazaki.
[[Skynet Asia|Skynet Asia Airways]] has its headquarters in Miyazaki.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.skynetasia.co.jp/corporate/guide.html |script-title=ja:会社概要／会社案内 |publisher=[[Skynet Asia Airways]] |access-date=May 20, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217233248/http://www.skynetasia.co.jp/corporate/guide.html |archive-date=December 17, 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Asiana Airlines]] operates a sales office on the sixth floor of the Miyazaki Daiichi Seimei Building in Miyazaki.<ref>"[https://archive.today/20120530193036/http://us.flyasiana.com/Global/US/en/homepage?cmd=&fid=ABOUT13000&region=JP&city=&searchWrd=%2301#01 Worldwide Offices Japan]." ''[[Asiana Airlines]]''. Retrieved on January 19, 2009.</ref>
[[Dell Inc]] has their two call centres in Japan then had opened the one on the 5th floor of Carino Miyazaki Building in Miyazaki.


==Education==
==Points of interest==
===Colleges and universities==
* Miyazaki Prefectural Office became famous as a tourist spot when [[Hideo Higashikokubaru]], a national celebrity, became the prefectural governor of Miyazaki.
*[[University of Miyazaki]]
* [[Miyazaki-jingū]], a shrine in the city's centre, is one of Miyazaki's sacred dedications to Japan's first emperor, [[Emperor Jimmu|Jinmu]].
*[[Miyazaki Prefectural Nursing University]]
* Heiwadai Tower or "Peace Tower" (also known as the [[Hakko ichiu|Hakkō ichiu]] monument), in the expansive [[Heiwadai Park]], is a must-see for tourists. Originally the "Tower of the Emperor," symbolizing Japanese imperial expansion, it was renamed for peace after the events of [[World War II]].
*[[Miyazaki Municipal University]]
* [[Aoshima, Miyazaki|Aoshima Island]] and shrine boasts some rare rock formations known as the Devil's Washboard among a peaceful beach setting, and it is a popular relaxation and play destination for locals and travellers alike. The [[Aoshima Subtropical Botanical Garden]] is also located nearby and is free to the public, including their greenhouse which features colourful lighting during some summer evenings.
*[[Miyazaki Sangyo-keiei University]]
* The Tom Watson Golf Course was produced by [[Tom Watson (golfer)|Tom Watson]], an American professional golfer.
*[[Minami Kyushu University]]
* Phoenix Zoo is a combination live animal zoo and child-centred amusement park.<ref>http://www.miyazaki-city-zoo.jp/univ/en/ Miyazaki-city</ref>
*[[Miyazaki International College]]
* The Citizen's Forest is a large park near the Phoenix Zoo. Located on its grounds is the Misogi-ike, Pond of Purification, that is the birthplace of the sun goddess Amaterasu according to legend.
*[[Minami Kyushu Junior College]]
* The Ikime Burial Mounds are located in Miyazaki and include the Ikime-no-mori Yukokan, Activity Centre, where visitors learn the history of the burial mounds and learn about ancient activities.
*[[Miyazaki Gakuen Junior College]]
* Miyazaki City is known for its excellent surfing conditions year-round. Kisakihama Beach, Aoshima Beach, and Shirahama Beach are popular surfing spots all within the city limits.

* [[Kaeda Valley]] is a free public park and natural reserve featuring walking paths and hiking trails (various difficulty levels and estimated times to completion). Kaeda is a forested area with a river running through it.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.japantravel.com/miyazaki/hiking-in-beautiful-kaeda-valley/18242|title = Hiking in Beautiful Kaeda Valley - Miyazaki}}</ref>
===Primary and secondary schools===
* The [[Kirishima Sports Complex]] consists of various athletic facilities, such as running trails, a stadium, tennis courts, an outdoor ropes course, etc. as well as some indoor meeting space.<ref>http://miyazaki-spokyo.jp</ref> The complex hosts various sports games/matches and events throughout the year, including the Aoshima Taiheiyo Marathon.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sportsentry.ne.jp/feature/english/event/75060e.html|title=32nd Aoshima Taiheiyo Marathon 2018 &#124; SPORTS ENTRY -Find and register for sports events in Japan-}}</ref>
Miyazaki has 48 public elementary schools and 25 public junior high schools operated by the city government and one public junior high school and ten public high schools operated by the Miyazaki Prefectural Board of Education. There is also one national elementary school and one national junior high school affiliated with Miyazaki Univeristy. The city has seven private junior high schools and eight privatehigh schools. The prefecture operates five special education schools for the handicapped.
* Miyazaki Mango is a world famous species that looks like the rising sun. Also known as the Sun Egg is used for gifting.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://japan-brand.jnto.go.jp/foods/fruits/105/ |title=Miyazaki Mango Products &#124; Authentic Japanese product |access-date=2021-12-28 |archive-date=2021-12-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211228191254/https://japan-brand.jnto.go.jp/foods/fruits/105/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Florante Miyazaki]] is a botanical park that features floral displays and a popular winter lights display.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.miyazaki-city.tourism.or.jp/en/sightseeing/spcat03/spot18.html |title=Florante Miyazaki : MIYAZAKI CITY TOURISM ASSOCIATION [JAPAN] |website=www.miyazaki-city.tourism.or.jp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131123095148/http://www.miyazaki-city.tourism.or.jp/en/sightseeing/spcat03/spot18.html |archive-date=2013-11-23}}</ref>
* [[Aeon Mall Miyazaki]] offers retail stores, restaurants, a grocery store, and a cinema.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.aeonmall.global/mall/miyazaki-aeonmall/|title = AEON MALL &#124; AEON MALL Miyazaki}}</ref>
<gallery>
File:SeaGaia - Miyazaki Ocean Dome - outside.jpg|Miyazaki Sea Gaia and Ocean Dome
File:Aoshima July 2011.jpg|Aoshima and resort area
File:Heiwadai tower.jpg| Peace tower with the motto "[[Hakkō ichiu]]"
</gallery>


==Transportation==
==Transportation==
[[File:Miyazaki Airport 20170318.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Miyazaki Airport]]]]
[[File:Miyazaki Airport 20170318.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Miyazaki Airport]]]]
[[File:Miyazaki Station 20170219.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Miyazaki Station]]]]
[[File:Miyazaki Station 20170219.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Miyazaki Station]]]]

===Airways===
===Airports===
The city is served by [[Miyazaki Airport]].
*[[Miyazaki Airport]]

===Railways===
===Railways===
[[File:JR logo (west).svg|frameless|20x20px]] [[Kyushu Railway Company|JR Kyushu]] - [[Nippō Main Line]]
The [[JR Kyushu]] [[Nichinan Line]] serves the area.
* {{STN|Sadowara}} - {{STN|Hyūga-Sumiyoshi}} - {{STN|Hasugaike}} - {{STN|Miyazaki-Jingū}} - {{STN|Miyazaki}} - {{STN|Minami-Miyazaki}} - {{STN|Kanō|Miyazaki}} - {{STN|Kiyotake}} - {{STN|Hyūga-Kutsukake}} - {{STN|Tano|Miyazaki}}
===Bus===
[[File:JR logo (west).svg|frameless|20x20px]] [[Kyushu Railway Company|JR Kyushu]] - [[Nichinan Line]]
The Miyakoh Bus Company operates buses through Miyazaki City and surrounding towns. Website is available only in Japanese.<ref>https://www.miyakoh.co.jp/</ref>
* {{STN|Minami-Miyazaki}} - {{STN|Tayoshi}} - {{STN|Minamikata|Miyazaki}} - {{STN|Kibana}} - {{STN|Undōkōen|Miyazaki}} - {{STN|Sosanji}} - {{STN|Kodomonokuni|Miyazaki}} - {{STN|Aoshima}} - {{STN|Oryūzako}} - {{STN|Uchiumi}} - {{STN|Kouchiumi}}
[[File:JR logo (west).svg|frameless|20x20px]] [[Kyushu Railway Company|JR Kyushu]] - [[Miyazaki Kūkō Line]]
* ({{STN|Minami-Miyazaki}}) - {{STN|Tayoshi}} - {{STN|Miyazaki Airport}}


=== Highways ===
The trains and buses accept payment through any IC card, however, some JR lines, such as the Nichinan Line, only accept cash.
* [[File:JP Expressway E10.svg|25px|link=|alt=]] [[Miyazaki Expressway]]
* [[File:JP Expressway E78.svg|25px|link=|alt=]] [[Higashikyushu Expressway]]
* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|10}}
* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|219}}
* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|220}}
* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|268}}
* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|269}}
* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|448}}
* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|220}}
* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|268}}


==Sister city relations==
==Twin towns – sister cities==
Miyazaki has five sister cities:<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.city.miyazaki.miyazaki.jp/gyousei/html/univ/en/content/sister.html |title=Sister cities on Miyazaki City Official Website |access-date=2015-01-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141105071110/http://www.city.miyazaki.miyazaki.jp/gyousei/html/univ/en/content/sister.html |archive-date=2014-11-05 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
Miyazaki has five sister cities:<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.city.miyazaki.miyazaki.jp/gyousei/html/univ/en/content/sister.html |title=Sister cities on Miyazaki City Official Website |access-date=2015-01-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141105071110/http://www.city.miyazaki.miyazaki.jp/gyousei/html/univ/en/content/sister.html |archive-date=2014-11-05 |url-status=dead }}</ref>


Line 445: Line 464:
* {{flagdeco|ROK}} [[Boeun County]], [[North Chungcheong]], South Korea, since August 6, 1993
* {{flagdeco|ROK}} [[Boeun County]], [[North Chungcheong]], South Korea, since August 6, 1993
* {{flagdeco|PRC}} [[Huludao]], [[Liaoning]], China, since May 16, 2004
* {{flagdeco|PRC}} [[Huludao]], [[Liaoning]], China, since May 16, 2004
* {{flagdeco|Taiwan}} [[Taoyuan, Taiwan]], since October 5, 2017


==Local attractions==
== Notable people ==
* Miyazaki Prefectural Office became famous as a tourist spot when [[Hideo Higashikokubaru]], a national celebrity, became the prefectural governor of Miyazaki.
* [[Miyazaki-jingū]], a shrine in the city's centre, is one of Miyazaki's sacred dedications to Japan's first emperor, [[Emperor Jimmu|Jinmu]].
* Heiwadai Tower or "Peace Tower" (also known as the [[Hakko ichiu|Hakkō ichiu]] monument), in the expansive [[Heiwadai Park]], is a must-see for tourists. Originally the "Tower of the Emperor," symbolizing Japanese imperial expansion, it was renamed for peace after the events of [[World War II]].<ref>[http://4travel.jp/traveler/godzilla/album/10230307/ Travelogue of Hakko Ichiu] at {{coord|31.9483|131.41457|type:landmark}}</ref>
* [[Aoshima, Miyazaki|Aoshima Island]] and shrine boasts some rare rock formations known as the Devil's Washboard among a peaceful beach setting, and it is a popular relaxation and play destination for locals and travellers alike. The [[Aoshima Subtropical Botanical Garden]] is also located nearby and is free to the public, including their greenhouse which features colourful lighting during some summer evenings.
* The Tom Watson Golf Course was produced by [[Tom Watson (golfer)|Tom Watson]], an American professional golfer.
* Phoenix Zoo is a combination live animal zoo and child-centred amusement park.<ref>http://www.miyazaki-city-zoo.jp/univ/en/ Miyazaki-city</ref>
* The Citizen's Forest is a large park near the Phoenix Zoo. Located on its grounds is the Misogi-ike, Pond of Purification, that is the birthplace of the sun goddess Amaterasu according to legend.
* The [[Ikime Kofun Cluster]] is located in Miyazaki and include the Ikime-no-mori Yukokan, Activity Centre, where visitors learn the history of the burial mounds and learn about ancient activities.
* Miyazaki City is known for its excellent surfing conditions year-round. Kisakihama Beach, Aoshima Beach, and Shirahama Beach are popular surfing spots all within the city limits.
* [[Kaeda Valley]] is a free public park and natural reserve featuring walking paths and hiking trails (various difficulty levels and estimated times to completion). Kaeda is a forested area with a river running through it.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.japantravel.com/miyazaki/hiking-in-beautiful-kaeda-valley/18242|title = Hiking in Beautiful Kaeda Valley - Miyazaki}}</ref>
* The [[Kirishima Sports Complex]] consists of various athletic facilities, such as running trails, a stadium, tennis courts, an outdoor ropes course, etc. as well as some indoor meeting space.<ref>http://miyazaki-spokyo.jp</ref> The complex hosts various sports games/matches and events throughout the year, including the Aoshima Taiheiyo Marathon.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sportsentry.ne.jp/feature/english/event/75060e.html|title=32nd Aoshima Taiheiyo Marathon 2018 &#124; SPORTS ENTRY -Find and register for sports events in Japan-}}</ref>
* Miyazaki Mango is a world famous species that looks like the rising sun. Also known as the Sun Egg is used for gifting.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://japan-brand.jnto.go.jp/foods/fruits/105/ |title=Miyazaki Mango Products &#124; Authentic Japanese product |access-date=2021-12-28 |archive-date=2021-12-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211228191254/https://japan-brand.jnto.go.jp/foods/fruits/105/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Florante Miyazaki]] is a botanical park that features floral displays and a popular winter lights display.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.miyazaki-city.tourism.or.jp/en/sightseeing/spcat03/spot18.html |title=Florante Miyazaki : MIYAZAKI CITY TOURISM ASSOCIATION [JAPAN] |website=www.miyazaki-city.tourism.or.jp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131123095148/http://www.miyazaki-city.tourism.or.jp/en/sightseeing/spcat03/spot18.html |archive-date=2013-11-23}}</ref>
*Birthplace of [[Yasui Sokken]], National Historic Site
* [[Sadowara Castle]] ruins

<gallery>
File:SeaGaia - Miyazaki Ocean Dome - outside.jpg|Miyazaki Sea Gaia and Ocean Dome
File:Aoshima July 2011.jpg|Aoshima and resort area
File:Heiwadai tower.jpg| Peace tower with the motto "[[Hakkō ichiu]]"
</gallery>

== Notable people from Miyazaki ==
{{Unreferenced section|date=January 2015}}
{{Unreferenced section|date=January 2015}}
* [[Yui Asaka]] (singer and actress)
* [[Yui Asaka]] (singer and actress)
Line 454: Line 497:
* [[Ryunosuke Haga]] (judoka)
* [[Ryunosuke Haga]] (judoka)
* [[Girls Planet 999|Kawaguchi Yurina]] (singer, former member of X21)
* [[Girls Planet 999|Kawaguchi Yurina]] (singer, former member of X21)

==Education==
*[[University of Miyazaki]]
*[[Miyazaki Prefectural Nursing University]]
*[[Miyazaki Municipal University]]
*[[Miyazaki Sangyo-keiei University]]
*[[Minami Kyushu University]]
*[[Miyazaki International College]]
*[[Minami Kyushu Junior College]]


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 02:58, 5 November 2023

Miyazaki
宮崎市
Core city
Aoshima Island Sea Gaia resort Tachibana Park Street Miyazaki Jingū Heiwadai Park
Aoshima Island
Sea Gaia resortTachibana Park Street
Miyazaki Jingū
Heiwadai Park
Flag of Miyazaki
Flag
Official seal of Miyazaki
Emblem
Map
Location of Miyazaki in Miyazaki Prefecture
Miyazaki is located in Japan
Miyazaki
Miyazaki
Location in Japan
Coordinates: 31°54′28″N 131°25′13″E / 31.90778°N 131.42028°E / 31.90778; 131.42028
CountryJapan
RegionKyushu
PrefectureMiyazaki
Government
 • MayorTomonori Kiyoyama (from February 2022)[citation needed]
Area
 • Total643.67 km2 (248.52 sq mi)
Population
 (September 1, 2023)
 • Total397,381
 • Density620/km2 (1,600/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+09:00 (JST)
City hall address1-1-1 Tachibana-dōri Nishi, Miyazaki-shi, Miyazaki-ken 880-8505
ClimateCfa
WebsiteOfficial website
Symbols
FlowerIris ensata, Camellia
TreeCinnamomum camphora
Miyazaki
Japanese name
Kanji宮崎
Hiraganaみやざき
Katakanaミヤザキ

Miyazaki (宮崎市, Miyazaki-shi, Japanese: [mijaꜜzaki]) is the capital city of Miyazaki Prefecture on the island of Kyushu in Japan. As of 1 September 2023, the city had an estimated population of 397,381 in 187859 households, and a population density of 620 persons per km². [1] The total area of the city is 643.67 km2 (248.52 sq mi).

Geography

Miyazaki is located at the southern end of the Miyazaki Plain, with the Ōyodo River flowing through the center and bordered by the Hyūga Sea to the east. Except for the southern part, which is part of the Wanizuka Mountains, most of the area of the city consists of flat alluvial plains.

Surrounding municipalities

Miyazaki Prefecture

Climate

Miyazaki has a humid subtropical climate with hot, humid summers and cool winters. During the summer, the city is particularly prone to typhoons, one of which drenched the city with 587.2 millimetres (23.12 in) of rain in one day on 16 October 1939. The wettest month since records began has been September 1886 with 1,259.3 millimetres (49.58 in) and the driest was December 1988, which stands as the only month with no measurable precipitation.

Climate data for Miyazaki (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1886−present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 25.1
(77.2) 		25.4
(77.7) 		28.1
(82.6) 		31.7
(89.1) 		34.3
(93.7) 		36.2
(97.2) 		37.7
(99.9) 		38.0
(100.4) 		36.9
(98.4) 		32.7
(90.9) 		30.3
(86.5) 		25.0
(77.0) 		38.0
(100.4)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 13.0
(55.4) 		14.1
(57.4) 		17.0
(62.6) 		21.1
(70.0) 		24.6
(76.3) 		26.7
(80.1) 		31.3
(88.3) 		31.6
(88.9) 		28.5
(83.3) 		24.7
(76.5) 		19.8
(67.6) 		15.0
(59.0) 		22.3
(72.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) 7.8
(46.0) 		8.9
(48.0) 		12.1
(53.8) 		16.4
(61.5) 		20.3
(68.5) 		23.2
(73.8) 		27.3
(81.1) 		27.6
(81.7) 		24.7
(76.5) 		20.0
(68.0) 		14.7
(58.5) 		9.7
(49.5) 		17.7
(63.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 3.0
(37.4) 		4.0
(39.2) 		7.4
(45.3) 		11.7
(53.1) 		16.3
(61.3) 		20.1
(68.2) 		24.1
(75.4) 		24.5
(76.1) 		21.4
(70.5) 		15.8
(60.4) 		10.1
(50.2) 		5.0
(41.0) 		13.6
(56.5)
Record low °C (°F) −7.5
(18.5) 		−6.6
(20.1) 		−4.1
(24.6) 		−1.5
(29.3) 		3.1
(37.6) 		9.2
(48.6) 		16.0
(60.8) 		16.4
(61.5) 		9.7
(49.5) 		2.6
(36.7) 		−2.7
(27.1) 		−7.2
(19.0) 		−7.5
(18.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 72.7
(2.86) 		95.8
(3.77) 		155.7
(6.13) 		194.5
(7.66) 		227.6
(8.96) 		516.3
(20.33) 		339.3
(13.36) 		275.5
(10.85) 		370.9
(14.60) 		196.7
(7.74) 		105.7
(4.16) 		74.9
(2.95) 		2,625.5
(103.37)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.5 mm) 6.6 8.1 11.5 11.2 11.4 17.2 12.8 13.1 13.6 9.2 8.1 6.1 128.9
Average relative humidity (%) 66 67 68 70 74 82 78 80 80 76 74 69 74
Mean monthly sunshine hours 192.6 170.8 185.6 186.0 179.7 119.4 198.0 208.6 156.5 173.6 167.0 183.9 2,121.7
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency[2]
Climate data for Miyazaki Airport (2003−2020 normals, extremes 2003−present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 24.3
(75.7) 		25.0
(77.0) 		28.4
(83.1) 		31.3
(88.3) 		35.4
(95.7) 		34.6
(94.3) 		38.5
(101.3) 		38.6
(101.5) 		35.2
(95.4) 		33.1
(91.6) 		29.1
(84.4) 		24.9
(76.8) 		38.6
(101.5)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 13.0
(55.4) 		14.4
(57.9) 		17.2
(63.0) 		21.3
(70.3) 		24.4
(75.9) 		26.5
(79.7) 		30.8
(87.4) 		31.4
(88.5) 		28.6
(83.5) 		24.6
(76.3) 		20.0
(68.0) 		15.0
(59.0) 		22.3
(72.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) 8.0
(46.4) 		9.6
(49.3) 		12.4
(54.3) 		16.7
(62.1) 		20.5
(68.9) 		23.2
(73.8) 		27.2
(81.0) 		27.9
(82.2) 		25.2
(77.4) 		20.6
(69.1) 		15.4
(59.7) 		9.9
(49.8) 		18.1
(64.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 3.4
(38.1) 		4.9
(40.8) 		7.6
(45.7) 		12.1
(53.8) 		16.8
(62.2) 		20.4
(68.7) 		24.3
(75.7) 		25.0
(77.0) 		22.1
(71.8) 		16.6
(61.9) 		10.9
(51.6) 		5.2
(41.4) 		14.1
(57.4)
Record low °C (°F) −3.8
(25.2) 		−3.8
(25.2) 		−1.1
(30.0) 		3.2
(37.8) 		8.0
(46.4) 		14.3
(57.7) 		18.1
(64.6) 		20.1
(68.2) 		13.7
(56.7) 		6.8
(44.2) 		0.8
(33.4) 		−2.9
(26.8) 		−3.8
(25.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 68.2
(2.69) 		111.9
(4.41) 		144.1
(5.67) 		166.9
(6.57) 		225.1
(8.86) 		505.9
(19.92) 		320.9
(12.63) 		261.8
(10.31) 		390.7
(15.38) 		240.6
(9.47) 		126.8
(4.99) 		83.6
(3.29) 		2,646.5
(104.19)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 5.6 8.5 9.9 9.3 10.3 16.9 10.8 12.7 13.7 8.7 8.1 5.4 119.9
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency[3][4]

Demographics

Per Japanese census data, the population of Miyazaki in 2020 is 401,339 people.[5] Miyazaki has been conducting censuses since 1920.

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1920 112,288—    
1925 121,627+8.3%
1930 142,950+17.5%
1935 148,177+3.7%
1940 151,106+2.0%
1945 191,775+26.9%
1950 205,562+7.2%
1955 218,601+6.3%
1960 224,498+2.7%
1965 236,660+5.4%
1970 255,888+8.1%
YearPop.±%
1975 291,157+13.8%
1980 329,751+13.3%
1985 349,465+6.0%
1990 365,080+4.5%
1995 384,391+5.3%
2000 392,178+2.0%
2005 395,593+0.9%
2010 400,352+1.2%
2015 401,138+0.2%
2020 401,339+0.1%
Miyazaki population statistics[5]

History

The area of Miyazaki was part of ancient Hyūga Province. In 1551, a merchant market town called Jogasaki was established on the south bank of the Ōyodo River near Akae port, and flourished due to trade along the Seto Inland Sea with the Kinai region. This settlement came under the control of Obi Domain ruled by the Itō clan in the Edo period, although much of the rest of the area which is now within the city borders was a patchwork of feudal holdings ruled directly by the Tokugawa shogunate as well as Sadowara Domain, Satsuma Domain and others. With the abolition of the han system in 1871, the Ōyodo River was the border between "Mimitsu Prefecture" and "Miyakonojo Prefecture". When these prefectures were merged in 1873 to form Miyazaki Prefecture, a site near the geographic center was selected as the new capital, and this was the hamlet of Kitta-Beppu, located near the old settlement of Jogasaki. The town of Miyazaki was established on May 1, 1889 with the creation of the modern municipalities system. After the completion of the nationwide railroad system, many new people began to settle in the area.[6]

Miyazaki merged with the neighbouring town of Ōyodo and village of Ōmiya, and was raised to city status on April 1, 1924.[7]

On April 1, 1998, Miyazaki was designated a Core cities of Japan, giving it greater local autonomy.

On January 1, 2006, the towns of Sadowara and Tano (both from Miyazaki District), and the town of Takaoka (from Higashimorokata District) were merged into Miyazaki.

On March 23, 2010, the town of Kiyotake (from Miyazaki District) was merged into Miyazaki. Miyazaki District was dissolved as a result of this merger.[8]

Government

Miyazaki has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 40 members. Miyazaki contributes 12 members to the Miyazaki Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of the Miyazaki 1st district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Economy

Downtown of Miyazaki

Miyazaki is primary a regional commercial center. Although eastern Miyazaki is designated as the "Miyazaki SUN Technopolis area" , there is no large-scale industry in Miyazaki City as the city is hampered by poor transportation and logistics connections with other areas of Japan. In recent years, the city has been actively attracting the information industry. Rural parts of the city are still agricultural, cultivation of tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers, and other crops, and food processing factories. Solaseed Air, a regional airline, has its head office in Miyazaki.

Education

=Colleges and universities

Primary and secondary schools

Miyazaki has 48 public elementary schools and 25 public junior high schools operated by the city government and one public junior high school and ten public high schools operated by the Miyazaki Prefectural Board of Education. There is also one national elementary school and one national junior high school affiliated with Miyazaki Univeristy. The city has seven private junior high schools and eight privatehigh schools. The prefecture operates five special education schools for the handicapped.

Transportation

Miyazaki Airport
Miyazaki Station

Airports

Railways

JR Kyushu - Nippō Main Line

JR Kyushu - Nichinan Line

JR Kyushu - Miyazaki Kūkō Line

Highways

Sister city relations

Miyazaki has five sister cities:[9]

National

International

Local attractions

  • Miyazaki Prefectural Office became famous as a tourist spot when Hideo Higashikokubaru, a national celebrity, became the prefectural governor of Miyazaki.
  • Miyazaki-jingū, a shrine in the city's centre, is one of Miyazaki's sacred dedications to Japan's first emperor, Jinmu.
  • Heiwadai Tower or "Peace Tower" (also known as the Hakkō ichiu monument), in the expansive Heiwadai Park, is a must-see for tourists. Originally the "Tower of the Emperor," symbolizing Japanese imperial expansion, it was renamed for peace after the events of World War II.[10]
  • Aoshima Island and shrine boasts some rare rock formations known as the Devil's Washboard among a peaceful beach setting, and it is a popular relaxation and play destination for locals and travellers alike. The Aoshima Subtropical Botanical Garden is also located nearby and is free to the public, including their greenhouse which features colourful lighting during some summer evenings.
  • The Tom Watson Golf Course was produced by Tom Watson, an American professional golfer.
  • Phoenix Zoo is a combination live animal zoo and child-centred amusement park.[11]
  • The Citizen's Forest is a large park near the Phoenix Zoo. Located on its grounds is the Misogi-ike, Pond of Purification, that is the birthplace of the sun goddess Amaterasu according to legend.
  • The Ikime Kofun Cluster is located in Miyazaki and include the Ikime-no-mori Yukokan, Activity Centre, where visitors learn the history of the burial mounds and learn about ancient activities.
  • Miyazaki City is known for its excellent surfing conditions year-round. Kisakihama Beach, Aoshima Beach, and Shirahama Beach are popular surfing spots all within the city limits.
  • Kaeda Valley is a free public park and natural reserve featuring walking paths and hiking trails (various difficulty levels and estimated times to completion). Kaeda is a forested area with a river running through it.[12]
  • The Kirishima Sports Complex consists of various athletic facilities, such as running trails, a stadium, tennis courts, an outdoor ropes course, etc. as well as some indoor meeting space.[13] The complex hosts various sports games/matches and events throughout the year, including the Aoshima Taiheiyo Marathon.[14]
  • Miyazaki Mango is a world famous species that looks like the rising sun. Also known as the Sun Egg is used for gifting.[15]
  • Florante Miyazaki is a botanical park that features floral displays and a popular winter lights display.[16]
  • Birthplace of Yasui Sokken, National Historic Site
  • Sadowara Castle ruins
  • Miyazaki Sea Gaia and Ocean Dome
    Miyazaki Sea Gaia and Ocean Dome
  • Aoshima and resort area
    Aoshima and resort area
  • Peace tower with the motto "Hakkō ichiu"
    Peace tower with the motto "Hakkō ichiu"

Notable people from Miyazaki

References

  1. ^ "Miyazaki City official statistics" (in Japanese). Japan.
  2. ^ 気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）. Japan Meteorological Agency. Retrieved May 19, 2021.
  3. ^ 気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）. JMA. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
  4. ^ 観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）. JMA. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
  5. ^ a b Miyazaki population statistics
  6. ^ Schellinger, Paul; Salkin, Robert, eds. (1996). International Dictionary of Historic Places, Volume 5: Asia and Oceania. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. pp. 592–594. ISBN 1-884964-04-4.
  7. ^ "Miyazaki City Official Website". Archived from the original on 2014-10-15. Retrieved 2014-11-05.
  8. ^ "市町村合併情報 宮崎県 ＜国土地理協会＞". Archived from the original on 2007-06-29. Retrieved 2008-09-13.
  9. ^ "Sister cities on Miyazaki City Official Website". Archived from the original on 2014-11-05. Retrieved 2015-01-28.
  10. ^ Travelogue of Hakko Ichiu at 31°56′54″N 131°24′52″E / 31.9483°N 131.41457°E / 31.9483; 131.41457
  11. ^ http://www.miyazaki-city-zoo.jp/univ/en/ Miyazaki-city
  12. ^ "Hiking in Beautiful Kaeda Valley - Miyazaki".
  13. ^ http://miyazaki-spokyo.jp
  14. ^ "32nd Aoshima Taiheiyo Marathon 2018 | SPORTS ENTRY -Find and register for sports events in Japan-".
  15. ^ "Miyazaki Mango Products | Authentic Japanese product". Archived from the original on 2021-12-28. Retrieved 2021-12-28.
  16. ^ "Florante Miyazaki : MIYAZAKI CITY TOURISM ASSOCIATION [JAPAN]". www.miyazaki-city.tourism.or.jp. Archived from the original on 2013-11-23.
  17. ^ "About Sky Brown, Inc". Penguin Random House. Retrieved 27 August 2020.

External links

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Miyazaki.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Miyazaki, Miyazaki.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Miyazaki_(city)&oldid=1183565413"