Tsugaru Strait: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 41°29′57″N 140°36′57″E / 41.49917°N 140.61583°E / 41.49917; 140.61583
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{{Short description|Strait between Honshu and Hokkaido, Japan}}
[[File:Location TsugaruPeninsulaJp.jpg|thumb|Tsugaru Peninsula and Tsugaru Strait]]
[[File:Tsugaru Strait landsat 7.png|thumb|right|Landsat 7 Imagery of Tsugaru Strait]]
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[[File:Tappisaki.JPG|thumb|Tappi Misaki]]


{{Infobox body of water
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{{Nihongo|'''Tsugaru Strait'''|津軽海峡|Tsugaru Kaikyō}} is a [[Channel (geography)|channel]] between [[Honshu]] and [[Hokkaido]] in northern [[Japan]] connecting the [[Sea of Japan]] with the [[Pacific Ocean]]. It was named after the western part of [[Aomori Prefecture]]. The [[Seikan Tunnel]] passes under it at its narrowest point (19.5 km) between [[Tappi Misaki]] on the [[Tsugaru Peninsula]] in [[Aomori Prefecture|Aomori]], Honshū and [[Shirakami Misaki]] on the [[Matsumae Peninsula]] in Hokkaidō.
| name = Tsugaru Strait
| image = Tsugaru Strait (English).png
| caption = Tsugaru Strait. Honshu is south, Hokkaido north.
| image_bathymetry =
| caption_bathymetry =
| depth =
| max-depth = {{cvt|200|m}}
| inflow =
| outflow =
| catchment =
| basin_countries =
| length = <!--{{cvt|FILLIN|km}}-->
| width = <!--{{cvt|FILLIN|km}}-->
| min_width = <!--{{cvt|FILLIN|km}}-->
| islands =
| etymology = [[Japanese language|Japanese]]
| location = Japan
| pushpin_map = Japan
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|41|29|57|N|140|36|57|E|region:JP_type:waterbody|display=inline}}
| coor_pinpoint =
| part_of =
| alt =
| type =
| cities =
| area =
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}}


[[File:3Hayabusa Kyoeiunyu.jpg|200px|right|thumb|Ships on the Tsugaru Strait]]
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Japan's territorial waters extend to three nautical miles (5.6 km) into the strait instead of the usual twelve, reportedly to allow [[Nuclear weapon|nuclear]]-armed [[United States Navy]] warships and submarines to transit the strait without violating Japan's prohibition against nuclear weapons in its territory.<ref>[[Kyodo News]], "[http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nn20090622a1.html Japan left key straits open for U.S. nukes]", ''[[Japan Times]]'', June 22, 2009.</ref>


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[[File:Tappisaki.JPG|thumb|Tappi Misaki Cape]]
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The Tsugaru Strait has eastern and western necks, both approximately 20 km across with maximum depths of 200 and 140 m respectively.<ref>{{cite journal| author=Tsuji, H., Sawada, T. and Takizawa, M. | title=Extraordinary inundation accidents in the Seikan undersea tunnel | journal=Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Geotechnical Engineering | year=1996 | volume=119 | issue= 1 | pages=1–14}}</ref>


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The {{Nihongo|'''Tsugaru Strait'''|津軽海峡|Tsugaru Kaikyō}} is a [[strait]] between [[Honshu]] and [[Hokkaido]] in northern [[Japan]] connecting the [[Sea of Japan]] with the [[Pacific Ocean]]. It was named after the western part of [[Aomori Prefecture]]. The [[Seikan Tunnel]] passes under it at its narrowest point 12.1 miles (19.5&nbsp;km) between Tappi Misaki on the [[Tsugaru Peninsula]] in [[Aomori Prefecture]], Honshu, and Shirakami Misaki on the [[Matsumae Peninsula]] in Hokkaido.
In the past, the most common way for passengers and [[freight]] to cross the strait was on [[ferries]], approximately a four-hour journey. Now the [[Seikan Tunnel]] provides a convenient but more expensive alternative and approximately halves the travel time in comparison to ferrying. When [[Hokkaidō Shinkansen|Shinkansen trains]] can traverse the tunnel to [[Hakodate]] (scheduled for 2015), the journey time will be cut to 50 minutes.<ref>{{cite journal| author=Morse, D. | title=Japan Tunnels Under the Ocean | journal=Civil Engineering | year=May 1988 | volume=58 | issue = 5 | pages=50–53}}</ref>


Western maps made prior to the 20th century also referred to this waterway as the '''Strait of Sangar'''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85138341.html|title=Tsugaru Strait (Japan) - LC Linked Data Service: Authorities and Vocabularies {{!}} Library of Congress, from LC Linked Data Service: Authorities and Vocabularies (Library of Congress)|last=Congress|first=The Library of|website=id.loc.gov|access-date=2023-07-06}}</ref>
On September 26, 1954 1,172 lives were lost when the ferry ''[[Tōya Maru]]'' sank in the strait.<ref>
{{cite web
| title = Seikan Railroad Ferryboat Accident, Failure Knowledge Database
| publisher = Japan Science and Technology Agency
| url = http://shippai.jst.go.jp/en/Detail?fn=0&id=CA1000609&
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}}
</ref>


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Japan's territorial waters extend to three nautical miles (5.6&nbsp;km) into the strait instead of the usual twelve, reportedly to allow [[Nuclear weapon|nuclear]]-armed [[United States Navy]] warships and submarines to transit the strait without violating Japan's prohibition against nuclear weapons in its territory.<ref>[[Kyodo News]], "[http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2009/06/22/national/japan-left-key-straits-open-for-u-s-nukes/ Japan left key straits open for U.S. nukes]", ''[[The Japan Times]]'', June 22, 2009.</ref> Despite this, the part of the Tsugaru Strait considered to be in [[international waters]] is still within Japan's [[exclusive economic zone]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www1.kaiho.mlit.go.jp/JODC/ryokai/ryokai_setsuzoku.html|title = 日本の領海等概念図}}</ref> and the [[Seikan Tunnel]] remains entirely under Japanese jurisdiction even though part of it is technically outside Japan's territorial waters.
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[[Thomas Blakiston]], an English explorer and naturalist, noticed that animals in Hokkaido were related to northern Asian species, whereas those on Honshu to the south were related to those from southern Asia. The Tsugaru Strait was therefore established as a major zoogeographical boundary, and became known as the "Blakiston Line".<ref>

{{cite web
⚫
The Tsugaru Strait has eastern and western necks, both approximately 20&nbsp;km across with maximum depths of 200 m and 140 m respectively.<ref>{{cite journal| author=Tsuji, H., Sawada, T. and Takizawa, M. | title=Extraordinary inundation accidents in the Seikan undersea tunnel | journal=Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Geotechnical Engineering | year=1996 | volume=119 | issue= 1 | pages=1–14 | doi=10.1680/igeng.1996.28131}}</ref>
| title = Nature in Japan

| publisher = Ministry of the Environment Government of Japan
There are also ferry services that operate across the strait, including the [[Tsugaru Kaikyō Ferry]] and the [[Seikan ferry]].
| url = http://www.env.go.jp/earth/coop/coop/materials/08-ttmnce/08-ttmnce-21.pdf

}}
On September 26, 1954, 1,172 people died when the ferry ''[[Tōya Maru]]'' sank in the strait.<ref>{{cite web | title = Seikan Railroad Ferryboat Accident, Failure Knowledge Database | publisher = Japan Science and Technology Agency | url = http://shippai.jst.go.jp/en/Detail?fn=0&id=CA1000609& | url-status = dead | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20100722040342/http://shippai.jst.go.jp/en/Detail?fn=0&id=CA1000609& | archivedate = 2010-07-22 }}</ref>
</ref>

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[[Thomas Blakiston]], an English explorer and naturalist, noticed that animals in Hokkaido were related to northern Asian species, whereas those on Honshu to the south were related to those from southern Asia. The Tsugaru Strait was therefore established as a major zoogeographical boundary, and became known as ''[[Blakiston's Line]]'' or the "Blakiston Line".<ref>{{cite web | title = Nature in Japan | publisher = Ministry of the Environment Government of Japan | url = http://www.env.go.jp/earth/coop/coop/materials/08-ttmnce/08-ttmnce-21.pdf}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Oceans_Seven]] marathon swimming challenge includes the Tsugaru Strait
* [[Exclusive economic zone of Japan]]
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* [[Geography of Japan]]


==References==
==References==
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==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category-inline|Tsugaru Strait}}
* {{Commons category-inline|Tsugaru Strait}}


{{coord|41|29|57|N|140|36|57|E|region:JP_type:waterbody|display=title}}
{{coord|41|29|57|N|140|36|57|E|region:JP_type:waterbody|display=title}}


{{Authority control}}
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[[Category:Straits of Japan]]
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[[Category:Geography of Aomori Prefecture]]
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[[Category:Geography of Hokkaido]]


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[[Category:Straits of Japan]]
{{Hokkaido-geo-stub}}
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[[Category:Landforms of Aomori Prefecture]]
{{Aomori-geo-stub}}
[[Category:Landforms of Hokkaido]]

Latest revision as of 16:21, 24 April 2024

Tsugaru Strait
Tsugaru Strait. Honshu is south, Hokkaido north.
Tsugaru Strait is located in Japan
Tsugaru Strait
Tsugaru Strait
LocationJapan
Coordinates41°29′57″N 140°36′57″E / 41.49917°N 140.61583°E / 41.49917; 140.61583
EtymologyJapanese
Max. depth200 m (660 ft)
Ships on the Tsugaru Strait
Tappi Misaki Cape

The Tsugaru Strait (津軽海峡, Tsugaru Kaikyō) is a strait between Honshu and Hokkaido in northern Japan connecting the Sea of Japan with the Pacific Ocean. It was named after the western part of Aomori Prefecture. The Seikan Tunnel passes under it at its narrowest point 12.1 miles (19.5 km) between Tappi Misaki on the Tsugaru Peninsula in Aomori Prefecture, Honshu, and Shirakami Misaki on the Matsumae Peninsula in Hokkaido.

Western maps made prior to the 20th century also referred to this waterway as the Strait of Sangar.[1]

Japan's territorial waters extend to three nautical miles (5.6 km) into the strait instead of the usual twelve, reportedly to allow nuclear-armed United States Navy warships and submarines to transit the strait without violating Japan's prohibition against nuclear weapons in its territory.[2] Despite this, the part of the Tsugaru Strait considered to be in international waters is still within Japan's exclusive economic zone,[3] and the Seikan Tunnel remains entirely under Japanese jurisdiction even though part of it is technically outside Japan's territorial waters.

The Tsugaru Strait has eastern and western necks, both approximately 20 km across with maximum depths of 200 m and 140 m respectively.[4]

There are also ferry services that operate across the strait, including the Tsugaru Kaikyō Ferry and the Seikan ferry.

On September 26, 1954, 1,172 people died when the ferry Tōya Maru sank in the strait.[5]

Thomas Blakiston, an English explorer and naturalist, noticed that animals in Hokkaido were related to northern Asian species, whereas those on Honshu to the south were related to those from southern Asia. The Tsugaru Strait was therefore established as a major zoogeographical boundary, and became known as Blakiston's Line or the "Blakiston Line".[6]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Congress, The Library of. "Tsugaru Strait (Japan) - LC Linked Data Service: Authorities and Vocabularies | Library of Congress, from LC Linked Data Service: Authorities and Vocabularies (Library of Congress)". id.loc.gov. Retrieved 2023-07-06.
  2. ^ Kyodo News, "Japan left key straits open for U.S. nukes", The Japan Times, June 22, 2009.
  3. ^ "日本の領海等概念図".
  4. ^ Tsuji, H., Sawada, T. and Takizawa, M. (1996). "Extraordinary inundation accidents in the Seikan undersea tunnel". Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Geotechnical Engineering. 119 (1): 1–14. doi:10.1680/igeng.1996.28131.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ "Seikan Railroad Ferryboat Accident, Failure Knowledge Database". Japan Science and Technology Agency. Archived from the original on 2010-07-22.
  6. ^ "Nature in Japan" (PDF). Ministry of the Environment Government of Japan.

External links[edit]

41°29′57″N 140°36′57″E / 41.49917°N 140.61583°E / 41.49917; 140.61583

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