Yamagata (city): Difference between revisions
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{{About|the city in Japan|the prefecture with the same name where this city is located|Yamagata Prefecture|other uses|Yamagata (disambiguation)}} |
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{{Distinguish|Yamagata, Gifu}} |
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{{Infobox settlement |
{{Infobox settlement |
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<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->| name = |
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->| name = Yamagata |
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| native_name = |
| native_name = {{nobold|{{lang|ja|山形市}}}} |
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| official_name = |
| official_name = |
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| settlement_type = [[Core cities of Japan|Core city]] |
| settlement_type = [[Core cities of Japan|Core city]] |
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<!-- images, nickname, motto --> |
<!-- images, nickname, motto --> |
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| image_skyline = Yamagata |
| image_skyline = Yamagata Montage.jpg |
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| imagesize = |
| imagesize = |
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| image_alt = |
| image_alt = |
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| image_caption = '''Above''':View of [[:ja:霞城公園|Kajō Park]] and [[Mogami Yoshiaki|Statue of Yoshiaki Mogami]], '''Middle''':[[Yamagata Hanagasa Festival]], [[Yama-dera]] (Risshaku Temple), '''Bottom''':[[Zaō Onsen|Zaō Spa]], [[:ja:文翔館|Yamagata Prefectural Folk Museum]] (all items from left to right) |
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| image_caption = Downtown Yamagata, on the Yamagataekimae Ōdōri (Prefectural Road 16) |
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| image_flag = Flag of Yamagata, Yamagata.svg |
| image_flag = Flag of Yamagata, Yamagata.svg |
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| flag_alt = |
| flag_alt = |
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| subdivision_type3 = |
| subdivision_type3 = |
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| subdivision_name3 = <!-- established --> |
| subdivision_name3 = <!-- established --> |
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| established_title |
| established_title = First official recorded |
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| established_date |
| established_date = 690 AD |
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| established_title2 = City Settled |
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| established_date2 = April 1, 1889 |
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| founder = |
| founder = |
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| named_for = <!-- seat, smaller parts --> |
| named_for = <!-- seat, smaller parts --> |
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<!-- area -->| area_magnitude = <!-- use only to set a special wikilink --> |
<!-- area -->| area_magnitude = <!-- use only to set a special wikilink --> |
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| area_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags --> |
| area_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags --> |
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| area_total_km2 = 381. |
| area_total_km2 = 381.30 |
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| area_land_km2 = |
| area_land_km2 = |
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| area_water_km2 = |
| area_water_km2 = |
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| elevation_m = <!-- population --> |
| elevation_m = <!-- population --> |
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| population_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags --> |
| population_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags --> |
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| population_total = |
| population_total = 242505 |
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| population_as_of = |
| population_as_of = August 1, 2023 |
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| population_density_km2 = auto |
| population_density_km2 = auto |
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| population_est = |
| population_est = |
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| pop_est_as_of = |
| pop_est_as_of = |
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| population_demonym = <!-- demonym, |
| population_demonym = <!-- demonym, i.e. Liverpudlian for someone from Liverpool --> |
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| population_note = <!-- time zone(s) --> |
| population_note = <!-- time zone(s) --> |
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| timezone1 = [[Japan Standard Time]] |
| timezone1 = [[Japan Standard Time]] |
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| footnotes = |
| footnotes = |
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}} |
}} |
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[[File:Yamagata City Hall.jpg |
[[File:220430 Yamagata City Hall Yamagata Yamagata pref Japan01s3.jpg|thumb|Yamagata city hall]] |
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[[File:Yamagata city downtown.jpg|thumb|Downtown Yamagata, on the Yamagataekimae Ōdōri (Prefectural Road 16)]] |
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{{Nihongo|'''Yamagata'''|山形市|Yamagata-shi|extra={{IPA-ja|jamaꜜɡata|lang}}}} is the capital [[Cities of Japan|city]] of [[Yamagata Prefecture]] located in the [[Tōhoku region]] of northern [[Japan]]. {{As of| |
{{Nihongo|'''Yamagata'''|山形市|Yamagata-shi|extra={{IPA-ja|jamaꜜɡata|lang}}}} is the capital [[Cities of Japan|city]] of [[Yamagata Prefecture]] located in the [[Tōhoku region]] of northern [[Japan]]. {{As of|2023|08|01}}, the city had an estimated [[population]] of 242,505 in 103,165 households,<ref>[http://www.city.yamagata-yamagata.lg.jp/kakuka/kikaku/kikaku/sogo/gazoufile/toukei/suikei/pf0510113703/b7k5if.pdf Yamagata City official statistics] {{in lang|ja}}</ref> and a [[population density]] of 636 persons per km². The total area of the city is {{convert|381.58|km²|0|abbr=out}}. |
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==Geography== |
==Geography== |
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Yamagata is |
Yamagata is in the southern portion of the Yamagata Basin in southeast Yamagata Prefecture. The northern and northwestern parts of the city are flatland, and the eastern part of the city is occupied by the [[Ōu Mountains]]. The city includes [[Mount Zaō]] within its borders. The Mamigasaki River passes through the city, and the Tachiyagawa River forms the border between Yamagata and Tendō. |
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===Neighboring municipalities=== |
===Neighboring municipalities=== |
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**[[Kawasaki, Miyagi|Kawasaki]] |
**[[Kawasaki, Miyagi|Kawasaki]] |
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== |
===Climate=== |
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Yamagata has a [[Humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Dfa'') with large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. Precipitation is significant throughout the year, but is heaviest from July to September. The average annual temperature in Yamagata is {{convert|11.7|°C}}. The average annual rainfall is {{convert|1163|mm|in}} with July as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around {{convert|25|°C}}, and lowest in January, at around {{convert|-0.4|°C}}.<ref>[https://en.climate-data.org/asia/japan/yamagata/yamagata-5500/ Yamagata climate data]</ref> Yamagata city is part of the heavy snow area of Japan (Gosetsu chitai, {{lang|ja|豪雪地帯}}) with snowfall most days throughout the winter season. |
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Per Japanese census data,<ref>[https://www.citypopulation.de/php/japan-yamagata.php Yamagata population statistics]</ref> the population of Yamagata has remained steady over the past 40 years. |
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{{Historical populations |
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| 1960 | 188,560 |
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| 1970 | 204,127 |
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| 1980 | 237,041 |
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| 1990 | 249,487 |
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| 2000 | 255,396 |
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| 2010 | 254,084 |
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|align = none |
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| footnote = |
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}} |
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==Climate== |
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Yamagata has a [[Humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Dfa'') with large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. Precipitation is significant throughout the year, but is heaviest from August to October. The average annual temperature in Yamagata is {{convert|11.7|°C}}. The average annual rainfall is {{convert|1307|mm|ftin}} with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around {{convert|25.2|°C}}, and lowest in January, at around {{convert|-0.8|°C}}.<ref>[https://en.climate-data.org/asia/japan/yamagata/yamagata-5500/ Yamagata climate data]</ref> Yamagata city is part of the heavy snow area of Japan (Gosetsu chitai, {{lang|ja|豪雪地帯}}) with snowfall most days throughout the winter season. |
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Yamagata City is located in a wide central valley that can heat up quickly in spring and summer and is often grey and humid, while to the east in [[Miyagi Prefecture]] on the Pacific coast it is usually clearer and more temperate. |
Yamagata City is located in a wide central valley that can heat up quickly in spring and summer and is often grey and humid, while to the east in [[Miyagi Prefecture]] on the Pacific coast it is usually clearer and more temperate. |
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{{Weather box |
{{Weather box |
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|width = auto |
|width = auto |
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|collapsed = Y |
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|location = Yamagata, Yamagata (1981-2010) |
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|metric first = Y |
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|single line = Y |
|single line = Y |
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|metric first = Y |
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|location = Yamagata (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1889−present) |
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|Feb high C = 4.0 |
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|Jan record high C = 18.1 |
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|Feb record high C = 17.3 |
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|Mar record high C = 23.7 |
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|Apr record high C = 33.3 |
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|May record high C = 34.1 |
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|Jun record high C = 37.5 |
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|Jul record high C = 40.8 |
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|Aug record high C = 39.0 |
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|Sep record high C = 36.6 |
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|Oct record high C = 32.3 |
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|Nov record high C = 26.9 |
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|Dec record high C = 20.6 |
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|Jan record low C = -20.0 |
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|Feb record low C = -19.0 |
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|Mar record low C = -15.5 |
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|Apr record low C = -7.3 |
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|May record low C = -1.8 |
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|Jun record low C = 3.0 |
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|Jul record low C = 6.7 |
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|Aug record low C = 8.4 |
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|Sep record low C = 3.0 |
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|Oct record low C = -2.4 |
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|Nov record low C = -7.2 |
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|Dec record low C = -15.0 |
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|Jan low C = −3.4 |
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|Feb low C = −3.3 |
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|Mar low C = −0.7 |
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|Apr low C = 4.5 |
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|May low C = 10.1 |
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|Jun low C = 15.2 |
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|Jul low C = 19.4 |
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|Aug low C = 20.7 |
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|Sep low C = 16.2 |
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|Oct low C = 9.2 |
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|Nov low C = 3.2 |
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|Dec low C = −0.7 |
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|year low C = |
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|precipitation colour = green |
|precipitation colour = green |
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|Jan precipitation mm = |
|Jan precipitation mm = 87.8 |
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|Feb precipitation mm = |
|Feb precipitation mm = 63.0 |
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|Mar precipitation mm = |
|Mar precipitation mm = 72.1 |
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|Apr precipitation mm = |
|Apr precipitation mm = 63.9 |
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|May precipitation mm = |
|May precipitation mm = 74.5 |
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|Jun precipitation mm = |
|Jun precipitation mm = 104.8 |
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|Jul precipitation mm = |
|Jul precipitation mm = 187.2 |
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|Aug precipitation mm = |
|Aug precipitation mm = 153.0 |
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|Sep precipitation mm = |
|Sep precipitation mm = 123.8 |
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|Oct precipitation mm = |
|Oct precipitation mm = 105.1 |
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|Nov precipitation mm = |
|Nov precipitation mm = 74.4 |
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|Dec precipitation mm = |
|Dec precipitation mm = 97.2 |
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|year precipitation mm = 1206.7 |
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|Jan snow cm = 148 |
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|Jan mean C = -0.1 |
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|Feb mean C = 0.4 |
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|Mar mean C = 4.0 |
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|Apr mean C = 10.2 |
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|May mean C = 16.2 |
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|Jun mean C = 20.3 |
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|Jul mean C = 23.9 |
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|Aug mean C = 25.0 |
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|Sep mean C = 20.6 |
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|Oct mean C = 14.1 |
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|Nov mean C = 7.7 |
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|Dec mean C = 2.4 |
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|year mean C = 12.1 |
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|Jan high C = 3.3 |
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|Feb high C = 4.4 |
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|Mar high C = 9.1 |
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|Apr high C = 16.4 |
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|May high C = 22.6 |
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|Jun high C = 25.9 |
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|Jul high C = 29.1 |
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|Aug high C = 30.5 |
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|Sep high C = 25.8 |
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|Oct high C = 19.5 |
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|Nov high C = 12.6 |
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|Dec high C = 6.1 |
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|year high C = 17.1 |
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|Jan low C = -3.1 |
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|Feb low C = -3.1 |
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|Mar low C = -0.3 |
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|Apr low C = 4.7 |
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|May low C = 10.7 |
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|Jun low C = 15.7 |
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|Jul low C = 20.0 |
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|Aug low C = 20.9 |
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|Sep low C = 16.6 |
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|Oct low C = 9.8 |
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|Nov low C = 3.6 |
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|Dec low C = -0.7 |
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|year low C = 7.9 |
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|Jan humidity = 81 |
|Jan humidity = 81 |
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|Feb humidity = 77 |
|Feb humidity = 77 |
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|Mar humidity = 69 |
|Mar humidity = 69 |
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|Apr humidity = 62 |
|Apr humidity = 62 |
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|May humidity = |
|May humidity = 64 |
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|Jun humidity = |
|Jun humidity = 71 |
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|Jul humidity = |
|Jul humidity = 76 |
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|Aug humidity = 75 |
|Aug humidity = 75 |
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|Sep humidity = 77 |
|Sep humidity = 77 |
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|Oct humidity = 77 |
|Oct humidity = 77 |
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|Nov humidity = 78 |
|Nov humidity = 78 |
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|Dec humidity = |
|Dec humidity = 81 |
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|year humidity = 74 |
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|Jan sun = 79.6 |
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|Feb sun = 99.6 |
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|Mar sun = 140.4 |
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|Apr sun = 175.9 |
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|May sun = 196.5 |
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|Jun sun = 165.0 |
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|Jul sun = 144.5 |
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|Aug sun = 171.8 |
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|Sep sun = 136.6 |
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|Nov snow days = 4.2 |
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|Dec snow days = 18.5 |
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|Jan sun = 84.8 |
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|Feb sun = 98.9 |
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|Mar sun = 140.3 |
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|Apr sun = 176.1 |
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|May sun = 191.5 |
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|Jun sun = 158.8 |
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|Jul sun = 143.7 |
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|Aug sun = 178.4 |
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|Sep sun = 128.7 |
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|Oct sun = 132.1 |
|Oct sun = 132.1 |
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|Nov sun = |
|Nov sun = 102.2 |
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|Dec sun = |
|Dec sun = 73.8 |
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|year sun = 1617.9 |
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|source 1 = [http://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/nml_sfc_ym.php?prec_no=35&block_no=47588&year=&month=&day=&view= Japan Meteorological Agency ] |
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|Jan snow cm = 103 |
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|Feb snow cm = 79 |
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|Mar snow cm = 35 |
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|Apr snow cm = 2 |
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|May snow cm = 0 |
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|Jun snow cm = 0 |
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|Jul snow cm = 0 |
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|Aug snow cm = 0 |
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|Sep snow cm = 0 |
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|Oct snow cm = 0 |
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|Nov snow cm = 4 |
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|Dec snow cm = 66 |
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|year snow cm = 285 |
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|unit precipitation days = 0.5 mm |
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|Jan precipitation days = 18.6 |
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|Feb precipitation days = 14.9 |
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|Mar precipitation days = 14.5 |
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|Apr precipitation days = 11.2 |
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|May precipitation days = 10.2 |
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|Jun precipitation days = 11.1 |
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|Jul precipitation days = 14.1 |
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|Aug precipitation days = 11.5 |
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|Sep precipitation days = 11.9 |
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|Oct precipitation days = 11.9 |
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|Nov precipitation days = 14.2 |
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|Dec precipitation days = 17.8 |
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|year precipitation days = 162.1 |
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|source 1 = Japan Meteorological Agency<ref>{{cite web |
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| url = https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/index.php?prec_no=35&block_no=47588&year=&month=&day=&view= |
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|script-title=ja:気象庁 / 平年値(年・月ごとの値) |
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| publisher = [[Japan Meteorological Agency]] |
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| access-date = May 19, 2021}}</ref> |
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}} |
}} |
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==Demographics== |
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* Yamagata registered the highest temperature ever recorded in Japan ({{convert|40.8|C|disp=or}} on July 25, 1933) until the record was broken by two cities ({{convert|40.9|C|disp=or}} in [[Kumagaya, Saitama]] and [[Tajimi, Gifu]]) on August 16, 2007<ref>河北新報 (Kahoku Shimpō newspaper) page 1; August 17, 2007.</ref> |
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Per Japanese census data,<ref>[https://www.citypopulation.de/php/japan-yamagata.php Yamagata population statistics]</ref> the population of Yamagata has remained relatively steady over the past 40 years. |
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{{Historical populations |
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| 1960 | 188,560 |
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| 1970 | 204,127 |
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| 1980 | 237,041 |
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| 1990 | 249,487 |
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| 2000 | 255,369 |
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| 2010 | 254,244 |
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| 2020 | 247,590 |
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|align = none |
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| footnote = |
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}} |
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==History== |
==History== |
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The area of present-day Yamagata was part of [[Dewa Province]]. During the [[Edo period]], it was a [[jōkamachi|castle town]] and the center of [[Yamagata Domain]] under the [[Tokugawa shogunate]]. The city of Yamagata was founded on April 1, 1889 as the capital of Yamagata Prefecture with the creation of the modern municipalities system. The city attained [[Special cities of Japan|special city]] status on April 1, 2001. The city's status is then further elevated into a [[Core cities of Japan|core city]] on April 1, 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.city.yamagata-yamagata.lg.jp/shiseijoho/sub4/tyukakushi/67325pd1024155224.html|script-title=ja:山形市の中核市移行が決定しました!!|website=Official site of Yamagata|language= |
The area of present-day Yamagata was part of [[Dewa Province]]. During the [[Edo period]], it was a [[jōkamachi|castle town]] and the center of [[Yamagata Domain]] under the [[Tokugawa shogunate]]. The city of Yamagata was founded on April 1, 1889 as the capital of Yamagata Prefecture with the creation of the modern municipalities system. The city attained [[Special cities of Japan|special city]] status on April 1, 2001. The city's status is then further elevated into a [[Core cities of Japan|core city]] on April 1, 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.city.yamagata-yamagata.lg.jp/shiseijoho/sub4/tyukakushi/67325pd1024155224.html|script-title=ja:山形市の中核市移行が決定しました!!|website=Official site of Yamagata|language=ja|access-date=April 7, 2019}}</ref> |
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==Government== |
==Government== |
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Yamagata has a [[mayor-council]] form of government with a directly elected mayor and a [[unicameral]] city legislature of 33 members. The city contributes nine members to the Yamagata Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Yamagata District 1 of the [[House of Representatives of Japan|lower house]] of the [[Diet of Japan]]. |
Yamagata has a [[mayor-council]] form of government with a directly elected mayor and a [[unicameral]] city legislature of 33 members. The city contributes nine members to the Yamagata Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Yamagata District 1 of the [[House of Representatives of Japan|lower house]] of the [[Diet of Japan]]. |
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==Education== |
==Education== |
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===Highway=== |
===Highway=== |
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* |
* {{jct|country=JPN|Exp|E13|dab1=TC}} – Yamagata-chūō, Yamagata-Kaminoyama interchanges |
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* |
* {{jct|country=JPN|Exp|E48|dab1=Y}} – Yamagata-Zaō, Yamagata-kita, Sekizawa interchanges |
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*{{jct|country=JPN|Route|13}} |
* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|13}} |
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*{{jct|country=JPN|Route|48}} |
* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|48}} |
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*{{jct|country=JPN|Route|112}} |
* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|112}} |
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*{{jct|country=JPN|Route|286}} |
* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|286}} |
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*{{jct|country=JPN|Route|348}} |
* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|348}} |
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*{{jct|country=JPN|Route|458}} |
* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|458}} |
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==Culture== |
==Culture== |
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===Local events=== |
===Local events=== |
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*{{nihongo| |
*{{nihongo|[[Yamagata Hanagasa Festival]]|花笠祭り|Hanagasa Matsuri}} - one of [[Tōhoku region|Tōhoku]]'s major summer festivals, is held in the city every August 5, 6 and 7. Yamagata also hosts the bi-annual [[Yamagata International Documentary Film Festival]]. An autumn tradition is ''Imoni-kai'' (taro potato party). Taro potatoes, thin-sliced meat, and vegetables are cooked in a large pot at picnic spots. The banks of the Mamigasaki River are popular. Once a year, on the first Sunday in September, the city government serves thousands of bowls from its giant iron pot, which is serviced by a building crane. In 2009, 30,000 servings were prepared and served, and still a crowd waited in line.<ref>Yamagata Shinbun Newspaper, Sept.7, 2009</ref> |
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===Local attractions=== |
===Local attractions=== |
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* Kajo Park, located in the city center of town northwest of the train station, is the extensive grounds of castle keep of feudal warlord [[Mogami Yoshiaki]]. While most of the park is athletic fields and public function buildings, the rebuilt walls, eastern main gate, and surrounding moat of the former castle are impressive. The [[Mogami Yoshiaki Historical Museum]] nearby features items from the [[Edo period]], and information on these exhibits and the history of the castle town. It also contains a small public museum with displays of natural and social history. |
* Kajo Park, located in the city center of town northwest of the train station, is the extensive grounds of castle keep of feudal warlord [[Mogami Yoshiaki]]. While most of the park is athletic fields and public function buildings, the rebuilt walls, eastern main gate, and surrounding moat of the former castle are impressive. The [[Mogami Yoshiaki Historical Museum]] nearby features items from the [[Edo period]], and information on these exhibits and the history of the castle town. It also contains a small public museum with displays of natural and social history. |
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*Yamagata Museum of Art. |
*Yamagata Museum of Art. |
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*Mt. Zao, located just 40 minutes via bus from Yamagata Station is the massive mountain known as Mt. Zao. This is one of Japan's most famous places for [[skiing]] and snowboarding and also has many hiking courses to enjoy. There is also an [[onsen]] town here with many [[ryokan]] and public baths to soak in the water of Mt. Zao. |
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*Bunshokan, the former prefectural office of Yamagata has now been remade as a museum that shows the history of Yamagata Prefecture and also is completely free for visitors to enter and look around. |
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*Chitosekan, is one of Yamagata's oldest and most famous ryotei restaurants and was built by the same designer who made the bunshokan office in the center of Yamagata City. |
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*Hirashimizu is an artisans village located just 15 minutes from the center of Yamagata City and has many pottery shops and craft shops to explore.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehiddenjapan.com/hirashimizu|title=Hirashimizu | Yamagata | the Hidden Japan}}</ref> |
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==International relations== |
==International relations== |
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===Twin towns – sister cities=== |
===Twin towns – sister cities=== |
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Yamagata is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:<ref>{{cite web |title=山形市の友好・姉妹都市について|url=https://www.city.yamagata-yamagata.lg.jp/shiseijoho/sub8/shimaitoshi/5714fsistercity7.html|website=city.yamagata-yamagata.lg.jp|publisher=Yamagata|language=ja| |
Yamagata is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:<ref>{{cite web |title=山形市の友好・姉妹都市について|url=https://www.city.yamagata-yamagata.lg.jp/shiseijoho/sub8/shimaitoshi/5714fsistercity7.html|website=city.yamagata-yamagata.lg.jp|publisher=Yamagata|language=ja|access-date=2020-04-08}}</ref> |
||
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{{div col|colwidth=20em}} |
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*{{flagicon|USA}} [[Boulder, Colorado|Boulder]], United States (1994) |
*{{flagicon|USA}} [[Boulder, Colorado|Boulder]], United States (1994) |
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*{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Jilin City]], China (1983) |
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*{{flagicon|AUT}} [[Kitzbühel]], Austria (1963) |
*{{flagicon|AUT}} [[Kitzbühel]], Austria (1963) |
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*{{flagicon|AUS}} [[Swan Hill]], Australia (1980) |
*{{flagicon|AUS}} [[Swan Hill]], Australia (1980) |
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{{div col|colwidth=20em}} |
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*{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Ōshima, Tokyo|Ōshima]], Japan (1978) |
*{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Ōshima, Tokyo|Ōshima]], Japan (1978) |
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*{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Jilin City]], China (1983) |
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*{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Kami, Miyagi|Kami]], Japan (1989) |
*{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Kami, Miyagi|Kami]], Japan (1989) |
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*{{flagicon|TWN}} [[Tainan]], Taiwan (2017) |
*{{flagicon|TWN}} [[Tainan]], Taiwan (2017) |
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==Notable people== |
==Notable people== |
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*[[Yoshiharu Abe]], musician |
*[[Yoshiharu Abe]], musician |
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*[[Yudai Igarashi]], racing driver |
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*[[Joji Kato]], speed skater |
*[[Joji Kato]], speed skater |
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*[[Yoshitaka Kuroda (racing driver)|Yoshitaka Kuroda]], racing driver |
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*[[Yoshimi Niizeki]], [[professional golfer]] |
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*[[Ken Okuyama]], industrial designer |
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*[[Manami Hashimoto|Manami Hosokawa]], actress and gravure idol |
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*[[Yuko Oga]], basketball player |
*[[Yuko Oga]], basketball player |
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*[[Ito Ogawa]], writer |
*[[Ito Ogawa]], writer |
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*[[Chihiro Suzuki]], voice actor |
*[[Chihiro Suzuki]], voice actor |
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*[[Miyuki Takahashi]], volleyball player |
*[[Miyuki Takahashi]], volleyball player |
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*[[Eriko Watanabe]], actress |
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*[[Ken Okuyama]], industrial designer |
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*Anna Penner, academic |
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*[[:ja:妻沼岩彦|Iwahiko Tsumanuma]], architect |
*[[:ja:妻沼岩彦|Iwahiko Tsumanuma]], architect |
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*[[Eri Watanabe|Eriko Watanabe]], actress |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{wikivoyage|Yamagata}} |
{{wikivoyage|Yamagata}} |
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*[http://www.city.yamagata-yamagata.lg.jp/ Official Website] {{in lang|ja}} |
*[http://www.city.yamagata-yamagata.lg.jp/ Official Website] {{in lang|ja}} |
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*[https://www.thehiddenjapan.com/yamagatacity English Travel Website] {{in lang|en}} |
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{{Yamagata}} |
{{Yamagata}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
{{Authority control}} |
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{{Most populous cities in Japan}} |
{{Most populous cities in Japan}} |
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[[Category:Cities in Yamagata Prefecture]] |
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[[Category:Yamagata, Yamagata| ]] |
[[Category:Yamagata, Yamagata| ]] |
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[[Category:Cities in Yamagata Prefecture]] |
Revision as of 08:15, 12 April 2024
Yamagata
山形市 | |
---|---|
Coordinates: 38°15′19.5″N 140°20′22.6″E / 38.255417°N 140.339611°E | |
Country | Japan |
Region | Tōhoku |
Prefecture | Yamagata Prefecture |
First official recorded | 690 AD |
City Settled | April 1, 1889 |
Government | |
• Mayor | Takahiro Satō |
Area | |
• Total | 381.30 km2 (147.22 sq mi) |
Population (August 1, 2023) | |
• Total | 242,505 |
• Density | 640/km2 (1,600/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+9 (Japan Standard Time) |
- Tree | Japanese Rowan |
- Flower | Safflower |
Phone number | 023-641-1212 |
Address | 2-3-25 Hatagomachi, Yamagata-shi, Yamagata-ken 990-8540 |
Website | Official website |
Yamagata (山形市, Yamagata-shi, Japanese: [jamaꜜɡata]) is the capital city of Yamagata Prefecture located in the Tōhoku region of northern Japan. As of 1 August 2023[update], the city had an estimated population of 242,505 in 103,165 households,[1] and a population density of 636 persons per km². The total area of the city is 381.58 square kilometres (147 sq mi).
Geography
Yamagata is in the southern portion of the Yamagata Basin in southeast Yamagata Prefecture. The northern and northwestern parts of the city are flatland, and the eastern part of the city is occupied by the Ōu Mountains. The city includes Mount Zaō within its borders. The Mamigasaki River passes through the city, and the Tachiyagawa River forms the border between Yamagata and Tendō.
Neighboring municipalities
- Yamagata Prefecture
- Miyagi Prefecture
Climate
Yamagata has a Humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfa) with large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. Precipitation is significant throughout the year, but is heaviest from July to September. The average annual temperature in Yamagata is 11.7 °C (53.1 °F). The average annual rainfall is 1,163 millimetres (45.8 in) with July as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 25 °C (77 °F), and lowest in January, at around −0.4 °C (31.3 °F).[2] Yamagata city is part of the heavy snow area of Japan (Gosetsu chitai, 豪雪地帯) with snowfall most days throughout the winter season.
Yamagata City is located in a wide central valley that can heat up quickly in spring and summer and is often grey and humid, while to the east in Miyagi Prefecture on the Pacific coast it is usually clearer and more temperate.
Climate data for Yamagata (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1889−present) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 18.1 (64.6) |
17.3 (63.1) |
23.7 (74.7) |
33.3 (91.9) |
34.1 (93.4) |
37.5 (99.5) |
40.8 (105.4) |
39.0 (102.2) |
36.6 (97.9) |
32.3 (90.1) |
26.9 (80.4) |
20.6 (69.1) |
40.8 (105.4) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 3.3 (37.9) |
4.4 (39.9) |
9.1 (48.4) |
16.4 (61.5) |
22.6 (72.7) |
25.9 (78.6) |
29.1 (84.4) |
30.5 (86.9) |
25.8 (78.4) |
19.5 (67.1) |
12.6 (54.7) |
6.1 (43.0) |
17.1 (62.8) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −0.1 (31.8) |
0.4 (32.7) |
4.0 (39.2) |
10.2 (50.4) |
16.2 (61.2) |
20.3 (68.5) |
23.9 (75.0) |
25.0 (77.0) |
20.6 (69.1) |
14.1 (57.4) |
7.7 (45.9) |
2.4 (36.3) |
12.1 (53.8) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −3.1 (26.4) |
−3.1 (26.4) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
4.7 (40.5) |
10.7 (51.3) |
15.7 (60.3) |
20.0 (68.0) |
20.9 (69.6) |
16.6 (61.9) |
9.8 (49.6) |
3.6 (38.5) |
−0.7 (30.7) |
7.9 (46.2) |
Record low °C (°F) | −20.0 (−4.0) |
−19.0 (−2.2) |
−15.5 (4.1) |
−7.3 (18.9) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
3.0 (37.4) |
6.7 (44.1) |
8.4 (47.1) |
3.0 (37.4) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−15.0 (5.0) |
−20.0 (−4.0) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 87.8 (3.46) |
63.0 (2.48) |
72.1 (2.84) |
63.9 (2.52) |
74.5 (2.93) |
104.8 (4.13) |
187.2 (7.37) |
153.0 (6.02) |
123.8 (4.87) |
105.1 (4.14) |
74.4 (2.93) |
97.2 (3.83) |
1,206.7 (47.51) |
Average snowfall cm (inches) | 103 (41) |
79 (31) |
35 (14) |
2 (0.8) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
4 (1.6) |
66 (26) |
285 (112) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.5 mm) | 18.6 | 14.9 | 14.5 | 11.2 | 10.2 | 11.1 | 14.1 | 11.5 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 14.2 | 17.8 | 162.1 |
Average relative humidity (%) | 81 | 77 | 69 | 62 | 64 | 71 | 76 | 75 | 77 | 77 | 78 | 81 | 74 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 79.6 | 99.6 | 140.4 | 175.9 | 196.5 | 165.0 | 144.5 | 171.8 | 136.6 | 132.1 | 102.2 | 73.8 | 1,617.9 |
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency[3] |
Demographics
Per Japanese census data,[4] the population of Yamagata has remained relatively steady over the past 40 years.
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1960 | 188,560 | — |
1970 | 204,127 | +8.3% |
1980 | 237,041 | +16.1% |
1990 | 249,487 | +5.3% |
2000 | 255,369 | +2.4% |
2010 | 254,244 | −0.4% |
2020 | 247,590 | −2.6% |
History
The area of present-day Yamagata was part of Dewa Province. During the Edo period, it was a castle town and the center of Yamagata Domain under the Tokugawa shogunate. The city of Yamagata was founded on April 1, 1889 as the capital of Yamagata Prefecture with the creation of the modern municipalities system. The city attained special city status on April 1, 2001. The city's status is then further elevated into a core city on April 1, 2019.[5]
Government
Yamagata has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city legislature of 33 members. The city contributes nine members to the Yamagata Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Yamagata District 1 of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.
Education
- Yamagata has 36 public elementary schools and 15 public middle schools operated by the city government and ten public high schools operated by the Yamagata Prefectural Board of Education. There are also four private high schools. The prefecture also operates three special education schools for the handicapped.
Universities
- Yamagata University, including Kojirakawa Campus (Faculty of Literature & Social Science, the Faculty of Science and the Faculty of Education, Art & Science) and Iida Campus (Faculty of Medicine, School of Nursing and University Hospital).
- Yamagata Prefectural University of Health Sciences
- Tohoku University of Art & Design
- Tohoku Bunkyo College
High schools
- Yamagata East H.S.
- Yamagata South H.S.
- Yamagata West H.S.
- Yamagata North H.S.
- Yamagata Technical H.S.
- Yamagata Central H.S.
- Kajo-Gakuen H.S.
- Yamagata Civic Commercial H.S.
- Yamagata-Gakuin H.S.
- Yamagata-Johoku H.S.
- Tōkai University Yamagata Senior H.S.
- Nihon University Yamagata Senior H.S.
- Yamamoto-Gakuen H.S.
- Yamagata-Meisei H.S.
Transportation
Railway
East Japan Railway Company - Yamagata Shinkansen
East Japan Railway Company - Ōu Main Line(Yamagata Line)
- Zaō - Yamagata - Kita-Yamagata - Uzen-Chitose - Minami-Dewa - Urushiyama]
East Japan Railway Company - Senzan Line
East Japan Railway Company - - Aterazawa Line
Highway
- Tōhoku-Chūō Expressway – Yamagata-chūō, Yamagata-Kaminoyama interchanges
- Yamagata Expressway – Yamagata-Zaō, Yamagata-kita, Sekizawa interchanges
- National Route 13
- National Route 48
- National Route 112
- National Route 286
- National Route 348
- National Route 458
Culture
Local events
- Yamagata Hanagasa Festival (花笠祭り, Hanagasa Matsuri) - one of Tōhoku's major summer festivals, is held in the city every August 5, 6 and 7. Yamagata also hosts the bi-annual Yamagata International Documentary Film Festival. An autumn tradition is Imoni-kai (taro potato party). Taro potatoes, thin-sliced meat, and vegetables are cooked in a large pot at picnic spots. The banks of the Mamigasaki River are popular. Once a year, on the first Sunday in September, the city government serves thousands of bowls from its giant iron pot, which is serviced by a building crane. In 2009, 30,000 servings were prepared and served, and still a crowd waited in line.[6]
Local attractions
- Yama-dera (Ryushaku-ji) lies within the city limits, 15 minutes by train from the center.
- Kajo Park, located in the city center of town northwest of the train station, is the extensive grounds of castle keep of feudal warlord Mogami Yoshiaki. While most of the park is athletic fields and public function buildings, the rebuilt walls, eastern main gate, and surrounding moat of the former castle are impressive. The Mogami Yoshiaki Historical Museum nearby features items from the Edo period, and information on these exhibits and the history of the castle town. It also contains a small public museum with displays of natural and social history.
- Yamagata Museum of Art.
- Mt. Zao, located just 40 minutes via bus from Yamagata Station is the massive mountain known as Mt. Zao. This is one of Japan's most famous places for skiing and snowboarding and also has many hiking courses to enjoy. There is also an onsen town here with many ryokan and public baths to soak in the water of Mt. Zao.
- Bunshokan, the former prefectural office of Yamagata has now been remade as a museum that shows the history of Yamagata Prefecture and also is completely free for visitors to enter and look around.
- Chitosekan, is one of Yamagata's oldest and most famous ryotei restaurants and was built by the same designer who made the bunshokan office in the center of Yamagata City.
- Hirashimizu is an artisans village located just 15 minutes from the center of Yamagata City and has many pottery shops and craft shops to explore.[7]
International relations
Twin towns – sister cities
- Boulder, United States (1994)
- Jilin City, China (1983)
- Kitzbühel, Austria (1963)
- Swan Hill, Australia (1980)
- Ulan-Ude, Russia (1991)
Partner cities
Notable people
- Yoshiharu Abe, musician
- Yudai Igarashi, racing driver
- Joji Kato, speed skater
- Yoshitaka Kuroda, racing driver
- Yoshimi Niizeki, professional golfer
- Ken Okuyama, industrial designer
- Manami Hosokawa, actress and gravure idol
- Yuko Oga, basketball player
- Ito Ogawa, writer
- Shozo Sasahara, wrestler
- Chihiro Suzuki, voice actor
- Miyuki Takahashi, volleyball player
- Iwahiko Tsumanuma, architect
- Eriko Watanabe, actress
References
- ^ Yamagata City official statistics (in Japanese)
- ^ Yamagata climate data
- ^ 気象庁 / 平年値(年・月ごとの値). Japan Meteorological Agency. Retrieved May 19, 2021.
- ^ Yamagata population statistics
- ^ 山形市の中核市移行が決定しました!!. Official site of Yamagata (in Japanese). Retrieved April 7, 2019.
- ^ Yamagata Shinbun Newspaper, Sept.7, 2009
- ^ "Hirashimizu | Yamagata | the Hidden Japan".
- ^ "山形市の友好・姉妹都市について". city.yamagata-yamagata.lg.jp (in Japanese). Yamagata. Retrieved 2020-04-08.
External links
- Official Website (in Japanese)
- English Travel Website (in English)