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{{More citations needed|date=September 2011}} |
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{{Infobox settlement |
{{Infobox settlement |
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| name = Nishinomiya |
| name = Nishinomiya |
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| settlement_type = [[Core cities of Japan|Core city]] |
| settlement_type = [[Core cities of Japan|Core city]] |
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| other_name = |
| other_name = |
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| image_skyline = |
| image_skyline = {{Multiple image |
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| border = infobox |
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| image_caption = Shukugawa Park in spring |
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| total_width = 290 |
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| image_style = border:1; |
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| perrow = 1/2/2 |
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| image1 = Hanshin_Koshien_Stadium_2009.jpg |
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| image2 = Nishinomiya-jinja02st3200.jpg |
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| image3 = Mondoyakujin_yakujindo01.jpg |
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| image4 = Shukugawa05s3872.jpg |
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| image5 = HANKYU_NISHINOMIYA_GARDENS.JPG |
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}} |
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| image_caption = <table style="width:280px;margin:2px auto; border-collapse: collapse"> |
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<tr><td colspan="2">[[Hanshin Koshien Stadium]]</tr> |
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<tr><td>[[Nishinomiya Shrine]]<td>Toko-ji</tr> |
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<tr><td>Shukugawa Park<td>Hankyu Nishinomiya Gardens</tr> |
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</table> |
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| image_flag = Flag of Nishinomiya, Hyogo.svg |
| image_flag = Flag of Nishinomiya, Hyogo.svg |
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| image_seal = Emblem of Nishinomiya, Hyogo.svg |
| image_seal = Emblem of Nishinomiya, Hyogo.svg |
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| seal_type = Chapter |
| seal_type = Chapter |
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| image_map = {{maplink|frame=yes|frame-width=265|plain=yes|type=shape|stroke-width=2|stroke-color=#000000|zoom=10}} |
| image_map = {{maplink|frame=yes|frame-align=center|frame-width=265|plain=yes|type=shape|stroke-width=2|stroke-color=#000000|zoom=10}} |
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| map_caption = Location of Nishinomiya in |
| map_caption = Location of Nishinomiya in Hyōgo Prefecture |
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| image_map1 = Nishinomiya in Hyogo Prefecture Ja.svg |
| image_map1 = Nishinomiya in Hyogo Prefecture Ja.svg |
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| map_caption1 = |
| map_caption1 = |
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| subdivision_type3 = [[Districts of Japan|District]] |
| subdivision_type3 = [[Districts of Japan|District]] |
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| subdivision_name3 = |
| subdivision_name3 = |
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| established_title = |
| established_title = |
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| established_date = |
| established_date = |
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| established_title2 = |
| established_title2 = |
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| established_date2 = |
| established_date2 = |
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| leader_title = Mayor |
| leader_title = Mayor |
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| leader_name = Ishii Toshiro |
| leader_name = Ishii Toshiro |
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| unit_pref = Metric |
| unit_pref = Metric |
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| area_total_km2 = 99.96 |
| area_total_km2 = 99.96 |
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| population_total = |
| population_total = 484368 |
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| population_as_of = May 1, |
| population_as_of = May 1, 2021 |
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| population_density_km2 = |
| population_density_km2 = auto |
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| timezone1 = [[Japan Standard Time|JST]] |
| timezone1 = [[Japan Standard Time|JST]] |
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| utc_offset1 = +09:00 |
| utc_offset1 = +09:00 |
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| postal_code = |
| postal_code = |
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| blank_name_sec1 = City hall address |
| blank_name_sec1 = City hall address |
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| blank_info_sec1 = 10-3 Rokutanji-chō, Nishinomiya-shi, Hyōgo-ken |
| blank_info_sec1 = 10-3 Rokutanji-chō, Nishinomiya-shi, Hyōgo-ken 662-8567 |
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| website = {{ |
| website = {{Official|1=https://www.nishi.or.jp/smph/shisei/seisaku/tabunkakyosei/english/gaiyo-en.html}} |
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| module = {{Infobox place symbols| embedded=yes |
| module = {{Infobox place symbols| embedded=yes |
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| tree = [[Camphor Laurel]] |
| tree = [[Camphor Laurel]] |
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}} |
}} |
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}} |
}} |
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[[file:西宮市役所.jpg|thumb|right|270px|Nishinomiya City Hall]] |
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[[file:Nishinomiya city center area Aerial photograph.1985.jpg|thumb|right|270px|Aerial view of Nishinomiya city center]] |
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[[file:Hirota-jinja Nishinomiya04s.jpg|thumb|right|270px|Hirota Shrine]] |
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{{nihongo|'''Nishinomiya'''|西宮市|Nishinomiya-shi}} is a [[Cities of Japan|city]] located in [[Hyōgo Prefecture]], [[Japan]]. {{As of|2022|11|01}}, the city had an estimated [[population]] of 484,368 in 218,948 households and a [[population density]] of 4,800 persons per km².<ref name="Nishinomiya-hp">{{cite web |url=https://www.nishi.or.jp|title= Nishinomiya city official statistics|location= Japan|language= ja}}</ref> The total area of the city is {{convert|99.98|sqkm|sqmi}}. Nishinomiya is an important commercial and shipping city in the [[Kansai region]] with the third largest population in Hyōgo Prefecture. Nishinomiya is best known as the home of [[Koshien Stadium|Kōshien Stadium]], where the [[Hanshin Tigers]] [[baseball]] team plays home games and where Japan's annual [[High school baseball in Japan|high school baseball championship]] is held. |
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== Geography == |
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{{nihongo|'''Nishinomiya'''|西宮市|Nishinomiya-shi}} is a [[Cities of Japan|city]] located in [[Hyōgo Prefecture]], [[Japan]], between the cities of [[Amagasaki]] and [[Ashiya, Hyōgo|Ashiya]]. On April 1, 2005, the city of Nishinomiya celebrated its 80th anniversary. |
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Nishinomiya is located in southeast Hyōgo Prefecture between the cities of [[Kobe]] and [[Osaka]]. It is bordered by [[Osaka Bay]] to the south, the cities of [[Amagasaki]], [[Itami]] and [[Takarazuka, Hyōgo|Takarazuka]] along the Mukogawa and Nigawa rivers to the east and by the [[Mount Rokkō |Rokkō Mountains]] and Kobe to the north. The city can be divided into two areas: a mountainous area in the north and a coastal plain in the south. Situated in the middle is [[Mount Kabuto]] (309 meters), a landmark of the city. |
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===Neighboring municipalities=== |
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Nishinomiya is best known as the home of [[Koshien Stadium|Kōshien Stadium]], where the [[Hanshin Tigers]] [[baseball]] team plays home games and where Japan's annual [[High school baseball in Japan|high school baseball championship]] is held. It is also the location of [[Kwansei Gakuin University]], a private university founded by American missionaries in the nineteenth century. Nishinomiya is an important commercial and shipping city in the [[Kansai region]] with the third largest population in Hyōgo Prefecture. |
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Hyōgo Prefecture |
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*[[Kita-ku, Kobe]] |
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*[[Amagasaki, Hyōgo|Amagasaki]] |
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*[[Itami, Hyōgo|Itami]] |
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*[[Takarazuka, Hyōgo|Takarazuka]] |
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*[[Ashiya, Hyōgo|Ashiya]] |
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===Climate=== |
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As of October 1, 2011, the city has an estimated [[population]] of 483,598 and a [[population density]] of 4,800 persons per km<sup>2</sup>. The total area is 99.96 km<sup>2</sup>. |
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Nishinomiya has a [[Humid subtropical climate]] (Köppen ''Cfa'') characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light snowfall. The average annual temperature in Nishinomiya is 14.6 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1578 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.4 °C, and lowest in January, at around 3.3 °C.<ref>[https://en.climate-data.org/asia/japan/hyogo-prefecture/nishinomiya-5362/ Nishinomiya climate data]</ref> |
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== |
==Demographics== |
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Per Japanese census data,<ref>[https://www.citypopulation.de/php/japan-hyogo.php Nishinomiya population statistics]</ref> the population of Nishinomiya grew rapidly in the 1950s and 1960s, and has been increasing at a slower rate since. |
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Nishinomiya City is located in the south-east of Hyōgo Prefecture between the cities of Kobe and Osaka. It is bordered by Osaka Bay to the south, the cities of [[Amagasaki]], [[Itami]] and [[Takarazuka, Hyōgo|Takarazuka]] along the Mukogawa and Nigawa rivers to the east and by a part of the Rokko Mountains and Kobe City to the north. The city can be divided into two areas: a mountainous area in the north and a coastal plain in the south. Situated in the middle is [[Mount Kabuto]] (309 meters), a landmark of the city. |
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{{Historical populations |
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==Neighboring municipalities== |
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| 1920 | 60311 |
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*Hyōgo Prefecture |
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| 1930 | 98777 |
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**[[Kita-ku, Kobe]] |
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| 1940 | 169770 |
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**[[Amagasaki, Hyōgo|Amagasaki]] |
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| 1950 | 168319 |
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**[[Itami, Hyōgo|Itami]] |
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| 1960 | 262608 |
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**[[Takarazuka, Hyōgo|Takarazuka]] |
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| 1970 | 377043 |
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**[[Ashiya, Hyōgo|Ashiya]] |
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| 1980 | 410329 |
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| 1990 | 426909 |
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| 2000 | 438105 |
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| 2010 | 422790 |
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|align = none |
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| footnote = |
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}} |
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== History == |
== History == |
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The area of Nishinomiya was part of ancient [[Settsu Province]] and has been inhabited since ancient times, with the traces of [[Yayoi period]] settlements, many [[kofun]] [[burial mound]]s found within the city limits. From the [[Asuka period]], the [[Hirota Shrine]] was built, and the market town which developed around its west gate was the ancestor of "Nishinomiya". From the [[Muromachi period]], Nishinomiya was famed for its production of ''[[sake]]''. During the [[Edo Period]], the area was ''[[tenryō]]'' territory under the direct administration of the [[Tokugawa shogunate]]. The town of Nishinomiya was established on April 1, 1889 with the creation of the modern municipalities system. Nishinomiya was a center of the culture from the 1910s to 1940s in which has been dubbed "[[Hanshinkan Modernism]]". This included the opening of the [[Kōshien Stadium]] opened on April 1, 1924. Nishinomiya was elevated to city status on April 1, 1925. The city expanded with the annexation of the town of Imazu and villages of Shiba and Taishi in April 1933, the village of Koto in February 1941, the village of Kawaragi in May 1942, and the villages of Naruo, Yamaguchi and Shiose in April 1951. The January 17, 1995 [[Great Hanshin earthquake]] caused widespread damage in Nishinomiya. |
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*April 1, 1924: Opening of [[Kōshien Stadium]] |
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*April 1925: Nishinomiya Town became a municipal organization. |
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*April 1933: Nishinomiya merged with Imazu Town, Shiba Village and Taisha Village. |
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*February 1941: Nishinomiya merged with Koto Village. |
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*May 1942: Nishinomiya merged with Kawaragi Village. |
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*April 1951: Nishinomiya merged with Naruo Village, Yamaguchi Village and Shiose Village. |
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*January 17, 1995: [[Great Hanshin earthquake]] disaster. Nishinomiya City received widespread damage. |
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==Government== |
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[[File:Hanshin Koshien Stadium 2007-4.jpg|thumb|220px|Kōshien Stadium]] |
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Nishinomiya has a [[mayor-council]] form of government with a directly elected mayor and a [[unicameral]] city council of 41 members. Nishinomiya contributes seven members to the Hyōgo Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is divided between the Hyōgo 2nd district and Hyōgo 7th districts of the [[House of Representatives of Japan|lower house]] of the [[Diet of Japan]]. |
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== Economy == |
== Economy == |
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In terms of industry, food and beverages (especially ''sake'', which is a traditional industry) are a major portion of the local economy. The city is also located on a corner of the Hanshin industrial zone. |
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[[Furuno]], a global [[electronics|electronics company]], whose main products include [[marine electronics]] and [[medical equipment]], has its headquarters in the city.<ref>"[http://www.furuno.co.jp/en/corporate/about/outline.html Company Outline]." [[Furuno]]. Retrieved on 2015-03-26.</ref> |
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* [[Furuno]], a global [[electronics|electronics company]], whose main products include [[marine electronics]] and [[medical equipment]], has its headquarters in the city.<ref>"[http://www.furuno.co.jp/en/corporate/about/outline.html Company Outline]." [[Furuno]]. Retrieved on 2015-03-26.</ref> |
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=== Agriculture === |
=== Agriculture === |
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Since most of the farmland is in the urban district, Nishinomiya agriculture is in a difficult situation; it worsens every year. Efforts are being made to improve farming{{citation needed|date=December 2017}} to make it profitable by growing such marketable products as soft vegetables for the big markets of Osaka and Kobe. Other efforts include effective land use by growing crops in greenhouses using hydroponic techniques and development of techniques for safe products. |
Since most of the farmland is in the urban district, Nishinomiya agriculture is in a difficult situation; it worsens every year. Efforts are being made to improve farming{{citation needed|date=December 2017}} to make it profitable by growing such marketable products as soft vegetables for the big markets of Osaka and Kobe. Other efforts include effective land use by growing crops in greenhouses using hydroponic techniques and development of techniques for safe products. |
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===Residential districts === |
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Nishinomiya is situated between the major cities of Kobe and Osaka. Luxury neighborhoods are common in this city, especially in areas near Ashiya. Some of the shopping malls in Nishinomiya are the Lalaport Koshien and the Hankyu Nishinomiya Gardens. |
Nishinomiya is situated between the major cities of Kobe and Osaka. Luxury neighborhoods are common in this city, especially in areas near Ashiya. Some of the shopping malls in Nishinomiya are the Lalaport Koshien and the Hankyu Nishinomiya Gardens. |
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== Universities and colleges == |
==Education== |
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=== Universities and colleges === |
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*[[Konan University]] Nishinomiya Campus "Konan Cube" |
*[[Konan University]] Nishinomiya Campus "Konan Cube" |
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*[[Kwansei Gakuin University]] |
*[[Kwansei Gakuin University]], a private university founded by American missionaries in the nineteenth century. |
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*[[Otemae University]] |
*[[Otemae University]] |
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*[[Kobe College]] (Women's university) |
*[[Kobe College]] (Women's university) |
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*[[Seiwa College]] and Junior College |
*[[Seiwa College]] and Junior College |
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*Hyogo College Of Medicine |
*Hyogo College Of Medicine |
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*[[Mukogawa Women's University]] and Junior College |
*[[Mukogawa Women's University]] and [[Mukogawa Women's University Junior College Division|Junior College]] |
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*Shukugawa Gakuin Junior College |
*Shukugawa Gakuin Junior College |
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*Koshien Junior College |
*Koshien Junior College |
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===Primary and secondary schools=== |
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== High schools == |
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{{More citations needed section|date=March 2023}} |
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*[[Hōtoku Gakuen High School]], with a prominent baseball team |
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Nishinomiya has 40 public elementary schools and 19 public middle schools operated by the city government, and nine public high schools operated by the Hyōgo Prefectural Board of Education. These nine include [[Hōtoku Gakuen High School]], with a prominent baseball team, and Nishinomiya Kita High,<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.hyogo-c.ed.jp/~nishikita-hs/smph/ | title=兵庫県立西宮北高等学校 }}</ref> the setting for much of ''The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya''. There are also two private elementary schools, seven private middle schools and seven private high schools. In addition, the city also operates one, and the prefecture operates two, special education schools for the physically challenged. |
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*Nishinomiya Kita High<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.hyogo-c.ed.jp/~nishikita-hs/smph/ | title=兵庫県立西宮北高等学校 }}</ref> |
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== |
== Transportation == |
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=== Railways === |
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[[File:Hirota-jinja Nishinomiya04s.jpg|thumb|220px|Hirota Shrine]] |
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[[File:JR logo (west).svg|20px]] [[JR West]] - [[JR Kobe Line|Kobe Line]] |
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* {{STN|Kōshienguchi}} - {{STN|Nishinomiya|JR West}} - {{STN|Sakura Shukugawa}} |
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[[File:JR logo (west).svg|20px]] [[JR West]] - [[Fukuchiyama Line]] |
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* {{STN|Namaze}} - {{STN|Nishinomiyanajio}} - {{STN|Takedao}} |
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[[File:Hankyu Railway Logo.svg|25px]] [[Hankyu]] - [[Hankyu Kobe Main Line]] |
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* {{STN|Nishinomiya-Kitaguchi}} - {{STN| Shukugawa}} |
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[[File:Hankyu Railway Logo.svg|25px]] [[Hankyu]] - [[Hankyu Imazu Line]] |
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* {{STN|Kōtōen}} - {{STN|Mondo-Yakujin}} - {{STN|Nishinomiya-Kitaguchi}} - {{STN|Hanshin-Kokudō}} - {{STN|Imazu|Hyōgo}} |
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[[File:Hankyu Railway Logo.svg|25px]] [[Hankyu]] - [[Hankyu Kōyō Line]] |
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*{{STN|Shukugawa}} - {{STN|Kurakuenguchi}} - {{STN|Kōyōen}} |
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[[File:Hanshin-logo.svg|25px]] [[Hanshin Electric Railway]] - [[Hanshin Main Line]] |
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* {{STN|Naruo - Mukogawajoshidai-Mae}} - {{STN|Kōshien}} - {{STN|Kusugawa}} - {{STN|Imazu|Hyōgo}} - {{STN|Nishinomiya|Hanshin}} - {{STN|Kōroen}} |
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[[File:Hanshin-logo.svg|25px]] [[Hanshin Electric Railway]] - [[Hanshin Mukogawa Line]] |
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* {{STN|Mukogawa}} - {{STN|Higashi-Naruo}} - {{STN|Suzaki}} - {{STN|Mukogawadanchimae}} |
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=== Highways === |
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* [[File:JP Expressway E1.svg|25px|link=|alt=]] [[Meishin Expressway]] |
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* [[File:JP Expressway E2A.svg|25px|link=|alt=]] [[Chūgoku Expressway]] |
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* [[Kita-Kobe Route|Hanshin Expressway Route 7 Kita-kobe Line]] |
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*{{jct|country=JPN|Route|2}} |
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*{{jct|country=JPN|Route|43}} |
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*{{jct|country=JPN|Route|171}} |
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*{{jct|country=JPN|Route|176}} |
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== Sister and friendship cities == |
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*Sister cities |
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**{{flagdeco|United States}} [[Spokane, Washington|Spokane]] since September 1961 ([[Washington (state)|Washington, United States]]) |
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*Friendship cities |
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**{{flagdeco|Brazil}} [[Londrina]] since May 1977 ([[Paraná (state)|Paraná, Brazil]]) |
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**{{flagdeco|PRC}} [[Shaoxing]] since July 1985 ([[Zhejiang, China]]) |
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**{{flagdeco|France}} District of [[Lot-et-Garonne]] and [[Agen]] since April, 1992 ([[Nouvelle-Aquitaine|Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France]]) |
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**{{flagdeco|United States}} [[Burlington, Vermont|Burlington]] ([[Vermont, United States]]) |
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**{{flagdeco|Japan}} [[Amami, Kagoshima|Amami]] since October 1981 ([[Kagoshima Prefecture|Kagoshima, Japan]]) (formerly [[Naze, Kagoshima|Naze]]) |
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**{{flagdeco|Japan}} [[Yusuhara, Kōchi|Yusuhara]] since March 1991 ([[Kōchi Prefecture|Kōchi, Japan]]) |
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==Local attractions== |
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[[File:Hanshin Koshien Stadium 2007-4.jpg|thumb|220px|Kōshien Stadium]] |
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*[[Hirota Shrine]] - Hirota Shrine was called {{nihongo|''Nishi no miya''|"the West Shrine"}} by aristocrats in Kyoto. That is the origin of the city name.<ref>{{cite web | author = Hirota Shino Shirine | title = HIROTA SHINTO SHRINE | url = http://www.hirotahonsya.or.jp/english.html | access-date = 2011-01-17 }}</ref> |
*[[Hirota Shrine]] - Hirota Shrine was called {{nihongo|''Nishi no miya''|"the West Shrine"}} by aristocrats in Kyoto. That is the origin of the city name.<ref>{{cite web | author = Hirota Shino Shirine | title = HIROTA SHINTO SHRINE | url = http://www.hirotahonsya.or.jp/english.html | access-date = 2011-01-17 }}</ref> |
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*[[Hyogo Performing Arts Center]] |
*[[Hyogo Performing Arts Center]] |
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*[[Nishinomiya Shrine]] |
*[[Nishinomiya Shrine]] |
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*Mondo-yakujin (Tōkō-ji) |
*Mondo-yakujin (Tōkō-ji) |
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*Much of [[Grave of the Fireflies]] is set in Nishinomiya.<ref>{{cite web | author = Ryuusenkaku | title = Cherry Blossoms Spots in Nishinomiya / Ashiya | url = http://www.ryuusenkaku.jp/english/cherry02.html | access-date = 2011-01-17 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | author = Online Ghibli | title = Grave of the Fireflies: Review/Synopsis | url = http://www.onlineghibli.com/grave_of_fireflies/review.php | access-date = 2011-01-17 }}</ref> |
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*Nishinomiya is the setting for the popular light novel, manga, and anime series ''[[list of Haruhi Suzumiya episodes|The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya]]''.<ref>{{cite web | author = asahi.com | date = 2010-07-08 | title = Anime's high school fends off fan invasions. | url = http://www.asahi.com/english/TKY201007070409.html | access-date = 2011-01-17 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110127220917/http://www.asahi.com/english/TKY201007070409.html | archive-date = 2011-01-27 | url-status = live }}</ref> |
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== Points of interest == |
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* [[Kitayama Botanical Garden]] |
* [[Kitayama Botanical Garden]] |
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* [[Mount Kabuto]] |
* [[Mount Kabuto]] |
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* Arima Onsen（Neighboring city, but formerly [[Arima County]]. One bus ride from [[Nishinomiya-Kitaguchi Station|Nishinomiya Kitaguchi station]] and [[Shukugawa Station|Shukugawa station]] and [[Nishinomiya Station (Hanshin)|Hanshin Nishinomiya station]] and [[Nishinomiya Station (JR West)|JR Nishinomiya station]].） |
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==In popular culture== |
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== Sister and friendship cities == |
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*Much of ''[[Grave of the Fireflies]]'' is set in Nishinomiya.<ref>{{cite web | author = Ryuusenkaku | title = Cherry Blossoms Spots in Nishinomiya / Ashiya | url = http://www.ryuusenkaku.jp/english/cherry02.html | access-date = 2011-01-17 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | author = Online Ghibli | title = Grave of the Fireflies: Review/Synopsis | url = http://www.onlineghibli.com/grave_of_fireflies/review.php | access-date = 2011-01-17 }}</ref> |
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*Sister cities |
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*Nishinomiya is the setting for the popular light novel, manga, and anime series ''[[list of Haruhi Suzumiya episodes|The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya]]''.<ref>{{cite web | author = asahi.com | date = 2010-07-08 | title = Anime's high school fends off fan invasions. | url = http://www.asahi.com/english/TKY201007070409.html | access-date = 2011-01-17 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110127220917/http://www.asahi.com/english/TKY201007070409.html | archive-date = 2011-01-27 | url-status = live }}</ref> |
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**{{flagdeco|United States}} [[Spokane, Washington|Spokane]] since September 1961 (U.S., [[Washington (state)|Washington]]) |
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*Friendship cities |
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**{{flagdeco|Brazil}} [[Londrina]] since May 1977 (Brazil, [[Paraná (state)|Paraná]]) |
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**{{flagdeco|PRC}} [[Shaoxing]] since July 1985 (China, [[Zhejiang]]) |
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**{{flagdeco|France}} District of [[Lot-et-Garonne]] and [[Agen]] since April, 1992 (France, |
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**{{flagdeco|United States}} [[Burlington, Vermont|Burlington]] (U.S., [[Vermont]]) |
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**{{flagdeco|France}} [[Aquitaine]] |
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**{{flagdeco|Japan}} [[Amami, Kagoshima|Amami]] since October 1981 (Japan, [[Kagoshima Prefecture|Kagoshima]]) (formerly [[Naze, Kagoshima|Naze]]) |
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**{{flagdeco|Japan}} [[Yusuhara, Kōchi|Yusuhara]] since March 1991 (Japan, [[Kōchi Prefecture|Kōchi]]) |
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==Notable people== |
==Notable people from Nishinomiya== |
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*[[Mana Ashida]] – teen actress |
*[[Mana Ashida]] – teen actress |
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*[[Aimyon]] – singer-songwriter |
*[[Aimyon]] – singer-songwriter |
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*[[Ryusei Oonishi|Ryusei Onishi]] - [[Naniwa Danshi|Naniwa danshi]] |
|||
*[[Nagaru Tanigawa]] – author of the light novel series [[Haruhi Suzumiya]] |
*[[Nagaru Tanigawa]] – author of the light novel series [[Haruhi Suzumiya]] |
||
*[[Yuichiro Nagashima]] – [[Kickboxing|kickboxer]] |
*[[Yuichiro Nagashima]] – [[Kickboxing|kickboxer]] |
||
*[[Ryūsui Seiryōin]] – novelist |
*[[Ryūsui Seiryōin]] – novelist |
||
*[[Kaoru Betto]] - baseball player |
|||
*[[Hiro Matsushita]] – Businessman, former driver in [[Champ Car]] series. Chairman of [[Swift Engineering]] & [[Swift Xi]] |
*[[Hiro Matsushita]] – Businessman, former driver in [[Champ Car]] series. Chairman of [[Swift Engineering]] & [[Swift Xi]] |
||
*[[Hōsei Yamasaki]] – comedian |
*[[Hōsei Yamasaki]] – comedian |
||
| Line 146: | Line 205: | ||
*[[Kaoru (musician)|Kaoru]] – lead guitarist of [[Dir En Grey]] |
*[[Kaoru (musician)|Kaoru]] – lead guitarist of [[Dir En Grey]] |
||
*[[Yuya Matsushita]] – singer and actor |
*[[Yuya Matsushita]] – singer and actor |
||
*[[Mina (Japanese singer)|Mina]] – |
*[[Mina (Japanese singer)|Mina]] – singer based in [[South Korea]], member of the popular K-pop girlgroup [[TWICE]] |
||
*[[Akira Tozawa]] – professional wrestler |
*[[Akira Tozawa]] – professional wrestler |
||
*[[Rika Kihira]] – figure skater |
*[[Rika Kihira]] – figure skater |
||
*[[Daisuke Inoue]] - inventor of the [[karaoke machine]] |
*[[Daisuke Inoue]] - inventor of the [[karaoke machine]] |
||
*[[Daisuke Shima]] - Actor and singer |
|||
*[[Shizuka Miyaji]] - female cricketer |
|||
==Gallery== |
==Gallery== |
||
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* [http://www.nishi.or.jp Nishinomiya City official website] {{in lang|ja}} |
* [http://www.nishi.or.jp Nishinomiya City official website] {{in lang|ja}} |
||
* [http://www1.gcenter-hyogo.jp/sysfile/center_e/e_top.html Hyogo Performing Arts Center] |
* [http://www1.gcenter-hyogo.jp/sysfile/center_e/e_top.html Hyogo Performing Arts Center] |
||
{{Hyogo}} |
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{{Metropolitan cities of Japan}} |
{{Metropolitan cities of Japan}} |
||
{{Most populous cities in Japan}} |
{{Most populous cities in Japan}} |
||
{{Hyogo}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
{{Authority control}} |
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Latest revision as of 16:47, 22 March 2024
Nishinomiya
西宮市 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||
 Flag  Chapter | |||||||
 Location of Nishinomiya in Hyōgo Prefecture | |||||||
 | |||||||
  Nishinomiya Location in Japan | |||||||
| Coordinates: 34°44′15.35″N 135°20′29.63″E / 34.7375972°N 135.3415639°E | |||||||
| Country | Japan | ||||||
| Region | Kansai | ||||||
| Prefecture | Hyōgo | ||||||
| Government | |||||||
| • Mayor | Ishii Toshiro | ||||||
| Area | |||||||
| • Total | 99.96 km2 (38.59 sq mi) | ||||||
| Population (May 1, 2021) | |||||||
| • Total | 484,368 | ||||||
| • Density | 4,800/km2 (13,000/sq mi) | ||||||
| Time zone | UTC+09:00 (JST) | ||||||
| City hall address | 10-3 Rokutanji-chō, Nishinomiya-shi, Hyōgo-ken 662-8567 | ||||||
| Website | Official website | ||||||
| Symbols | |||||||
| Flower | Sakura | ||||||
| Tree | Camphor Laurel | ||||||
Nishinomiya (西宮市, Nishinomiya-shi) is a city located in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 November 2022[update], the city had an estimated population of 484,368 in 218,948 households and a population density of 4,800 persons per km².[1] The total area of the city is 99.98 square kilometres (38.60 sq mi). Nishinomiya is an important commercial and shipping city in the Kansai region with the third largest population in Hyōgo Prefecture. Nishinomiya is best known as the home of Kōshien Stadium, where the Hanshin Tigers baseball team plays home games and where Japan's annual high school baseball championship is held.
Geography[edit]
Nishinomiya is located in southeast Hyōgo Prefecture between the cities of Kobe and Osaka. It is bordered by Osaka Bay to the south, the cities of Amagasaki, Itami and Takarazuka along the Mukogawa and Nigawa rivers to the east and by the Rokkō Mountains and Kobe to the north. The city can be divided into two areas: a mountainous area in the north and a coastal plain in the south. Situated in the middle is Mount Kabuto (309 meters), a landmark of the city.
Neighboring municipalities[edit]
Hyōgo Prefecture
Climate[edit]
Nishinomiya has a Humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light snowfall. The average annual temperature in Nishinomiya is 14.6 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1578 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.4 °C, and lowest in January, at around 3.3 °C.[2]
Demographics[edit]
Per Japanese census data,[3] the population of Nishinomiya grew rapidly in the 1950s and 1960s, and has been increasing at a slower rate since.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1920 | 60,311 | — |
| 1930 | 98,777 | +63.8% |
| 1940 | 169,770 | +71.9% |
| 1950 | 168,319 | −0.9% |
| 1960 | 262,608 | +56.0% |
| 1970 | 377,043 | +43.6% |
| 1980 | 410,329 | +8.8% |
| 1990 | 426,909 | +4.0% |
| 2000 | 438,105 | +2.6% |
| 2010 | 422,790 | −3.5% |
History[edit]
The area of Nishinomiya was part of ancient Settsu Province and has been inhabited since ancient times, with the traces of Yayoi period settlements, many kofun burial mounds found within the city limits. From the Asuka period, the Hirota Shrine was built, and the market town which developed around its west gate was the ancestor of "Nishinomiya". From the Muromachi period, Nishinomiya was famed for its production of sake. During the Edo Period, the area was tenryō territory under the direct administration of the Tokugawa shogunate. The town of Nishinomiya was established on April 1, 1889 with the creation of the modern municipalities system. Nishinomiya was a center of the culture from the 1910s to 1940s in which has been dubbed "Hanshinkan Modernism". This included the opening of the Kōshien Stadium opened on April 1, 1924. Nishinomiya was elevated to city status on April 1, 1925. The city expanded with the annexation of the town of Imazu and villages of Shiba and Taishi in April 1933, the village of Koto in February 1941, the village of Kawaragi in May 1942, and the villages of Naruo, Yamaguchi and Shiose in April 1951. The January 17, 1995 Great Hanshin earthquake caused widespread damage in Nishinomiya.
Government[edit]
Nishinomiya has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 41 members. Nishinomiya contributes seven members to the Hyōgo Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is divided between the Hyōgo 2nd district and Hyōgo 7th districts of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.
Economy[edit]
In terms of industry, food and beverages (especially sake, which is a traditional industry) are a major portion of the local economy. The city is also located on a corner of the Hanshin industrial zone.
- Furuno, a global electronics company, whose main products include marine electronics and medical equipment, has its headquarters in the city.[4]
Agriculture[edit]
Since most of the farmland is in the urban district, Nishinomiya agriculture is in a difficult situation; it worsens every year. Efforts are being made to improve farming[citation needed] to make it profitable by growing such marketable products as soft vegetables for the big markets of Osaka and Kobe. Other efforts include effective land use by growing crops in greenhouses using hydroponic techniques and development of techniques for safe products.
Residential districts[edit]
Nishinomiya is situated between the major cities of Kobe and Osaka. Luxury neighborhoods are common in this city, especially in areas near Ashiya. Some of the shopping malls in Nishinomiya are the Lalaport Koshien and the Hankyu Nishinomiya Gardens.
Education[edit]
Universities and colleges[edit]
- Konan University Nishinomiya Campus "Konan Cube"
- Kwansei Gakuin University, a private university founded by American missionaries in the nineteenth century.
- Otemae University
- Kobe College (Women's university)
- Seiwa College and Junior College
- Hyogo College Of Medicine
- Mukogawa Women's University and Junior College
- Shukugawa Gakuin Junior College
- Koshien Junior College
Primary and secondary schools[edit]
 | This section needs additional citations for verification. (March 2023) |
Nishinomiya has 40 public elementary schools and 19 public middle schools operated by the city government, and nine public high schools operated by the Hyōgo Prefectural Board of Education. These nine include Hōtoku Gakuen High School, with a prominent baseball team, and Nishinomiya Kita High,[5] the setting for much of The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya. There are also two private elementary schools, seven private middle schools and seven private high schools. In addition, the city also operates one, and the prefecture operates two, special education schools for the physically challenged.
Transportation[edit]
Railways[edit]
.svg){kind=logo}
Hankyu - Hankyu Kobe Main Line
Hanshin Electric Railway - Hanshin Main Line
Hanshin Electric Railway - Hanshin Mukogawa Line
Highways[edit]
Meishin Expressway
Chūgoku Expressway- Hanshin Expressway Route 7 Kita-kobe Line
National Route 2
National Route 43
National Route 171
National Route 176
Sister and friendship cities[edit]
- Sister cities
Spokane since September 1961 (Washington, United States)
- Friendship cities
Londrina since May 1977 (Paraná, Brazil)
Shaoxing since July 1985 (Zhejiang, China)
District of Lot-et-Garonne and Agen since April, 1992 (Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)- Burlington (Vermont, United States)
Amami since October 1981 (Kagoshima, Japan) (formerly Naze)- Yusuhara since March 1991 (Kōchi, Japan)
Local attractions[edit]
- Hirota Shrine - Hirota Shrine was called Nishi no miya ("the West Shrine") by aristocrats in Kyoto. That is the origin of the city name.[6]
- Hyogo Performing Arts Center
- Kannō-ji
- Koshikiiwa Shrine
- Nishinomiya Shrine
- Mondo-yakujin (Tōkō-ji)
- Kitayama Botanical Garden
- Mount Kabuto
- Arima Onsen（Neighboring city, but formerly Arima County. One bus ride from Nishinomiya Kitaguchi station and Shukugawa station and Hanshin Nishinomiya station and JR Nishinomiya station.）
In popular culture[edit]
- Much of Grave of the Fireflies is set in Nishinomiya.[7][8]
- Nishinomiya is the setting for the popular light novel, manga, and anime series The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya.[9]
Notable people from Nishinomiya[edit]
- Mana Ashida – teen actress
- Aimyon – singer-songwriter
- Ryusei Onishi - Naniwa danshi
- Nagaru Tanigawa – author of the light novel series Haruhi Suzumiya
- Yuichiro Nagashima – kickboxer
- Ryūsui Seiryōin – novelist
- Kaoru Betto - baseball player
- Hiro Matsushita – Businessman, former driver in Champ Car series. Chairman of Swift Engineering & Swift Xi
- Hōsei Yamasaki – comedian
- Eizo Sakamoto – heavy metal musician
- Kaoru – lead guitarist of Dir En Grey
- Yuya Matsushita – singer and actor
- Mina – singer based in South Korea, member of the popular K-pop girlgroup TWICE
- Akira Tozawa – professional wrestler
- Rika Kihira – figure skater
- Daisuke Inoue - inventor of the karaoke machine
- Daisuke Shima - Actor and singer
- Shizuka Miyaji - female cricketer
Gallery[edit]
-
Nishinomiya cityscape
References[edit]
- ^ "Nishinomiya city official statistics" (in Japanese). Japan.
- ^ Nishinomiya climate data
- ^ Nishinomiya population statistics
- ^ "Company Outline." Furuno. Retrieved on 2015-03-26.
- ^ "兵庫県立西宮北高等学校".
- ^ Hirota Shino Shirine. "HIROTA SHINTO SHRINE". Retrieved 2011-01-17.
- ^ Ryuusenkaku. "Cherry Blossoms Spots in Nishinomiya / Ashiya". Retrieved 2011-01-17.
- ^ Online Ghibli. "Grave of the Fireflies: Review/Synopsis". Retrieved 2011-01-17.
- ^ asahi.com (2010-07-08). "Anime's high school fends off fan invasions". Archived from the original on 2011-01-27. Retrieved 2011-01-17.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nishinomiya.
Nishinomiya travel guide from Wikivoyage
Geographic data related to Nishinomiya at OpenStreetMap- Nishinomiya City official website (in Japanese)
- Hyogo Performing Arts Center
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