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{{Short description|Species of seaweed}}
{{Taxobox
{{Speciesbox
| image = Dasima 2.jpg
| image = Dasima 2.jpg
| image_caption =
| image_caption =
⚫
| genus = Saccharina
| unranked_regnum = [[SAR supergroup|SAR]]
⚫
| species = japonica
| superphylum = [[Heterokonta]]
⚫
| authority = ([[Johan Erhard Areschoug|J.E. Areschoug]]) C.E. Lane, C. Mayes, Druehl & G.W. Saunders
| classis = [[Brown algae|Phaeophyceae]]
| ordo = [[Laminariales]]
| familia = [[Laminariaceae]]
⚫
| genus = ''[[Saccharina]]''
⚫
| species = '''''S. japonica'''''
| binomial = ''Saccharina japonica''
⚫
| binomial_authority = ([[Johan Erhard Areschoug|J.E. Areschoug]]) C.E. Lane, C. Mayes, Druehl & G.W. Saunders
| synonyms =
| synonyms =
''Laminaria japonica'' <small>J.E. Areschoug</small><br/>
''Laminaria japonica'' <small>J.E. Areschoug</small><br/>
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}}
}}


'''''Saccharina japonica''''' is a [[marine (ocean)|marine]] [[species]] of the [[Phaeophyceae]] (brown algae) plant , a type of [[kelp]] or [[seaweed]], that is extensively cultivated on ropes between the seas of [[Japan]] and [[Korea]].<ref name="NUI">{{cite web|url=http://www.seaweed.ie/algae/laminaria.php|title=Kelps: ''Laminaria'' and ''Saccharina''|publisher=www.seaweed.ie|author=M. D. Guiry}}</ref> It is widely eaten in [[East Asia]].<ref name="Abbott">{{cite book|title=Algae and human affairs|last=Abbott|first=Isabella A|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]], [[Phycological Society of America]]|year=1989|isbn=978-0-521-32115-0|page=141|chapter=Food and food products from seaweeds|authorlink=Isabella Abbott|editor1-last=Lembi|editor1-first=Carole A.|editor2-last=Waaland|editor2-first=J. Robert}}</ref> A commercially important species, ''S. japonica'' is also called '''''ma-konbu''''' ({{lang|ja|真昆布}}) in Japanese, '''''dasima''''' ({{lang|ko|다시마}}) in Korean and '''''hǎidài''''' ({{lang|zh|海带}}) in Chinese.<ref name="Abbott" /> Large harvests are produced by rope cultivation, a simple method of growing seaweeds by attaching them to floating ropes in the ocean.<ref name="NUI" /><ref>''Laminaria'' seafarming in China [[FAO]][http://www.fao.org/docrep/field/003/AB724E/AB724E00.htm]</ref>
'''''Saccharina japonica''''' is a [[marine (ocean)|marine]] [[species]] of the [[Phaeophyceae]] (brown algae) class, a type of [[kelp]] or [[seaweed]], which is extensively cultivated on ropes between the seas of [[China]], [[Japan]] and [[Korea]].<ref name="NUI">{{cite web|url=http://www.seaweed.ie/algae/laminaria.php|title=Kelps: ''Laminaria'' and ''Saccharina''|publisher=www.seaweed.ie|author=M. D. Guiry|authorlink=Michael D. Guiry}}</ref> It has the common name '''sweet kelp'''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/88149#:~:text=Saccharina%20japonica%20(Sweet%20kelp)%20%7C%20Taxonomy%20%7C%20UniProt |title=Taxonomy - Saccharina japonica (species) |date=2022-12-15 |publisher=Uniprot}}</ref> It is widely eaten in [[East Asia]].<ref name="Abbott">{{cite book|title=Algae and human affairs|last=Abbott|first=Isabella A|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]], [[Phycological Society of America]]|year=1989|isbn=978-0-521-32115-0|page=141|chapter=Food and food products from seaweeds|authorlink=Isabella Abbott|editor1-last=Lembi|editor1-first=Carole A.|editor2-last=Waaland|editor2-first=J. Robert}}</ref> A commercially important species, ''S. japonica'' is also called '''''ma-konbu''''' ({{lang|ja|真昆布}}) in Japanese, '''''dasima''''' ({{lang|ko|다시마}}) in Korean and '''''hǎidài''''' ({{lang|zh|海带}}) in Chinese.<ref name="Abbott" /> Large harvests are produced by rope cultivation which is a simple method of growing seaweeds by attaching them to floating ropes in the ocean.<ref name="NUI" /><ref>''Laminaria'' seafarming in China [[FAO]][http://www.fao.org/docrep/field/003/AB724E/AB724E00.htm]</ref>


The species has been cultivated in China, Japan, Russia, France and Korea.<ref name="AlgaeBase">{{AlgaeBase species|name=''Saccharina japonica''|id=129141}}</ref> It is one of the two most consumed [[species]] of kelp in China and Japan.<ref name="NUI" /> The harvest is also used for the production of [[alginate]]s, with China producing up to ten thousand tons of the product each year.<ref name="Alginates">{{cite web |url=http://www.seaweed.ie/uses_general/alginates.html |title=Alginates|author=M. D. Guiry |publisher=www.seaweed.ie}}</ref>
The species has been cultivated in China, Japan, Korea, Russia and France.<ref name="AlgaeBase">{{AlgaeBase species|name=Saccharina japonica|id=129141}}</ref> It is one of the two most consumed [[species]] of kelp in China and Japan.<ref name="NUI" /> ''Saccharina japonica'' is also used for the production of [[alginate]]s, with China producing up to ten thousand tons of the product each year.<ref name="Alginates">{{cite web |url=http://www.seaweed.ie/uses_general/alginates.html |title=Alginates|author=M. D. Guiry |publisher=www.seaweed.ie}}</ref>


Consuming excessive ''S. japonica'' suppresses [[thyroid]] function.<ref>{{Cite journal|title = Suppression of thyroid function during ingestion of seaweed "Kombu" (Laminaria japonoca) in normal Japanese adults|journal = Endocrine Journal|date = 2008-12-01|issn = 1348-4540|pmid = 18689954|pages = 1103–1108|volume = 55|issue = 6|first = Kiyoshi|last = Miyai|first2 = Tomoyasu|last2 = Tokushige|first3 = Masahiko|last3 = Kondo|doi=10.1507/endocrj.k08e-125}}</ref>
''S. japonica'' contains very high amounts of [[Iodine in biology|iodine]]. Excessive consumption (15&nbsp;g/day, containing 35&nbsp;mg iodine) suppresses [[thyroid]] function, though thyroid hormone levels remain within normal limits.<ref>{{Cite journal|title = Suppression of thyroid function during ingestion of seaweed "Kombu" (''Laminaria japonica'') in normal Japanese adults|journal = Endocrine Journal|date = 2008-12-01|issn = 1348-4540|pmid = 18689954|pages = 1103–1108|volume = 55|issue = 6|first1 = Kiyoshi|last1 = Miyai|first2 = Tomoyasu|last2 = Tokushige|first3 = Masahiko|last3 = Kondo|doi=10.1507/endocrj.k08e-125|doi-access = free}}</ref>


== Nomenclature ==
The species was transferred to ''[[Saccharina]]'' in 2006.<ref>Lane, C.E., Mayes, C., Druehl, L.D. & Saunders, G.W. (2006). A multi-gene molecular investigation of the kelp (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae) supports substantial taxonomic re-organization. ''Journal of Phycology'' 42: 493-512.</ref> Three synonyms for this species name are ''Laminaria japonica'' (J. E. Areschoug 1851), its variety ''Laminaria japonica'' var. ''ochotensis'' (Miyabe Okamura 1936) and ''Laminaria ochotensis'' (Miyabe 1902).<ref name="AlgaeBase" />
The species was transferred to ''[[Saccharina]]'' in 2006.<ref>Lane, C.E., Mayes, C., Druehl, L.D. & Saunders, G.W. (2006). A multi-gene molecular investigation of the kelp (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae) supports substantial taxonomic re-organization. ''Journal of Phycology'' 42: 493-512.</ref> Three synonyms for this species name are ''Laminaria japonica'' (J. E. Areschoug 1851), its variety ''Laminaria japonica'' var. ''ochotensis'' (Miyabe & Okamura 1936) and ''Laminaria ochotensis'' (Miyabe 1902).<ref name="AlgaeBase" />


== Cultivation ==
With the development of cultivation technology, over 90% of Japanese kombu is cultivated, mostly in [[Hokkaidō]], but as far as south of the [[Seto Inland Sea]].
Over 90% of Japanese [[kombu]] is cultivated in [[Hokkaidō]]. With the development of cultivation technology, production can also be found as far as south of the [[Seto Inland Sea]].


== Culinary use ==
== Culinary use ==
{{see also|Kombu}}
=== China ===
[[File:Sliced kelp at Lady Chai, Ganjiakou (20211022125400).jpg|thumb|Cold sliced kelp at a restaurant in Beijing, China]]
In Chinese cuisine, sliced kelp is a common [[hors d'oeuvre]] which is often consumed with alcohol.


=== Korea ===
=== Korea ===
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''[[Cheonsa-chae]]'' (kelp noodles) is made from the [[alginic acid]] from ''dasima''.
''[[Cheonsa-chae]]'' (kelp noodles) is made from the [[alginic acid]] from ''dasima''.

One of [[Nongshim]]'s [[instant noodle]], the Korean original versions of ''[[Neoguri (instant noodle)|Neoguri]]'', contains one (or rarely more) [[Kombu|big piece of dasima]] in every package. ''Odongtong Myon'', [[Ottogi]]'s copy of ''Neoguri'', also has big piece of dasima in every package - Ottogi uses 2 dasimas since 2020.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://biz.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2020/07/09/2020070901150.html |title=백종원·함영준 효과… 다시마 2장 '오뚜기 오동통면' 정식 출시 |date=2020-07-09 |publisher=[[The Chosun Ilbo]]}}</ref>


<gallery>
<gallery>
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Dried dasima.jpg|Dried ''dasima'' for [[broth]]
Dried dasima.jpg|Dried ''dasima'' for [[broth]]
Dasima-bugak.jpg|''Dasima-[[bugak]]'' (deep-fried kelp snack)
Dasima-bugak.jpg|''Dasima-[[bugak]]'' (deep-fried kelp snack)
Cheonsachae.jpg|''[[Cheonsa-chae]]'' (kelp noodles)
</gallery>
</gallery>


==See also==
==See also==
⚫
* [[Kombu]]
⚫
* [[Kelp tea]]
* [[Edible seaweed]]
* [[Edible seaweed]]
⚫
* [[Kelp]]
⚫
* [[Kelp tea]]
* [[Seafood allergy]]
* [[Seafood allergy]]
* [[Vitamin B12]]
* [[Vitamin B12]]
* [[Kelp]]
* [[Laverbread]]
* [[Laver (seaweed)|Laver]]


== References ==
== References ==
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* Davidson, Alan. Oxford Companion to Food (1999), "Kombu", p.&nbsp;435. {{ISBN|0-19-211579-0}}
* Davidson, Alan. Oxford Companion to Food (1999), "Kombu", p.&nbsp;435. {{ISBN|0-19-211579-0}}
*[http://www.fao.org/docrep/field/003/AB724E/AB724E00.htm Culture of Kelp (Laminaria japonica) in China]
*[http://www.fao.org/docrep/field/003/AB724E/AB724E00.htm Culture of Kelp (Laminaria japonica) in China]
* {{cite book |title = A dictionary of Japanese food: ingredients & culture |first = Richard |last = Hosking |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=NN-U5BJJhUMC&pg=PA207&dq=kombu#v=onepage&q=kombu&f=false |year = 1996 |publisher = Tuttle Publishing |isbn = 978-0-8048-2042-4 |pages = 206–208 }}
* {{cite book |title = A dictionary of Japanese food: ingredients & culture |first = Richard |last = Hosking |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=NN-U5BJJhUMC&dq=kombu&pg=PA207 |year = 1996 |publisher = Tuttle Publishing |isbn = 978-0-8048-2042-4 |pages = 206–208 }}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category|Kombu}}
{{Commons category|Saccharina japonica}}
* [http://www.kurakonusa.com/kombu/encyclopedia/index.html Kombu seaweed encyclopedia]
* [http://www.kurakonusa.com/kombu/encyclopedia/index.html Kombu seaweed encyclopedia]


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[[Category:Algae of Korea]]
[[Category:Algae of Korea]]
⚫
[[Category:Flora of Eastern Asia]]
⚫
[[Category:Flora of China]]
[[Category:Laminariaceae]]
[[Category:Laminariaceae]]
⚫
[[Category:Flora of the Pacific]]
⚫
[[Category:Flora of Japan]]
[[Category:Marine biota of Asia]]
[[Category:Marine biota of Asia]]
[[Category:Sea vegetables]]
[[Category:Edible seaweeds]]
[[Category:Japanese condiments]]
[[Category:Japanese condiments]]
[[Category:Chinese condiments]]
[[Category:Korean condiments]]
[[Category:Japanese cuisine terms]]
[[Category:Japanese cuisine terms]]
[[Category:Umami enhancers]]
[[Category:Umami enhancers]]

Latest revision as of 08:41, 28 February 2024

Saccharina japonica
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Clade: Diaphoretickes
Clade: SAR
Clade: Stramenopiles
Phylum: Gyrista
Subphylum: Ochrophytina
Class: Phaeophyceae
Order: Laminariales
Family: Laminariaceae
Genus: Saccharina
Species:
S. japonica
Binomial name
Saccharina japonica
(J.E. Areschoug) C.E. Lane, C. Mayes, Druehl & G.W. Saunders
Synonyms

Laminaria japonica J.E. Areschoug
Laminaria ochotensis Miyabe

Saccharina japonica is a marine species of the Phaeophyceae (brown algae) class, a type of kelp or seaweed, which is extensively cultivated on ropes between the seas of China, Japan and Korea.[1] It has the common name sweet kelp.[2] It is widely eaten in East Asia.[3] A commercially important species, S. japonica is also called ma-konbu (真昆布) in Japanese, dasima (다시마) in Korean and hǎidài (海带) in Chinese.[3] Large harvests are produced by rope cultivation which is a simple method of growing seaweeds by attaching them to floating ropes in the ocean.[1][4]

The species has been cultivated in China, Japan, Korea, Russia and France.[5] It is one of the two most consumed species of kelp in China and Japan.[1] Saccharina japonica is also used for the production of alginates, with China producing up to ten thousand tons of the product each year.[6]

S. japonica contains very high amounts of iodine. Excessive consumption (15 g/day, containing 35 mg iodine) suppresses thyroid function, though thyroid hormone levels remain within normal limits.[7]

Nomenclature[edit]

The species was transferred to Saccharina in 2006.[8] Three synonyms for this species name are Laminaria japonica (J. E. Areschoug 1851), its variety Laminaria japonica var. ochotensis (Miyabe & Okamura 1936) and Laminaria ochotensis (Miyabe 1902).[5]

Cultivation[edit]

Over 90% of Japanese kombu is cultivated in Hokkaidō. With the development of cultivation technology, production can also be found as far as south of the Seto Inland Sea.

Culinary use[edit]

See also: Kombu

China[edit]

Cold sliced kelp at a restaurant in Beijing, China

In Chinese cuisine, sliced kelp is a common hors d'oeuvre which is often consumed with alcohol.

Korea[edit]

In Korean cuisine, dasima is used to make broth, deep-fried into bugak or twigak (coated and uncoated fries), pickled in soy sauce as jangajji, and eaten raw as a sea vegetable for ssam (wraps).

It is also used to make dasima-cha (kelp tea).

Cheonsa-chae (kelp noodles) is made from the alginic acid from dasima.

One of Nongshim's instant noodle, the Korean original versions of Neoguri, contains one (or rarely more) big piece of dasima in every package. Odongtong Myon, Ottogi's copy of Neoguri, also has big piece of dasima in every package - Ottogi uses 2 dasimas since 2020.[9]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

Citations[edit]

  1. ^ a b c M. D. Guiry. "Kelps: Laminaria and Saccharina". www.seaweed.ie.
  2. ^ "Taxonomy - Saccharina japonica (species)". Uniprot. 2022-12-15.
  3. ^ a b Abbott, Isabella A (1989). "Food and food products from seaweeds". In Lembi, Carole A.; Waaland, J. Robert (eds.). Algae and human affairs. Cambridge University Press, Phycological Society of America. p. 141. ISBN 978-0-521-32115-0.
  4. ^ Laminaria seafarming in China FAO[1]
  5. ^ a b Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. "Saccharina japonica". AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.
  6. ^ M. D. Guiry. "Alginates". www.seaweed.ie.
  7. ^ Miyai, Kiyoshi; Tokushige, Tomoyasu; Kondo, Masahiko (2008-12-01). "Suppression of thyroid function during ingestion of seaweed "Kombu" (Laminaria japonica) in normal Japanese adults". Endocrine Journal. 55 (6): 1103–1108. doi:10.1507/endocrj.k08e-125. ISSN 1348-4540. PMID 18689954.
  8. ^ Lane, C.E., Mayes, C., Druehl, L.D. & Saunders, G.W. (2006). A multi-gene molecular investigation of the kelp (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae) supports substantial taxonomic re-organization. Journal of Phycology 42: 493-512.
  9. ^ "백종원·함영준 효과… 다시마 2장 '오뚜기 오동통면' 정식 출시". The Chosun Ilbo. 2020-07-09.

Sources[edit]

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Saccharina japonica.
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