Kashiwa: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox settlement |
{{Infobox settlement |
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<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions --> |
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions --> |
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| name = |
| name = Kashiwa |
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| native_name = |
| native_name = {{nobold|{{lang|ja|柏市}}}} |
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| official_name = |
| official_name = |
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| settlement_type = [[Core cities of Japan|Core city]] |
| settlement_type = [[Core cities of Japan|Core city]] |
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<!-- images, nickname, motto --> |
<!-- images, nickname, motto --> |
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| image_skyline = Kashiwa.jpg |
| image_skyline = Kashiwa montage.jpg |
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| imagesize = |
| imagesize = |
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| image_alt = |
| image_alt = |
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| image_caption = |
| image_caption = {{crlf2}} |
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{{(!}} style="width:280px; margin:2px auto; border-collapse:collapse" |
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{{!-}} |
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{{!}} style="width:100%" colspan="2"{{!}}Park City Kashiwanoha Campus |
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{{!-}} |
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{{!}}style="width:50%"{{!}}[[Kashiwa Station]]{{!!}} style="width:50%; vertical-align:middle"{{!}}Kashiwa No.2 Shopping Arcade |
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{{!-}} |
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{{!}} style="width:50%"{{!}}[[Sankyo Frontier Kashiwa Stadium|Kashiwa Stadium]]{{!!}} style="width:50%; vertical-align:middle"{{!}}LaLaport [[Kashiwanoha]] |
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{{!-}} |
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{{!}} style="width:50%; vertical-align:middle"{{!}}Akebonoyama Park{{!!}} style="width:50%; vertical-align:middle"{{!}}[[Kashiwanoha-campus Station]] |
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{{!)}} |
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| image_flag = Flag of Kashiwa, Chiba.svg |
| image_flag = Flag of Kashiwa, Chiba.svg |
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| flag_alt = |
| flag_alt = |
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| image_map = Kashiwa in Chiba Prefecture Ja.svg |
| image_map = Kashiwa in Chiba Prefecture Ja.svg |
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| map_alt = |
| map_alt = |
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| map_caption = Location of Kashiwa in |
| map_caption = Location of Kashiwa in Chiba Prefecture |
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| pushpin_map = Japan |
| pushpin_map = Japan#Japan Kanto#Japan Chiba Prefecture |
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| pushpin_label_position = <!-- position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none --> |
| pushpin_label_position = <!-- position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none --> |
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| pushpin_map_alt = |
| pushpin_map_alt = |
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| pushpin_map_caption = |
| pushpin_map_caption = Location of Kashiwa in Japan##Location of Kashiwa in Kantō Regiom##Location of Kashiwa in Chiba Prefecture |
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| coordinates = {{coord|35|52|3.3|N|139|58|32.7|E|region:JP-12|display=it}} |
| coordinates = {{coord|35|52|3.3|N|139|58|32.7|E|region:JP-12|display=it}} |
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| coor_pinpoint = <!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) --> |
| coor_pinpoint = <!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) --> |
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| subdivision_name1 = [[Kantō region|Kantō]] |
| subdivision_name1 = [[Kantō region|Kantō]] |
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| subdivision_type2 = [[Prefectures of Japan|Prefecture]] |
| subdivision_type2 = [[Prefectures of Japan|Prefecture]] |
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| subdivision_name2 = [[Chiba Prefecture]] |
| subdivision_name2 = [[Chiba Prefecture|Chiba]] |
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| subdivision_type3 = |
| subdivision_type3 = |
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| subdivision_name3 = |
| subdivision_name3 = |
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| leader_party = |
| leader_party = |
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| leader_title = Mayor |
| leader_title = Mayor |
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| leader_name = |
| leader_name = [[Kazumi Ota]] (since November 2021) |
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| leader_title1 = |
| leader_title1 = |
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| leader_name1 = |
| leader_name1 = |
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<!-- population --> |
<!-- population --> |
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| population_footnotes = <!-- for references: use tags --> |
| population_footnotes = <!-- for references: use tags --> |
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| population_total = |
| population_total = 433436 |
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| population_as_of = |
| population_as_of = 2021 |
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| population_density_km2 = |
| population_density_km2 = auto |
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| population_est = |
| population_est = |
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| pop_est_as_of = |
| pop_est_as_of = |
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<!-- blank fields (section 2) --> |
<!-- blank fields (section 2) --> |
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| blank_name_sec2 = Phone number |
| blank_name_sec2 = Phone number |
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| blank_info_sec2 = 04-7167-1111 |
| blank_info_sec2 = 04-7167-1111 |
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| blank1_name_sec2 = Address |
| blank1_name_sec2 = Address |
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| blank1_info_sec2 = 5-10-1 Kashiwa, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba-ken 270-8505 |
| blank1_info_sec2 = 5-10-1 Kashiwa, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba-ken 270-8505 |
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| website = |
| website = {{Official website|1=http://www.city.kashiwa.lg.jp}} |
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| footnotes = |
| footnotes = |
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}} |
}} |
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[[File:Kashiwa city hall.jpg|right|thumb|270px|Kashiwa City Hall]] |
[[File:Kashiwa city hall.jpg|right|thumb|270px|Kashiwa City Hall]] |
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{{Nihongo|'''Kashiwa'''|柏市|Kashiwa-shi}} is a [[Cities of Japan|city]] located in [[Chiba Prefecture]], [[Japan]].<ref name="enc">{{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Japan |title=Kashiwa |url=http://rekishi.jkn21.com/ |access-date=2012-07-17 |year=2012 |publisher=Shogakukan |location=Tokyo |oclc=56431036 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070825113418/http://rekishi.jkn21.com/ |archive-date=August 25, 2007 }}</ref> {{As of|2021}}, the city had an estimated [[population]] of 433,436 in 194,216 households and a [[population density]] of 3800 persons per km<sup>2</sup>.<ref name="Kashiwa-hp">{{cite web |url=http://www.city.kashiwa.lg.jp/soshiki/020800/p057379.html |title= Kashiwa city official statistics|location= Japan|language= ja}}</ref> The total area of the city is {{convert|114.72|sqkm|sqmi}}. |
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{{Nihongo|'''Kashiwa'''|柏市|Kashiwa-shi}} is a [[Cities of Japan|city]] located in [[Chiba Prefecture]], [[Japan]].<ref name="enc">{{cite encyclopedia |
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|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Japan |
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|title=Kashiwa |
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|url=http://rekishi.jkn21.com/ |
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|accessdate=2012-07-17 |
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|year=2012 |
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|publisher=Shogakukan |
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|location=Tokyo |
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|oclc=56431036 |
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|url-status=dead |
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|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070825113418/http://rekishi.jkn21.com/ |
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|archivedate=August 25, 2007 |
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}}</ref> As of December 1, 2015, the city had an estimated [[population]] of 411,602, and a [[population density]] of 3,590 persons per km<sup>2</sup>. The total area is {{convert|114.72|sqkm|sqmi}}. |
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The name of the city is written with a single ''[[kanji]]'' character: {{Nihongo2|{{linktext|柏}}}}, a reference to ''[[Quercus dentata]]'', commonly known in English as the Japanese emperor oak or daimyo oak. |
The name of the city is written with a single ''[[kanji]]'' character: {{Nihongo2|{{linktext|柏}}}}, a reference to ''[[Quercus dentata]]'', commonly known in English as the Japanese emperor oak or daimyo oak. |
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==Geography== |
==Geography== |
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Kashiwa is located on the [[Shimōsa Plateau]] in the far northwestern corner of Chiba Prefecture.<ref name="kokushi">{{cite encyclopedia|encyclopedia=Kokushi Daijiten |script-title=ja:柏 |url=http://rekishi.jkn21.com/ | |
Kashiwa is located on the [[Shimōsa Plateau]] in the far northwestern corner of Chiba Prefecture, about 30 kilometers from the prefectural capital at [[Chiba (city)|Chiba]] and 25 to 35 kilometers from central Tokyo.<ref name="kokushi">{{cite encyclopedia|encyclopedia=Kokushi Daijiten |script-title=ja:柏 |url=http://rekishi.jkn21.com/ |access-date=2012-07-17 |year=2012 |publisher=Shogakukan |location=Tokyo |language=ja |trans-title=Kashiwa |oclc=683276033 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070825113418/http://rekishi.jkn21.com/ |archive-date=August 25, 2007 }}</ref> It is separated from Ibaraki Prefecture to the north by the [[Tone River]]. Located on the [[Kanto Plain]], the city is flat, with an elevation of between 5 and 32 meters above sea level. |
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===Neighboring municipalities=== |
===Neighboring municipalities=== |
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**[[Matsudo, Chiba|Matsudo]] |
**[[Matsudo, Chiba|Matsudo]] |
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**[[Abiko, Chiba|Abiko]] |
**[[Abiko, Chiba|Abiko]] |
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**[[Inzai]] |
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**[[Kamagaya, Chiba|Kamagaya]] |
**[[Kamagaya, Chiba|Kamagaya]] |
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**[[Noda, Chiba|Noda]] |
**[[Noda, Chiba|Noda]] |
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**[[Shiroi, Chiba|Shiroi]] |
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**[[Nagareyama, Chiba|Nagareyama]] |
**[[Nagareyama, Chiba|Nagareyama]] |
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*[[Ibaraki Prefecture]] |
*[[Ibaraki Prefecture]] |
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**[[Toride, Ibaraki|Toride]] |
**[[Toride, Ibaraki|Toride]] |
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**[[Moriya, Ibaraki|Moriya]] |
**[[Moriya, Ibaraki|Moriya]] |
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===Climate=== |
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Kashiwa has a [[humid subtropical climate]] (Köppen ''Cfa'') characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall. The average annual temperature in Kashiwa is 14.7 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1358 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.5 °C, and lowest in January, at around 3.9 °C.<ref>[https://en.climate-data.org/asia/japan/chiba/kashiwa-764632/ Kashiwa climate data]</ref> |
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==Demographics== |
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Per Japanese census data,<ref>[https://www.citypopulation.de/php/japan-chiba.php Kashiwa population statistics]</ref> the population of Kashiwa has been increasing rapidly over the past 70 years. |
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{{Historical populations |
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| 1950 | 49,159 |
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| 1960 | 75,594 |
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| 1970 | 169,115 |
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| 1980 | 272,904 |
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| 1990 | 347,002 |
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| 2000 | 373,778 |
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| 2010 | 404,012 |
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| 2020 | 426,468 |
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|align = none |
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| footnote = |
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}} |
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==History== |
==History== |
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===Early history=== |
===Early history=== |
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Kashiwa has been settled since ancient times, and was historically part of [[Shimōsa Province]]. The area around Kashiwa was the site of the [[Battle of Sakainehara]] in 1478 early in the [[Sengoku period]] (1467 – 1573). During the [[Edo period]] (1603 – 1868), the area was ''[[tenryō]]'' territory controlled directly by the [[Tokugawa shogunate]]. The shogunate established a number of horse ranches which provided [[war horse]]s for the army of the shogunate. The Tokugawa shogunate put much effort into draining the marshy areas of [[Lake |
Kashiwa has been settled since ancient times, and was historically part of [[Shimōsa Province]]. The area around Kashiwa was the site of the [[Battle of Sakainehara]] in 1478 early in the [[Sengoku period]] (1467 – 1573). During the [[Edo period]] (1603 – 1868), the area was ''[[tenryō]]'' territory controlled directly by the [[Tokugawa shogunate]]. The shogunate established a number of horse ranches which provided [[war horse]]s for the army of the shogunate. The Tokugawa shogunate put much effort into draining the marshy areas of [[Lake Tega]] (Lake Teganuma) during the Edo period as part of large-scale [[land reclamation]] carried out across Japan.<ref name="kokushi" /> Kashiwa was developed as a [[shukuba|post station]] on the [[Mito Kaidō]], which connected the capitol at [[Edo]] with [[Mito, Ibaraki|Mito]] in present-day [[Ibaraki Prefecture]]. |
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===Modern history=== |
===Modern history=== |
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After the [[Meiji Restoration]] in 1868, Kashiwa Village was created in Chiba Prefecture on October 1, 1889. Kashiwa was connected to Tokyo by rail in 1896, and rail construction during the [[Meiji period]] (1868 – 1912) established the area as a commercial center.<ref name="enc" /> Kashiwa became a town on September 15, 1926. Kashiwa, like much of northern Chiba Prefecture, saw the development of numerous military installations in the 1930s, notably after the [[Mukden Incident]] in 1931.<ref name="kokushi" /> The [[Imperial Japanese Army]] established |
After the [[Meiji Restoration]] in 1868, Kashiwa Village was created in Chiba Prefecture on October 1, 1889, with the establishment of the modern municipalities system. Kashiwa was connected to Tokyo by rail in 1896, and rail construction during the [[Meiji period]] (1868 – 1912) established the area as a commercial center.<ref name="enc" /> Kashiwa became a town on September 15, 1926. Kashiwa, like much of northern Chiba Prefecture, saw the development of numerous military installations in the 1930s, notably after the [[Mukden Incident]] in 1931.<ref name="kokushi" /> The [[Imperial Japanese Army]] established Kashiwa Air Field and Kashiwa Military Hospital, and Kashiwa became a military town. The air field was abandoned after the end of World War II, but the hospital continues to exist as the Kashiwa Public Hospital.<ref name="enc" /> |
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On September 1, 1954, Kashiwa absorbed neighboring Kogane Town and Tsuchi and Tanaka villages to form the new city of {{nihongo|Tokatsu|東葛市|Tokatsu-shi}}. However, many politicians in Kogane Town were vehemently opposed to the merger, and forced its dissolution on October 15, 1954 with most of former Kogane Town merging with [[Matsudo, Chiba|Matsudo city]] instead.<ref name="kokushi" /> On November 1, 1954, Fuse Village broke away from Tokatsu, eventually joining Abiko Town to form the city of Abiko. The remaining portion of Tokatsu was renamed Kashiwa on November 15, 1954. On December 25, 1955 a fire of unknown origin destroyed the former Kashiwa City Hall, and burned down most of the center of the city. In the 1960s, Kashiwa was designated for reconstruction with a special fund from the central government, which included |
On September 1, 1954, Kashiwa absorbed neighboring Kogane Town and Tsuchi and Tanaka villages to form the new city of {{nihongo|Tokatsu|東葛市|Tokatsu-shi}}. However, many politicians in Kogane Town were vehemently opposed to the merger, and forced its dissolution on October 15, 1954, with most of former Kogane Town merging with [[Matsudo, Chiba|Matsudo city]] instead.<ref name="kokushi" /> On November 1, 1954, Fuse Village broke away from Tokatsu, eventually joining Abiko Town to form the city of Abiko. The remaining portion of Tokatsu was renamed Kashiwa on November 15, 1954. On December 25, 1955, a fire of unknown origin destroyed the former Kashiwa City Hall, and burned down most of the center of the city. In the 1960s, Kashiwa was designated for reconstruction with a special fund from the central government, which included Japan's first pedestrian decks, completed at Kashiwa Station in 1973. Also during this period, [[new town]] developments greatly expanded the city's population. |
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On April 1, 2008, Kashiwa was designated as a [[Core cities of Japan|core city]], with increased local autonomy. In August 2010, the city population exceeded 400,000 people. |
On April 1, 2008, Kashiwa was designated as a [[Core cities of Japan|core city]], with increased local autonomy. In August 2010, the city population exceeded 400,000 people. |
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==Government== |
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Kashiwa has a [[mayor-council]] form of government with a directly elected mayor and a [[unicameral]] city council of 36 members. Kashiwa contributes five members to the Chiba Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is divided between the [[Chiba 8th district]] and the [[Chiba 13th district]] of the [[House of Representatives of Japan|lower house]] of the [[Diet of Japan]]. |
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==Economy== |
==Economy== |
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Kashiwa is a regional commercial center and a [[bedroom community]] for nearby Chiba and Tokyo.<ref name="enc" /> The city has a mixed industrial base, with food processing industries forming an important portion of the economy. [[Nikka Whisky Distilling]], [[Asahi Soft Drinks]], and [[Ito Ham]] all have production facilities in Kashiwa. There is some residual agriculture of turnips, onions and spinach.<ref name="enc" /> |
Kashiwa is a regional commercial center and a [[bedroom community]] for nearby Chiba and Tokyo.<ref name="enc" /> Due to its good transportation connection with Tokyo, an estimated 42.3% of the working population (2015 census) commute to Tokyo for work. The city has a mixed industrial base, with food processing industries forming an important portion of the economy. [[Nikka Whisky Distilling]], [[Asahi Soft Drinks]], and [[Ito Ham]] all have production facilities in Kashiwa. There is some residual agriculture of turnips, onions and spinach.<ref name="enc" /> |
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==Education== |
==Education== |
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===Universities=== |
===Universities=== |
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* [[Chiba University]], Kashiwa Campus |
* [[Chiba University]], Kashiwa Campus |
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* [[University of Tokyo]], Kashiwa Campus |
* [[University of Tokyo]], Kashiwa Campus |
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* [[Reitaku University]] |
* [[Reitaku University]] |
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===Primary and secondary education=== |
===Primary and secondary education=== |
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*Kashiwa has 42 public elementary schools |
*Kashiwa has 42 public elementary schools and 20 public middle schools operated by the city government, and three private combined middle/high schools and one combined middle/high school operated by the Chiba Prefectural Board of Education. The city has eight public high schools operated by the Chiba Prefectural Board of Education and two private high schools. The prefecture also operates one special education school for the handicapped. |
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==Transportation== |
==Transportation== |
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=== |
===Railway=== |
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[[File:JR logo (east).svg|20px]] [[JR East]] – [[Jōban Line]] |
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*{{STN|Minami-Kashiwa}} - {{STN|Kashiwa}} - {{STN|Kita-Kashiwa}} |
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[[File:Tōbu Tetsudō Logo.svg|36px]] [[Tōbu Railway]] - [[Tobu Urban Park Line]] |
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*{{STN|Toyoshiki}} - {{STN|Kashiwa}} - {{STN|Shin-Kashiwa}} - {{STN|Masuo|Chiba}} - {{STN|Sakasai}} - {{STN|Takayanagi}} |
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[[File:Tsukuba Express mark.svg|18px]] [[Metropolitan Intercity Railway Company]] - [[Tsukuba Express]] |
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*{{STN|Kashiwanoha-campus}} - {{STN|Kashiwa-Tanaka}} |
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===Highways=== |
===Highways=== |
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* {{jct|country=JPN|Exp|E6|dab1=J}} |
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*[[Jōban Expressway]] |
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* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|6}} |
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*[[Japan National Route 6|National Route 6]] |
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* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|16}} |
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*[[Japan National Route 16|National Route 16]] |
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* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|294}} |
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*[[Japan National Route 294|National Route 294]] |
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==Sports== |
==Sports== |
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Kashiwa is home to the professional [[football (soccer)|football]] team [[Kashiwa Reysol]]. |
Kashiwa is home to the professional [[football (soccer)|football]] team [[Kashiwa Reysol]] and the women's [[basketball]] team [[Eneos Sunflowers]]. |
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== |
==Twin towns – sister cities== |
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{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Japan}} |
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*{{flagdeco|US}} – [[Torrance, California]], United States,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.asiamattersforamerica.org/japan/data/sister-cities-state|title=US-Japan Sister Cities by State|work=Asia Matters for America|publisher=East-West Center|language=English|accessdate=20 November 2015|location=Honolulu, HI}}</ref> since February 20, 1973 |
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Kashiwa is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:<ref>{{cite web |title=姉妹友好都市・ふるさと交流都市|url=http://www.city.kashiwa.lg.jp/soshiki/400100/p000065.html|website=city.kashiwa.lg.jp|publisher=Kashiwa|language=ja|access-date=2020-04-10}}</ref> |
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*{{flagdeco|PRC}} – [[Chengde]], [[Hebei]], China,<ref name=International>{{cite web|url=http://www.clair.or.jp/cgi-bin/simai/e/03.cgi?p=12&n=Chiba%20Prefecture|title=International Exchange|work=List of Affiliation Partners within Prefectures|publisher=Council of Local Authorities for International Relations (CLAIR)|language=English|accessdate=21 November 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304204202/http://www.clair.or.jp/cgi-bin/simai/e/03.cgi?p=12&n=Chiba%20Prefecture|archivedate=4 March 2016}}</ref> since November 1, 1983 |
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{{div col|colwidth=20em}} |
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*{{flagdeco|US}} – [[Guam]], United States,<ref name=International/> since November 30, 1991 |
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*{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Ayase, Kanagawa|Ayase]], Japan (1967) |
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*{{flagdeco|Australia}} – [[Camden, New South Wales]], Australia,<ref name=International/> since April 11, 1997 |
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*{{flagicon|AUS}} [[Camden Council (New South Wales)|Camden]], Australia (1997) |
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*{{flagdeco|Japan}} – [[Tsugaru, Aomori]], Japan, since November 19, 1994 |
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*{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Chengde]], [[Hebei]], China (1983) |
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*{{flagicon|GUM}} [[Guam]], United States (1991) |
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*{{flagicon|USA}} [[Torrance, California|Torrance]], [[California]], United States (1973) |
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{{div col end}} |
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==Notable people== |
==Notable people== |
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*[[Naoki Ishikawa]], professional soccer player |
*[[Naoki Ishikawa]], professional soccer player |
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*[[Kirinji Kazuharu]], sumo wrestler |
*[[Kirinji Kazuharu]], sumo wrestler |
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*[[Kotoshōhō Yoshinari]], sumo wrestler |
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*[[Masato (kickboxer)|Masato Kobayashi]], professional kickboxer |
*[[Masato (kickboxer)|Masato Kobayashi]], professional kickboxer |
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*[[Yuri Mitsui]], actress, model |
*[[Yuri Mitsui]], actress, model |
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{{Authority control}} |
{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:Kashiwa| ]] |
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[[Category:Cities in Chiba Prefecture]] |
[[Category:Cities in Chiba Prefecture]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Populated places established in 1954]] |
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[[Category:1954 establishments in Japan]] |
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Revision as of 10:15, 5 January 2024
Kashiwa
柏市 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||
 Flag  Seal | |||||||||
 Location of Kashiwa in Chiba Prefecture | |||||||||
  Kashiwa Location of Kashiwa in Japan  Kashiwa Location of Kashiwa in Kantō Regiom  Kashiwa Location of Kashiwa in Chiba Prefecture | |||||||||
| Coordinates: 35°52′3.3″N 139°58′32.7″E / 35.867583°N 139.975750°E | |||||||||
| Country | Japan | ||||||||
| Region | Kantō | ||||||||
| Prefecture | Chiba | ||||||||
| Government | |||||||||
| • Mayor | Kazumi Ota (since November 2021) | ||||||||
| Area | |||||||||
| • Total | 114.74 km2 (44.30 sq mi) | ||||||||
| Population (2021) | |||||||||
| • Total | 433,436 | ||||||||
| • Density | 3,800/km2 (9,800/sq mi) | ||||||||
| Time zone | UTC+9 (Japan Standard Time) | ||||||||
| City symbols | |||||||||
| • tree | Daimyo oak, Castanopsis | ||||||||
| • Flower | Phlox subulata; Erythronium japonicum; sunflower | ||||||||
| • Bird | Azure-winged magpie | ||||||||
| Phone number | 04-7167-1111 | ||||||||
| Address | 5-10-1 Kashiwa, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba-ken 270-8505 | ||||||||
| Website | Official website | ||||||||
Kashiwa (柏市, Kashiwa-shi) is a city located in Chiba Prefecture, Japan.[1] As of 2021[update], the city had an estimated population of 433,436 in 194,216 households and a population density of 3800 persons per km2.[2] The total area of the city is 114.72 square kilometres (44.29 sq mi).
The name of the city is written with a single kanji character: 柏, a reference to Quercus dentata, commonly known in English as the Japanese emperor oak or daimyo oak.
Geography
Kashiwa is located on the Shimōsa Plateau in the far northwestern corner of Chiba Prefecture, about 30 kilometers from the prefectural capital at Chiba and 25 to 35 kilometers from central Tokyo.[3] It is separated from Ibaraki Prefecture to the north by the Tone River. Located on the Kanto Plain, the city is flat, with an elevation of between 5 and 32 meters above sea level.
Neighboring municipalities
- Chiba Prefecture
- Ibaraki Prefecture
Climate
Kashiwa has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall. The average annual temperature in Kashiwa is 14.7 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1358 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.5 °C, and lowest in January, at around 3.9 °C.[4]
Demographics
Per Japanese census data,[5] the population of Kashiwa has been increasing rapidly over the past 70 years.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 49,159 | — |
| 1960 | 75,594 | +53.8% |
| 1970 | 169,115 | +123.7% |
| 1980 | 272,904 | +61.4% |
| 1990 | 347,002 | +27.2% |
| 2000 | 373,778 | +7.7% |
| 2010 | 404,012 | +8.1% |
| 2020 | 426,468 | +5.6% |
History
Early history
Kashiwa has been settled since ancient times, and was historically part of Shimōsa Province. The area around Kashiwa was the site of the Battle of Sakainehara in 1478 early in the Sengoku period (1467 – 1573). During the Edo period (1603 – 1868), the area was tenryō territory controlled directly by the Tokugawa shogunate. The shogunate established a number of horse ranches which provided war horses for the army of the shogunate. The Tokugawa shogunate put much effort into draining the marshy areas of Lake Tega (Lake Teganuma) during the Edo period as part of large-scale land reclamation carried out across Japan.[3] Kashiwa was developed as a post station on the Mito Kaidō, which connected the capitol at Edo with Mito in present-day Ibaraki Prefecture.
Modern history
After the Meiji Restoration in 1868, Kashiwa Village was created in Chiba Prefecture on October 1, 1889, with the establishment of the modern municipalities system. Kashiwa was connected to Tokyo by rail in 1896, and rail construction during the Meiji period (1868 – 1912) established the area as a commercial center.[1] Kashiwa became a town on September 15, 1926. Kashiwa, like much of northern Chiba Prefecture, saw the development of numerous military installations in the 1930s, notably after the Mukden Incident in 1931.[3] The Imperial Japanese Army established Kashiwa Air Field and Kashiwa Military Hospital, and Kashiwa became a military town. The air field was abandoned after the end of World War II, but the hospital continues to exist as the Kashiwa Public Hospital.[1]
On September 1, 1954, Kashiwa absorbed neighboring Kogane Town and Tsuchi and Tanaka villages to form the new city of Tokatsu (東葛市, Tokatsu-shi). However, many politicians in Kogane Town were vehemently opposed to the merger, and forced its dissolution on October 15, 1954, with most of former Kogane Town merging with Matsudo city instead.[3] On November 1, 1954, Fuse Village broke away from Tokatsu, eventually joining Abiko Town to form the city of Abiko. The remaining portion of Tokatsu was renamed Kashiwa on November 15, 1954. On December 25, 1955, a fire of unknown origin destroyed the former Kashiwa City Hall, and burned down most of the center of the city. In the 1960s, Kashiwa was designated for reconstruction with a special fund from the central government, which included Japan's first pedestrian decks, completed at Kashiwa Station in 1973. Also during this period, new town developments greatly expanded the city's population.
On April 1, 2008, Kashiwa was designated as a core city, with increased local autonomy. In August 2010, the city population exceeded 400,000 people.
Government
Kashiwa has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 36 members. Kashiwa contributes five members to the Chiba Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is divided between the Chiba 8th district and the Chiba 13th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.
Economy
Kashiwa is a regional commercial center and a bedroom community for nearby Chiba and Tokyo.[1] Due to its good transportation connection with Tokyo, an estimated 42.3% of the working population (2015 census) commute to Tokyo for work. The city has a mixed industrial base, with food processing industries forming an important portion of the economy. Nikka Whisky Distilling, Asahi Soft Drinks, and Ito Ham all have production facilities in Kashiwa. There is some residual agriculture of turnips, onions and spinach.[1]
Education
Universities
- Chiba University, Kashiwa Campus
- University of Tokyo, Kashiwa Campus
- Reitaku University
- Nishōgakusha University
- Kaichi International University
Primary and secondary education
- Kashiwa has 42 public elementary schools and 20 public middle schools operated by the city government, and three private combined middle/high schools and one combined middle/high school operated by the Chiba Prefectural Board of Education. The city has eight public high schools operated by the Chiba Prefectural Board of Education and two private high schools. The prefecture also operates one special education school for the handicapped.
Transportation
Railway
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Tōbu Railway - Tobu Urban Park Line
- Toyoshiki - Kashiwa - Shin-Kashiwa - Masuo - Sakasai - Takayanagi
Metropolitan Intercity Railway Company - Tsukuba Express
Highways
Sports
Kashiwa is home to the professional football team Kashiwa Reysol and the women's basketball team Eneos Sunflowers.
Twin towns – sister cities
Notable people
 |
- Shigeyuki Furuki, professional baseball player
- Fumio Imamura, Olympic race walker
- Naoki Ishikawa, professional soccer player
- Kirinji Kazuharu, sumo wrestler
- Kotoshōhō Yoshinari, sumo wrestler
- Masato Kobayashi, professional kickboxer
- Yuri Mitsui, actress, model
- Yōko Oginome, singer
- Takeshi Okano, manga artist
- Megumi Urawa, voice actress
- Kazunori Yamauchi, video game designer
- Shintaro Katsu, actor and singer, died in Kashiwa.
- Yoshitaka Sakurada, politician(former Minister of State for the Tokyo Olympic and Paralympic game).
References
- ^ a b c d e "Kashiwa". Encyclopedia of Japan. Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. OCLC 56431036. Archived from the original on August 25, 2007. Retrieved 2012-07-17.
- ^ "Kashiwa city official statistics" (in Japanese). Japan.
- ^ a b c d 柏 [Kashiwa]. Kokushi Daijiten (in Japanese). Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. OCLC 683276033. Archived from the original on August 25, 2007. Retrieved 2012-07-17.
- ^ Kashiwa climate data
- ^ Kashiwa population statistics
- ^ "姉妹友好都市・ふるさと交流都市". city.kashiwa.lg.jp (in Japanese). Kashiwa. Retrieved 2020-04-10.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kashiwa, Chiba.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Kashiwa.
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