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Coordinates: 42°57′N 144°4′E / 42.950°N 144.067°E / 42.950; 144.067
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| other_name =
| other_name =
| image_flag = Flag of Shiranuka, Hokkaido.svg
| image_flag = Flag of Shiranuka, Hokkaido.svg
| image_seal = Shiranuka Hokkaido chapter.png
| image_blank_emblem = Emblem of Shiranuka, Hokkaido.svg
| blank_emblem_type = Emblem
| image_map = Shiranuka in Hokkaido Prefecture Ja.svg
| image_map = Shiranuka in Hokkaido Prefecture Ja.svg
| map_caption = Location of Shiranuka in [[Hokkaido]] ([[Kushiro Subprefecture]])
| map_caption = Location of Shiranuka in [[Hokkaido]] ([[Kushiro Subprefecture]])
Line 36: Line 37:
| blank_name_sec1 = City hall address
| blank_name_sec1 = City hall address
| blank_info_sec1 =
| blank_info_sec1 =
| blank_name_sec2 = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| blank_info_sec2 = [[Humid continental climate|Dfb]]
| website = {{URL|http://www.town.shiranuka.lg.jp/}}
| website = {{URL|http://www.town.shiranuka.lg.jp/}}
}}
}}


{{Nihongo|'''Shiranuka'''|白糠町|Shiranuka-chō}} is a [[List of towns in Japan|town]] located in [[Kushiro Subprefecture]], [[Hokkaido]], [[Japan]]. As of September, 2013, it has an estimated population of 8,910, and an area of 773.74 km². The population has fallen significantly in recent years.
{{Nihongo|'''Shiranuka'''|白糠町|Shiranuka-chō}} is a [[List of towns in Japan|town]] located in [[Kushiro Subprefecture]], [[Hokkaido]], [[Japan]]. As of September, 2013, it has an estimated population of 8,910, and an area of 773.74&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>. The population has fallen significantly in recent years.


== Etymology ==
== Etymology ==
It is believed that the town's name, which is in the indigenous Ainu language, translates roughly into "the place where the tide passes over the rocky shore".
It is believed that the town's name, which is in the indigenous [[Ainu language]], translates roughly into "the place where the tide passes over the rocky shore".


== History ==
== History ==
During the Meiji restoration, Japanese people were encouraged by the central government to inhabit the lands of Hokkaido. Shiranuka was thus founded as a small fishing village in 1884, eventually gaining town status in 1950.
During the [[Meiji Restoration|Meiji restoration]], Japanese people were encouraged by the central government to inhabit the lands of Hokkaido. Shiranuka was thus founded as a small fishing village in 1884, eventually gaining town status in 1950.


== Geography ==
== Geography ==
Situated at the mouth of the river Charo into the Pacific Ocean, Shiranuka is flanked on both sides by small hills and has two narrow stretches of sand beaches.
Situated at the mouth of the river Charo into the [[Pacific Ocean]], Shiranuka is flanked on both sides by small hills and has two narrow stretches of sand beaches.


=== Climate ===
=== Climate ===
The town has a typically Northern-temperate climate. Winter temperates reach a minimum of around −10&nbsp;°C, climbing to a maximum of around 20&nbsp;°C in summer. Snowfall tends to be slightly lower than the rest of Hokkaido, and the local region is known for a high proportion of overcast or foggy days.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.weather.web.tr/weatherforecast_shiranuka_japan.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=2009-03-24 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304125054/http://www.weather.web.tr/weatherforecast_shiranuka_japan.html |archive-date=2016-03-04 }}</ref>
The town has a typically Northern-temperate climate. Winter temperates reach a minimum of around −10&nbsp;°C, climbing to a maximum of around 20&nbsp;°C in summer. Snowfall tends to be slightly lower than the rest of Hokkaido, and the local region is known for a high proportion of overcast or foggy days.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.weather.web.tr/weatherforecast_shiranuka_japan.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=2009-03-24 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304125054/http://www.weather.web.tr/weatherforecast_shiranuka_japan.html |archive-date=2016-03-04 }}</ref>
{{Weather box|width=auto
{{Weather box
|width=auto
|collapsed = Y
⚫
|location = Shiranuka (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1977−present)
|single line = Y
|single line = Y
|metric first = Y
|metric first = Y
⚫
|location = Shiranuka (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1977−present)
|Jan record high C =
|Feb record high C =
|Jan record high C = 8.2
|Mar record high C =
|Feb record high C = 9.1
|Apr record high C =
|Mar record high C = 15.6
|May record high C =
|Apr record high C = 26.4
|Jun record high C =
|May record high C = 30.9
|Jul record high C =
|Jun record high C = 31.1
|Aug record high C =
|Jul record high C = 33.3
|Sep record high C =
|Aug record high C = 35.5
|Oct record high C =
|Sep record high C = 31.3
|Nov record high C =
|Oct record high C = 23.1
|Dec record high C =
|Nov record high C = 21.2
|Jan record low C =
|Dec record high C = 13.1
|Feb record low C =
|Jan record low C = -26.5
|Mar record low C =
|Feb record low C = -29.2
|Apr record low C =
|Mar record low C = -20.8
|May record low C =
|Apr record low C = -14.6
|Jun record low C =
|May record low C = -7.2
|Jul record low C =
|Jun record low C = -1.9
|Aug record low C =
|Jul record low C = 2.9
|Sep record low C =
|Aug record low C = 5.3
|Oct record low C =
|Sep record low C = -0.5
|Nov record low C =
|Oct record low C = -6.5
|Dec record low C =
|Nov record low C = -13.4
|Jan high C = 9.5
|Dec record low C = -22.9
|Feb high C = 10.2
|Jan high C = -0.3
|Mar high C = 13.6
|Feb high C = -0.2
|Apr high C = 18.7
|Mar high C = 3.4
|May high C = 23.3
|Apr high C = 8.8
|Jun high C = 26.1
|May high C = 13.4
|Jul high C = 29.9
|Jun high C = 16.3
|Aug high C = 31.5
|Jul high C = 20.0
|Sep high C = 28.1
|Aug high C = 21.9
|Oct high C = 22.9
|Sep high C = 20.2
|Nov high C = 17.3
|Oct high C = 15.3
|Dec high C = 11.9
|Nov high C = 8.8
|Jan mean C = 6.1
|Dec high C = 2.3
|Feb mean C = 6.5
|Jan mean C = -6.2
|Mar mean C = 9.6
|Feb mean C = -5.9
|Apr mean C = 14.4
|Mar mean C = -1.4
|May mean C = 19.0
|Apr mean C = 3.5
|Jun mean C = 22.4
|May mean C = 8.3
|Jul mean C = 26.5
|Jun mean C = 12.0
|Aug mean C = 27.9
|Jul mean C = 16.0
|Sep mean C = 24.5
|Aug mean C = 17.8
|Oct mean C = 19.2
|Sep mean C = 15.4
|Nov mean C = 13.6
|Oct mean C = 9.5
|Dec mean C = 8.4
|Nov mean C = 3.2
|Jan low C = 2.8
|Dec mean C = -3.3
|Feb low C = 3.0
|Jan low C = -13.0
|Mar low C = 5.7
|Feb low C = -13.0
|Apr low C = 10.4
|Mar low C = -7.2
|May low C = 15.2
|Apr low C = -1.8
|Jun low C = 19.4
|May low C = 3.3
|Jul low C = 23.8
|Jun low C = 8.3
|Aug low C = 25.0
|Jul low C = 12.8
|Sep low C = 21.5
|Aug low C = 14.6
|Oct low C = 15.8
|Sep low C = 11.0
|Nov low C = 10.0
|Oct low C = 3.6
|Dec low C = 5.0
|Nov low C = -2.8
|Dec low C = -9.5
|precipitation colour = green
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 41.5
|Jan precipitation mm = 38.3
|Feb precipitation mm = 59.3
|Feb precipitation mm = 25.6
|Mar precipitation mm = 106.7
|Mar precipitation mm = 53.9
|Apr precipitation mm = 126.0
|Apr precipitation mm = 82.2
|May precipitation mm = 147.2
|May precipitation mm = 123.1
|Jun precipitation mm = 217.9
|Jun precipitation mm = 113.3
|Jul precipitation mm = 251.4
|Jul precipitation mm = 132.5
|Aug precipitation mm = 113.2
|Aug precipitation mm = 148.9
|Sep precipitation mm = 143.7
|Sep precipitation mm = 170.4
|Oct precipitation mm =
|Oct precipitation mm = 119.6
|Nov precipitation mm =
|Nov precipitation mm = 63.6
|Dec precipitation mm =
|Dec precipitation mm = 55.0
|year precipitation mm =
|year precipitation mm = 1119.1
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 4.7
|Jan precipitation days = 5.0
|Feb precipitation days = 6.5
|Feb precipitation days = 4.3
|Mar precipitation days = 8.8
|Mar precipitation days = 7.2
|Apr precipitation days = 9.0
|Apr precipitation days = 8.8
|May precipitation days = 8.6
|May precipitation days = 10.3
|Jun precipitation days = 10.6
|Jun precipitation days = 9.5
|Jul precipitation days = 9.6
|Jul precipitation days = 11.0
|Aug precipitation days = 6.5
|Aug precipitation days = 11.6
|Sep precipitation days = 8.1
|Sep precipitation days = 10.8
|Oct precipitation days =
|Oct precipitation days = 8.6
|Nov precipitation days =
|Nov precipitation days = 8.1
|Dec precipitation days =
|Dec precipitation days = 6.6
|Jan snow cm = 1
|Jan snow cm = 77
|Feb snow cm = 2
|Feb snow cm = 71
|Mar snow cm =
|Mar snow cm = 78
|Apr snow cm = 0
|Apr snow cm = 14
|May snow cm = 0
|May snow cm = 0
|Jun snow cm = 0
|Jun snow cm = 0
Line 152: Line 157:
|Aug snow cm = 0
|Aug snow cm = 0
|Sep snow cm = 0
|Sep snow cm = 0
|Oct snow cm =
|Oct snow cm = 0
|Nov snow cm =
|Nov snow cm = 8
|Dec snow cm =
|Dec snow cm = 49
|year snow cm =
|year snow cm = 298
|unit snow days = 1 cm
|unit snow days = 3 cm
|Jan snow days = 0.3
|Jan snow days = 9.4
|Feb snow days = 0.7
|Feb snow days = 9.4
|Mar snow days = 0.1
|Mar snow days = 10.6
|Apr snow days = 0
|Apr snow days = 1.9
|May snow days = 0
|May snow days = 0
|Jun snow days = 0
|Jun snow days = 0
Line 166: Line 171:
|Aug snow days = 0
|Aug snow days = 0
|Sep snow days = 0
|Sep snow days = 0
|Oct snow days =
|Oct snow days = 0
|Nov snow days =
|Nov snow days = 0.9
|Dec snow days =
|Dec snow days = 5.8
|Jan sun = 140.7
|Jan sun = 187.0
|Feb sun = 145.7
|Feb sun = 183.4
|Mar sun = 181.7
|Mar sun = 197.4
|Apr sun = 194.8
|Apr sun = 182.2
|May sun = 212.3
|May sun = 172.1
|Jun sun = 155.9
|Jun sun = 128.7
|Jul sun = 183.9
|Jul sun = 112.7
|Aug sun = 217.9
|Aug sun = 123.0
|Sep sun = 166.8
|Sep sun = 140.8
|Oct sun =
|Oct sun = 174.3
|Nov sun =
|Nov sun = 170.0
|Dec sun =
|Dec sun = 177.6
|year sun =
|year sun = 1949.2
|source 1 = [[Japan Meteorological Agency]]<ref>{{cite web
|source 1 = [[Japan Meteorological Agency]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/rank_a.php?prec_no=19&block_no=0098&year=&month=&day=&view=h0
| url =
|script-title=ja:観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）
|script-title=ja:観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）
| publisher = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]]
| publisher = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]]
| access-date = March 3, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
| access-date = March 3, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
| url = https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/nml_amd_ym.php?prec_no=19&block_no=0098&year=&month=&day=&view=h0
| url =
|script-title=ja:気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）
|script-title=ja:気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）
| publisher = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]]
| publisher = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]]
Line 196: Line 201:


== Education ==
== Education ==
Shiranuka has a number of kindergartens, an elementary school, a junior high school and a high school. Many junior school students opt to go to high school in Kushiro. The town board of education also covers schools in nearby Shoro and Charo villages.
Shiranuka has a number of kindergartens, an elementary school, a junior high school and a high school. Many junior school students opt to go to high school in [[Kushiro]]. The town board of education also covers schools in nearby Shoro and Charo villages.


== Cuisine ==
== Cuisine ==
Like Hokkaido as a whole, perhaps Shiranuka's greatest claim to fame is its culinary offerings. The town has a large population of Sika deer,<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1007/s11284-004-0019-4 | volume=20 | title=Food habits of sika deer in the Shiranuka Hills, eastern Hokkaido: a northern example from the north?south variations in food habits in sika deer | year=2004 | journal=Ecological Research | pages=129–133 | last1 = Campos-Arceiz | first1 = Ahimsa | last2 = Takatsuki | first2 = Seiki}}</ref> which are consequently something of a local delicacy along with the sea produce brought in by local fishermen.
Like Hokkaido as a whole, perhaps Shiranuka's greatest claim to fame is its culinary offerings. The town has a large population of [[Sika deer]],<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1007/s11284-004-0019-4 | volume=20 | title=Food habits of sika deer in the Shiranuka Hills, eastern Hokkaido: a northern example from the north?south variations in food habits in sika deer | year=2004 | journal=Ecological Research | pages=129–133 | last1 = Campos-Arceiz | first1 = Ahimsa | last2 = Takatsuki | first2 = Seiki| issue=2 | s2cid=36798323 }}</ref> which are consequently something of a local delicacy along with the sea produce brought in by local fishermen.


== Transport links ==
== Transport links ==
Shiranuka is linked to nearby Kushiro by road Route 38, as well as regular bus and train services. A regular train from Shiranuka reaches Sapporo in just under 4 hours; Nemuro and Obihiro are both roughly 2-hour train journeys away.
Shiranuka is linked to nearby Kushiro by road Route 38, as well as regular bus and train services. A regular train from Shiranuka reaches [[Sapporo]] in just under 4 hours; [[Nemuro, Hokkaido|Nemuro]] and [[Obihiro]] are both roughly 2-hour train journeys away.


== Tourism ==
== Tourism ==
Although not a common tourist destination in itself, Shiranuka is well placed for nearby attractions. Kushiro wetlands have become famous in Japan since the recovery of the crane population, and Akan National Park is approximately an hours drive from the town. Shiretoko National Park (one of Japan's three World Natural Heritage Sites) is slightly further, but still accessible within 3 hours by car.
Although not a common tourist destination in itself, Shiranuka is well placed for nearby attractions. Kushiro wetlands have become famous in Japan since the recovery of the crane population, and [[Akan National Park]] is approximately an hours drive from the town. [[Shiretoko National Park]] (one of Japan's three World Natural Heritage Sites) is slightly further, but still accessible within 3 hours by car.

== Mascots ==
[[File:Koita-kun and Meika-chan.png|thumb|150px|Milkcook and Kurobe Happy, the town's mascots]]
Shiranuka's mascots is {{Nihongo|'''Koita-kun'''|コイタくん}} and {{Nihongo|'''Meika-chan'''|メイカちゃん}}. They met in Shiranuka Koitoi Michi-no-Eki.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://kawaii.hokkaido.jp/character/koitakun/|title=コイタくん・メイカちゃんのプロフィール（白糠町）|website=Kawaii Hokkaido}}</ref>
*Koita is a red willow octopus from Shiranuka.
*Meika is a white [[flying squid]] from [[Kyushu]].


== References ==
== References ==

Latest revision as of 16:23, 7 December 2023

Shiranuka
白糠町
Town
Flag of Shiranuka
Flag
Official logo of Shiranuka
Emblem
Shiranuka is located in Japan
Shiranuka
Shiranuka
Location in Japan
Coordinates: 42°57′N 144°4′E / 42.950°N 144.067°E / 42.950; 144.067
CountryJapan
RegionHokkaido
PrefectureHokkaido (Kushiro Subprefecture)
DistrictShiranuka
Area
773.74 km2 (298.74 sq mi)
Population
 (March 31, 2018)
 • Total7,972
 • Density10/km2 (27/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+09:00 (JST)
ClimateDfb
Websitewww.town.shiranuka.lg.jp

Shiranuka (白糠町, Shiranuka-chō) is a town located in Kushiro Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan. As of September, 2013, it has an estimated population of 8,910, and an area of 773.74 km2. The population has fallen significantly in recent years.

Etymology[edit]

It is believed that the town's name, which is in the indigenous Ainu language, translates roughly into "the place where the tide passes over the rocky shore".

History[edit]

During the Meiji restoration, Japanese people were encouraged by the central government to inhabit the lands of Hokkaido. Shiranuka was thus founded as a small fishing village in 1884, eventually gaining town status in 1950.

Geography[edit]

Situated at the mouth of the river Charo into the Pacific Ocean, Shiranuka is flanked on both sides by small hills and has two narrow stretches of sand beaches.

Climate[edit]

The town has a typically Northern-temperate climate. Winter temperates reach a minimum of around −10 °C, climbing to a maximum of around 20 °C in summer. Snowfall tends to be slightly lower than the rest of Hokkaido, and the local region is known for a high proportion of overcast or foggy days.[1]

Climate data for Shiranuka (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1977−present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 8.2
(46.8) 		9.1
(48.4) 		15.6
(60.1) 		26.4
(79.5) 		30.9
(87.6) 		31.1
(88.0) 		33.3
(91.9) 		35.5
(95.9) 		31.3
(88.3) 		23.1
(73.6) 		21.2
(70.2) 		13.1
(55.6) 		35.5
(95.9)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −0.3
(31.5) 		−0.2
(31.6) 		3.4
(38.1) 		8.8
(47.8) 		13.4
(56.1) 		16.3
(61.3) 		20.0
(68.0) 		21.9
(71.4) 		20.2
(68.4) 		15.3
(59.5) 		8.8
(47.8) 		2.3
(36.1) 		10.8
(51.5)
Daily mean °C (°F) −6.2
(20.8) 		−5.9
(21.4) 		−1.4
(29.5) 		3.5
(38.3) 		8.3
(46.9) 		12.0
(53.6) 		16.0
(60.8) 		17.8
(64.0) 		15.4
(59.7) 		9.5
(49.1) 		3.2
(37.8) 		−3.3
(26.1) 		5.7
(42.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −13.0
(8.6) 		−13.0
(8.6) 		−7.2
(19.0) 		−1.8
(28.8) 		3.3
(37.9) 		8.3
(46.9) 		12.8
(55.0) 		14.6
(58.3) 		11.0
(51.8) 		3.6
(38.5) 		−2.8
(27.0) 		−9.5
(14.9) 		0.5
(32.9)
Record low °C (°F) −26.5
(−15.7) 		−29.2
(−20.6) 		−20.8
(−5.4) 		−14.6
(5.7) 		−7.2
(19.0) 		−1.9
(28.6) 		2.9
(37.2) 		5.3
(41.5) 		−0.5
(31.1) 		−6.5
(20.3) 		−13.4
(7.9) 		−22.9
(−9.2) 		−29.2
(−20.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 38.3
(1.51) 		25.6
(1.01) 		53.9
(2.12) 		82.2
(3.24) 		123.1
(4.85) 		113.3
(4.46) 		132.5
(5.22) 		148.9
(5.86) 		170.4
(6.71) 		119.6
(4.71) 		63.6
(2.50) 		55.0
(2.17) 		1,119.1
(44.06)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 77
(30) 		71
(28) 		78
(31) 		14
(5.5) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		8
(3.1) 		49
(19) 		298
(117)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 5.0 4.3 7.2 8.8 10.3 9.5 11.0 11.6 10.8 8.6 8.1 6.6 101.8
Average snowy days (≥ 3 cm) 9.4 9.4 10.6 1.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9 5.8 38
Mean monthly sunshine hours 187.0 183.4 197.4 182.2 172.1 128.7 112.7 123.0 140.8 174.3 170.0 177.6 1,949.2
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency[2][3]

Economy[edit]

Shiranuka is historically a fishing and farming town: many of its inhabitants are still employed in those areas. Local amenities and the civil service also provide a number of jobs.

Education[edit]

Shiranuka has a number of kindergartens, an elementary school, a junior high school and a high school. Many junior school students opt to go to high school in Kushiro. The town board of education also covers schools in nearby Shoro and Charo villages.

Cuisine[edit]

Like Hokkaido as a whole, perhaps Shiranuka's greatest claim to fame is its culinary offerings. The town has a large population of Sika deer,[4] which are consequently something of a local delicacy along with the sea produce brought in by local fishermen.

Transport links[edit]

Shiranuka is linked to nearby Kushiro by road Route 38, as well as regular bus and train services. A regular train from Shiranuka reaches Sapporo in just under 4 hours; Nemuro and Obihiro are both roughly 2-hour train journeys away.

Tourism[edit]

Although not a common tourist destination in itself, Shiranuka is well placed for nearby attractions. Kushiro wetlands have become famous in Japan since the recovery of the crane population, and Akan National Park is approximately an hours drive from the town. Shiretoko National Park (one of Japan's three World Natural Heritage Sites) is slightly further, but still accessible within 3 hours by car.

Mascots[edit]

Milkcook and Kurobe Happy, the town's mascots

Shiranuka's mascots is Koita-kun (コイタくん) and Meika-chan (メイカちゃん). They met in Shiranuka Koitoi Michi-no-Eki.[5]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2009-03-24.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  2. ^ 観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）. JMA. Retrieved March 3, 2022.
  3. ^ 気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）. JMA. Retrieved March 3, 2022.
  4. ^ Campos-Arceiz, Ahimsa; Takatsuki, Seiki (2004). "Food habits of sika deer in the Shiranuka Hills, eastern Hokkaido: a northern example from the north?south variations in food habits in sika deer". Ecological Research. 20 (2): 129–133. doi:10.1007/s11284-004-0019-4. S2CID 36798323.
  5. ^ "コイタくん・メイカちゃんのプロフィール（白糠町）". Kawaii Hokkaido.

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shiranuka,_Hokkaido&oldid=1188773375"