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{{Short description|Japanese linguist and essayist}}
{{Japanese name|Shinmura}}
{{Infobox person
⚫
{{Nihongo|'''Shinmura Izuru'''|新村出||extra=October 4, 1876-August 17, 1967}} is a [[Japan|Japanese]] [[Linguistics|linguist]] and [[Essay|essayist]]. His is best known for his many contributions to [[Kokugogaku|Japanese linguistics]] and [[lexicography]]. In honor of him, [[Shinmura Izuru Prize]] is annually awarded to contributions to Linguistics.
| name = Shinmura Izuru
| image = Izuru Sinmura.jpg
| image_size =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{birth date|1876|10|4}}
| birth_place = {{JPN}} [[Yamaguchi prefecture]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1967|8|17|1876|10|4}}
| death_place =
| restingplace =
| othername = 新村 出
| occupation = linguist
| yearsactive =
| spouse =
| relatives =
}}
{{family name hatnote|Shinmura|lang=Japanese}}
⚫
{{Nihongo|'''Shinmura Izuru'''|新村 出||extra=October 4, 1876 – August 17, 1967}} was a Japanese [[Linguistics|linguist]] and [[essay]]ist. He is best known for his many contributions to [[Kokugogaku|Japanese linguistics]] and [[lexicography]]. In honor of him, the [[Shinmura Izuru Prize]] is annually awarded for contributions to linguistics.


== Background ==
== Background ==
Shinmura was born in [[Yamaguchi prefecture]] on October 4, 1876. He graduated from the [[University of Tokyo|Tōkyō Imperial University]] in 1899 where he studied [[philology]] under the instruction of [[Ueda Kazutoshi]]. Between 1906 and 1909 he studied abroad in [[England]], [[Germany]], and [[France]] where he studied linguistics. In 1919 he received a [[Doctor of Letters]].
Shinmura was born in [[Yamaguchi Prefecture|Yamaguchi prefecture]] on October 4, 1876. He graduated from the [[University of Tokyo|Tokyo Imperial University]] in 1899 where he studied [[philology]] under the instruction of [[Ueda Kazutoshi]]. Between 1906 and 1909 he studied abroad in [[England]], [[Germany]], and [[France]] where he studied linguistics. In 1919 he received a [[Doctor of Letters]].


== Career ==
== Career ==
In 1902, Shimura taught at Tōkyō Higher Normal School, and in 1904 at Tōkyō Imperial University. After returning from studying abroad, he taught at [[Kyoto University|Kyōto Imperial University]] for a number of years.
In 1902, Shimura taught at Tokyo Higher Normal School, and in 1904 at Tokyo Imperial University. After returning from studying abroad, he taught at [[Kyoto University|Kyoto Imperial University]] for a number of years.


Shinmura introduced western linguists to Japan and created the fundamental framework upon which modern [[Kokugogaku]] rests. His research included a study of the historical development of the Japanese language, a comparative study of Japanese with the neighboring languages, and etymology. He also made important contributions to the study of 16-17th century [[Kirishitan|Christian]] missionaries in Japan.<ref name="Nikkoku">Nihon Kokugo Daijiten (2000-2002)</ref><ref name="Daijiten">Nihon Rekishi Daijiten (2000)</ref><ref name="Britannica">Britannica (2007))</ref><ref name="MyPedia">My Pedia (2004))</ref>
Shinmura introduced western linguists to Japan and created the fundamental foundation of modern Japanese linguistics. His research included a study of the historical development of the [[Japanese language]], a comparative study of Japanese with neighboring languages, and etymology. He also made important contributions to the study of 16–17th-century [[Kirishitan|Christian]] missionaries in Japan.<ref name="Nikkoku">Nihon Kokugo Daijiten (2000-2002)</ref><ref name="Daijiten">Nihon Rekishi Daijiten (2000)</ref><ref name="Britannica">Britannica (2007)</ref><ref name="MyPedia">My Pedia (2004)</ref>


During his career, Shinmura compiled a number of [[Japanese dictionary|Japanese dictionaries]]: [[Jien]], [[Genrin]], and [[Kōjien]] for which he is most known for.<ref name="Daijiten" /><ref name="Britannica" />
During his career, Shinmura compiled a number of [[Japanese dictionary|Japanese dictionaries]]: {{nihongo|''Jien''|辞苑||lit. "Garden of words"}} in 1935, {{nihongo|''Genrin''|言林||lit. "Forest of words"}} in 1949, and {{nihongo|''[[Kōjien]]''|広辞苑||lit. "Wide garden of words"}} in 1955, for which he is most known.<ref name="Daijiten" /><ref name="Britannica" />


In 1956 Shinmura was awarded the [[Order of Culture]] for his many contributions.<ref name="Nikkoku" /><ref name="Daijiten" /><ref name="Britannica" />
In 1956 Shinmura was awarded the [[Order of Culture]] for his many contributions.<ref name="Nikkoku" /><ref name="Daijiten" /><ref name="Britannica" />


== Major works ==
== Major works ==
* ''Nanban Sarasa'', Kaizōsha,, 1924
* ''Nanban Sarasa'', Kaizōsha, 1924
* ''Nanban Kōki'', Iwanami Shoten, 1925
* ''Nanban Kōki'', Iwanami Shoten, 1925
* ''Tōhō Gengoshi Sōkō'', Iwanami Shoten, 1927
* ''Tōhō Gengoshi Sōkō'', Iwanami Shoten, 1927
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| volume = 7
| volume = 7
| publisher = [[Shogakukan|Shōgakukan]]
| publisher = [[Shogakukan|Shōgakukan]]
| year = 2000-2002
| year = 2000–2002
| language = Japanese
| language = Japanese
| id = 10-ISBN 4-09-521007-9 }}
| isbn = 4-09-521007-9 }}
* {{cite book
* {{cite book
| title = Nihon Rekishi Daijiten
| title = Nihon Rekishi Daijiten
| volume = 2
| volume = 2
| publisher = [[Shogakukan|Shōgakukan]]
| publisher = [[Shogakukan|Shōgakukan]]
| year = 2000-2001
| year = 2000–2001
| language = Japanese
| language = Japanese
| id = 10-ISBN 4-09-523002-9 }}
| isbn = 4-09-523002-9 }}

{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Shinmura, Izuru}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Shinmura, Izuru}}
[[Category:Japanese linguists]]
[[Category:Linguists from Japan]]
[[Category:Japanese essayists]]
[[Category:Japanese essayists]]
[[Category:Japanese Esperantists]]
[[Category:Japanese Esperantists]]
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[[Category:Japanese expatriates in Germany]]
[[Category:Japanese expatriates in Germany]]
[[Category:Japanese expatriates in France]]
[[Category:Japanese expatriates in France]]
[[Category:Order of Culture recipients]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of Culture]]
[[Category:Kyoto University faculty]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Kyoto University]]
[[Category:University of Tokyo alumni]]
[[Category:University of Tokyo alumni]]
[[Category:People from Yamaguchi Prefecture]]
[[Category:People from Yamaguchi Prefecture]]
[[Category:1876 births]]
[[Category:1876 births]]
[[Category:1967 deaths]]
[[Category:1967 deaths]]

[[ja:新村出]]

Latest revision as of 18:18, 8 February 2023

Shinmura Izuru
Born(1876-10-04)October 4, 1876
 Japan Yamaguchi prefecture
DiedAugust 17, 1967(1967-08-17) (aged 90)
Other names新村 出
Occupationlinguist
In this Japanese name, the surname is Shinmura.

Shinmura Izuru (新村 出, October 4, 1876 – August 17, 1967) was a Japanese linguist and essayist. He is best known for his many contributions to Japanese linguistics and lexicography. In honor of him, the Shinmura Izuru Prize is annually awarded for contributions to linguistics.

Background[edit]

Shinmura was born in Yamaguchi prefecture on October 4, 1876. He graduated from the Tokyo Imperial University in 1899 where he studied philology under the instruction of Ueda Kazutoshi. Between 1906 and 1909 he studied abroad in England, Germany, and France where he studied linguistics. In 1919 he received a Doctor of Letters.

Career[edit]

In 1902, Shimura taught at Tokyo Higher Normal School, and in 1904 at Tokyo Imperial University. After returning from studying abroad, he taught at Kyoto Imperial University for a number of years.

Shinmura introduced western linguists to Japan and created the fundamental foundation of modern Japanese linguistics. His research included a study of the historical development of the Japanese language, a comparative study of Japanese with neighboring languages, and etymology. He also made important contributions to the study of 16–17th-century Christian missionaries in Japan.[1][2][3][4]

During his career, Shinmura compiled a number of Japanese dictionaries: Jien (辞苑, lit. "Garden of words") in 1935, Genrin (言林, lit. "Forest of words") in 1949, and Kōjien (広辞苑, lit. "Wide garden of words") in 1955, for which he is most known.[2][3]

In 1956 Shinmura was awarded the Order of Culture for his many contributions.[1][2][3]

Major works[edit]

  • Nanban Sarasa, Kaizōsha, 1924
  • Nanban Kōki, Iwanami Shoten, 1925
  • Tōhō Gengoshi Sōkō, Iwanami Shoten, 1927
  • Tōa Gogen Shi, Oka Shoin, 1930
  • Genrin, Zenkoku Shobō, 1949
  • Kōjien, Iwanami Shoten, 1955

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ a b Nihon Kokugo Daijiten (2000-2002)
  2. ^ a b c Nihon Rekishi Daijiten (2000)
  3. ^ a b c Britannica (2007)
  4. ^ My Pedia (2004)

References[edit]

  • Encyclopædia Britannica (in Japanese). Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 2007.
  • My Pedia (in Japanese). Heibonsha. 2004.
  • Nihon Kokugo Daijiten (in Japanese). Vol. 7. Shōgakukan. 2000–2002. ISBN 4-09-521007-9.
  • Nihon Rekishi Daijiten (in Japanese). Vol. 2. Shōgakukan. 2000–2001. ISBN 4-09-523002-9.
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