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{{Short description|Private university in Minato, Tokyo, Japan}}
{{Short description|Private university in Minato, Tokyo, Japan}}
{{Advert|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox university
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{{nihongo|'''Keio University'''|慶應義塾大学|Keiō Gijuku Daigaku}}, abbreviated as {{nihongo|'''Keio'''|慶應}} or {{nihongo|'''Keidai'''|慶大}}, is a [[private university|private]] [[research university]] located in [[Minato, Tokyo]], Japan.
'''Keio University''' (慶應義塾大学, ''Keiō Gijuku Daigaku''), abbreviated as '''Keio''' (慶應) or '''Keidai''' (慶大), is a [[Private university|private]] [[research university]] located in [[Minato, Tokyo]], Japan.


It is the oldest institute of western higher education in Japan. Its founder, [[Fukuzawa Yukichi]], originally established it as a school for [[Rangaku|Western studies]] in 1858 in [[Edo]]. It was granted university status in 1920, becoming one of the first private universities in the country.
Keio University is the oldest institute of western higher education in Japan. Its founder, [[Fukuzawa Yukichi]], originally established it as a school for [[Rangaku|Western studies]] in 1858 at [[Edo]]. It was granted university status in 1920, becoming the first private university of Japan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=History: Keio University |url=https://www.keio.ac.jp/en/about/history/ |access-date=2024-05-15 |website=www.keio.ac.jp |language=en}}</ref>


The university is one of the members of the [[Top Global University Project]] (Top Type), funded by the Japanese [[Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uni.international.mext.go.jp/university_list/Index/ |title=Member University List |website=Global 30 |access-date=2021-01-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821171521/http://www.uni.international.mext.go.jp/university_list/Index/ |archive-date=2016-08-21}}</ref> Keio University is also one of the member universities of [[RU11]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ru11.jp/eng/|title=Research University 11}}</ref> and [[APRU]], and it is one of two Japanese universities (alongside the [[University of Tokyo]]) to be a member of the [[World Economic Forum]]'s [[Global University Leaders Forum]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GULF_Members_18.pdf|title=Global University Leaders Forum (GULF) Members|access-date=16 Jan 2020}}</ref>
The university is one of the members of the [[Top Global University Project]] (Top Type), funded by the Japanese [[Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology]]. Keio University is also one of the member universities of [[RU11]] and [[APRU]], and is one of only two Japanese universities (alongside the [[University of Tokyo]]) to be a member of the [[World Economic Forum]]'s [[Global University Leaders Forum]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Global Engagement: Keio University |url=https://www.keio.ac.jp/en/about/global/ |access-date=2024-05-15 |website=www.keio.ac.jp |language=en}}</ref>

Its alumni includes three former prime ministers, two astronauts, six international honorary members of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]], and a [[Wolf Prize]] winner. Keio University also produced the largest number of CEOs of companies listed in the first section of the [[Tokyo Stock Exchange]], along with the highest number of executives in all Japanese listed corporations.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-07 |title=慶應出身社長「経営力」ランキング【現役327人】業績や財務で判明した完全序列 |url=https://diamond.jp/articles/-/312302 |access-date=2024-05-15 |website=ダイヤモンド・オンライン |language=ja}}</ref>


==Overview==
==Overview==
[[File:福澤諭吉先生像慶応日吉.jpg|thumb|right|The founder of Keio [[Fukuzawa Yukichi]]'s statue on Hiyoshi campus.]]
[[File:福澤諭吉先生像慶応日吉.jpg|thumb|right|The founder of Keio [[Fukuzawa Yukichi]]'s statue on Hiyoshi campus.]]
[[File:Keio University Mita Campus East Research Building-1.jpg|thumb|right|East Research Building in [[Mita, Minato, Tokyo|Mita]]]]
[[File:Keio University Mita Campus East Research Building-1.jpg|thumb|right|East Research Building in [[Mita, Minato, Tokyo|Mita]]]]
Keio traces its history to 1858 when [[Fukuzawa Yukichi]], who had studied the Western educational system at [[Brown University]] in the United States, started to teach Dutch while he was a guest of the Okudaira family. In 1868 he changed the name of the school to Keio Gijuku and devoted his time to education. While Keio's initial identity was that of a private school of Western studies, it expanded and established its first university faculty in 1890. It was the first Japanese university to reach its 150th anniversary in 2008.{{cn|date=May 2024}}
Keio traces its history to 1858 when [[Fukuzawa Yukichi]], who had studied the Western educational system at [[Brown University]] in the United States, started to teach Dutch while he was a guest of the Okudaira family. In 1868 he changed the name of the school to Keio Gijuku and devoted all his time to education. While Keio's initial identity was that of a private school of Western studies, it expanded and established its first university faculty in 1890, and became known as a leading institute in Japanese higher education. It was the first Japanese university to reach its 150th anniversary, celebrating this anniversary in 2008.

Keio has leading research centres. It has approximately 30 Research Centres located on its five main campuses and at other facilities for advanced research in Japan.<ref name="ogi.keio.ac.jp"/> Keio University Research Institute at SFC (KRIS) has joined the [[MIT]] and the French [[INRIA]] in hosting the international [[World Wide Web Consortium|W3C]].<ref name="INRIA">{{cite web |url=http://www.w3.org/Press/Keio-PR.html |title=Keio University joins MIT and INRIA in hosting W3C |last1=Abramatic |first1=Jean-Francois |last2=Vezza |first2=Albert |date=September 9, 1996 |access-date=January 20, 2021}}</ref>

=== Mission ===
In his speech at an alumni gathering on November 1, 1896, Fukuzawa stated the mission of Keio as follows:<blockquote>''Keio Gijuku shouldn't be satisfied with being just one educational institution.''

→ ''Its mission is expected to be a model of the nobility of intelligence and virtue,''

''→ to make clear how it can be applied to its family, society, and nation,''

''→ and to take an actual action of this statement.''

''→ It expects all students to be leaders in society by the practice of this mission.''</blockquote>These sentences were given to students as his will and considered as the simple expression of Keio's actual mission.

=== Academic culture ===
As Japan's earliest private tertiary institution, Keio University is known for being the first in Japan to introduce many modern educational practices.

Keio is the earliest Japanese institution that introduced a fixated annual course fee, personally designed by Fukuzawa. It also introduced the culture of speech to Japan, which Japan had never had before. This is evident in the construction of Japan's earliest speech house, Mita Speech House in 1875. In 1881, Keio was the first Japanese university to enrol international students, accepting 2 students from Korea. Later, 60 Korean students entered in 1883 and 130 Korean students in 1895.

Keio addresses "Independence and self-respect (独立自尊, ''Dokuritsu Jison'')" as a foundation of its education. It symbolises for physical and mental independence, along with self-respect while being virtuous. It is regarded as Fukuzawa's nature and essence of educational philosophy.

Learning half and teaching half (半学半教, ''Hangaku Hankyo'') is another unique trait established at Keio University. During the late [[Edo period]] and early [[Meiji period]], several private prep schools often used students as assistant teachers, following the principal of "Learning half and teaching half". In the early periods, schools of Western studies offered many things to learn for both students and professors themselves. Hence there had been occasions when students who had learned in advance had taught other students and even professors. After the proper legal systems for education had been set up, such circumstances disappeared. However, Fukuzawa believed the essence of academia was to encourage a continuous learning process, and that increased knowledge provided more learning opportunities. Keio University embraces this belief and established the "Rules in Keio Gijuku (慶應義塾社中之約束, ''Keio Gijuku Shachu no Yakusoku'')", which states that there shouldn't be any hierarchy between teachers and learners, and that all members of Keio Gijuku are a united entity. For this reason, the university has a culture in which all lecturers and professors are officially called with the honorific of [[Japanese honorifics#Kun|"Kun"]] but never "teacher" or "professor".


Collaboration in a company (社中の協力, ''Shachu no Kyoryoku'') is also a unique strength of Keio University. In 1879, Fukuzawa stated that Keio's success originates from it's high level of engagement with internal collaboration, and thus the slogan of "collaboration in a company". Keio members often believe that any person related to the Keio organisation (e.g. professors, students, alumni and their family members) as part of their inner circle, and should offer their best in assisting one another like brothers or sisters. This culture is especially evident in the university's alumni organisation Mita-Kai, well known as one of Japan's strongest and most influential alumni network.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-12-27 |title=これが全貌!慶応「三田会」が最強である理由 |url=https://toyokeizai.net/articles/-/257386 |access-date=2024-05-15 |website=東洋経済オンライン |language=ja}}</ref>
Keio has approximately 30 Research Centres located on its five main campuses and at other facilities for advanced research in Japan.<ref name="ogi.keio.ac.jp"/> Keio University Research Institute at SFC (KRIS) has joined the [[MIT]] and the French [[INRIA]] in hosting the international [[World Wide Web Consortium|W3C]].<ref name="INRIA">{{cite web |url=http://www.w3.org/Press/Keio-PR.html |title=Keio University joins MIT and INRIA in hosting W3C |last1=Abramatic |first1=Jean-Francois |last2=Vezza |first2=Albert |date=September 9, 1996 |access-date=January 20, 2021}}</ref>


As of June 2022, Keio University holds the largest endowment fund among all Japanese universities, with ¥78 billion. This is followed by [[Waseda University]] at ¥29 billion, [[Kyoto University]] at ¥20 billion and the [[University of Tokyo]] at ¥15 billion.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Otake |first=Tomoko |date=2022-06-22 |title=Will a ¥10 trillion fund be the savior of Japan’s universities? |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2022/06/22/national/endowment-fund-research-academic-culture/ |access-date=2024-05-14 |website=The Japan Times |language=en}}</ref>
As of June 2022, Keio University holds the largest endowment fund among all Japanese universities, with ¥78 billion. This is followed by [[Waseda University]] at ¥29 billion, [[Kyoto University]] at ¥20 billion and the [[University of Tokyo]] at ¥15 billion.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Otake |first=Tomoko |date=2022-06-22 |title=Will a ¥10 trillion fund be the savior of Japan’s universities? |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2022/06/22/national/endowment-fund-research-academic-culture/ |access-date=2024-05-14 |website=The Japan Times |language=en}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
[[File:Keio University Tokyo 1869.jpg|right|thumb|Keio Gijuku in [[Tsukiji]] in 1869]]{{nihongo|Keio University|慶應義塾大学|Keiō Gijuku Daigaku}} was first established in 1858 as a [[:ja:蘭学塾|School of Western studies]] located in one of the [[:ja:江戸藩邸|mansion houses]] at [[Tsukiji]] by founder [[Fukuzawa Yukichi]].<ref name="history 5">{{cite web |title=Dictionary of Keio No.4 The origin of Keio |publisher=Keio University |url=http://www.keio.ac.jp/ja/contents/mamehyakka/4.html |access-date=October 10, 2011 |language=ja |archive-date=March 19, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160319062938/http://www.keio.ac.jp/ja/contents/mamehyakka/4.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Its root is considered as the [[Han school]] for [[Kokugaku]] studies named [[:ja:進脩館|Shinshu Kan]] established in 1796.{{cn|date=May 2024}} It later changed its name to "Keio Gijuku" in 1868, which originated from the era name "Keio"<ref>1868 is 4th year of Keio</ref>, with "Gijuku" as the translation of [[wikt:private school|Private school]].<ref name="history 6">{{cite web|title=Dictionary of Keio No.7 The root of the school name|publisher=Keio University|url=http://www.keio.ac.jp/ja/contents/mamehyakka/7.html|access-date=October 10, 2011|language=ja|archive-date=June 8, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100608195839/http://www.keio.ac.jp/ja/contents/mamehyakka/7.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> It moved to its current location in 1871, established a [[:ja:慶應義塾医学所|Medical school]] in 1873, along with the university department of Economics, Law and Literacy studies in 1890.{{cn|date=May 2024}}
{{nihongo|'''Keio University'''|慶應義塾大学|Keiō Gijuku Daigaku}} was first established in 1858 as a [[:ja:蘭学塾|School of Western studies]] located in one of the [[:ja:江戸藩邸|mansion houses]] at [[Tsukiji]] by founder [[Fukuzawa Yukichi]].<ref name="history 5">{{cite web |title=Dictionary of Keio No.4 The origin of Keio |publisher=Keio University |url=http://www.keio.ac.jp/ja/contents/mamehyakka/4.html |access-date=October 10, 2011 |language=ja |archive-date=March 19, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160319062938/http://www.keio.ac.jp/ja/contents/mamehyakka/4.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Its root is considered as the [[Han school]] for [[Kokugaku]] studies named [[:ja:進脩館|Shinshu Kan]] established in 1796.<ref>Although Shinshu Kan did not have a direct relation to Keio, Many people who studied or managed there were involved with Keio later. In fact, all students from [[Nakatsu Domain]] moved to Keio when it was closed.</ref> It later changed its name to "Keio Gijuku" in 1868, which originated from the era name "Keio"<ref>1868 is 4th year of Keio</ref>, with "Gijuku" as the translation of [[wikt:private school|Private school]].<ref name="history 6">{{cite web|title=Dictionary of Keio No.7 The root of the school name|publisher=Keio University|url=http://www.keio.ac.jp/ja/contents/mamehyakka/7.html|access-date=October 10, 2011|language=ja|archive-date=June 8, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100608195839/http://www.keio.ac.jp/ja/contents/mamehyakka/7.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> It moved to it's current location in 1871, established a [[:ja:慶應義塾医学所|Medical school]] in 1873, along with the university department of Economics, Law and Literacy studies in 1890.<ref>Although Keio had been already involved in higher education, it had not had a university system before 1890. It was authorized as a university by the Japanese government in 1920.</ref>[[File:Keio University Tokyo 1869.jpg|right|thumb|Keio Gijuku in [[Tsukiji]] in 1869]][[File:Keio University Library,1912.jpg|right|thumb|Keio University in May 1912]]

{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
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| 1858 || Establishment of Keio Gijuku
| 1858 || Establishment of Keio Gijuku
|-
|-
| 1879 || Keio rejected an offer to become a national university.<ref> At the beginning of [[Meiji period]], there was an ethical sense that Samurai should not work for more than one master. Keio was established by the fund of [[Tokugawa shogunate]], so it was hard to work for the new government in this sense. Fukuzawa in fact criticized severely [[Katsu Kaishū|Kaishū Katsu]] and [[Enomoto Takeaki|Takeaki Enomoto]] who worked for both Tokugawa and the new government (see [[:ja:福澤諭吉#福澤と勝海舟|Fukuzawa Yukichi]]). His strict viewpoint prevented Keio to set up a political department and kept many Keio graduate away from politics for a long time. It is also one of the clear differences from Waseda which has been positively involved in politics for a long time.</ref><br />Instead of that, it became a vocational school funded by ''[[daimyō]]s'' including [[Shimazu clan]].
| 1879 || Keio rejected an offer to become a national university.{{cn|date=May 2024}} Instead, it became a vocational school funded by ''[[daimyō]]s'' including [[Shimazu clan]].
|-
|-
| 1890 || Departments of Economics, Law, and Letters established
| 1890 || Departments of Economics, Law, and Letters established
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|}
|}


In 1886, Keio University named [[:ja:渡辺洪基|Hiromoto Watanabe]] as the first chancellor of the Imperial University ([[University of Tokyo]]). Watanabe was the first chancellor of an officially authorised university in Japan.{cn}} In 1899, Keio sent 6 students to study abroad. In the same year, it also accepted three international students from India, [[Qing dynasty|Qing-dynasty China]], and [[Thailand]]. Eight international students entered from [[Taiwan]] (which had technically been a territory of the Japanese Empire since [[Japanese invasion of Taiwan (1895)|1895]]) the following year. In 1946, Keio University began accepting female students.{{cn|date=May 2024}} In 2006, a paper was published in the research journal ''Science'' with an undergraduate as its first listed author.<ref name="student science 1">{{cite web |title=A paper written by the 4th year student of the Faculty of Science and Technology was placed in "Science": Keio University Science and Technology |url=http://www.st.keio.ac.jp/english/news/20060317_01.html |access-date=October 10, 2011 |publisher=Keio University}}</ref>
In 1886, Keio University named [[:ja:渡辺洪基|Hiromoto Watanabe]] as the first chancellor of the Imperial University ([[University of Tokyo]]). Watanabe was the first chancellor of an officially authorised university in Japan. In 1899, Keio sent 6 students to study abroad. In the same year, it also accepted three international students from India, [[Qing dynasty|Qing-dynasty China]], and [[Thailand]]. Eight international students entered from [[Taiwan]] (which had technically been a territory of the Japanese Empire since [[Japanese invasion of Taiwan (1895)|1895]]) the following year. In 1946, Keio University began accepting female students. In 2006, a paper was published in the research journal ''Science'' with an undergraduate as its first listed author.<ref name="student science 1">{{cite web |title=A paper written by the 4th year student of the Faculty of Science and Technology was placed in "Science": Keio University Science and Technology |url=http://www.st.keio.ac.jp/english/news/20060317_01.html |access-date=October 10, 2011 |publisher=Keio University}}</ref>

In 1916, Keio was visited by Bengali poet [[Rabindranath Tagore]]. Another visit in 1922 included physicist [[Albert Einstein]], who presented a special lecture on the [[theory of relativity]].<ref name="visitors 1">{{cite web|url=http://www.keio.ac.jp/en/keio_in_depth/keio_view/2007/01.html |title=Vol1. Famous Visitors to Keio University |publisher=Keio University |access-date=October 10, 2011}}</ref><ref name="student science 2">{{cite web|url=http://www.st.keio.ac.jp/news/20060316_001.html |title=A paper written by the 4th year student of the Faculty of Science and Technology was placed in "Science": Keio University Science and Technology |publisher=Keio University |access-date=October 10, 2011|language=ja}}</ref> In 2008, Keio University was visited by [[Charles, Prince of Wales|Prince Charles]]. In 2023, [[Sam Altman]] provided a lecture on campus.{{cn|date=May 2024}}

[[File:Keio University Library,1912.jpg|right|thumb|Keio University in May 1912]]


Keio University has been visited by many distinguished guests and professionals over its history. In 1916, Keio was visited by Bengali poet [[Rabindranath Tagore]]. Another visit in 1922 included famous physicist [[Albert Einstein]], who presented a special lecture on the [[theory of relativity]].<ref name="visitors 1">{{cite web|url=http://www.keio.ac.jp/en/keio_in_depth/keio_view/2007/01.html |title=Vol1. Famous Visitors to Keio University |publisher=Keio University |access-date=October 10, 2011}}</ref><ref name="student science 2">{{cite web|url=http://www.st.keio.ac.jp/news/20060316_001.html |title=A paper written by the 4th year student of the Faculty of Science and Technology was placed in "Science": Keio University Science and Technology |publisher=Keio University |access-date=October 10, 2011|language=ja}}</ref> In 2008, Keio University was visited by [[Charles, Prince of Wales|Prince Charles]]. In 2023, [[Sam Altman]] visited Keio University to speak with students and faculty.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Open Dialogue Session Held Between OpenAI CEO Sam Altman and Keio Students: Keio University |url=https://www.keio.ac.jp/en/news/2023/Jun/20/48-139252/ |access-date=2024-05-15 |website=www.keio.ac.jp |language=en}}</ref>
==Presidents==
==Presidents==
Since the president system was established in 1881, Keio University has had 20 presidents.<ref>{{cite web|title=Presidents in Keio|publisher=Keio University|url=http://www.keio.ac.jp/ja/about_keio/history/president/index.html|access-date=October 10, 2011|language=ja|archive-date=March 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083750/http://www.keio.ac.jp/ja/about_keio/history/president/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
Since the president system was established in 1881, Keio University has had 20 presidents.<ref>{{cite web|title=Presidents in Keio|publisher=Keio University|url=http://www.keio.ac.jp/ja/about_keio/history/president/index.html|access-date=October 10, 2011|language=ja|archive-date=March 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083750/http://www.keio.ac.jp/ja/about_keio/history/president/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
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==Student body==
==Student body==
{{update section|date=June 2023}}
{{update section|date=June 2023}}
In 2021, there were 33,469 students at Keio University, with 28,667 undergraduate students and 4,802 graduate students. Although two-thirds of the student body are males, the gender ratio differs between different majors (e.g. 56% of students are female in the Faculty of Letters, whereas in the School of Medicine, three-quarters of students are men.).<ref name="Student Enrollment" />
In 2021, there are 33,469 students at Keio University, with 28,667 undergraduate students and 4,802 graduate students. Although two-thirds of the student body are males, the gender ratio differs between different majors (e.g. 56% of students are female in the Faculty of Letters. On the other hand, in the School of Medicine, three-quarters of students are men.).<ref name="Student Enrollment" />

{| style="text-align:center; font-size:85%; margin-left:2em; margin:auto;" class="wikitable"
{| style="text-align:center; font-size:85%; margin-left:2em; margin:auto;" class="wikitable"
|+ ''Demographics of student body in 2021''<ref name="Student Enrollment" /><ref name="International Student">{{cite web|url=https://www.ic.keio.ac.jp/data/|title=留学生数(Number of International Student): May 1, 2021|publisher=慶應義塾大学国際センター|access-date=2021-10-30|language=ja|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030181726/https://www.ic.keio.ac.jp/data/|archive-date=2021-10-30|url-status=live}}</ref>
|+ ''Demographics of student body in 2021''<ref name="Student Enrollment" /><ref name="International Student">{{cite web|url=https://www.ic.keio.ac.jp/data/|title=留学生数(Number of International Student): May 1, 2021|publisher=慶應義塾大学国際センター|access-date=2021-10-30|language=ja|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030181726/https://www.ic.keio.ac.jp/data/|archive-date=2021-10-30|url-status=live}}</ref>
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| style="text-align:right" | 874 || colspan="3" | 861 || style="text-align:right" | 1,735
| style="text-align:right" | 874 || colspan="3" | 861 || style="text-align:right" | 1,735
|}
|}

There were 1,908 international students on May 1, 2021, with 874 undergraduate students (3.1% of total undergraduate students (=28,667)), 861 graduate students (18.0% of total graduate students (=4,802) ) and 173 other students.<ref name="International Student" /> China provided the most international students with 1,016, followed by South Korea (436), France (66), Taiwan (51), the United States (36), Indonesia (34), and Germany (29).<ref name="International Student" />
There are 1,908 international students on May 1, 2021, with 874 undergraduate students (3.1% of total undergraduate students (=28,667)), 861 graduate students (18.0% of total graduate students (=4,802) ) and 173 other students.<ref name="International Student" /> China is the country which provides the most international students with 1,016, followed by South Korea (436), France (66), Taiwan (51), the United States (36), Indonesia (34), and Germany (29).<ref name="International Student" />


==Student life==
==Student life==
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===Societies===
===Societies===
In Japanese universities, student societies are known as "circles". There are over 410 circles at Keio University by estimate, including both official and unofficial circles.<ref>{{cite web |title=Keio Campus city|publisher=Campus city |url=http://keio.campuscity.jp/|access-date=October 10, 2011|language=ja}}</ref>
In Japanese universities, student societies are known as "circles". Although the exact number is not clear, there are over 410 circles at Keio University by estimate, including both official and unofficial circles.<ref>{{cite web |title=Keio Campus city|publisher=Campus city |url=http://keio.campuscity.jp/|access-date=October 10, 2011|language=ja}}</ref> Circles may range from athletics, academic, cultural, recreational and more.


===Athletics===
===Athletics===
The interest of Keio's students in [[baseball]] stretches back to the early years of the 20th century. In 1913, an American touring team of players from the New York Giants and the Chicago White Sox played an exhibition game against the Keio team.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9E02E6D9103FE633A2575BC0A9649D946296D6CF |title=Americans Defeat Great Jap Pitcher; Sugase, Idolized at Keio University, Easy for Giants and White Sox |author=McGraw, John J. |date=December 8, 1913 |work= The New York Times |access-date=October 10, 2011}}</ref> In a 1932 exhibition game, the Keio team beat the University of Michigan team, which was then touring Japan.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1932/09/11/archives/michigan-nine-touring-japan-loses-to-keio-university-21.html?sq=keio%2520university&scp=3&st=cse |title=Michigan Nine, Touring Japan, Loses to Keio University, 2-1 |date=September 11, 1932 |work= The New York Times |access-date=October 10, 2011}}</ref>
The interest of Keio's students in [[baseball]] stretches back to the early years of the 20th century. In 1913, an American touring team of players from the New York Giants and the Chicago White Sox played an exhibition game against the Keio team.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9E02E6D9103FE633A2575BC0A9649D946296D6CF |title=Americans Defeat Great Jap Pitcher; Sugase, Idolized at Keio University, Easy for Giants and White Sox |author=McGraw, John J. |date=December 8, 1913 |work= The New York Times |access-date=October 10, 2011}}</ref> In a 1932 exhibition game, the Keio team beat the University of Michigan team, which was then touring Japan.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1932/09/11/archives/michigan-nine-touring-japan-loses-to-keio-university-21.html?sq=keio%2520university&scp=3&st=cse |title=Michigan Nine, Touring Japan, Loses to Keio University, 2-1 |date=September 11, 1932 |work= The New York Times |access-date=October 10, 2011}}</ref>
Keio's baseball team plays in the [[Tokyo Big6 Baseball League]].
Keio's baseball team plays in the [[Tokyo Big6 Baseball League]] (six prominent universities in the Tokyo area).


====Kei-So rivalry====
====Kei-So rivalry====
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=== Scandals ===
=== Scandals ===
In October 2016, six male students from Keio Advertisement Society, a long-standing student club known for its organisation of the ''Miss Keio'' pageant contest, were investigated for gang rape during a club activity.<ref>{{cite web |title=Police investigate students at Tokyo's Keio University over gang rape allegation |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2016/10/14/national/crime-legal/police-investigate-students-tokyos-keio-university-gang-rape-allegation/ |website=The Japan Times Online |access-date=20 January 2020 |date=14 October 2016}}</ref> An out-of-court settlement was reached and the students were not prosecuted.<ref>{{cite web |title=Prosecutors drop rape case against 6 Keio University students |url=https://japantoday.com/category/crime/prosecutors-drop-rape-case-against-6-keio-university-students |website=Japan Today |date=29 November 2017 |access-date=20 January 2020 }}</ref> In May 2018, another three students were arrested for sexual assaults.<ref>{{cite web |title=3 Keio University students arrested for sexually assaulting, robbing unconscious woman |url=https://japantoday.com/category/crime/3-keio-university-students-arrested-for-sexual-assaulting-robbing-unconscious-woman |website=Japan Today |date=21 November 2018 |access-date=20 January 2020 }}</ref>
In October 2016, six male students from Keio Advertisement Society, a long-standing student club famous for its organisation of the ''Miss Keio'' pageant contest, were investigated for gang rape during a club activity.<ref>{{cite web |title=Police investigate students at Tokyo's Keio University over gang rape allegation |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2016/10/14/national/crime-legal/police-investigate-students-tokyos-keio-university-gang-rape-allegation/ |website=The Japan Times Online |access-date=20 January 2020 |date=14 October 2016}}</ref> An out-of-court settlement was reached and the students were not prosecuted.<ref>{{cite web |title=Prosecutors drop rape case against 6 Keio University students |url=https://japantoday.com/category/crime/prosecutors-drop-rape-case-against-6-keio-university-students |website=Japan Today |date=29 November 2017 |access-date=20 January 2020 }}</ref> In May 2018, another three students were arrested for sexual assaults.<ref>{{cite web |title=3 Keio University students arrested for sexually assaulting, robbing unconscious woman |url=https://japantoday.com/category/crime/3-keio-university-students-arrested-for-sexual-assaulting-robbing-unconscious-woman |website=Japan Today |date=21 November 2018 |access-date=20 January 2020 }}</ref>


In March 2017, a student tennis club was disbanded after a student died of alcohol poisoning during a club activity. Two other Keio students died due to over-drinking in 2012 and 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title=慶応男子学生がサークル合宿の飲酒後に死亡 また今年も… |url=https://www.sankei.com/affairs/news/170418/afr1704180023-n1.html |website=産経ニュース |access-date=20 January 2020}}</ref>
In March 2017, a student tennis club was disbanded after a student died of alcohol poisoning during a club activity. Two other Keio students died due to over-drinking in 2012 and 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title=慶応男子学生がサークル合宿の飲酒後に死亡 また今年も… |url=https://www.sankei.com/affairs/news/170418/afr1704180023-n1.html |website=産経ニュース |access-date=20 January 2020}}</ref>


In June 2017, the school's election committee unconventionally selected Haseyama Akira, a legal history professor who won second place at the general election among teachers and staff, to be the school's new president, breaking a 50-year convention.<ref>{{cite web |title=慶応大塾長選、50年の歴史覆す落選を喫した教授 |url=https://business.nikkei.com/atcl/interview/15/279177/022600034/ |website=日経ビジネス電子版 |access-date=20 January 2020 |language=ja}}</ref>
In June 2017, the school's election committee unconventionally selected ''Haseyama Akira'', a legal history professor who only won second place at the general election among teachers and staff, to be the school's new president, breaking a 50-year convention.<ref>{{cite web |title=慶応大塾長選、50年の歴史覆す落選を喫した教授 |url=https://business.nikkei.com/atcl/interview/15/279177/022600034/ |website=日経ビジネス電子版 |access-date=20 January 2020 |language=ja}}</ref>


In late 2019, both the American football team and the cheerleading club suspended club activities for "inappropriate behaviours".<ref>{{cite web |title=慶大アメフット部を事実上の降格処分 関東学生連盟 部員の不適切行為で |url=https://mainichi.jp/articles/20191018/k00/00m/050/019000c |website=毎日新聞 |access-date=20 January 2020 |language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=慶応大、今度は応援指導部が「活動自粛」 「盗撮」報道との関係は?広報に聞いた |url=https://www.j-cast.com/2019/12/04374270.html |website=J-CASTニュース |access-date=20 January 2020 |date=4 December 2019 |language=ja}}</ref>
In late 2019, both the American football team and the cheerleading club suspended club activities for "inappropriate behaviours".<ref>{{cite web |title=慶大アメフット部を事実上の降格処分 関東学生連盟 部員の不適切行為で |url=https://mainichi.jp/articles/20191018/k00/00m/050/019000c |website=毎日新聞 |access-date=20 January 2020 |language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=慶応大、今度は応援指導部が「活動自粛」 「盗撮」報道との関係は?広報に聞いた |url=https://www.j-cast.com/2019/12/04374270.html |website=J-CASTニュース |access-date=20 January 2020 |date=4 December 2019 |language=ja}}</ref>
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===Research performance===
===Research performance===
According to [[Thomson Reuters]], Keio is the 10th best research university in Japan, the only private university within the Top 15.<ref name="Rankings_TR_N"/> In addition, [[:ja:週刊ダイヤモンド|Weekly Diamond]] reported that Keio has the 8th highest research standard in Japan in terms of research fundings per researchers in [[:ja:グローバルCOEプログラム|COE Program]], and it is also the only private university within Top 10.<ref>"週刊ダイヤモンド" ダイヤモンド社 2010/2/27 http://web.sapmed.ac.jp/kikaku/infomation/0227daiyamondokiji.pdf</ref> ''[[The Asahi Shimbun]]'' summarized the number of academic papers in Japanese major legal journals by the university, and Keio was ranked 2nd during 2005–2009.<ref name="Rankings_ASAHI_L"/> Accordingly, Keio is a prominent research university in Japan.
According to [[Thomson Reuters]], Keio is the 10th best research university in Japan, and it is the only private university within the Top 15.<ref name="Rankings_TR_N"/> In addition, [[:ja:週刊ダイヤモンド|Weekly Diamond]] reported that Keio has the 8th highest research standard in Japan in terms of research fundings per researchers in [[:ja:グローバルCOEプログラム|COE Program]], and it is also the only private university within Top 10.<ref>"週刊ダイヤモンド" ダイヤモンド社 2010/2/27 http://web.sapmed.ac.jp/kikaku/infomation/0227daiyamondokiji.pdf</ref> ''[[The Asahi Shimbun]]'' summarized the number of academic papers in Japanese major legal journals by the university, and Keio was ranked 2nd during 2005–2009.<ref name="Rankings_ASAHI_L"/> Accordingly, Keio is a prominent research university in Japan.


According to ''[[The Asahi Shimbun]]'', Keio's been ranked 7th in Japan in the economic research ranking during 2005–2009.<ref name="Asahi ranking">"University rankings 2011" ''The Asahi Shimbun''</ref> More recently, [[Repec]] in January 2011 ranked Keio's Economic department as Japan's 6th best economic research university.<ref name="repec1">{{cite web|url=https://ideas.repec.org/top/old/1101/top.japan.html|title=Within Country and State Rankings at IDEAS: Japan|access-date=15 July 2015}}</ref> Keio has provided 3 presidents of [[Japanese Economic Association]] in its 42-year history, and this number is 5th largest.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jeaweb.org/eng/AboutPresidents.html|title=Japanese Economic Association|access-date=15 July 2015}}</ref>
In economics, according to ''[[The Asahi Shimbun]]'', Keio's been ranked 7th in Japan in the economic research ranking during 2005–2009.<ref name="Asahi ranking">"University rankings 2011" ''The Asahi Shimbun''</ref> More recently, [[Repec]] in January 2011 ranked Keio's Economic department as Japan's 6th best economic research university.<ref name="repec1">{{cite web|url=https://ideas.repec.org/top/old/1101/top.japan.html|title=Within Country and State Rankings at IDEAS: Japan|access-date=15 July 2015}}</ref> Keio has provided 3 presidents of [[Japanese Economic Association]] in its 42-year history, and this number is 5th largest.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jeaweb.org/eng/AboutPresidents.html|title=Japanese Economic Association|access-date=15 July 2015}}</ref>


[[Nihon Keizai Shimbun|Nikkei Shimbun]] on 2004/2/16 surveyed about the research standards in [[Engineering|Engineering studies]] based on Thomson Reuters, [[:ja:科学研究費補助金|Grants in Aid for Scientific Research]] and questionnaires to heads of 93 leading Japanese Research Centers, and Keio was placed 8th in this ranking.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://homepage3.nifty.com/katu-kobayashi/doppo/kougaku_kennkyu.htm|title=wHw͒i04.2.22j|access-date=15 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150507184047/http://homepage3.nifty.com/katu-kobayashi/doppo/kougaku_kennkyu.htm|archive-date=7 May 2015|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
In addition, [[Nihon Keizai Shimbun|Nikkei Shimbun]] on 2004/2/16 surveyed about the research standards in [[Engineering|Engineering studies]] based on Thomson Reuters, [[:ja:科学研究費補助金|Grants in Aid for Scientific Research]] and questionnaires to heads of 93 leading Japanese Research Centers, and Keio was placed 8th (research planning ability 4th/informative ability of research outcome 3rd) in this ranking.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://homepage3.nifty.com/katu-kobayashi/doppo/kougaku_kennkyu.htm|title=wHw͒i04.2.22j|access-date=15 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150507184047/http://homepage3.nifty.com/katu-kobayashi/doppo/kougaku_kennkyu.htm|archive-date=7 May 2015|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref>


====Business====
====Business====
Keio University ranks second in Japan, for the number of alumni holding CEO positions in [[Fortune Global 500]] companies, according to ''[[Mines ParisTech: Professional Ranking of World Universities]]''.<ref name="Rankings_ENSMP_W" /> Keio University is also ranked 1st in Japan for the number of alumni holding executive positions in listed companies of Japan, with the executive number per student (probability of becoming an executive) placing top.<ref name=executive>{{cite web |script-title=ja:出身大学別上場企業役員数ランキング |publisher=大学ranking.net |url=http://daigaku-ranking.net/syuusyoku/%E5%87%BA%E8%BA%AB%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%88%A5%E4%B8%8A%E5%A0%B4%E4%BC%81%E6%A5%AD%E5%BD%B9%E5%93%A1%E6%95%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AD%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%EF%BC%882009%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%89/ |language=ja |access-date=2010-08-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101206063534/http://daigaku-ranking.net/syuusyoku/%E5%87%BA%E8%BA%AB%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%88%A5%E4%B8%8A%E5%A0%B4%E4%BC%81%E6%A5%AD%E5%BD%B9%E5%93%A1%E6%95%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AD%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%EF%BC%882009%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%89/ |archive-date=2010-12-06 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |script-title=ja:出身大学別上場企業役員数ランキング |publisher=大学ranking.net |url=http://ranking100.web.fc2.com/yakuin004.html|language=ja}}</ref>
Keio University ranks second in Japan, for the number of alumni holding CEO positions in [[Fortune Global 500]] companies, according to ''[[Mines ParisTech: Professional Ranking of World Universities]]''.<ref name="Rankings_ENSMP_W" /> Keio University is also ranked 1st in Japan for the number of alumni holding executive positions (All C-Suite Positions CEO/CFO/CTO etc. are included) in all listed companies of Japan, with the executive number per student (probability of becoming an executive) placing top.<ref name=executive>{{cite web |script-title=ja:出身大学別上場企業役員数ランキング |publisher=大学ranking.net |url=http://daigaku-ranking.net/syuusyoku/%E5%87%BA%E8%BA%AB%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%88%A5%E4%B8%8A%E5%A0%B4%E4%BC%81%E6%A5%AD%E5%BD%B9%E5%93%A1%E6%95%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AD%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%EF%BC%882009%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%89/ |language=ja |access-date=2010-08-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101206063534/http://daigaku-ranking.net/syuusyoku/%E5%87%BA%E8%BA%AB%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%88%A5%E4%B8%8A%E5%A0%B4%E4%BC%81%E6%A5%AD%E5%BD%B9%E5%93%A1%E6%95%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AD%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%EF%BC%882009%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%89/ |archive-date=2010-12-06 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |script-title=ja:出身大学別上場企業役員数ランキング |publisher=大学ranking.net |url=http://ranking100.web.fc2.com/yakuin004.html|language=ja}}</ref>


Keio Business School (KBS) is Japan's first business school and one of four Japanese institutions holding [[The Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business]] (AACSB) accreditation.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mba.today/guide/aacsb-accredited-business-schools|title=List of AACSB-Accredited Business Schools 2019|website=www.mba.today}}</ref> Keio was ranked No. 1 in Japan by [[Nikkei Shimbun]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ics.hit-u.ac.jp/community/inthenews.html|title=Recent News - Hitotsubashi University ICS - MBA Japan|access-date=15 July 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110529172638/http://www.ics.hit-u.ac.jp/community/inthenews.html|archive-date=29 May 2011}}</ref> [[Eduniversal]] also ranked Keio as the No.1 in Japan (75th in the world).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eduniversal-ranking.com/business-school-university-ranking-in-japan.html|title=University and business school ranking in Japan|access-date=15 July 2015}}</ref> In [[Eduniversal]] Keio is one of 3 Japanese schools categorized in "Universal Business schools with major international influence". In 2012, the Keio Business School became a founding member of the university alliance [[Council on Business & Society]].{{cn|date=May 2024}}
Keio Business School (KBS) is Japan's first business school and one of four Japanese institutions holding [[The Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business]] (AACSB) accreditation.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mba.today/guide/aacsb-accredited-business-schools|title=List of AACSB-Accredited Business Schools 2019|website=www.mba.today}}</ref> Keio was ranked No. 1 in Japan by [[Nikkei Shimbun]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ics.hit-u.ac.jp/community/inthenews.html|title=Recent News - Hitotsubashi University ICS - MBA Japan|access-date=15 July 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110529172638/http://www.ics.hit-u.ac.jp/community/inthenews.html|archive-date=29 May 2011}}</ref> [[Eduniversal]] also ranked Keio as the No.1 in Japan (75th in the world).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eduniversal-ranking.com/business-school-university-ranking-in-japan.html|title=University and business school ranking in Japan|access-date=15 July 2015}}</ref> In [[Eduniversal]] Keio is one of only 3 Japanese schools categorized in "Universal Business schools with major international influence". In 2012, the Keio Business School became a founding member of the university alliance [[Council on Business & Society]] that consists of [[Tuck School of Business]] from the USA, the [[University of Mannheim Business School]] from Germany, [[ESSEC Business School]] from France, [[Fudan University]] from China and [[Fundação Getúlio Vargas]] from Brazil.


According to the [[:ja:エコノミスト (雑誌)|Weekly Economist]]'s 2010 rankings and the [[:ja:プレジデント社|PRESIDENT]]'s article on 16 October 2006, graduates of Keio University have the 3rd best employment rate in 400 major companies, and 3rd highest average salary in Japan.{{cn|date=May 2024}}
According to the [[:ja:エコノミスト (雑誌)|Weekly Economist]]'s 2010 rankings and the [[:ja:プレジデント社|PRESIDENT]]'s article on 16 October 2006, graduates of Keio University have the 3rd best employment rate in 400 major companies, and 3rd highest average salary in Japan.


====Accounting====
====Accounting====
For over 30 years, Keio graduates have been ranked first in Japan in the number of successful national CPA exam applicants.<ref name="ogi.keio.ac.jp"/>
As an extension of Keio's strong business focus, for over 30 years, Keio graduates have been ranked first in Japan in the number of successful national CPA exam applicants.<ref name="ogi.keio.ac.jp"/>


====Medicine====
====Medicine====
There have been 4 presidents of [[:ja:日本医師会|Japan Medical Association]] related to this university (2 Alumni and 2 professors).<ref group=note>[[Kitasato Shibasaburō]], [[:ja:北島多一|Taichi Kitajima]], [[Taro Takemi]] and [[:ja:村瀬敏郎|Toshiro Murase]]</ref> This number is the 2nd largest among Japanese medical schools.<ref>{{cite web |title=Japan Medical Association report |publisher=Japan Medical Association |url=http://dl.med.or.jp/dl-med/jma/jma_pamphlet.pdf|language=ja}}</ref> Keio is one of 2 Japanese universities which provided a president for the [[World Medical Association]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.med.or.jp/wma/ |title=世界医師会 |language=Japanese |trans-title=World Medical Association |access-date=2021-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170704232517/http://www.med.or.jp/jma/international/wma/003453.html |archive-date=2017-07-04}}</ref>
Keio has been influential in Japanese medical societies as well. In fact, there have been 4 presidents of [[:ja:日本医師会|Japan Medical Association]] related to this university (2 Alumni and 2 professors).<ref group=note>[[Kitasato Shibasaburō]], [[:ja:北島多一|Taichi Kitajima]], [[Taro Takemi]] and [[:ja:村瀬敏郎|Toshiro Murase]]</ref> This number is the 2nd largest among Japanese medical schools.<ref>{{cite web |title=Japan Medical Association report |publisher=Japan Medical Association |url=http://dl.med.or.jp/dl-med/jma/jma_pamphlet.pdf|language=ja}}</ref> Keio is one of 2 Japanese universities which provided a president for the [[World Medical Association]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.med.or.jp/wma/ |title=世界医師会 |language=Japanese |trans-title=World Medical Association |access-date=2021-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170704232517/http://www.med.or.jp/jma/international/wma/003453.html |archive-date=2017-07-04}}</ref>


====Law====
====Law====
In 2010 and 2015, Keio University Law School ranked highest among all Japanese universities for the Bar Exam passage rate.<ref>[http://laws.shikakuseek.com/data/2010data-2.html 2010年(平成22年)新司法試験法科大学院別合格率ランキング -法科大学院seek]. Laws.shikakuseek.com. Retrieved on 2014-06-17.</ref> The number of Members in Parliament who graduated from Keio is the 3rd highest in Japan.<ref name="Asahi ranking"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://univranking.schoolbus.jp/00000277.htm |title=閣僚経験者出身大学ランキング―有名人の出身大学ランキング |access-date=2021-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170828033616/http://univranking.schoolbus.jp/00000277.htm |archive-date=2017-08-28 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
Keio's law faculty is typically ranked among the best in all of Japan along with the University of Tokyo, University of Kyoto, Chuo University, and Hitotsubashi University. In 2010 and 2015, Keio University Law School ranked highest among all Japanese universities for the Bar Exam passage rate.<ref>[http://laws.shikakuseek.com/data/2010data-2.html 2010年(平成22年)新司法試験法科大学院別合格率ランキング -法科大学院seek]. Laws.shikakuseek.com. Retrieved on 2014-06-17.</ref> Furthermore, the number of Members in Parliament who graduated from Keio is the 3rd highest in Japan.<ref name="Asahi ranking"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://univranking.schoolbus.jp/00000277.htm |title=閣僚経験者出身大学ランキング―有名人の出身大学ランキング |access-date=2021-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170828033616/http://univranking.schoolbus.jp/00000277.htm |archive-date=2017-08-28 |url-status=dead }}</ref>


===Popularity and selectivity===
===Popularity and selectivity===
Keio is a popular university in Japan, often considered{{by whom?|date=May 2024}} one of Japan's top two private universities alongside their rival, [[Waseda University]]. The number of applicants per place was 11.7 (48260/4098) in 2011 undergraduate admissions.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.keio.ac.jp/ja/admissions/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090306065007/http://www.admissions.keio.ac.jp/exam/shigansha.html|url-status=dead|title=入学案内:[慶應義塾]|archive-date=March 6, 2009|website=www.keio.ac.jp}}</ref> Its entrance difficulty is usually considered the highest with [[Waseda University|Waseda]], among 730 private universities.<ref group=note>National and Public universities apply a different kind of exams, so it is only comparable between universities in a same category.</ref><ref group=note>e.g. [[:ja:代々木ゼミナール|Yoyogi seminar]] published Hensachi (the indicator showing the entrance difficulties by prep schools) rankings {{cite web|url=http://www.yozemi.ac.jp/rank/gakubu/index.html |title=「大学ブランド・イメージ調査2016-2017」ランキング |access-date=April 2, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110422110816/http://yozemi.ac.jp/rank/gakubu/index.html |archive-date=2011-04-22}}</ref><ref group=note>Japanese journalist [[:ja:島野清志|Kiyoshi Shimano]] ranks its entrance difficulty as SA (most selective/out of 10 scales) in Japan. {{cite book |script-title=ja:危ない大学・消える大学 2012年版 |year=2011 |publisher=YELL books |language=ja|id= {{ASIN|4753930181|country=jp}}}}</ref>
Keio is a popular university in Japan, often considered one of Japan's top two private universities alongside their rival, [[Waseda University]]. The number of applicants per place was 11.7 (48260/4098) in 2011 undergraduate admissions.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.keio.ac.jp/ja/admissions/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090306065007/http://www.admissions.keio.ac.jp/exam/shigansha.html|url-status=dead|title=入学案内:[慶應義塾]|archive-date=March 6, 2009|website=www.keio.ac.jp}}</ref> Its entrance difficulty is usually considered as the highest with [[Waseda University|Waseda]], among 730 private universities.<ref group=note>National and Public universities apply a different kind of exams, so it is only comparable between universities in a same category.</ref><ref group=note>e.g. [[:ja:代々木ゼミナール|Yoyogi seminar]] published Hensachi (the indicator showing the entrance difficulties by prep schools) rankings {{cite web|url=http://www.yozemi.ac.jp/rank/gakubu/index.html |title=「大学ブランド・イメージ調査2016-2017」ランキング |access-date=April 2, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110422110816/http://yozemi.ac.jp/rank/gakubu/index.html |archive-date=2011-04-22}}</ref><ref group=note>Japanese journalist [[:ja:島野清志|Kiyoshi Shimano]] ranks its entrance difficulty as SA (most selective/out of 10 scales) in Japan. {{cite book |script-title=ja:危ない大学・消える大学 2012年版 |year=2011 |publisher=YELL books |language=ja|id= {{ASIN|4753930181|country=jp}}}}</ref>


[[Nikkei Business Publications|Nikkei BP]] has been publishing a ranking system called "[[Brand rankings of Japanese universities]]" every year, composed of various indicators relating to the reputation and brand power of Japanese institutions. Keio University was placed 1st in 2014, and ranked 2nd in 2015 and 2016 in the [[Greater Tokyo Area]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nikkeimm.co.jp/tips/ranking/25.html |title=「大学ブランド・イメージ調査2016-2017」ランキング &#124; 情報活用塾|日経メディアマーケティング |access-date=2016-12-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161203221712/http://www.nikkeimm.co.jp/tips/ranking/25.html |archive-date=2016-12-03 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Webometrics]] (2008) also ranks Keio University as 3rd in Japan, 11th in Asia, and 208th in the world for quantity and quality of web presence and link visibility.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.webometrics.info/top100_continent.asp?cont=asia|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091004094313/http://www.webometrics.info/top100_continent.asp?cont=asia|url-status=dead|title=Ranking Web of World universities: Top Asia|archive-date=October 4, 2009}}</ref>
[[Nikkei Business Publications|Nikkei BP]] has been publishing a ranking system called "[[Brand rankings of Japanese universities]]" every year, composed of various indicators relating to the reputation and brand power of Japanese institutions. Keio University was placed 1st in 2014, and ranked 2nd in 2015 and 2016 in the [[Greater Tokyo Area]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nikkeimm.co.jp/tips/ranking/25.html |title=「大学ブランド・イメージ調査2016-2017」ランキング &#124; 情報活用塾|日経メディアマーケティング |access-date=2016-12-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161203221712/http://www.nikkeimm.co.jp/tips/ranking/25.html |archive-date=2016-12-03 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Webometrics]] (2008) also ranks Keio University as 3rd in Japan, 11th in Asia, and 208th in the world for quantity and quality of web presence and link visibility.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.webometrics.info/top100_continent.asp?cont=asia|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091004094313/http://www.webometrics.info/top100_continent.asp?cont=asia|url-status=dead|title=Ranking Web of World universities: Top Asia|archive-date=October 4, 2009}}</ref>
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In a unique ranking, [[Tokyo Broadcasting System|TBS]] ranked Japanese universities by the questionnaire "Which university student do you want to have as your boyfriend?" to 300 girls in [[Shibuya, Tokyo|Shibuya]], and Keio was ranked 1st in this ranking.<ref group=note>TV program "Rank Okoku" on 2010/2/6 http://blogs.yahoo.co.jp/jterasaka/40927577.html</ref>
In a unique ranking, [[Tokyo Broadcasting System|TBS]] ranked Japanese universities by the questionnaire "Which university student do you want to have as your boyfriend?" to 300 girls in [[Shibuya, Tokyo|Shibuya]], and Keio was ranked 1st in this ranking.<ref group=note>TV program "Rank Okoku" on 2010/2/6 http://blogs.yahoo.co.jp/jterasaka/40927577.html</ref>


==Evaluation from ''Business World''==
==Evaluation from Business World==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ The university ranking of the ratio of "president and chief executive officer of listed company" in Japan
|+ University Ranking: Ratio of "president and chief executive officer of listed company" in Japan
! !! Ranking
! !! Ranking
|-
|-
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|}
|}
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ The university ranking according to the ratio of the number of officers & managers produced by each university to the number of graduates
|+ University Ranking: Ratio of "officers and managers produced to the number of graduates" in Japan
! !! Ranking
! !! Ranking
|-
|-
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|}
|}
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ The university ranking according to the order of the '''evaluation by Personnel Departments of Leading Companies in Japan'''
|+ University Ranking: Order of "ev'''aluation by personnel departments of leading companies" in Japan'''
! !! Ranking
! !! Ranking
|-
|-
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! School of Medicine
! School of Medicine
| style="text-align:right" | 2,625,000 || style="text-align:right" | 1,313,000
| style="text-align:right" | 2,625,000 || style="text-align:right" | 1,313,000
|}The university tuition fee system in Japan differs from other countries with unique complexities. At most Japanese universities, a higher level of initial payment is required in the first year, with added cost such as "entrance fees", costing less in subsequent years. There are several types of fees (some of which must be paid only once and some of which must be paid once or twice per year) and the so-called "course fee" is officially only one of those fees.
|}

<!-- line break for fixing the format -->

<!-- end of the line break -->


At Keio University, tuition fees vary and depends on the course. Social Science & Humanity studies have the lowest fees at approximately 1,110,000 yen per year, with the School of Medicine having the highest fees of around 3,610,000 yen per year.<ref name="Tuition fees1"/> The tuition fees for various graduate schools cost much less than those for undergraduate studies, e.g. 690,000 yen per year for Social Science & Humanities and 1,313,000 yen per year for School of Medicine.<ref name="Tuition fees2"/>
At Keio University, tuition fees vary and depends on the course. Social Science & Humanity studies have the lowest fees at approximately 1,110,000 yen per year, with the School of Medicine having the highest fees of around 3,610,000 yen per year.<ref name="Tuition fees1"/> The tuition fees for various graduate schools cost much less than those for undergraduate studies, e.g. 690,000 yen per year for Social Science & Humanities and 1,313,000 yen per year for School of Medicine.<ref name="Tuition fees2"/>


Although it is acceptable to pay twice with half in spring and half in autumn, the "entrance fee" must be paid before enrolment. The entrance fee for undergraduate study is 200,000 yen and the one for graduate study is 310,000 yen.<ref name="Tuition fees1"/><ref name="Tuition fees2"/>
Although it is acceptable to pay twice with half in spring and half in autumn, the "entrance fee" must be paid before enrolment. The entrance fee for undergraduate study is 200,000 yen and the one for graduate study is 310,000 yen.<ref name="Tuition fees1"/><ref name="Tuition fees2"/>
===Scholarship/Loan===

===Scholarship/loan===
{| style="text-align:center; float:right; font-size:85%; margin-left:2em; margin:auto;" class="wikitable"
{| style="text-align:center; float:right; font-size:85%; margin-left:2em; margin:auto;" class="wikitable"
|+ ''Scholarship/loan''<ref name="Scholarship1">{{cite web|url=http://www.gakuji.keio.ac.jp/life/shogaku/data.html |title=Scholarship/loan: 2008 |publisher=Keio University |access-date=September 9, 2011 |language=ja |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811120319/http://www.gakuji.keio.ac.jp/life/shogaku/data.html |archive-date=August 11, 2011}}</ref>
|+ ''Scholarship/Loan''<ref name="Scholarship1">{{cite web|url=http://www.gakuji.keio.ac.jp/life/shogaku/data.html |title=Scholarship/loan: 2008 |publisher=Keio University |access-date=September 9, 2011 |language=ja |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811120319/http://www.gakuji.keio.ac.jp/life/shogaku/data.html |archive-date=August 11, 2011}}</ref>
! 2008 !! the number of students !! ratio !! average amount (yen)
! 2008 !! the number of students !! ratio !! average amount (yen)
|-
|-
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|}
|}


In 2008, 9,764 students (about 30% of all students) used either scholarships or loans throughout their studies.<ref name="Scholarship1"/> Additionally, Keio funds over 3,000 students who receive, on average, scholarships of 300,000 yen.<ref name="Scholarship1"/>
Many students receive additional financial support. In 2008, 9,764 students (about 30% of all students) used either scholarships or loans throughout their studies.<ref name="Scholarship1"/> Additionally, Keio funds over 3,000 students who receive, on average, scholarships of 300,000 yen.<ref name="Scholarship1"/>

==Organization==
==Organization==
[[File:Keio University(mita) - Main gate.jpg|thumb|right|New South building on Mita Campus]]
[[File:Keio University(mita) - Main gate.jpg|thumb|right|New South building on Mita Campus]]
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===Faculties===
===Faculties===
Keio University has ten undergraduate [[faculty (division)|faculties]], with each operating independently and offering educational and research activities. The faculties, with a planned annual number of enrolled first-year students in parentheses, are:
Keio University has ten undergraduate [[faculty (division)|faculties]], which cover a wide range of academic fields, with each operating independently and offering broad educational and research activities. The faculties, with a planned annual number of enrolled first-year students in parentheses, are:


* Faculty of Letters (800)
* Faculty of Letters (800)
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* Faculty of [[Pharmacy]] (210)
* Faculty of [[Pharmacy]] (210)


===Graduate schools===
===Graduate Schools===

Keio has fourteen graduate schools. Many professors are associated with both an undergraduate faculty and a graduate school.
In addition to the ten undergraduate faculties listed above, Keio has fourteen graduate schools. Many professors are associated with both an undergraduate faculty and a graduate school.


* Graduate School of Letters
* Graduate School of Letters
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* SFC Media Center
* SFC Media Center


===Information technology Centers===
===Information Technology Centers===
* ITC Headquarters
* ITC Headquarters
* Mita ITC
* Mita ITC
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* Science & Technology ITC
* Science & Technology ITC
* Shonan Fujisawa ITC
* Shonan Fujisawa ITC

===Affiliated Schools===
[[Primary education|Elementary education]]
* Keio Yochisha Elementary School
* Keio Yokohama Elementary School

[[Secondary education]]
* Keio Futsubu School (Boys Junior High School)
* Keio Chutobu Junior High School
* [[Keio Shonan Fujisawa Junior and Senior High School]]
* Keio Senior High School
* Keio Shiki Senior High School
* Keio Girls Senior High School
* Keio Academy of New York (High School)

Language education
* Japanese Language Program
* Keio Foreign Language School

Others
* Keio Marunouchi City Campus (KMCC)


===Hospital ===
===Hospital ===
Keio University Hospital is one of the largest general hospitals in Japan,{{Citation needed|date=July 2015}} the number of surgeries for carcinoma uteri in 2007 was top and the one for lung cancer was third among all university hospitals.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cgj.co.jp/hospital/%C2%E7%B3%D8+%C9%C2%B1%A1|title=病院.com|access-date=15 July 2015}}</ref> The number of trainee doctors who selected Keio as their first choice training hospital was 30 (33rd) among all Japanese teaching hospitals in 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hospia.jp/wp/archives/2231/|title=2010年度 初期臨床研修人気病院ランキング(大学病院編) - 病院情報局|access-date=15 July 2015}}</ref> Established in 1920, it has over 1,000 beds, a leading laboratory, and research and medical information divisions.<ref name="ogi.keio.ac.jp"/>
Keio University Hospital is one of the largest and most well-known general hospitals in Japan,{{Citation needed|date=July 2015}} the number of surgeries for carcinoma uteri in 2007 was top and the one for lung cancer was third among all university hospitals.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cgj.co.jp/hospital/%C2%E7%B3%D8+%C9%C2%B1%A1|title=病院.com|access-date=15 July 2015}}</ref> and is also a famous teaching hospital. The number of trainee doctors who selected Keio as their first choice training hospital was 30 (33rd) among all Japanese teaching hospitals in 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hospia.jp/wp/archives/2231/|title=2010年度 初期臨床研修人気病院ランキング(大学病院編) - 病院情報局|access-date=15 July 2015}}</ref> Established in 1920, it has over 1,000 beds, a leading laboratory, and research and medical information divisions.<ref name="ogi.keio.ac.jp"/>
* {{nihongo|Keio University Hospital|慶應義塾大学病院 or 慶應大学病院}}
* {{nihongo|Keio University Hospital|慶應義塾大学病院 or 慶應大学病院}}


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*Yagami Campus (3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku, Yokohama, Kanagawa)
*Yagami Campus (3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku, Yokohama, Kanagawa)
*Shinanomachi Campus (35 Shinanomachi, [[Shinjuku]], [[Tokyo]])
*Shinanomachi Campus (35 Shinanomachi, [[Shinjuku]], [[Tokyo]])
*[[Shonan Fujisawa Campus]] ([[Fujisawa, Kanagawa]], aka. SFC) designed by [[Fumihiko Maki]]
*[[Shonan Fujisawa Campus]] ([[Fujisawa, Kanagawa]], SFC) designed by [[Fumihiko Maki]]
*Shiba Kyoritsu Campus (Minato ward, Tokyo)
*Shiba Kyoritsu Campus (Minato ward, Tokyo)
*Shin-Kawasaki Town Campus ([[Kawasaki, Kanagawa]])
*Shin-Kawasaki Town Campus ([[Kawasaki, Kanagawa]])
*Tsuruoka Town Campus of Keio ([[Tsuruoka, Yamagata]], aka. TTCK)
*Tsuruoka Town Campus of Keio ([[Tsuruoka, Yamagata]], TTCK)
*Urawa Kyoritsu Campus ([[Urawa, Saitama]])
*Urawa Kyoritsu Campus ([[Urawa, Saitama]])
*Keio Osaka Riverside Campus ([[Osaka]])
*Keio Osaka Riverside Campus ([[Osaka]])
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==Notable alumni==
==Notable alumni==

Keio alumni include Japanese Prime Ministers [[Junichiro Koizumi]] (2001–2006), [[Ryutaro Hashimoto]] (1996–1998), and [[Tsuyoshi Inukai]] (1931–1932). Dozens of other alumni have been cabinet members and governors in the post-war period.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ic.sfc.keio.ac.jp/about-sfc/alumni/ |title=Alumni on the World Stage |publisher=Keio University Shonan Fujisawa Campus |access-date=October 10, 2011}}</ref> Keio alumni include 230 CEOs of major companies and 97 CEOs of foreign-affiliated companies.<ref name="ogi.keio.ac.jp">http://www.ogi.keio.ac.jp/english/Keio-University-pamphlet.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070730013612/http://www.ogi.keio.ac.jp/english/Keio-University-pamphlet.pdf |date=2007-07-30 }} (This link no longer exists. The paper-based pamphlet is only available. October 10, 2011)</ref> Keio has over 320,000 alumni in 866 alumni associations.<ref name="ogi.keio.ac.jp"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.admissions.keio.ac.jp/encourage/guidefile.html |title=Encouragement of Learning Keio University, Japan |publisher=Keio University |access-date=October 10, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001194713/http://www.admissions.keio.ac.jp/encourage/guidefile.html |archive-date=October 1, 2011 }}</ref>
Some prominent Keio alumni include Japanese Prime Ministers [[Junichiro Koizumi]] (2001–2006), [[Ryutaro Hashimoto]] (1996–1998), and [[Tsuyoshi Inukai]] (1931–1932). Dozens of other alumni have been cabinet members and governors in the post-war period.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ic.sfc.keio.ac.jp/about-sfc/alumni/ |title=Alumni on the World Stage |publisher=Keio University Shonan Fujisawa Campus |access-date=October 10, 2011}}</ref> Keio alumni include 230 CEOs of major companies and 97 CEOs of foreign-affiliated companies (both highest in Japan).<ref name="ogi.keio.ac.jp">http://www.ogi.keio.ac.jp/english/Keio-University-pamphlet.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070730013612/http://www.ogi.keio.ac.jp/english/Keio-University-pamphlet.pdf |date=2007-07-30 }} (This link no longer exists. The paper-based pamphlet is only available. October 10, 2011)</ref> Keio has over 320,000 alumni in 866 alumni associations.<ref name="ogi.keio.ac.jp"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.admissions.keio.ac.jp/encourage/guidefile.html |title=Encouragement of Learning Keio University, Japan |publisher=Keio University |access-date=October 10, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001194713/http://www.admissions.keio.ac.jp/encourage/guidefile.html |archive-date=October 1, 2011 }}</ref>


===Politicians===
===Politicians===
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* [[Yun Duk-min]] –ambassador of South Korea to Japan
* [[Yun Duk-min]] –ambassador of South Korea to Japan


=== Public servants, international Organizations ===
=== Public servants, international Organisations ===
* Takeshi Kasai, [[World Health Organization|WHO]] Regional Director of Western Pacific (medicine, 1990)<ref name="mita-hyoron.keio.ac.jp">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mita-hyoron.keio.ac.jp/spotlight/201903-1.html|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190414093003/https://www.mita-hyoron.keio.ac.jp/spotlight/201903-1.html|archive-date = 2019-04-14|title = 葛西健:Who西太平洋地域事務局長に就任|話題の人|三田評論Online}}</ref><ref name="who.int">{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/westernpacific/about/governance/regional-director|title=Regional Director|website=www.who.int}}</ref>
* Takeshi Kasai, [[World Health Organization|WHO]] Regional Director of Western Pacific (medicine, 1990)<ref name="mita-hyoron.keio.ac.jp">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mita-hyoron.keio.ac.jp/spotlight/201903-1.html|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190414093003/https://www.mita-hyoron.keio.ac.jp/spotlight/201903-1.html|archive-date = 2019-04-14|title = 葛西健:Who西太平洋地域事務局長に就任|話題の人|三田評論Online}}</ref><ref name="who.int">{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/westernpacific/about/governance/regional-director|title=Regional Director|website=www.who.int}}</ref>
* [[Shigeru Omi]], [[World Health Organization|WHO]] Regional Director of Western Pacific,<ref name="mita-hyoron.keio.ac.jp"/><ref name="who.int"/>
* [[Shigeru Omi]], [[World Health Organization|WHO]] Regional Director of Western Pacific,<ref name="mita-hyoron.keio.ac.jp"/><ref name="who.int"/>
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===Media===
===Media===
[[File:Ted Nelson cropped.jpg|right|thumb|American sociologist [[Ted Nelson]]]]
* [[Tōru Shōriki]], owner of ''[[Yomiuri Shimbun|The Yomiuri Shimbun]]'' (Economics, 1942)
* [[Tōru Shōriki]], owner of ''[[Yomiuri Shimbun|The Yomiuri Shimbun]]'' (Economics, 1942)
* [[Tarō Kimura (journalist)|Tarō Kimura]], journalist (Law, 1964)
* [[Tarō Kimura (journalist)|Tarō Kimura]], journalist (Law, 1964)
* [[Akira Ikegami]], journalist (Economics, 1973)
* [[Akira Ikegami]], journalist (Economics, 1973)
* [[Kazuhiko Torishima]], president of [[Hakusensha]] (Law, 1976)
* [[Kazuhiko Torishima]], president of [[Hakusensha]] (Law, 1976)
* [[Motoaki Tanigo]], CEO of [[Hololive Production]] (Science and Technology)
* [[Motoaki Tanigo]], CEO of [[Hololive Production]] (Science and Technology)[[File:Ted Nelson cropped.jpg|right|thumb|American sociologist [[Ted Nelson]]]]


===Business===
===Business===
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* [[Sho Sakurai]], singer, actor, entertainer, newscaster, member of [[Arashi]], first artist in [[Johnny & Associates]] to graduate from University. (Bachelor of Economics, 2004)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.daily.co.jp/newsflash/gossip/2013/02/11/0005734071.shtml|script-title=ja:櫻井翔 慶大合格の後輩菊池に助言|date=February 11, 2013|access-date=August 20, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114114852/https://www.daily.co.jp/newsflash/gossip/2013/02/11/0005734071.shtml |archive-date=14 January 2024 |work=Daily Sports|language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=31 May 2021 |title=高学歴ジャニーズまとめ! おもな難関大学・有名大学出身メンバー一覧 |url=https://she-room.com/talent/academic_johnnys/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114123426/https://she-room.com/talent/academic_johnnys/ |archive-date=14 January 2024 |access-date=14 January 2024 |website=She Room |language=Japanese}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=26 May 2021 |title=櫻井翔ら「高学歴ジャニーズ」が存在感を増す理由 |url=https://toyokeizai.net/articles/-/429870?page=2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114115545/https://toyokeizai.net/articles/-/429870?page=2 |archive-date=14 January 2024 |access-date=14 January 2024 |website=Toyo Keizai |language=Japanese}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=13 September 2022 |title=ジャニーズ初の国公立大卒・福本大晴が振り返る大学時代 「『無理やろ』って笑われることを現実にしたい」 |url=https://dot.asahi.com/articles/-/14686?page=2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114123858/https://dot.asahi.com/articles/-/14686?page=2 |archive-date=14 January 2024 |access-date=14 January 2024 |website=Aera Dot (Dot Asahi) |language=Japanese}}</ref>
* [[Sho Sakurai]], singer, actor, entertainer, newscaster, member of [[Arashi]], first artist in [[Johnny & Associates]] to graduate from University. (Bachelor of Economics, 2004)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.daily.co.jp/newsflash/gossip/2013/02/11/0005734071.shtml|script-title=ja:櫻井翔 慶大合格の後輩菊池に助言|date=February 11, 2013|access-date=August 20, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114114852/https://www.daily.co.jp/newsflash/gossip/2013/02/11/0005734071.shtml |archive-date=14 January 2024 |work=Daily Sports|language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=31 May 2021 |title=高学歴ジャニーズまとめ! おもな難関大学・有名大学出身メンバー一覧 |url=https://she-room.com/talent/academic_johnnys/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114123426/https://she-room.com/talent/academic_johnnys/ |archive-date=14 January 2024 |access-date=14 January 2024 |website=She Room |language=Japanese}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=26 May 2021 |title=櫻井翔ら「高学歴ジャニーズ」が存在感を増す理由 |url=https://toyokeizai.net/articles/-/429870?page=2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114115545/https://toyokeizai.net/articles/-/429870?page=2 |archive-date=14 January 2024 |access-date=14 January 2024 |website=Toyo Keizai |language=Japanese}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=13 September 2022 |title=ジャニーズ初の国公立大卒・福本大晴が振り返る大学時代 「『無理やろ』って笑われることを現実にしたい」 |url=https://dot.asahi.com/articles/-/14686?page=2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114123858/https://dot.asahi.com/articles/-/14686?page=2 |archive-date=14 January 2024 |access-date=14 January 2024 |website=Aera Dot (Dot Asahi) |language=Japanese}}</ref>


==Notable faculty==
==Notable Faculty==
* [[Fukuzawa Yukichi]], founder of Keio University, the current portrait of 10,000-yen banknote
* [[Fukuzawa Yukichi]], founder of Keio University, the current portrait of 10,000-yen banknote
* [[Kohei Itoh (physicist)|Kohei Itoh]], successfully generated and detected quantum entanglement between electron spin and nuclear spin in phosphorus impurities added to silicon with John Morton at Oxford University.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.physnews.com/physics-news/cluster127506615/|title=Physics News|access-date=15 July 2015}}</ref>
* [[Kohei Itoh (physicist)|Kohei Itoh]], successfully generated and detected quantum entanglement between electron spin and nuclear spin in phosphorus impurities added to silicon with Dr. John Morton at Oxford University. This is the world's first successful generation. Also an alumni.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.physnews.com/physics-news/cluster127506615/|title=Physics News|access-date=15 July 2015}}</ref>
* Genichi Kato, nominated for Nobel Prize, member of [[Japan Academy]]<ref name="nobelprize.org"/>
* Genichi Kato, nominated for Nobel Prize, member of [[Japan Academy]]<ref name="nobelprize.org"/>
* [[Kitasato Shibasaburō]], first dean of Keio University School of Medicine; member of [[Japan Academy]], fellow of [[Royal Society of London]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://collections.royalsociety.org/DServe.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=Show.tcl&dsqDb=Persons&dsqPos=0&dsqSearch=%28%28text%29%3D%27Kitasato%27%29 |title= Bio |website= collections.royalsociety.org|access-date=2020-06-29}}</ref> nominated for [[Nobel Prize]]<ref name="nobelprize.org">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/|title=Nomination Archive|website=NobelPrize.org}}</ref>
* [[Kitasato Shibasaburō]], first dean of Keio University School of Medicine; member of [[Japan Academy]], a fellow of [[Royal Society of London]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://collections.royalsociety.org/DServe.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=Show.tcl&dsqDb=Persons&dsqPos=0&dsqSearch=%28%28text%29%3D%27Kitasato%27%29 |title= Bio |website= collections.royalsociety.org|access-date=2020-06-29}}</ref> nominated for [[Nobel Prize]]<ref name="nobelprize.org">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/|title=Nomination Archive|website=NobelPrize.org}}</ref>
* [[Ryogo Kubo]], the [[Boltzmann Medal]], [[Order of Culture]], member of [[Japan Academy]], International Honorary Member of [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://theochem.kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp/tanimura/default.htm|title=Tanimura's home page|website=theochem.kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.japan-acad.go.jp/en/members/bukko/k_gyo.html|title=Deceased Members: K, L &#124; The Japan Academy|website=www.japan-acad.go.jp}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amacad.org/person/ryogo-kubo|title=Ryogo Kubo|website=American Academy of Arts & Sciences|date=9 February 2023 }}</ref>
* [[Ryogo Kubo]], the [[Boltzmann Medal]], [[Order of Culture]], member of [[Japan Academy]], International Honorary Member of [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://theochem.kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp/tanimura/default.htm|title=Tanimura's home page|website=theochem.kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.japan-acad.go.jp/en/members/bukko/k_gyo.html|title=Deceased Members: K, L &#124; The Japan Academy|website=www.japan-acad.go.jp}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amacad.org/person/ryogo-kubo|title=Ryogo Kubo|website=American Academy of Arts & Sciences|date=9 February 2023 }}</ref>
* Mikinosuke Miyajima, International Honorary Member of [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]], Japan's representative for [[League of Nations Health Organization]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kotobank.jp/word/%E5%AE%AE%E5%B3%B6%E5%B9%B9%E4%B9%8B%E5%8A%A9-1113820|title=宮島幹之助(みやじま みきのすけ)とは|last=日本人名大辞典+Plus|first=デジタル版|website=コトバンク|language=ja|access-date=2020-01-14}}</ref>
* Mikinosuke Miyajima, International Honorary Member of [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]], Japan's representative for [[League of Nations Health Organization]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kotobank.jp/word/%E5%AE%AE%E5%B3%B6%E5%B9%B9%E4%B9%8B%E5%8A%A9-1113820|title=宮島幹之助(みやじま みきのすけ)とは|last=日本人名大辞典+Plus|first=デジタル版|website=コトバンク|language=ja|access-date=2020-01-14}}</ref>
Line 696: Line 733:
* [[Shuichi Nosé]], famous for the [[Nosé–Hoover thermostat]]<ref>{{Cite journal|last=片岡|first=洋右|date=2006|title=『能勢修一さんの足跡をたどる』|journal=日本化学会情報化学部会誌|volume=24-1|pages=6|via=JSTAGE}}</ref>
* [[Shuichi Nosé]], famous for the [[Nosé–Hoover thermostat]]<ref>{{Cite journal|last=片岡|first=洋右|date=2006|title=『能勢修一さんの足跡をたどる』|journal=日本化学会情報化学部会誌|volume=24-1|pages=6|via=JSTAGE}}</ref>
* Keisuke Suzuki, member of [[Japan Academy]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.org-synth.chem.sci.titech.ac.jp/suzukilab/?page_id=7|title=メンバー &#124; suzuki-ohmori research group|date=27 October 2016}}</ref>
* Keisuke Suzuki, member of [[Japan Academy]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.org-synth.chem.sci.titech.ac.jp/suzukilab/?page_id=7|title=メンバー &#124; suzuki-ohmori research group|date=27 October 2016}}</ref>
* [[Toshiyuki Takamiya]], professor emeritus; led the digital documentation, facsimile reproduction, and distribution of rare medieval books and manuscripts
* [[Toshiyuki Takamiya]], professor emeritus; led the digital documentation, facsimile reproduction, and distribution of many rare medieval books and manuscripts including the [[Gutenberg Bible]] and Chaucer's [[Canterbury Tales]].


==Bibliography==
==Bibliography==

Revision as of 21:52, 17 May 2024

Keio University
慶應義塾大学
Latin: Universitas Keio
Mottoペンは剣よりも強し Calamus Gladio Fortior
Motto in English
'The pen is mightier than the sword'
TypePrivate; Research University
Established23 April 1858; 166 years ago (23 April 1858)
FounderFukuzawa Yukichi
AffiliationAACSB, APRU, CEMS – The Global Alliance in Management Education, COBS, ASAIHL
PresidentKohei Itoh
Academic staff
2,791 full-time (As of May 1, 2022)[1]
Administrative staff
3,252 full-time (As of May 1, 2022)[2]
Students33,437 (As of May 1, 2022)[3][needs update]
Undergraduates28,641 (As of May 1, 2022)[3][needs update]
Postgraduates6,222 (As of May 1, 2022)[3][needs update]
Location,
Tokyo
,
Japan
CampusUrban
Flag
ColorsGold, Navy Blue, and Red      
MascotKeio Unicorn
Athletics43 Varsity Teams
Websitekeio.ac.jp
Japanese name
Kanji慶應義塾大学
Hiraganaけいおうぎじゅく

Keio University (慶應義塾大学, Keiō Gijuku Daigaku), abbreviated as Keio (慶應) or Keidai (慶大), is a private research university located in Minato, Tokyo, Japan.

Keio University is the oldest institute of western higher education in Japan. Its founder, Fukuzawa Yukichi, originally established it as a school for Western studies in 1858 at Edo. It was granted university status in 1920, becoming the first private university of Japan.[4]

The university is one of the members of the Top Global University Project (Top Type), funded by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Keio University is also one of the member universities of RU11 and APRU, and is one of only two Japanese universities (alongside the University of Tokyo) to be a member of the World Economic Forum's Global University Leaders Forum.[5]

Its alumni includes three former prime ministers, two astronauts, six international honorary members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and a Wolf Prize winner. Keio University also produced the largest number of CEOs of companies listed in the first section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange, along with the highest number of executives in all Japanese listed corporations.[6]

Overview

The founder of Keio Fukuzawa Yukichi's statue on Hiyoshi campus.
East Research Building in Mita

Keio traces its history to 1858 when Fukuzawa Yukichi, who had studied the Western educational system at Brown University in the United States, started to teach Dutch while he was a guest of the Okudaira family. In 1868 he changed the name of the school to Keio Gijuku and devoted all his time to education. While Keio's initial identity was that of a private school of Western studies, it expanded and established its first university faculty in 1890, and became known as a leading institute in Japanese higher education. It was the first Japanese university to reach its 150th anniversary, celebrating this anniversary in 2008.

Keio has leading research centres. It has approximately 30 Research Centres located on its five main campuses and at other facilities for advanced research in Japan.[7] Keio University Research Institute at SFC (KRIS) has joined the MIT and the French INRIA in hosting the international W3C.[8]

Mission

In his speech at an alumni gathering on November 1, 1896, Fukuzawa stated the mission of Keio as follows:

Keio Gijuku shouldn't be satisfied with being just one educational institution.

Its mission is expected to be a model of the nobility of intelligence and virtue,

→ to make clear how it can be applied to its family, society, and nation,

→ and to take an actual action of this statement.

→ It expects all students to be leaders in society by the practice of this mission.

These sentences were given to students as his will and considered as the simple expression of Keio's actual mission.

Academic culture

As Japan's earliest private tertiary institution, Keio University is known for being the first in Japan to introduce many modern educational practices.

Keio is the earliest Japanese institution that introduced a fixated annual course fee, personally designed by Fukuzawa. It also introduced the culture of speech to Japan, which Japan had never had before. This is evident in the construction of Japan's earliest speech house, Mita Speech House in 1875. In 1881, Keio was the first Japanese university to enrol international students, accepting 2 students from Korea. Later, 60 Korean students entered in 1883 and 130 Korean students in 1895.

Keio addresses "Independence and self-respect (独立自尊, Dokuritsu Jison)" as a foundation of its education. It symbolises for physical and mental independence, along with self-respect while being virtuous. It is regarded as Fukuzawa's nature and essence of educational philosophy.

Learning half and teaching half (半学半教, Hangaku Hankyo) is another unique trait established at Keio University. During the late Edo period and early Meiji period, several private prep schools often used students as assistant teachers, following the principal of "Learning half and teaching half". In the early periods, schools of Western studies offered many things to learn for both students and professors themselves. Hence there had been occasions when students who had learned in advance had taught other students and even professors. After the proper legal systems for education had been set up, such circumstances disappeared. However, Fukuzawa believed the essence of academia was to encourage a continuous learning process, and that increased knowledge provided more learning opportunities. Keio University embraces this belief and established the "Rules in Keio Gijuku (慶應義塾社中之約束, Keio Gijuku Shachu no Yakusoku)", which states that there shouldn't be any hierarchy between teachers and learners, and that all members of Keio Gijuku are a united entity. For this reason, the university has a culture in which all lecturers and professors are officially called with the honorific of "Kun" but never "teacher" or "professor".

Collaboration in a company (社中の協力, Shachu no Kyoryoku) is also a unique strength of Keio University. In 1879, Fukuzawa stated that Keio's success originates from it's high level of engagement with internal collaboration, and thus the slogan of "collaboration in a company". Keio members often believe that any person related to the Keio organisation (e.g. professors, students, alumni and their family members) as part of their inner circle, and should offer their best in assisting one another like brothers or sisters. This culture is especially evident in the university's alumni organisation Mita-Kai, well known as one of Japan's strongest and most influential alumni network.[9]

As of June 2022, Keio University holds the largest endowment fund among all Japanese universities, with ¥78 billion. This is followed by Waseda University at ¥29 billion, Kyoto University at ¥20 billion and the University of Tokyo at ¥15 billion.[10]

History

Keio University (慶應義塾大学, Keiō Gijuku Daigaku) was first established in 1858 as a School of Western studies located in one of the mansion houses at Tsukiji by founder Fukuzawa Yukichi.[11] Its root is considered as the Han school for Kokugaku studies named Shinshu Kan established in 1796.[12] It later changed its name to "Keio Gijuku" in 1868, which originated from the era name "Keio"[13], with "Gijuku" as the translation of Private school.[14] It moved to it's current location in 1871, established a Medical school in 1873, along with the university department of Economics, Law and Literacy studies in 1890.[15]

Keio Gijuku in Tsukiji in 1869
Keio University in May 1912
Year University Development
1858 Establishment of Keio Gijuku
1879 Keio rejected an offer to become a national university.[16]
Instead of that, it became a vocational school funded by daimyōs including Shimazu clan.
1890 Departments of Economics, Law, and Letters established
1906 Graduate studies programs established
1917 School of Medicine established
1920 Keio authorized as a university in the prewar system
1944 School of Technology established
1949 Keio authorized as a university in the post-war system
1957 School of Business and Commerce established
1962 Graduate School of Business Administration established
1981 Department of Science and Technology established
1990 School of Environmental and Information Studies and School of Policy Management established
2001 School of Nursing and Medical Care established
2004 School of Law established
2008 School of Pharmacy established
2008 Graduate School of Media Design established

In 1886, Keio University named Hiromoto Watanabe as the first chancellor of the Imperial University (University of Tokyo). Watanabe was the first chancellor of an officially authorised university in Japan. In 1899, Keio sent 6 students to study abroad. In the same year, it also accepted three international students from India, Qing-dynasty China, and Thailand. Eight international students entered from Taiwan (which had technically been a territory of the Japanese Empire since 1895) the following year. In 1946, Keio University began accepting female students. In 2006, a paper was published in the research journal Science with an undergraduate as its first listed author.[17]

Keio University has been visited by many distinguished guests and professionals over its history. In 1916, Keio was visited by Bengali poet Rabindranath Tagore. Another visit in 1922 included famous physicist Albert Einstein, who presented a special lecture on the theory of relativity.[18][19] In 2008, Keio University was visited by Prince Charles. In 2023, Sam Altman visited Keio University to speak with students and faculty.[20]

Presidents

Since the president system was established in 1881, Keio University has had 20 presidents.[21]

President Tenure President Tenure President Tenure President Tenure
1. Sadashiro Hamano 1881–1887 7. Shinzo Koizumi 1933–1947 13. Saku Sato 1969–1973 19. Akira Haseyama 2017–2021
2. Nobukichi Koizumi 1887–1890 8. Seiichiro Takahashi 1946–1947 14. Hiroshi Kuno 1973–1977 20. Kohei Itoh 2021–
3. Tokujiro Obata 1890–1897 9. Kouji Ushioda 1947–1956 15. Tadao Ishikawa 1977–1993
4. Eikichi Kamata 1898–1922 10. Fukutaro Okui 1956–1960 16. Yasuhiko Torii 1993–2001
5. Ichitaro Fukuzawa 1922–1923 11. Shohei Takamura 1960–1965 17. Yuichiro Anzai 2001–2009
6. Kiroku Hayashi 1923–1933 12. Kunio Nagasawa 1965–1969 18. Atsushi Seike 2009–2017

Student body

In 2021, there are 33,469 students at Keio University, with 28,667 undergraduate students and 4,802 graduate students. Although two-thirds of the student body are males, the gender ratio differs between different majors (e.g. 56% of students are female in the Faculty of Letters. On the other hand, in the School of Medicine, three-quarters of students are men.).[3]

Demographics of student body in 2021[3][22]
Undergraduate Graduate (Master) Graduate (Doctor) Professional Total
Total 28,667 3,034 1,408 360 33,469
Male 18,346 2,044 985 228 21,603
Female 10,321 990 423 132 11,866
International 874 861 1,735

There are 1,908 international students on May 1, 2021, with 874 undergraduate students (3.1% of total undergraduate students (=28,667)), 861 graduate students (18.0% of total graduate students (=4,802) ) and 173 other students.[22] China is the country which provides the most international students with 1,016, followed by South Korea (436), France (66), Taiwan (51), the United States (36), Indonesia (34), and Germany (29).[22]

Student life

Mita Sai

Societies

In Japanese universities, student societies are known as "circles". Although the exact number is not clear, there are over 410 circles at Keio University by estimate, including both official and unofficial circles.[23] Circles may range from athletics, academic, cultural, recreational and more.

Athletics

The interest of Keio's students in baseball stretches back to the early years of the 20th century. In 1913, an American touring team of players from the New York Giants and the Chicago White Sox played an exhibition game against the Keio team.[24] In a 1932 exhibition game, the Keio team beat the University of Michigan team, which was then touring Japan.[25] Keio's baseball team plays in the Tokyo Big6 Baseball League (six prominent universities in the Tokyo area).

Kei-So rivalry

Kei-So Sen

Traditionally, there has been a strong rivalry between Keio and Waseda University. There are annually many matches between the two universities in several sports, such as baseball, rowing, rugby, lacrosse, track and field, American football, association football, aikido, karate, basketball, tennis, swimming, fencing, figure skating, ice hockey, and field hockey. These games are called "Kei–So Sen (慶早戦)" or, more generally, "So–Kei Sen (早慶戦)".

The Kei-So baseball rivalry, which dates back more than a century, is especially famous because of its importance in Japanese baseball history. The most famous Kei-So baseball game, which was played on October 16, 1943, was made into a movie titled "The Last Game – the Final So-Kei Sen -" in 2008.

American football

Scandals

In October 2016, six male students from Keio Advertisement Society, a long-standing student club famous for its organisation of the Miss Keio pageant contest, were investigated for gang rape during a club activity.[26] An out-of-court settlement was reached and the students were not prosecuted.[27] In May 2018, another three students were arrested for sexual assaults.[28]

In March 2017, a student tennis club was disbanded after a student died of alcohol poisoning during a club activity. Two other Keio students died due to over-drinking in 2012 and 2013.[29]

In June 2017, the school's election committee unconventionally selected Haseyama Akira, a legal history professor who only won second place at the general election among teachers and staff, to be the school's new president, breaking a 50-year convention.[30]

In late 2019, both the American football team and the cheerleading club suspended club activities for "inappropriate behaviours".[31][32]

In January 2020, it was reported that a former member of the school president's secretarial staff had installed a camera in a female toilet stall on the Mita campus, filming over a thousand videos over 3 months.[33][34]

Academic rankings

University rankings
THE National[35] General 12
T. Reuters National[36] Research 13
WE [ja] National[37] Employment 3
NBP Greater Tokyo[38][39] Reputation 3
Shimano National[40] Selectivity SA
QS Asia
(Asia version)[41]
General 45
THE World[42] General 601–800
QS World[43] General 214
ARWU World[44] Research 301–400
ENSMP World[45] Alumni 3
Program rankings
Social Sciences & Humanities
LAW
Asahi National[46] Research 2
Natural Sciences & Technology
Engineering
QS World[47] General 179

Keio ranks 53rd in the world in the Times Higher Education's Alma Mater Index.[52] It ranks 34th globally in the Center for World University Rankings (CWUR) and 3rd in Asia.[53] Keio is ranked at 58th of the Reuters Top 100 innovative universities worldwide.[54] British Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) company estimates that Keio is ranked the 192nd in QS World University Rankings 2017/18.[55] It is ranked the 45th in QS World University Ranking 2017/18 for Graduate Employability Ranking. In the Asian University Ranking (2015), Quacquarelli Symonds also ranked Keio as 37th in Asia.[55] The Academic Ranking of World Universities (2015), which is compiled by Shanghai Jiao Tong University, ranks Keio 151-175 in the world and 37 in Asia.[56] Keio, with Waseda University, is one of the prominent private universities within Japan. The difficulty level of entrance exams at Keio University is one of the highest among private universities in Japan.[57]

Research performance

According to Thomson Reuters, Keio is the 10th best research university in Japan, and it is the only private university within the Top 15.[36] In addition, Weekly Diamond reported that Keio has the 8th highest research standard in Japan in terms of research fundings per researchers in COE Program, and it is also the only private university within Top 10.[58] The Asahi Shimbun summarized the number of academic papers in Japanese major legal journals by the university, and Keio was ranked 2nd during 2005–2009.[46] Accordingly, Keio is a prominent research university in Japan.

In economics, according to The Asahi Shimbun, Keio's been ranked 7th in Japan in the economic research ranking during 2005–2009.[59] More recently, Repec in January 2011 ranked Keio's Economic department as Japan's 6th best economic research university.[60] Keio has provided 3 presidents of Japanese Economic Association in its 42-year history, and this number is 5th largest.[61]

In addition, Nikkei Shimbun on 2004/2/16 surveyed about the research standards in Engineering studies based on Thomson Reuters, Grants in Aid for Scientific Research and questionnaires to heads of 93 leading Japanese Research Centers, and Keio was placed 8th (research planning ability 4th/informative ability of research outcome 3rd) in this ranking.[62]

Business

Keio University ranks second in Japan, for the number of alumni holding CEO positions in Fortune Global 500 companies, according to Mines ParisTech: Professional Ranking of World Universities.[45] Keio University is also ranked 1st in Japan for the number of alumni holding executive positions (All C-Suite Positions CEO/CFO/CTO etc. are included) in all listed companies of Japan, with the executive number per student (probability of becoming an executive) placing top.[63][64]

Keio Business School (KBS) is Japan's first business school and one of four Japanese institutions holding The Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) accreditation.[65] Keio was ranked No. 1 in Japan by Nikkei Shimbun.[66] Eduniversal also ranked Keio as the No.1 in Japan (75th in the world).[67] In Eduniversal Keio is one of only 3 Japanese schools categorized in "Universal Business schools with major international influence". In 2012, the Keio Business School became a founding member of the university alliance Council on Business & Society that consists of Tuck School of Business from the USA, the University of Mannheim Business School from Germany, ESSEC Business School from France, Fudan University from China and Fundação Getúlio Vargas from Brazil.

According to the Weekly Economist's 2010 rankings and the PRESIDENT's article on 16 October 2006, graduates of Keio University have the 3rd best employment rate in 400 major companies, and 3rd highest average salary in Japan.

Accounting

As an extension of Keio's strong business focus, for over 30 years, Keio graduates have been ranked first in Japan in the number of successful national CPA exam applicants.[7]

Medicine

Keio has been influential in Japanese medical societies as well. In fact, there have been 4 presidents of Japan Medical Association related to this university (2 Alumni and 2 professors).[note 1] This number is the 2nd largest among Japanese medical schools.[68] Keio is one of 2 Japanese universities which provided a president for the World Medical Association.[69]

Law

Keio's law faculty is typically ranked among the best in all of Japan along with the University of Tokyo, University of Kyoto, Chuo University, and Hitotsubashi University. In 2010 and 2015, Keio University Law School ranked highest among all Japanese universities for the Bar Exam passage rate.[70] Furthermore, the number of Members in Parliament who graduated from Keio is the 3rd highest in Japan.[59][71]

Popularity and selectivity

Keio is a popular university in Japan, often considered one of Japan's top two private universities alongside their rival, Waseda University. The number of applicants per place was 11.7 (48260/4098) in 2011 undergraduate admissions.[72] Its entrance difficulty is usually considered as the highest with Waseda, among 730 private universities.[note 2][note 3][note 4]

Nikkei BP has been publishing a ranking system called "Brand rankings of Japanese universities" every year, composed of various indicators relating to the reputation and brand power of Japanese institutions. Keio University was placed 1st in 2014, and ranked 2nd in 2015 and 2016 in the Greater Tokyo Area.[73] Webometrics (2008) also ranks Keio University as 3rd in Japan, 11th in Asia, and 208th in the world for quantity and quality of web presence and link visibility.[74]

In a unique ranking, TBS ranked Japanese universities by the questionnaire "Which university student do you want to have as your boyfriend?" to 300 girls in Shibuya, and Keio was ranked 1st in this ranking.[note 5]

Evaluation from Business World

University Ranking: Ratio of "president and chief executive officer of listed company" in Japan
Ranking
all universities in Japan 3rd[75] out of all the 744[76] universities which existed as of 2006
Source 2006 Survey[75] by Weekly Diamond 〈ja〉 on the ranking of the universities which produced the high ratio of the graduates who hold the position of "president and chief executive officer of listed company" to all the graduates of each university
University Ranking: Ratio of "officers and managers produced to the number of graduates" in Japan
Ranking
all universities in Japan 26th[77] out of all the 778[78] universities which existed as of 2010
Source 2010 Survey by Weekly Economist 〈ja〉 on the ranking of universities according to the ratio of the number of the officers & managers produced by each university to the number of graduates
University Ranking: Order of "evaluation by personnel departments of leading companies" in Japan
Ranking
Japan 15th[79] (out of 781[80] universities in Japan as of 2020)
Source 2020 Nikkei Survey[81] to all listed (3,714[82]) and leading unlisted (1,100), totally 4,814 companies[81]

Finance

Operating revenues/expenses in 2010[83]
Revenues (yen in millions) ratio Expenses (yen in millions) ratio
Tuition and fees 49,204 24.97% Compensation and benefits 65,270 33.12%
Investment return 4,170 2.12% Education & Research 52,148 26.46%
Capital gain 20,817 10.56% Investment 32,923 16.71%
National appropriation/Grants (Direct) 17,082 8.67% Repayment of debt 13,236 6.72%
Medical care 48,274 24.50%
Debt loan 11,680 5.93%
Endowments 5,475 2.78%
Total 197,061 100.00% Total 197,061 100.00%

According to Keio's financial report, there was an operating revenue of 197 billion yen in 2010.[83] The top three largest incomes were from "tuition and fees", "medical care" and "capital gain", with 49 billion yen, 48 billion yen and 21 billion yen respectively. The number of endowments in 2010 was about 5 billion yen. Keio is known for having one of the largest financial endowments of any Japanese university.[84]

On the other hand, the top 3 largest expenses in 2010 were "Compensation and benefits", "Education & Research" and "Investment", with 65 billion yen, 52 billion yen and 33 billion yen respectively. The total asset value in 2010 was about 364 billion yen with an increase of 5 billion yen. In addition, the total amount of assets under management was approximately 109 billion yen in 2010, composed mainly of cash, deposits with banks and marketable securities.[83]

Tuition fees

Tuition fees[85][86]
Undergraduate 4 years in Total (yen) Per year (yen)
Social Science & Humanities 4,440,000 1,110,000
Natural Science & Engineering 6,280,000 1,570,000
SFC 5,320,000 1,330,000
School of Medicine 14,440,000 3,610,000
Graduate 2 years in Total (yen) Per year (yen)
Social Science & Humanities 1,380,000 690,000
Natural Science & Engineering 1,965,000 983,000
SFC 2,071,000 1,035,000
School of Medicine 2,625,000 1,313,000

The university tuition fee system in Japan differs from other countries with unique complexities. At most Japanese universities, a higher level of initial payment is required in the first year, with added cost such as "entrance fees", costing less in subsequent years. There are several types of fees (some of which must be paid only once and some of which must be paid once or twice per year) and the so-called "course fee" is officially only one of those fees.

At Keio University, tuition fees vary and depends on the course. Social Science & Humanity studies have the lowest fees at approximately 1,110,000 yen per year, with the School of Medicine having the highest fees of around 3,610,000 yen per year.[85] The tuition fees for various graduate schools cost much less than those for undergraduate studies, e.g. 690,000 yen per year for Social Science & Humanities and 1,313,000 yen per year for School of Medicine.[86]

Although it is acceptable to pay twice with half in spring and half in autumn, the "entrance fee" must be paid before enrolment. The entrance fee for undergraduate study is 200,000 yen and the one for graduate study is 310,000 yen.[85][86]

Scholarship/Loan

Scholarship/Loan[87]
2008 the number of students ratio average amount (yen)
Total using scholarship/loan 9,764 30.25%
Total of using scholarship funded by Keio 3,000 9.30% 300,000
International students (undergraduate) 397 appx. 100% 259,942
International students (graduate) 359 appx. 75% 517,473

Many students receive additional financial support. In 2008, 9,764 students (about 30% of all students) used either scholarships or loans throughout their studies.[87] Additionally, Keio funds over 3,000 students who receive, on average, scholarships of 300,000 yen.[87]

Organization

New South building on Mita Campus
Jukukankyoku on Mita Campus
Mita speech house on Mita Campus
Hiyoshi Campus
Yagami Campus
Kitasato Memorial Medical Library on Shinanomachi campus
3rd Building on Shiba Kyoritsu campus

Faculties

Keio University has ten undergraduate faculties, which cover a wide range of academic fields, with each operating independently and offering broad educational and research activities. The faculties, with a planned annual number of enrolled first-year students in parentheses, are:

  • Faculty of Letters (800)
  • Faculty of Economics (1200)
  • Faculty of Law (1200)
  • Faculty of Business and Commerce (1000)
  • School of Medicine (112)
  • Faculty of Science and Technology (932)
  • Faculty of Policy Management (425)
  • Faculty of Environment and Information Studies (425)
  • Faculty of Nursing and Medical Care (100)
  • Faculty of Pharmacy (210)

Graduate Schools

In addition to the ten undergraduate faculties listed above, Keio has fourteen graduate schools. Many professors are associated with both an undergraduate faculty and a graduate school.

  • Graduate School of Letters
  • Graduate School of Economics
  • Graduate School of Law
  • Graduate School of Human Relations
  • Graduate School of Business and Commerce
  • Graduate School of Medicine
  • Graduate School of Science and Technology
  • Graduate School of Business Administration
  • Graduate School of Media and Governance
  • Graduate School of Health Management
  • Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Law School
  • Graduate School of Media Design
  • Graduate School of System Design and Management

Media Centers

Keio's Media Centers, with combined holdings of over 4.58 million books and publications, are one of the largest academic information storehouses in the country.[88]

  • Mita Media Center
  • Hiyoshi Media Center
  • Media Center for Science and Technology
  • Shinanomachi Media Center
  • SFC Media Center

Information Technology Centers

  • ITC Headquarters
  • Mita ITC
  • Hiyoshi ITC
  • Shinanomachi ITC
  • Science & Technology ITC
  • Shonan Fujisawa ITC

Affiliated Schools

Elementary education

  • Keio Yochisha Elementary School
  • Keio Yokohama Elementary School

Secondary education

  • Keio Futsubu School (Boys Junior High School)
  • Keio Chutobu Junior High School
  • Keio Shonan Fujisawa Junior and Senior High School
  • Keio Senior High School
  • Keio Shiki Senior High School
  • Keio Girls Senior High School
  • Keio Academy of New York (High School)

Language education

  • Japanese Language Program
  • Keio Foreign Language School

Others

  • Keio Marunouchi City Campus (KMCC)

Hospital

Keio University Hospital is one of the largest and most well-known general hospitals in Japan,[citation needed] the number of surgeries for carcinoma uteri in 2007 was top and the one for lung cancer was third among all university hospitals.[89] and is also a famous teaching hospital. The number of trainee doctors who selected Keio as their first choice training hospital was 30 (33rd) among all Japanese teaching hospitals in 2010.[90] Established in 1920, it has over 1,000 beds, a leading laboratory, and research and medical information divisions.[7]

  • Keio University Hospital (慶應義塾大学病院 or 慶應大学病院)

Campuses

There are eleven campuses.

Notable alumni

Some prominent Keio alumni include Japanese Prime Ministers Junichiro Koizumi (2001–2006), Ryutaro Hashimoto (1996–1998), and Tsuyoshi Inukai (1931–1932). Dozens of other alumni have been cabinet members and governors in the post-war period.[91] Keio alumni include 230 CEOs of major companies and 97 CEOs of foreign-affiliated companies (both highest in Japan).[7] Keio has over 320,000 alumni in 866 alumni associations.[7][92]

Politicians

Former (1931–1932) Japanese prime minister Tsuyoshi Inukai
Former (1996–1998) Japanese prime minister Ryutaro Hashimoto
Former (2001–2006) Japanese prime minister Junichiro Koizumi

Public servants, international Organisations

Central Bank Governors

Astronauts

Finance

Media

Business

Academia

JAXA astronaut Chiaki Mukai

Art

Others

Notable Faculty

Bibliography

  • The Keiogijuku University: a brief account of its history, aims and equipment. Keio Gijuku University. 1912.

Notes

  1. ^ Kitasato Shibasaburō, Taichi Kitajima, Taro Takemi and Toshiro Murase
  2. ^ National and Public universities apply a different kind of exams, so it is only comparable between universities in a same category.
  3. ^ e.g. Yoyogi seminar published Hensachi (the indicator showing the entrance difficulties by prep schools) rankings "「大学ブランド・イメージ調査2016-2017」ランキング". Archived from the original on 2011-04-22. Retrieved April 2, 2021.
  4. ^ Japanese journalist Kiyoshi Shimano ranks its entrance difficulty as SA (most selective/out of 10 scales) in Japan. 危ない大学・消える大学 2012年版 (in Japanese). YELL books. 2011. ASIN 4753930181.
  5. ^ TV program "Rank Okoku" on 2010/2/6 http://blogs.yahoo.co.jp/jterasaka/40927577.html

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See also

External links

35°38′57″N 139°44′34″E / 35.64917°N 139.74278°E / 35.64917; 139.74278